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The Great Monkey Trial</Article-Title> a number of experiments that might HISTORYAND PHILOSOPHY ment. Tennessee repealed its anti- well be performed in a course in elec- OF SCIENCE evolution law. Such laws still remain on the tronics for engineering students or A GUIDE TO SCIENCE AND INDEX TO THE books in Arkansas and Mis- In physics majors, but none of the basic LIFE SCIENCE LIBRARY, Editors of Life, sissippi. Little Rock, Mrs. Susan theorv is included. 208 pp., $3.95, Time-Like Books, Chi- Epperson's suit, putting forth the in- Richard Weidner cago, 1968. teresting claim that the Arkansas law Rutgers University The finale to a superb series and infringes on her civil rights, is now New Brunswick, N. J. one which has its place in the school before the United States Supreme as well as in the home. The response Court. Biology teachers are aware of to this series is not public knowledge the strenuous and successful efforts to NUCLEARPROPULSION FOR SPACE, U. S0. but it surely must have been tremen- list the BSCS textbooks in Texas and Atomic Energy Commission, Division dous. This one simply has illustrated Arizona, in the face of violent criti- of Technical Information, 56 pp., chapters summarizing the fields of cism of their evolutionary approach. Free, U. S. Atomic Energy Commis- science and then the index to all the Similar rashes of controversy, some sion. Washington, D.C. volumes. Even the chapter titles and overt and sensational, but many others A pamphlet outlining various forms subheads are informative and creative covert and unpublicized, break out in of nuclear propulsion for space vehi- in their ability to tell the story. many parts of the country. cles and suitable for junior high school Surely a series which is important for The four books under review pre- students and beyond. There is a clear all in science education. sent interesting aspects of this con- exposition of the principles involved tinuing hassle. The most informative of in rocket propulsion. Downloaded from http://online.ucpress.edu/abt/article-pdf/31/4/269/25515/4442554.pdf by guest on 25 September 2021 THE GREAT MONKEY TRIAL, L. Sprague the four is The Great Monkey Trial, DeCamp, Doubleday, New York, 1968. a definitive, interesting, thoroughly D-DAYS AT DAYTON/REFLECTIONS ON THE documented account of the Scopes EARTHSCIENCE SCOPES TRIAL, Jarry R. Tompkins, affair. In quite dramatic style DeCamp GROWTH OF A PREHISTORIC TIME SCALE, Ed., Louisiana State University Press, covers the background, the events of William B. N. Berry, 158 pp., $5.75, Baton Rouge, 1965. the trial itself, the consequences, and W. H. Freeman and Co., San Fran- CENTER OF THE STORM/MEMOIRS OF many side issues. There are profiles of cisco, California, 1968. JOHN T. SCOPES,John T. Scopes and Scopes, Bryan, Darrow, H. L. Mencken, The application of the principle James Presley, Rinehart and Winston, Attorney General Stewart, Judge Raul- of evolution through natural selec- 1967. ston, and others of the protagonists. tion to the interpretation of past time PREACHERSPEDAGOGUES AND POLITICIANS/ The author makes it clear that his provides the theme for this concise, THEEVOLUTION CONTROVERSY IN NORTH sympathies lie with the defendant but readable account of the evolution of CAROLINA 1920-1927, Willard D. his account is full and fair. To counter- the geologic time scale itself. The Gatewood, Jr., The University of act the many myths that have sprung author begins with a discussion of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, from the great monkey trial, and to early science in ancient Greece and 1966. put the whole extravaganza in per- the economic motive for the early At the conclusion of the Scopes spective, this information book will be study of rocks (mining), and then "monkey trial" in Dayton, Tennessee, invaluable for many years. traces the historical development of in 1925, Scopes, to nobody's surprise, The Tompkins book is a miscellany. the principles upon which the time was convicted of violating the State It includes a biographical sketch of scale is based. law which forbade "any teacher . Scopes by his co-author, a memoir All sorts of interesting anecdotes to teach any theory that denies the by Scopes himself, and essays by vari- concerning the history of modern story of the Divine Creation of man as ous other participants in, or observers, geology (and of modem science) are taught in the Bible, and to teach in- of the Dayton fracas. H. L. Mencken, included, and the student of biology stead that man descended from a Roger N. Baldwin, and Watson Davis will find the familiar names of Robert lower order of animals." The State are here in their own right, as well Hooke, de Lamarke, Wallace, and Dar- Supreme Court threw out the con- as several of the scientists who went win playing important roles in this viction on the technical ground that to Dayton to testify, but were never history. Chapter four contains an ex- the judge had levied the $100 fine, allowed to mount the witness stand. cellent discussion of the history of whereas in the Tennessee code a fine W. C. Curtis, Kirtley F. Mather, Fay- evolutionary thought with a wealth of of more than $50 must be set by a Cooper Cole, and Cole's son, LaMont information the biology teacher could jury. The Court also advised the State's Cole, are represented either by ac- use to supplement the limited amount Attorney to drop "this bizarre case;" counts of the trial or by affidavits found in most biology texts. which advice the prosecution was hap- submitted in lieu of testimony. Two Stress is placed on the role of mod- py to follow. theologians discuss the reconciliation ern biology-including ecology, bio- There was a widespread feeling at of biology with religion. chemistry, biogeography, and genetics the time that with the termination of Scopes' autobiographical memoir, -in the interpretation of the fossil rec- this celebrated case, the evolutionists written in collaboration with Presley ord. Contemporary research in geology had won a great victory, and that the is in effect an expansion of the brief is discussed, including the use of living teaching of evolution was no longer sketch in the Tompkins volume. The organisms to gain inferences about the a live issue in the United States. It reviewer has had the pleasure of meet- response of past organisms to environ- has long seemed to this reviewer that ing Scopes in his retirement home, mental changes. such an optimistic attitude greatly Shreveport, Louisiana, and can affirm The book is not intended for high underestimates the tenacity and that the spirit of the man comes school biology students, but is cer- strength of the anti-evolution move- through admirably in both books. tainly recommended to biology teach- ment. Last year, in compliance with Scopes was not a biology teacher by ers with a limited background in geol- the old law, Gary Scott was discharged profession. He does not remember ogy and to those students who are par- from his teaching position in Mem- teaching a lesson on evolution in the ticularly interested in geology, evolu- phis for teaching evolution, though biology class in which he was serving tion, or paleontology. the intervention of NSTA and other as a temporary substitute, but agreed Jay E. Anderson interested groups quickly scotched this to plead guilty to doing so merely to Biological Research Laboratories action; and shortly thereafter, as a setup a test case. After the trial, he Syracuse University consequence of legislative reapportion- ended his brief teaching career, and BOOKREVIEWS 269 spent his working life as a petroleum their faith compete in the free market- A good basic book for all those in geologist. He regards evolution simply place without the aid of legislative biology teaching. as part of the background of an edu- props rather than risk a violation of cated man; his motivation in helping the principle of separation of state and HYPOTHESIS, PREDICTION, AND IMPLICA- to provoke the case was a strong be- church. Others feared that such legis- TION IN BIOLOGY, Jeffrey J. W. Baker lief in academic freedom, that a teacher lation would tarnish the state's reputa- and Garland E. Allen, 143 pp., Addi- should have the right to present what tion for progress . The notoriety son-Wesley Publishing Co., Reading, he and the learned world regard as gained by Tennessee as a result of Massachusetts, 1968. current truth, without inhibition by the Scopes Trial increased such appre- A paperback written as a com- restrictive and obscurantist state laws. hension... The outcome of the evolu- panion piece to the authors' previous When Inherit the Wind came out as tion controversy in North Carolina has books in general biology. This is an a motion picture, the producers staged been hailed as a victory for academic interesting and unusual book in that a world premiere in Dayton, which freedom.... (But) despite rapid prog- the treatment is on the "scientific- Scopes attended. The town made much ress in the qualification of teachers method," anathema as that term is to of him, and the state unveiled a plaque after World War I, a large percentage the professional scientists and to the memorializing the trial in front of the of the teachers-.. possessed little more authors. Thus, their approach to teach- court house where it occurred. Scopes academic training or intellectual so- ing about scientific methodology re- has warm feelings for the townspeople, phistication than the majority of their lies primarily on logical induction and which they reciprocate; but he does patrons. Their appreciation and under- deduction explanations. not think their ideas concerning evolu- standing of academic freedom was The initial treatment is a state- tion have changed substantially since probably no more acute than that of the ment of major generalization of bi- Downloaded from http://online.ucpress.edu/abt/article-pdf/31/4/269/25515/4442554.pdf by guest on 25 September 2021 1925.
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