ISSN 1450-5460 UDK 32 No. 1/2015 Year VII Vol. 11

Emilija Manić Slaviša Orlović Milomir Stepić Slađana Mladenović Siniša Atlagić Dušan Proroković Slobodan Janković Milan Krstić Aleksandar Gajić Ana Čekerevac Vanja G. Rokvić Aleksandra Kolaković Mladen Lišanin ISSN 1450-5460 UDK 32 No. 1/2015 Year VII Vol. 11. Institute for Political Studies 1 ISSN 1450-5460 U DK N o. 1-2/2010 II Vol. 2 Serbian Political Thought ISSN 1450-5460 UDK 32 No. 1/2015 Year VII VolI. 11 Serbian Political Thought is published two times a year Serbian Political Thought was founded in 1996 and publishing was renewed in 2010. Publisher Institute for Political Studies Svetozara Markovića 36, Belgrade, Telephone +381 11 33 49 204, +381 11 30 39 380 www.sptips.rs www.ipsbgd.edu.rs e-mail: [email protected] Editor in Chief Živojin Đurić Deputiy editor in chief and Editor of English edition Đorđe Stojanović Executive Editors Dejana Vukčević, Miša Stojadinović Foreign Editorial Board Mamoru Sadakata, Dean/Professor, Graduate School of Law, Nagoya University, Nagoya Iver B. Neumann, Research Director, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs, Oslo Dumitru Batar, Dean/Professor, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, University “Lucian Blaga” of Sibiu Anastasia Mitrofanova, Professor, Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow; Research Director, Center for Euro-Atlantic Studies, Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Affairs Ministry, Moscow Goran Kovacic, Associated Professor, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ljubljana Domestic Editorial Board Milan Jovanović, Faculty of Political Sciences, University of Belgrade Dušan Pavlović, Faculty of Political Sciences, University of Belgrade Zoran Stojiljković, Faculty of Political Sciences, University of Belgrade Ljubiša Despotović, Institute for Political Studies, Belgrade Živojin Đurić, Institute for Political Studies, Belgrade Đorđe Stojanović, Institute for Political Studies, Belgrade Dejana Vukčević, Institute for Political Studies, Belgrade Secretaries of the Journal Mladen Lišanin, Dragan Trailović, Slađana Mladenović Translators Ana Matić Milica Bjelobaba Graphic Designer Miroslava Karajanković Printed by ESELOGE d.o.o. Belgrade 300 copies 2 Contents Emilija Manić, Milomir Stepić Geopolitical and Geoeconomical Causes of the First World War 5 Siniša Atlagić International Positioning of Serbia in the Era of Pax Americana 27 Slobodan Janković Aleksandar Gajić EU Security Policy in North Africa and in the Middle East 39 Vanja G. Rokvić Zoran S. Jeftić The Serbian Armed Forces as the Postmodern Military 71 Slaviša Orlović The Influence of Electoral System on Party Fragmentation in Serbian Parliament 91 Slađana Mladenović Accountability of European Regulatory Agencies Between the Delegation of Powers and Public Accountability Models 107 Dušan Proroković The End of History, Culture of Megalopolis and Geopolitics of Polis 123 Milan Krstić Securitization Theory and Floods in Serbia: the Case of Social Networks 133 3 Ana Čekerevac Emerging of the Socialist Welfare States in Serbia and Montenegro 149 Book review Aleksandra Kolaković Ljiljana Rogač Mijatović, Cultural Diplomacy and Identity of Serbia, Belgrade: Faculty of Dramatic Arts, Institute for Theatre, Film, Radio and Television, Clio, 2014. 173 Journal review Mladen Lišanin Srpska politička misao: Posebno izdanje [special issue] (Edited by Đorđe Stojanović and Dušan Pavlović); Institute for Political Studies, Belgrade, 2014. 181 Citing and Referencing 185 4 Institute for Political Studies UDC 94(100)“1914/1918“:[327::911.3+339.92 Serbian Political Thought Manuscript received: 15.02.2015. No. 1/2015, Accepted for publishing: 17.03.2015. Year Vll, Vol. 11 Original scientific paper pp. 5-26 Emilija Manić1 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Economics Milomir Stepić2 Institute for Political Studies, Belgrade Geopolitical and Geoeconomical Causes of the First World War Abstract Although the whole century has gone since the First World War, the im- mediate cause and reasons for its beginning has been again in the centre, not so much of scientific objective research, but in the centre of contemporary, political changeable relativized research of those who were challengers and those who were induced. In the order of that aim are the efforts to rename the Sara- jevo assassination, which is undoubtedly determined as the direct cause of the War, into its reason, which essence is much more complex. The real reason for the beginning of the First World War should be looked for in the confrontation of the great European and world powers – the process which had lasted at least half century before the War actually began. Basically there is an expansionism of two complementary Central European countries: the Austro Hungarian Em- pire and Germany. The Austro Hungarian Empire, in which the Slavs were ma- jority, had been trying to strengthen the ethnical-political cohesion within its boundaries, while the foreign political aim was to penetrate to the Aegean port Salonika at the eastern Mediterranean. Serbia had been perceived as “disrup- tive factor”, especially after the expansion achieved in the Balkan’s wars. Ger- 1 Associate professor [email protected] This paper was developed in the framework of the Project “The role of state in the new model of economic growth of Serbia” (№ 179065), funded by the Ministry of education and science of the Republic of Serbia. 2 Senior research fellow [email protected] This paper was developed in the framework of the Project “Democratic and national capacities of political institutions in the process of international integrations” (№ 179009), funded by the Ministry of education and science of the Republic of Serbia. 5 many, since it had united only in the second half of the XIX century, has been unsatisfied with the established colonial division of the world. It couldn’t be a concurrent to France, Great Britain and Russia such territorially squeezed in the Central Europe. Because of that, Germany had decided to take “Drang nach Osten” as its geopolitical and geoeconomical orientation (“The Bagdad Idea”). The realization of this plan would represent the continental competition to the Great Britain marine “The Big Imperial Way” and the cutting the Britain im- peria into two parts. In that context, Serbia was identified as “The Gatekeeper of the Orient” to the British, and to the Germans was the only obstacle on its “strategic diagonal” from the North Sea to the Persian Gulf. Preparing for the War, the great powers, in accordance with their own geopolitical and geoeconomical interests, included small countries in their military alliances, which they formed many years before the 1914. Keywords: The First World War, geopolitical and geoeconomical reasons, Great Powers, Serbia. 1. Between the Causes and Motives of War New terminology and conjoined narratives took special place in the system of postmodern transformations and the process of build- ing unipolar order. The changes to the meanings of old terms, the ap- pearance of amorphous, mutated and confusing ones, the adaptation of the terminology to the new reality and the introduction of many, often tendentiously inaccurate neologisms, were accompanied by attempts at the “politically correct” (re)interpretation of the past. The interpretation of events depended less and less on the facts, on undisputed histor- ical sources and objective scientific approaches. This was increasingly influenced by the existing position in the hierarchy of power and the need to “cleanse the biographies” of the former war perpetrators and losers, who, in the meantime, had again become not only exemplary members of the “European family”, but also the fulcrum of the United States as the global hegemon on its “most essential geopolitical bridge- head on the Eurasian continent” (Bžežinski 2001: 57). The 100th anniversary of these significant events, on which the at- tention not only of science and politics, but also of the the media as a powerful instrument of modern geopolitics is focused, presents a suit- able opportunity to plunge back into the past. The centenary of the beginning of the First World War has again returned the focus of inter- est onto the reconsideration of the position of its actors, especially that of the direct instigators and those who rose up to defend themselves. However, the relations between the powerful countries in 2014 differ 6 Emilija Manic, Milomir Stepic Geopolitical and Geoeconomical Causes of the First World War significantly from the balance of power in 1914. Bipolarisation resulted in most of the former rival forces from the two world wars (exclud- ing Russia) gathering within the same economic-political-military in- tegration (EU-NATO), which personifies Western civilization.3 That civilisation was and has remained geo-culturally, geo-politically and geo-economically opposed to Russia, the axle of the Eastern, (Neo) Byzantine, Orthodox civilization. Membership of the winning Cold War camp and the new post-cold war constellation provided an opportunity for strengthened Germany, and Austria and Hungary along with it, to relativize the causes and motives of the First World War in which they were defeated. By default, the causes of war are long-standing rivalries and the attempts of one side to change the existing layout of positions in bilateral or multilateral relations, i.e. on the regional, (trans)continental / (trans) oceanic or global plane. The causes of war are defined by economic, military-strategic, political, religious, civic and other interests, and the main goal has always

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