<p>The Cultural Landscape: Introduction to Human Geography Chapter 1 Thinking Geographically Chapter 2 Population</p><p>1) </p><p>1 Scale is A) </p><p>2 the system used by geographers to transfer locations from a globe to a map. B) </p><p>3 the extent of spread of a phenomenon over a given area. C) </p><p>4 the difference in elevation between two points in an area. D) </p><p>5 the relationship between the length of an object on a map and that feature on the landscape. E) </p><p>6 the ratio of the largest to smallest areas on a map. </p><p>2) </p><p>7 Which map would have the smallest scale? A) </p><p>8 world B) </p><p>9 continent C) </p><p>10 state D) </p><p>11 city E) </p><p>12 county </p><p>3) </p><p>13 Distortion is especially severe on A) </p><p>14 globes. B) </p><p>15 small-scale maps. C) </p><p>16 large-scale maps. D) </p><p>17 topographic maps E) </p><p>18 all maps. </p><p>4) </p><p>19 The first person to use the word geography was A) </p><p>20 Aristotle. B) </p><p>21 Eratosthenes. C) </p><p>22 Strabo. D) </p><p>23 Thales of Miletus. E) </p><p>24 Thucydides. </p><p>25 5) The name given to a portion of Earth's surface is known as A) </p><p>26 location. B) </p><p>27 site. C) </p><p>28 situation. D) </p><p>29 toponym. E) </p><p>30 jargon. </p><p>6) </p><p>31 Situation identifies a place by its A) </p><p>32 location relative to other objects. B) </p><p>33 mathematical location on Earth's surface. C) </p><p>34 nominal location. D) </p><p>35 unique physical characteristics. E) </p><p>36 primary dimensions. </p><p>7) </p><p>37 Which is true? A) </p><p>38 Every meridian is actually a circle rather than a line. B) </p><p>39 Every meridian is the same length and has the same beginning and end. C) </p><p>40 Every parallel begins and ends at the poles. D) </p><p>41 Every parallel is the same length. E) </p><p>42 Every meridian is distorted by magnetic declination. </p><p>8) </p><p>43 A ship's position degrees latitude and 27 degrees west longitude. We can conclude from this information that the ship is is given as 0 located A) </p><p>44 on the equator. B) </p><p>45 at the North or South Pole. C) </p><p>46 on the Prime Meridian. D) </p><p>47 astride the International Date Line. E) </p><p>48 equidistant between the Prime Meridian and the International Date Line. </p><p>9) </p><p>49 A business from New York (which is located at 75°W) at 6 P.M. on Tuesday to Sydney, Australia (which is located executive calls at 150°E). What time is it in Sydney? A) </p><p>50 9 A.M. Tuesday B) </p><p>51 9 P.M. Tuesday C) </p><p>52 9 A.M. Wednesday D) </p><p>53 9 P.M. Wednesday E) </p><p>54 6 P. M. Tuesday </p><p>10) </p><p>55 The U.S. Land Ordinance of 1785 divided much of the country into a system of A) </p><p>56 townships. B) </p><p>57 ranges. C) </p><p>58 sections. D) </p><p>59 quarter sections. E) </p><p>60 all of the above </p><p>11) </p><p>61 The South is established as a vernacular region of the United States by A) </p><p>62 climate. B) </p><p>63 the Baptist Church. C) </p><p>64 low high school graduation rates. D) </p><p>65 high cotton production. E) </p><p>66 all the above </p><p>12) </p><p>67 The concept that the distribution of one phenomenon is scientifically related to the location of other phenomena is A) </p><p>68 regional analysis. B) </p><p>69 spatial analysis. C) </p><p>70 spatial association. D) </p><p>71 spatial distribution. E) </p><p>72 regional dissociation. </p><p>13) </p><p>73 The arrangement of a phenomenon across Earth's surface is A) </p><p>74 regional analysis. B) </p><p>75 spatial analysis. C) </p><p>76 spatial association. D) </p><p>77 spatial distribution. E) </p><p>78 regional dissociation. </p><p>14) </p><p>79 An area distinguished by one or more unique characteristics is a A) </p><p>80 biome. B) </p><p>81 landscape. C) </p><p>82 region. D) </p><p>83 uniform unit. E) </p><p>84 ecosystem. </p><p>15) </p><p>85 Which is not an example of a functional region? A) </p><p>86 the circulation area of a newspaper B) </p><p>87 the area of dominance of a television station C) </p><p>88 the market area of a supermarket D) </p><p>89 the area dominated by a particular crop E) </p><p>90 area served by a sports franchise </p><p>16) </p><p>91 The division of the United States into nine regions by the Census Bureau is an example of a A) </p><p>92 climatic region. B) </p><p>93 functional region. C) </p><p>94 nodal region. D) </p><p>95 formal region. E) </p><p>96 vernacular region. </p><p>17) </p><p>97 The frequency of something within a given unit of area is A) </p><p>98 concentration. B) </p><p>99 density. C) </p><p>100 distribution. D) </p><p>101 pattern. E) </p><p>102 dispersion. </p><p>18) </p><p>103 The spread of something over a given study area is A) </p><p>104 concentration. B) </p><p>105 density. C) </p><p>106 distribution. D) </p><p>107 pattern. E) </p><p>108 diffusion. </p><p>19) </p><p>109 A hearth is A) </p><p>110 a region from which a phenomenon originates. B) </p><p>111 the process by which a feature or trend spreads. C) </p><p>112 an area defined by one or more distinctive features or trends. D) </p><p>113 the modification of a culture as a result of contact with a more powerful one. E) </p><p>114 perimeter of a regional feature. </p><p>20) </p><p>115 Which is a form of expansion diffusion? A) </p><p>116 contagious B) </p><p>117 hierarchical C) </p><p>118 stimulus D) </p><p>119 all of the above E) </p><p>120 relocation </p><p>21) </p><p>121 Diffusion of AIDS is an example of which type of diffusion? A) </p><p>122 contagious B) </p><p>123 hierarchical C) </p><p>124 relocation D) </p><p>125 stimulus E) </p><p>126 osmosis </p><p>22) </p><p>127 If a group of from Papua, New Guinea to North America and adopted Western cultural habits, this would be an people migrated example of A) </p><p>128 acculturation. B) </p><p>129 cargo cult. C) </p><p>130 diffusion. D) </p><p>131 sequent occupance. E) </p><p>132 osmosis. </p><p>23) </p><p>133 Which is not a common practice of transnational corporations? A) </p><p>134 relocate command centers from more developed countries B) </p><p>135 relocate nonessential employees to locations outside command centers C) </p><p>136 identify the distinctive economic assets of each region in the world D) </p><p>137 organize production according to a spatial division of labor E) </p><p>138 move factories from high wage regions to low wage regions </p><p>24) </p><p>139 Culture means to A) </p><p>140 care about something. B) </p><p>141 take care of something. C) </p><p>142 develop new variations. D) </p><p>143 discard effective practices. E) </p><p>144 both A and B </p><p>25) </p><p>145 According to environmental determinism, A) </p><p>146 the physical environment causes social development. B) </p><p>147 the physical environment sets limits on human actions. C) </p><p>148 people can adjust to the physical environment. D) </p><p>149 people can choose a many alternatives offered by the physical environment. course of action from 26) </p><p>150 One important feature of the world's population with the most significant future implications is that A) </p><p>151 the natural increase rate is larger every year. B) </p><p>152 there are fewer people in the world now than at the peak in the middle of the twentieth century. C) </p><p>153 the most rapid growth is occurring in the less developed countries. D) </p><p>154 people are uniformly distributed across Earth. E) </p><p>155 the less developed countries have the highest combined crude death rate. </p><p>27) </p><p>156 Two-thirds of the world's population is clustered in four regions. Which of the following is not one of these four regions? A) </p><p>157 East Asia B) </p><p>158 Southeast Asia C) </p><p>159 Sub-Saharan Africa D) </p><p>160 Europe E) </p><p>161 South Asia </p><p>28) </p><p>162 Relatively few people live at high elevations, but there are significant exceptions, especially in A) </p><p>163 Asia. B) </p><p>164 Europe. C) </p><p>165 Latin America. D) </p><p>166 North America. E) </p><p>167 Africa. </p><p>29) </p><p>168 Physiological density is the number of A) </p><p>169 acres of farmland. B) </p><p>170 farmers per area of farmland. C) </p><p>171 people per area of land. D) </p><p>172 people per area suitable for agriculture. E) </p><p>173 farm animals per area suitable for agriculture. </p><p>30) </p><p>174 A country with a large amount of arable land and a small number of farmers will have a A) </p><p>175 high physiological density. B) </p><p>176 low physiological density. C) </p><p>177 high agricultural density. D) </p><p>178 low agricultural density. E) </p><p>179 low arithmetic density. </p><p>31) </p><p>180 Land suited for agriculture is called A) </p><p>181 population density. B) </p><p>182 agricultural density. C) </p><p>183 physiological density. D) </p><p>184 arid land. E) </p><p>185 arable land. </p><p>32) </p><p>186 If the physiological density is much larger than the arithmetic density, then a country has A) </p><p>187 inefficient farmers. B) </p><p>188 a large number of farmers. C) </p><p>189 a small percentage of land suitable for agriculture. D) </p><p>190 too many people for the available resources. E) </p><p>191 too few farmers for the large area of land suitable for agriculture. </p><p>33) </p><p>192 The medical revolution has been characterized by A) </p><p>193 development of new inventions. B) </p><p>194 diffusion of medical practices. C) </p><p>195 increased agricultural productivity. D) </p><p>196 invention of new medicines. E) </p><p>197 increase in the crude birth rate. </p><p>34) </p><p>198 The average number of births women bear in their lifetimes is A) </p><p>199 crude birth rate. B) </p><p>200 crude death rate. C) </p><p>201 total fertility rate. D) </p><p>202 natural increase rate. E) </p><p>203 increasing in more developed countries. </p><p>35) </p><p>204 A decline in a country's crude birth rate would result in an increase in the country's A) </p><p>205 total fertility rate. B) </p><p>206 life expectancy rate. C) </p><p>207 crude death rate. D) </p><p>208 doubling time. E) </p><p>209 natural increase rate. </p><p>36) </p><p>210 When combined developed countries, which of the following rates is lower than more developed countries combined? for all less A) </p><p>211 crude birth rate B) </p><p>212 crude death rate C) </p><p>213 infant mortality rate D) </p><p>214 natural increase rate E) </p><p>215 total growth rate </p><p>37) </p><p>216 The total number of live births per year per 1,000 people in a society is the A) </p><p>217 crude birth rate. B) </p><p>218 life expectancy rate. C) </p><p>219 natural increase rate. D) </p><p>220 total fertility rate. E) </p><p>221 projected birth rate. </p><p>38) </p><p>222 The highest natural increase rates are found in countries in which stage of the demographic transition? A) </p><p>223 Stage 1 B) </p><p>224 Stage 2 C) </p><p>225 Stage 3 D) </p><p>226 Stage 4 E) </p><p>227 Stage 5 </p><p>39) </p><p>228 Country X has a of 40 and a crude death rate of 15, while Country Y has a crude birth rate of 20 and a crude death rate of crude birth rate 9. Which country has a higher natural increase rate? A) </p><p>229 Country X B) </p><p>230 Country Y C) </p><p>231 The rate is the same in both countries. D) </p><p>232 The rate depends on total population, so it can't be computed from this information. E) </p><p>233 The rate depends on immigration, so it can't be computed from this information. </p><p>40) </p><p>234 More developed countries moved from Stage 1 to Stage 2 of the demographic transition 200 years ago in part because of A) </p><p>235 the agricultural revolution. B) </p><p>236 invention of new technology. C) </p><p>237 people moving to cities. D) </p><p>238 women choosing to enter the labor force. E) </p><p>239 decreasing crude birth rates. </p><p>41) </p><p>240 The shape of a country's population pyramid is determined primarily by its A) </p><p>241 crude birth rate. B) </p><p>242 crude death rate. C) </p><p>243 dependency rate. D) </p><p>244 sex ratio. E) </p><p>245 demographic ratio. </p><p>42) </p><p>246 A crude birth rate of approximately 10 per 1,000 is typical of a country in which stage of the demographic transition? A) </p><p>247 Stage 1 B) </p><p>248 Stage 2 C) </p><p>249 Stage 3 D) </p><p>250 Stage 4 E) </p><p>251 Stages 2 and 3. </p><p>43) </p><p>252 In contrast to the more developed countries, less developed countries entered Stage 2 of the demographic transition experience of through A) </p><p>253 creation of higher levels of wealth. B) </p><p>254 diffusion of the Industrial Revolution. C) </p><p>255 diffusion of medical technology from other countries. D) </p><p>256 profound changes in their economic and social systems. E) </p><p>257 banking innovations. </p><p>44) </p><p>258 Thomas Malthus concluded that A) </p><p>259 population increased arithmetically while food production increased geometrically. B) </p><p>260 the world's rate of population increase was higher than the development of food supplies. C) </p><p>261 moral restraint was producing lower crude birth rates. D) </p><p>262 population growth was outpacing available resources in every country. E) </p><p>263 crude birth rates must balance crude death rates. </p><p>45) </p><p>264 The principal reason for declining natural increase rates in less developed countries today is A) </p><p>265 increasing crude birth rates. B) </p><p>266 declining crude birth rates. C) </p><p>267 increasing crude death rates. D) </p><p>268 declining crude death rates. E) </p><p>269 balanced natural increase rates. </p><p>46) </p><p>270 The low rate of contraceptive use in Africa reflects the region's A) </p><p>271 improving education of women. B) </p><p>272 low status of women. C) </p><p>273 rapid diffusion of contraceptives. D) </p><p>274 all of the above E) </p><p>275 A and B </p><p>47) </p><p>276 A possible stage five epidemiological transition is the stage of A) </p><p>277 pestilence and famine. B) </p><p>278 receding pandemics. C) </p><p>279 degenerative and human created diseases. D) </p><p>280 delayed degenerative diseases. E) </p><p>281 reemergence of infectious and parasitic diseases. </p><p>48) </p><p>282 The most lethal epidemic in recent years has been A) </p><p>283 avian flu. B) </p><p>284 AIDS. C) </p><p>285 malaria. D) </p><p>286 cholera. E) </p><p>287 SARS. </p><p>ESSAY QUESTIONS ON NEXT PAGE</p><p>Select three (3) of the following questions and clearly answer them on the back of the scan-tron sheet or type them on a separate sheet of paper.</p><p>-Each answer should be 3-5 complete sentences. -Do not quote the text or an internet search…use your own words.</p><p>288 -As the GDP per capita increases, what happens generally to the crude birth rate?</p><p>289 -What are the four types of land and their major characteristics that lie outside the ecumene? </p><p>290 -Explain why today's more developed societies moved in the past from Stage 2 to Stage 3 of the demographic transition.</p><p>291 -Explain the controversy about spatial analysis and the census.</p><p>292 -Compare the birth control policies in India and China. </p><p>293 -Assume that the 1:24,000. This means that one INCH on the ______represents ______FEET on the ______. scale of a map is Describe how you derived the answer.</p><p>294 -What are the three ways to indicate scale? Why are there tree kinds of scales? </p><p>295 -Describe the identify? three kinds of regions that geographers -If there were no maps, could geography exist as a discipline? Why or why not?</p><p>296</p>