Infrastructure Catalogue

THE ORANGE-SENQU RIVER COMMISSION INFRASTRUCTURE CATALOGUE Infrastructure Catalogue The Orange-Senqu River Commission (ORASECOM) was established in 2000 by Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia ORASECOM Report 001/2012 and South Africa, which share the water resources of the Orange-Senqu River Basin. The Commission provides a © 2012 ORASECOM forum for consultation, sharing of information and cooperation between the countries. An important part of ORASECOM’s Programme is the Orange-Senqu Strategic Action Programme, a four-year project which aims to identify and address the threats to shared water resources in the Orange-Senqu River Basin, with the ultimate goal of developing a basin-wide plan for sustainable management of its water and related natural resources. The project is funded by the Global Environment Facility through the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and is executed by the United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS). For further information on ORASECOM, please visit www.orasecom.org. The GEF unites 182 countries in partnership with international institutions, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and the private sector to address global environmental issues while supporting national sustainable development initiatives. Today the GEF is the largest public funder of projects to improve the global environment. An independently operating financial organization, the GEF provides grants for projects related to biodiversity, climate change, international waters, land degradation, the ozone layer, and persistent organic pollutants. Since 1991, GEF has achieved a strong track record with developing countries and countries with economies in transition, providing $9.2 billion in grants and leveraging $40 billion in co-financing for over 2,700 projects in over 168 countries. www.thegef.org UNDP partners with people at all levels of society to help build nations that can withstand crisis, and drive and sustain the kind of growth that improves the quality of life for everyone. On the ground in 177 countries and territories, we offer global perspective and local insight to help empower lives and build resilient nations. www.undp.org TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface .......................................3 RESERVOIRS ..............................40 Loch Athlone Dam .....................100 Vanderkloof Dam ......................162 Allemanskraal Dam .....................42 Lotlamoreng Dam ......................101 Vanwyksvlei Dam ......................165 WATER MANAGEMENT AREAS/ Armenia Dam ............................44 Loxton Dam .............................103 Victoria West Dam ....................167 CoUNTRIES ................................4 Barberspan Dam ........................46 Matsoku Weir ..........................105 Welbedacht Dam .....................169 Integrated Schematic .....................5 Bethulie Dam .............................47 Metolong Dam .........................107 Wentzel Dam ..........................172 Upper Vaal ..................................6 Bloemhof Dam ...........................48 Mockes Dam ...........................108 Middle and Lower Vaal ..................7 Boegoeberg Dam .......................50 Modderpoort Dam ....................110 StREAMFLow GAUGES ...........174 Lesotho .......................................8 Bondels Dam .............................52 Mohale Dam ...........................112 Upper Vaal WMA ....................175 Upper Orange .............................9 Boskop Dam ..............................53 Muela Dam .............................114 Middle Vaal WMA ...................177 Botswana ..................................10 Bossiesspruit Dam .......................55 Nauaspoort Dam ......................116 Lower Vaal WMA .....................178 Namibia ...................................11 Daan Viljoen Dam ......................56 Naute Dam .............................118 Lesotho ...................................179 Lower Orange ............................12 Disaneng Dam ...........................58 Neckartal Dam ........................120 Upper Orange WMA ................180 Douglas Storage Weir .................60 Nigel Dam ..............................121 Botswana ................................182 TRANSFER SCHEMES .................14 Dreihuk Dam ..............................62 Oanob Dam ............................122 Lower Orange WMA ................183 Heyshope–Grootdraai Transfer ......15 Driekloof Dam ............................64 Otjivero Dam ...........................124 Thukela–Vaal Transfer...................16 Egmont Dam ..............................66 Polihali Dam ............................126 PURIFICATION WORKS .............184 Zaaihoek Transfer .......................17 Elandskuil Dam ...........................67 Potchefstroom Dam ....................127 Upper Vaal WMA ....................185 Vaal–Olifants Transfer ..................18 Erfenis Dam ...............................69 Rietspruit Dam ..........................129 Middle Vaal WMA ...................186 Vaal–Olifants (Vaal Dam) Transfer ...19 Fika-Patso Dam ...........................71 Rooiberg Dam ..........................131 Lower Vaal WMA .....................187 Lesotho Highlands Water Project ....20 Gariep Dam ..............................72 Rustfontein Dam ........................133 Lesotho ...................................188 Orange River Project Overview ......22 Gerrands Dam ...........................75 Saulspoort Dam ........................135 Upper Orange WMA ................189 Caledon–Bloemfontein Grootdraai Dam .........................76 Serfontein Dam ........................137 Lower Orange WMA ................191 Government Water Scheme ..........23 Groothoek Dam..........................79 Setumo Dam ............................139 WASTE WATER WORKS ............194 Tierpoort Dam Scheme.................25 Hardap Dam .............................80 Smartt Syndicate Dam ...............141 Upper Vaal WMA ....................195 Mazelspoort Scheme ...................26 Johan Neser Dam .......................82 Spitskop Dam ..........................143 Middle Vaal WMA ...................198 Krugersdrift Dam Scheme .............28 Jozanashoek Dam .......................84 Sterkfontein Dam ......................145 Lower Vaal WMA .....................200 Orange–Fish Transfer Tunnel ..........29 Kalk Dam ..................................85 Taung Dam ..............................147 Upper Orange WMA ................201 Vanderkloof Canals Scheme .........30 Kalkfontein Dam .........................86 Tierpoort Dam ..........................149 Lower Orange WMA ................203 Orange–Riet Water Scheme .........32 Katse Dam ...............................88 Tilda Viljoen Dam .....................151 Riet River Government Klerkskraal Dam .........................90 Tsamab Dam ...........................153 Water Scheme ...........................34 Klipdrif Dam ..............................92 Tweerivier/Tweespruit Weir ........154 Orange–Vaal Transfer Scheme .......35 Knellpoort Dam ..........................94 Vaal Barrage ...........................155 Orange River Project ...................37 Koppies Dam .............................96 Vaal Dam ................................157 Krugersdrift Dam .........................98 Vaalharts Storage Weir ..............160 PREFACE The Orange-Senqu River Basin is one of the larger river basins in southern Africa. The river system includes some 300 built structures, among them 30 large dams and several larger inter- and intra-basin transfers. Extensive water utilisation for urban, industrial and agricultural purposes has significantly reduced natural flow, to the extent that at present the average flow reaching the river mouth is in the order of half of the average natural flow. This Infrastructure Catalogue of the Orange-Senqu River Basin provides fact sheets with physical information, photographs, locality diagrams and other pertinent information on the following: transfer schemes; dams; streamflow gauges; water purification works; and waste water treatment works. These fact sheets are also accessible electronically via the Orange-Senqu Water Information System (WIS, wisp. orasecom.org) and link to scanned historic documents for some of the dams and transfer schemes. Schematic diagrams have been compiled for the Orange-Senqu River Basin with links to more detailed sub- catchments/country schematics showing the river system, and dams and transfer schemes. 3 | Water Management Areas/Countries WATER MANAGEMENT AREAS/CoUNTRIES 4 | Water Management Areas/Countries INTEGRATED SCHEMATIC Junction node Nooitgedacht Dam to Komati Komati River basin power stations Jericho Dam to Nooitgedacht Dam Reservoir node 8. Molopo-Nossob (BOTSWANA) Vaal to Northern Gauteng (Crocodile) Transfer channel Jericho Dam to power stations Usutu (Upper) Molopo River Vaal to Southern Gauteng Olifants (Upper) River channel Heyshope Dam to Morgenstond Dam Transfer WMA boundary 7. Orange-Fish (NAMIBIA) 1.Upper Vaal WMA Assegaai (Upper) Fish River Heyshope Dam to Hardap Grootdraai Dam Transfer Dam 5. Lower Vaal WMA 4. Middle Vaal WMA Vaal Dam and Grootdraai to Sasol and power stations Vaal Grootdraai Bloemhof Dam Dam Zaaihoek Dam to Dam Vaal River Grootdraai Dam Naute Thukela Dam Vaal Barrage Sterkfontein Driel to Sterkfontein Dam Dam Katse to Vaal Transfer 3. Upper Orange WMA 2. LESOTHO Bloemfontein Caledon River Mohale Katse Dam Dam Orange to Vaal Transfer Douglas Weir Riet/Modder Rivers Knellpoort & Welbedacht

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