Name: ______Period: ______Landfill # ______

Group mates: ______

STEP 1: PRE-LAB BE CLEAR AND SPECIFIC. 3-5 WORD ANSWERS ARE NOT OK. 1. Explain the difference between a landfill and a dump. ______

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2. Define leachate. ______

3. How is leachate collected and where is it taken? ______

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4. List at least 4 things that may be found in leachate. You may need to Google this.

5. What makes up the bottom two liners in a landfill? ______

6. Why are liners important? ______

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7. List at least 5-6 materials that are used to build a landfill. Do not list trash.

Trash

8. What is the purpose of using sanitary landfills rather than local dumps? ______

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9. List 4 major challenges associated with landfills. ______

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______STEP 2: POSTER DESIGN Objective: Design a landfill that minimizes the challenges listed in the pre-lab. You want to have the most effective landfill with minimal environmental damage.

Requirements:  You do NOT need to use all of the materials.  Your landfill MUST have a reasonable amount of food, oil and recyclables (i.e. do not fill the entire landfill with one item).  You must leave 1 inch of room from the top of the landfill.  Your final poster must be easy to read, clearly labeled and colored in.

A. Go and look at the materials that you can use to build your landfill. List the materials.

B. ROUGH DRAFT: Use the area below for a rough draft to design your landfill- sketch the bottle and decide how you want to layer the landfill with the materials. Keep in mind that you will have to build your landfill according to your design.

ROUGH DRAFT YOUR GROUP NEEDS TO HAVE THEIR ROUGH DRAFT APPROVED BEFORE MOVING ON!!!

C. Poster Design: Create a poster using the provided poster paper.

 Draw in the layers in your bottle and label the layers with the material that you plan on placing in that layer.

 Leave a space for the mass for each layer (which you will fill in tomorrow).

 You must have the following:

 Title  Landfill #  Group names  Sketch with & period color  All layers  Table like the one shown below with all ingredients listed, the labeled mass for each ingredient & the total mass of the landfill ingredients.

------Step 3: Building your Landfill

** You must build to your pre-approved drawn design! ** KEEP IN MIND:  DO NOT FILL THE LANDFILL OVER THE TOP OF THE CONTAINER  DO NOT FILL THE LANDFILL WITHIN 1 INCH OF THE TOP  DO NOT LEAVE THE BOTTLE CAP ON THE 2L BOTTLE Landfill Design Instructions

1. Get the 2L bottle and one or 2 materials to start. 2. Use the balance to mass the ingredients (IN GRAMS) as you add them in. For some ingredients, you will need to weigh a beaker, tare the balance and then weigh the ingredient. USE THE OIL CUP FOR THE OIL. 3. Write the mass on your poster next to the ingredient & in the bottom table. 4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for each of your ingredients. 5. As you add the ingredients, each layer should be roughly the same size of the layers on your poster. 6. At the bottom of the poster list the materials that you used and the total mass of each ingredient. For example: If you used soil in three places, add the mass of the soil in all 3 locations and total this next to the word soil at the bottom of your poster. 7. When your landfill is totally done, pour exactly 75 mL of water over the top of the landfill. Put the landfill and poster in the designated location and leave it to sit undisturbed.

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STEP 4: Analysis Questions

You must walk around to view the landfills in order to answer the following questions:

1. What are the goals of a sanitary landfill?

 To contain ______& other recyclable trash.

 To hide ______from the view of people who can see the landfill.

 To keep contaminated liquids also known as ______out of the land and groundwater.

2. What ingredients commonly had the greatest mass in the landfills? ______

3. Were these ingredients effective in preventing liquids from running out of the landfill?

4. Which 3 landfills were the most effective in fulfilling the goals of a landfill? ______

5. Why are these landfills the most effective? ______

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6. Which 3 landfills were the least effective in fulfilling the goals of a landfill? ______

7. Why are these landfills the least effective? ______

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8. Looking at all the designs, what should the bottom layer of the landfill be? ______

9. Why is this material the most appropriate? ______

10. How does this experiment relate to the need for properly designed landfills? ______

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11. Were the ingredients available for your use a valid representation of the materials found in our landfills? Why or why not? ______

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12. Imagine that there was a cap on the bottom of the bottle that cannot be removed. How could you build a leachate collection system that would drain the leachate, contain the leachate and keep it from flowing over the top? ______

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13. The liners that we currently use for landfills will eventually break down. Come up with a possible solution for how we can prevent landfill waste from leaking into the ground after the liners have broken down. ______

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