Workshop for the Cool Roofs and Pavement Working Group – GSEP September 1212--13,13, 2011

10 Actions by City to Address Climate Change

Dr. Gabriela del Socorro Álvarez García CENIDET/CIICAP-UAEM

National Center for Research and Technology

DevelopmentDevelopment--DGESTDGEST--SEPSEP

1987-2011

Cuernavaca, , México , Morelos, México y Mexico City Action Program y Mexico City was the first city in Latin America to implement a Climate Action Program (DF has an area of 1400 Km2). y This program has enabled the reduction of 4 % of Mexico City’s greenhouse gas emission (1,397,942 metric tons of carbon dioxide). y The 2008–2010 Mexico City Climate Action includes: y 1 Transport Corridors / Zero Emissions Transport Corridor y 2 ECOBICI Individual Transport System y 3 Minibus and Taxis Replacement Program y 4 Metro Line 12 y 5 Sustainable Housing Program y 6 Solar Energy Use Regulations y 7 Mexico City Goverment Enviromental Management System y 8 Green RRfoofs Program y 9 Recovery of the Rivers Magdalena and Eslava y 10 Restoration of Ecosystems and Compensation for Maintaining Environmental Services The Green Roof Program’s objectives are: y To encourage and promote the construction and use of urban green roof systems. y To create the necessary conditions for the use of green roof systems, with the aim of creating green blbelts that act like lungs for the city, retaiiining dust and suspended particles in the atmosphere, filtering the air, regulating the humidity of the area and creating microclimates. y To promote and manage the creation of regulations, quality requirements, economic and tax incentives and ppjrojects for the use of green roof systems. y To create environmental awareness. It is expected that, with the implementation of the Program, 10, 000 square meters (m²) of green roofs will be established per year in the 2010–2012 period. y In December 2008 the Environmental Regulations for the Federal District NADF‐013‐NAT‐2007 were publish ed , which establi sh the tthilechnical specifications for the installation of green roof systems in the Federal District.

Yautlica Environmental Education Center. y In 2007 and 2008 results for green roof construction on urban buildings in Mexico City were 3,578.82 m2 and 6,200 m2 respectively. y In2009, by means of resolute measures to mitigate environmental impact, the following buildings have green roofs: y Plaza Central with a green surface area of 3,000 m2 y Preparatory School “General Lázaro Cárdenas del Río” with a green surface area of 183.50 m2m2. y y In 2010, there are 13 public buildings (hospitals and schools) whose structural analysis enables them to participate in the program. y Their combined total green surface area comes to 13,012 m2. Some of the buildings with green roofs include: y The Natural History Museum, y ThilTechnical SdSecondary ShSchoo l No. 14 y “Cinco de Mayo”, CENDI located on the street Delicias, y Insurgentes metro station building, Coyoacán y Preparatory School “Ricardo Flores Magón”, y Dr. Belisario Domínguez Specialities Hospital, y Iztacalco Preparatory School “Felipe Carrillo puerto”, y Yautlica Environmental Education Center.

Preparatory School “Ricardo Flores Magón” Dr. Belisario Domínguez Specialities Hospital,

Insurgentes Metro Station The Mechanical Engineering Department is divided into two Groups, each with its own research area:

Mechanical Design Therma l Systems Group Group

Each group has one main research area:

Optimization of Mechanical Energy in Buildings and related Systems solar systems 5 Professors 6 Professors Energy in buildings and related solar systems

Energy Efficiency in Thermophysical and optical Studies of related solar buildings material properties systems

Climate characterization and stttrateg ies of comf ftiort in buildings Air and water solar collector systems Evaluation of thermal loads Devices for the measurement of thermoppyhysical p rop erties of buildings SlSolar d ryi ng syst ems of materials Corn Studies of movement of air in Cactus rooms-Ventilation Ceramic Mango Thermal studies of components: glazing, window Analysis of thermophysical Thermal Studies in open frames, roofs, walls and its and optical properties of cavities thermal effect in rooms. materials

Thermal studies in passive Select one area systems. Research projects related to roofs

•Thermal studies in building components: Temperat ure diditibtistribution st tdudy of tttest mod dlules considering different windows and roofs (CONACYT).

•Thermal evaluation of the heat load and building rating in the State of Morelos (FOMIX-2004)

•Development and validation of a methodology to measure the impact of energy savings for the use of passive systems in buildings in Mexico (in process) •SENER-CONACYT. Local climate studies Next State of Morelos

TLALNEPANTLA 5,80 13,7 HUITZILAC 5,89 TETELA DEL VOL CAN 18,5 ZAC ATEP EC 5,90 TL ALNEPANTL A 19,2 CUERNAVACA 5,97 CUERNAVACA 20,1 TEPOZTLAN 6,10 21,9 TETELA DEL VOL CAN 6,17 (1) 22,3 TLAYACAPAN (1) 6,19 (2) 22,4 TLALTIZAPAN 6,20 TLAYACAPAN (2) 22,6 OCUITUCO 6,21 CUAUTLA 24,0 6,43 TEMOAC (1) 24,1 CUAUTLA 6,51 24,8 6,51 TEPOZTLAN 24,9 AYALA MIACATLAN 6,69 25,0 TEMOAC (1) 6716,71 JIUTEPEC 25,4 AYALA 6,72 AYALA 26,3 AYALA 6,74 26,3 MAZATEP EC 6,78 26,7 TLAYACAPAN (2) 6,81 ZACATEPEC 26,9 TLALTIZAPAN JONACATEPEC 6,81 26,9 TL AQUI LTENANGO (2) 27,3 (2) 6,83 TEPAL C I NGO 6,84 MIACATLAN 27,4 6,86 27,4 AXOCHIAPAN AMACUZAC 27,6 6,90 TLAQUILTENANGO (1) 6,90 27,8 TL AQUI LTENANGO (1) 27,9 PUENTE DE IXTLA 6,99 JOJUTLA 28,0 TEMOAC (2) 7,05 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 012345678 RADIACI ÓN DIARIA PROMEDIO kW/m² TEMPERATURA(° C)

Figura 3.1.5. Distribución mensual de radiación solar incidente por localidad en el Figura 3.2.5. Distribución mensual de temperatura por localidad en el Estado de Estado de Morelos para el mes de Mayo de 2007. Morelos para el mes de Mayo de 2007. Next Thermal loads in buildings

Thermal loads in buildings of low thermal mass Thermal studies of the influence of window and roofs in cavities

Analysis of thermal conduction through the roof.

AIS-V1-1-10 TB-V1-1-10 TN-V1-1-10

Isotherms 6mm single glazing, 3 kinds of roofs

80

70 Average temperature in the cavity and roof

AIS-V1 60 Sin filtro de control solar TB-V1-1-10 Temperatura TN-V1-1-10 50 promedio AIS-V1 TB-V1-1-10 TN-V1-1-10 T (ºC) 40 Tcavidad (ºC) 31.61 33.84 38.06

30 Ttecho (ºC) 33.86 44.48 67.71

20 Dif. horizontal G AM1 012345 (ºC) 12.45 2.81 4.49 Hx (m) qconv qrad Temperature distribution on roof

qrad qconv qconv

qconv aG

Hy tG G AM2 Tfría Aire ?G qrad

Sns-Cu S qrad y x AISLADA

x Hx ThermalThermal studiesstudies inin buildingbuilding components:components: windowswindows andand roofsroofs Funding Research Projects y CONACYT y MINISTERY OF EDUCATION y Industrial Sector Thank you