The Cultural Landscape: Introduction to Human Geography, 9E (Rubenstein)

The Cultural Landscape: Introduction to Human Geography Chapter 1 Thinking Geographically Chapter 2 Population

1 Scale is A)

2 the system used by geographers to transfer locations from a globe to a map. B)

3 the extent of spread of a phenomenon over a given area. C)

4 the difference in elevation between two points in an area. D)

5 the relationship between the length of an object on a map and that feature on the landscape. E)

6 the ratio of the largest to smallest areas on a map.

7 Which map would have the smallest scale? A)

8 world B)

9 continent C)

10 state D)

11 city E)

12 county

13 Distortion is especially severe on A)

14 globes. B)

15 small-scale maps. C)

16 large-scale maps. D)

17 topographic maps E)

18 all maps.

19 The first person to use the word geography was A)

20 Aristotle. B)

21 Eratosthenes. C)

22 Strabo. D)

23 Thales of Miletus. E)

24 Thucydides.

25 5) The name given to a portion of Earth's surface is known as A)

26 location. B)

27 site. C)

28 situation. D)

29 toponym. E)

30 jargon.

31 Situation identifies a place by its A)

32 location relative to other objects. B)

33 mathematical location on Earth's surface. C)

34 nominal location. D)

35 unique physical characteristics. E)

36 primary dimensions.

37 Which is true? A)

38 Every meridian is actually a circle rather than a line. B)

39 Every meridian is the same length and has the same beginning and end. C)

40 Every parallel begins and ends at the poles. D)

41 Every parallel is the same length. E)

42 Every meridian is distorted by magnetic declination.

43 A ship's position degrees latitude and 27 degrees west longitude. We can conclude from this information that the ship is is given as 0 located A)

44 on the equator. B)

45 at the North or South Pole. C)

46 on the Prime Meridian. D)

47 astride the International Date Line. E)

48 equidistant between the Prime Meridian and the International Date Line.

49 A business from New York (which is located at 75°W) at 6 P.M. on Tuesday to Sydney, Australia (which is located executive calls at 150°E). What time is it in Sydney? A)

50 9 A.M. Tuesday B)

51 9 P.M. Tuesday C)

52 9 A.M. Wednesday D)

53 9 P.M. Wednesday E)

54 6 P. M. Tuesday

55 The U.S. Land Ordinance of 1785 divided much of the country into a system of A)

56 townships. B)

57 ranges. C)

58 sections. D)

59 quarter sections. E)

60 all of the above

61 The South is established as a vernacular region of the United States by A)

62 climate. B)

63 the Baptist Church. C)

64 low high school graduation rates. D)

65 high cotton production. E)

66 all the above

67 The concept that the distribution of one phenomenon is scientifically related to the location of other phenomena is A)

68 regional analysis. B)

69 spatial analysis. C)

70 spatial association. D)

71 spatial distribution. E)

72 regional dissociation.

73 The arrangement of a phenomenon across Earth's surface is A)

74 regional analysis. B)

75 spatial analysis. C)

76 spatial association. D)

77 spatial distribution. E)

78 regional dissociation.

79 An area distinguished by one or more unique characteristics is a A)

80 biome. B)

81 landscape. C)

82 region. D)

83 uniform unit. E)

84 ecosystem.

85 Which is not an example of a functional region? A)

86 the circulation area of a newspaper B)

87 the area of dominance of a television station C)

88 the market area of a supermarket D)

89 the area dominated by a particular crop E)

90 area served by a sports franchise

91 The division of the United States into nine regions by the Census Bureau is an example of a A)

92 climatic region. B)

93 functional region. C)

94 nodal region. D)

95 formal region. E)

96 vernacular region.

97 The frequency of something within a given unit of area is A)

98 concentration. B)

99 density. C)

100 distribution. D)

101 pattern. E)

102 dispersion.

103 The spread of something over a given study area is A)

104 concentration. B)

105 density. C)

106 distribution. D)

107 pattern. E)

108 diffusion.

109 A hearth is A)

110 a region from which a phenomenon originates. B)

111 the process by which a feature or trend spreads. C)

112 an area defined by one or more distinctive features or trends. D)

113 the modification of a culture as a result of contact with a more powerful one. E)

114 perimeter of a regional feature.

115 Which is a form of expansion diffusion? A)

116 contagious B)

117 hierarchical C)

118 stimulus D)

119 all of the above E)

120 relocation

121 Diffusion of AIDS is an example of which type of diffusion? A)

122 contagious B)

123 hierarchical C)

124 relocation D)

125 stimulus E)

126 osmosis

127 If a group of from Papua, New Guinea to North America and adopted Western cultural habits, this would be an people migrated example of A)

128 acculturation. B)

129 cargo cult. C)

130 diffusion. D)

131 sequent occupance. E)

132 osmosis.

133 Which is not a common practice of transnational corporations? A)

134 relocate command centers from more developed countries B)

135 relocate nonessential employees to locations outside command centers C)

136 identify the distinctive economic assets of each region in the world D)

137 organize production according to a spatial division of labor E)

138 move factories from high wage regions to low wage regions

139 Culture means to A)

140 care about something. B)

141 take care of something. C)

142 develop new variations. D)

143 discard effective practices. E)

144 both A and B

145 According to environmental determinism, A)

146 the physical environment causes social development. B)

147 the physical environment sets limits on human actions. C)

148 people can adjust to the physical environment. D)

149 people can choose a many alternatives offered by the physical environment. course of action from 26)

150 One important feature of the world's population with the most significant future implications is that A)

151 the natural increase rate is larger every year. B)

152 there are fewer people in the world now than at the peak in the middle of the twentieth century. C)

153 the most rapid growth is occurring in the less developed countries. D)

154 people are uniformly distributed across Earth. E)

155 the less developed countries have the highest combined crude death rate.

156 Two-thirds of the world's population is clustered in four regions. Which of the following is not one of these four regions? A)

157 East Asia B)

158 Southeast Asia C)

159 Sub-Saharan Africa D)

160 Europe E)

161 South Asia

162 Relatively few people live at high elevations, but there are significant exceptions, especially in A)

163 Asia. B)

164 Europe. C)

165 Latin America. D)

166 North America. E)

167 Africa.

168 Physiological density is the number of A)

169 acres of farmland. B)

170 farmers per area of farmland. C)

171 people per area of land. D)

172 people per area suitable for agriculture. E)

173 farm animals per area suitable for agriculture.

174 A country with a large amount of arable land and a small number of farmers will have a A)

175 high physiological density. B)

176 low physiological density. C)

177 high agricultural density. D)

178 low agricultural density. E)

179 low arithmetic density.

180 Land suited for agriculture is called A)

181 population density. B)

182 agricultural density. C)

183 physiological density. D)

184 arid land. E)

185 arable land.

186 If the physiological density is much larger than the arithmetic density, then a country has A)

187 inefficient farmers. B)

188 a large number of farmers. C)

189 a small percentage of land suitable for agriculture. D)

190 too many people for the available resources. E)

191 too few farmers for the large area of land suitable for agriculture.

192 The medical revolution has been characterized by A)

193 development of new inventions. B)

194 diffusion of medical practices. C)

195 increased agricultural productivity. D)

196 invention of new medicines. E)

197 increase in the crude birth rate.

198 The average number of births women bear in their lifetimes is A)

199 crude birth rate. B)

200 crude death rate. C)

201 total fertility rate. D)

202 natural increase rate. E)

203 increasing in more developed countries.

204 A decline in a country's crude birth rate would result in an increase in the country's A)

205 total fertility rate. B)

206 life expectancy rate. C)

207 crude death rate. D)

208 doubling time. E)

209 natural increase rate.

210 When combined developed countries, which of the following rates is lower than more developed countries combined? for all less A)

211 crude birth rate B)

212 crude death rate C)

213 infant mortality rate D)

214 natural increase rate E)

215 total growth rate

216 The total number of live births per year per 1,000 people in a society is the A)

218 life expectancy rate. C)

219 natural increase rate. D)

220 total fertility rate. E)

221 projected birth rate.

222 The highest natural increase rates are found in countries in which stage of the demographic transition? A)

223 Stage 1 B)

224 Stage 2 C)

225 Stage 3 D)

226 Stage 4 E)

227 Stage 5

228 Country X has a of 40 and a crude death rate of 15, while Country Y has a crude birth rate of 20 and a crude death rate of crude birth rate 9. Which country has a higher natural increase rate? A)

229 Country X B)

230 Country Y C)

231 The rate is the same in both countries. D)

232 The rate depends on total population, so it can't be computed from this information. E)

233 The rate depends on immigration, so it can't be computed from this information.

234 More developed countries moved from Stage 1 to Stage 2 of the demographic transition 200 years ago in part because of A)

235 the agricultural revolution. B)

236 invention of new technology. C)

237 people moving to cities. D)

238 women choosing to enter the labor force. E)

239 decreasing crude birth rates.

240 The shape of a country's population pyramid is determined primarily by its A)

242 crude death rate. C)

243 dependency rate. D)

244 sex ratio. E)

245 demographic ratio.

246 A crude birth rate of approximately 10 per 1,000 is typical of a country in which stage of the demographic transition? A)

247 Stage 1 B)

248 Stage 2 C)

249 Stage 3 D)

250 Stage 4 E)

251 Stages 2 and 3.

252 In contrast to the more developed countries, less developed countries entered Stage 2 of the demographic transition experience of through A)

253 creation of higher levels of wealth. B)

254 diffusion of the Industrial Revolution. C)

255 diffusion of medical technology from other countries. D)

256 profound changes in their economic and social systems. E)

257 banking innovations.

258 Thomas Malthus concluded that A)

259 population increased arithmetically while food production increased geometrically. B)

260 the world's rate of population increase was higher than the development of food supplies. C)

261 moral restraint was producing lower crude birth rates. D)

262 population growth was outpacing available resources in every country. E)

263 crude birth rates must balance crude death rates.

264 The principal reason for declining natural increase rates in less developed countries today is A)

265 increasing crude birth rates. B)

266 declining crude birth rates. C)

267 increasing crude death rates. D)

268 declining crude death rates. E)

269 balanced natural increase rates.

270 The low rate of contraceptive use in Africa reflects the region's A)

271 improving education of women. B)

272 low status of women. C)

273 rapid diffusion of contraceptives. D)

274 all of the above E)

275 A and B

276 A possible stage five epidemiological transition is the stage of A)

277 pestilence and famine. B)

278 receding pandemics. C)

279 degenerative and human created diseases. D)

280 delayed degenerative diseases. E)

281 reemergence of infectious and parasitic diseases.

282 The most lethal epidemic in recent years has been A)

283 avian flu. B)

284 AIDS. C)

285 malaria. D)

286 cholera. E)

287 SARS.

ESSAY QUESTIONS ON NEXT PAGE

Select three (3) of the following questions and clearly answer them on the back of the scan-tron sheet or type them on a separate sheet of paper.

-Each answer should be 3-5 complete sentences. -Do not quote the text or an internet search…use your own words.

288 -As the GDP per capita increases, what happens generally to the crude birth rate?

289 -What are the four types of land and their major characteristics that lie outside the ecumene?

290 -Explain why today's more developed societies moved in the past from Stage 2 to Stage 3 of the demographic transition.

291 -Explain the controversy about spatial analysis and the census.

292 -Compare the birth control policies in India and China.

293 -Assume that the 1:24,000. This means that one INCH on the ______represents ______FEET on the ______. scale of a map is Describe how you derived the answer.

294 -What are the three ways to indicate scale? Why are there tree kinds of scales?

295 -Describe the identify? three kinds of regions that geographers -If there were no maps, could geography exist as a discipline? Why or why not?