If These Monuments Could Talk: the Whiskey Rebellion, Popular Rights, and the Meaning of the First Amendment February 24, 2018
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S4292 Thomas Gaddis
Southern Campaigns American Revolution Pension Statements and Rosters Pension Application of Thomas Gaddis S4292 VA PA Transcribed and annotated by C. Leon Harris. Revised 20 Apr 2016. The State of Ohio Clinton County Sct On this 15th day of October 1832 personally appeared before Jesse Hughes one of the associate Judges of the Court of Common Pleas in and for Clinton County Ohio at his residence in said County Colonel Thomas Gaddis who being by me first duly sworn according to law doth on his oath make the following declaration in order to obtain the benefit of the act of Congress passed June the 7th 1832 That he has no record of his age but from information upon which he can rely believes that he was born on the 28th day of December 1742 in Frederick County in the State of Virginia and is now about 90 years of age That he entered the service of the United States in the Militia of Virginia under the following circumstances and served as hereinafter stated towit That having removed into the Frontier County of Monongahela [sic: Monongalia] in said state he was appointed and duly commissioned as a Captain of that County by the Committee of Safety of said State on the 23d day of August 1776 which is herewith forwarded marked No 1 under which appointment and by order of said Committee he immediately entered the service aforesaid and by the 9th of September following raised a company of Militia and proceeded to build what was afterwards known as Fort Liberty in said County [2 mi S of present Uniontown now in Pennsylvania] whose said company continued under his command until the 1st day of January 1777 as will also appear by the Roll, General orders and copy of the pay Roll of said Company herewith forwarded marked Nos. -
Summer 2020 REDO for Online.Indd
Summer 2020 REVISED Summer 2020 at | cmu.edu/osher w CONSIDER A GIFT TO OSHER To make a contribution to the Osher 4.0 Capital Project, please call the office at 412.268.7489, go through the Osher website with a credit card, or mail a check to the office. All checks must be made payable to: "Carnegie Mellon University," with a memo of "Osher 4.0 Capital Project". Thank you in advance for your generosity. BOARD OF DIRECTORS CURRICULUM COMMITTEE OFFICE STAFF Jim Reitz, President Gary Bates Lyn Decker, Executive Director Allan Hribar, Vice-President Lester Berkowitz Olivia McCann, Administrator / Programs Jan Hawkins, Secretary John Brown Chelsea Prestia, Administrator / Publications Marcia Taylor, Treasurer Maureen Brown Kate Lehman, Administrator / General Office John Olmsted, Past President Flip Conti Ann Augustine Jan Davis Rosalie Barsotti Lyn Decker CATALOG EDITORS Gary Bates Mary Duquin Chelsea Prestia, Editor Jeffrey Holst Anna Estop Olivia McCann Ann Isaac Byron Gottfried Helen-Faye Rosenblum Raja Sooriamurthi Marilyn Maiello Rosalyn Treger Jeffrey Swoger Enid Miller Kate Lehman Randy Weinberg Helen-Faye Rosenblum Mark Winer Judy Rubinstein CONTACT INFORMATION Rochelle Steiner Osher Lifelong Learning Institute Jeffrey Swoger Carnegie Mellon University Rebecca Culyba, Randy Weinberg Associate Provost 4614 Wean Hall and University Liaison 5000 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3815 Please include your return address on all mail sent to the Osher office. Phone: 412.268.7489 Email: [email protected] Website: cmu.edu/osher ON THE COVER Though the Gates and Hillman Centers usually provide a space for intellectual stimulation, the outdoor volleyball court allows for a sense of relaxation and rejuvenation for the CMU community. -
Woodlawn Historic District in Fairfax Co VA
a l i i Woodlawn was a gift from George Washington In 1846, a group of northern Quakers purchased n a i r g to his step-granddaughter, Eleanor “Nelly” the estate. Their aim was to create a farming T r i e Custis, on her marriage to his nephew Lawrence community of free African Americans and white V , TION ag A y t V i t Lewis. Washington selected the home site settlers to prove that small farms could succeed r e himself, carving nearly 2,000 acres from his with free labor in this slave-holding state. oun H Mount Vernon Estate. It included Washington’s C ac x Gristmill & Distillery (below), the largest producer The Quakers lived and worshipped in the a f om Woodlawn home until their more modest r t of whiskey in America at the time. o ai farmhouses and meetinghouse (below) were F P Completed in 1805, the Woodlawn Home soon built. Over forty families from Quaker, Baptist, TIONAL TRUST FOR HISTORIC PRESER became a cultural center. The Lewises hosted and Methodist faiths joined this diverse, ”free- many notable guests, including John Adams, labor” settlement that fl ourished into the early Robert E. Lee and the Marquis de Lafayette. 20th century. TESY OF THE NA COUR t Woodlawn became the fi rst property c of The National Trust for Historic Preservation in 1951. This private non- ri profi t is dedicated to working with t communities to save historic places. s i When construction of Route 66 threatened the nearby Pope-Leighey House (below), designed by renowned D architect Frank Lloyd Wright, the c National Trust relocated this historic home to Woodlawn. -
THE Whiskey Insurrection of 1794 Long Has Been Regarded As One of the Decisive Events in Early American History
THE WHISKEY INSURRECTION: A RE-EVALUATION By JACOB E. COOKE* THE Whiskey Insurrection of 1794 long has been regarded as one of the decisive events in early American history. But on the question of why it was significant there has been a century and a half of disagreement. Fortunately for the historian, how- ever, there have not been many interpretations; indeed, there have been only two. And, as anyone would guess, these have been the Federalist and the anti-Federalist, the Hamiltonian and the Jeffersonian. It is not the purpose of this paper to describe the fluctuating historical reputations of Jefferson and Hamilton; at one period of time (say, *the Jacksonian era) Jefferson was in the ascendancy; at another time (say, the post-Civil War period) Hamilton crowded Jefferson out of the American historical hall of fame. But for the past half-century and longer, the interpretation that our historians have given to the American past has been predi- cated on a Jeffersonian bias, and the Whiskey Insurrection is no exception. The generally accepted interpretation of the Whiskey Insur- rection reads something like this: In March, 1791, under the prodding of Alexander Hamilton and against the opposition of the Westerners and some Southerners, Congress levied an excise tax on whiskey. This measure was an integral part of Hamilton's financial plan, a plan which was designed to soak the farmer and to spare the rich. There was sporadic opposition to the excise in several parts of the country, but the seat of opposition was in the four western counties of Pennsylvania. -
Mount Rushmore
MOUNT RUSHMORE National Memorial SOUTH DAKOTA of Mount Rushmore. This robust man with The model was first measured by fastening a his great variety of interests and talents left horizontal bar on the top and center of the head. As this extended out over the face a plumb bob MOUNT RUSHMORE his mark on his country. His career encom was dropped to the point of the nose, or other passed roles of political reformer, trust buster, projections of the face. Since the model of Wash rancher, soldier, writer, historian, explorer, ington's face was five feet tall, these measurements hunter, conservationist, and vigorous execu were then multiplied by twelve and transferred to NATIONAL MEMORIAL the mountain by using a similar but larger device. tive of his country. He was equally at home Instead of a small beam, a thirty-foot swinging on the western range, in an eastern drawing Four giants of American history are memorialized here in lasting granite, their likenesses boom was used, connected to the stone which would room, or at the Court of St. James. He typi ultimately be the top of Washington's head and carved in proportions symbolical of greatness. fied the virile American of the last quarter extending over the granite cliff. A plumb bob of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th was lowered from the boom. The problem was to adjust the measurements from the scale of the centuries. More than most Presidents, he and he presided over the Constitutional Con model to the mountain. The first step was to locate On the granite face of 6,000-foot high knew the West. -
THE CORRESPONDENCE of ISAAC CRAIG DURING the WHISKEY REBELLION Edited by Kenneth A
"SUCH DISORDERS CAN ONLY BE CURED BY COPIOUS BLEEDINGS": THE CORRESPONDENCE OF ISAAC CRAIG DURING THE WHISKEY REBELLION Edited by Kenneth A. White of the surprisingly underutilized sources on the early history Oneof Pittsburgh is the Craig Papers. Acase inpoint is Isaac Craig's correspondence during the Whiskey Rebellion. Although some of his letters from that period have been published, 1 most have not. This omission is particularly curious, because only a few eyewitness ac- counts of the insurrection exist and most ofthose were written from an Antifederalist viewpoint. These letters have a value beyond the narration of events, how- ever. One of the questions debated by historians is why the federal government resorted to force to put down the insurrection. Many have blamed Alexander Hamilton for the action, attributing it to his per- sonal approach to problems or to his desire to strengthen the central government. 2 These critics tend to overlook one fact : government officials make decisions based not only on their personal philosophy but also on the facts available to them. As a federal officer on the scene, Craig provided Washington and his cabinet with their informa- Kenneth White received his B.A. and M.A.degrees from Duquesne Uni- versity. While working on his master's degree he completed internships with the Adams Papers and the Institute of Early American History and Culture. Mr. White is presently working as a fieldarchivist for the Pennsylvania His- torical and Museum Commission's County Records Survey and Planning Study.— Editor 1 Portions of this correspondence have been published. For example, all or parts of six of these letters appeared in Harold C. -
Artist, Attorney Present Two Views of the Innocence Project by Beth Orbison, Esq
the side bar THE NEWSLETTER OF THE WESTMORELAND BAR ASSOCIATION VOLUME XXI, NUMBER 4 AUGUST 2009 Wrongful Convictions Artist, Attorney Present Two Views of The Innocence Project by Beth Orbison, Esq. is a series of breathtaking portraits done in an rongful expressionistic style that convictions are depicts the complicated, W not isolated, emotional landscapes of rare events. Innocent men who have suffered people languishing in years of incarceration prison or worse—being put for crimes they did not to death for crimes they did commit. In doing these not commit—should be paintings for the exhibit— intolerable to everyone,” simply entitled “Resurrected” says Dan Bolick about why in the Walsh Gallery at the he was inspired to paint Westmoreland Museum larger-than-life portraits of until September 6, 2009— ten wrongfully convicted L Bolick wanted to humanize men who were exonerated Artist Daniel Bolick and Innocence Project Staff Attorney Craig the men, literally giving a as a result of the efforts of Cooley were the featured speakers at the WBA Summer Quarterly face to their plight, and to The Innocence Project. Meeting held at the Westmoreland Museum of American Art in July. demonstrate that this could The Innocence Project is happen to anyone. an organization dedicated to using the meeting at the Westmoreland Museum Mr. Cooley, a native of Plum latest scientific evidence to exonerate of American Art where featured Borough in Allegheny County, is wrongfully convicted men and women. speakers—artist Daniel Bolick and one of six full-time staff attorneys who Founded in 1992 by Barry C. Scheck Craig M. -
Mount Vernon Distillery Project: of Workers and Race
kelly UW-L Journal of Undergraduate Research XIII (2010) Mount Vernon Distillery Project: Of Workers and Race Elizabeth Kelly Faculty Sponsors: Timothy McAndrews and David Anderson, Department of Sociology and Archaeology ABSTRACT The domestic artifacts of the Mount Vernon distillery site offer data on the lives of white workers. In comparing the domestic glass and ceramic artifacts of the distillery with comparable glass and ceramic data found at the slave site House for Families, the similarities and differences between the two groups can be seen. The artifact comparison may make it possible to determine if slave workers lived at the distillery along with the white workers. The artifact comparison showed that slaves and white workers were similar in being limited by their means. The existence of slave workers living at the distillery could not be determined at this time; however, potential areas for future analysis were presented. INTRODUCTION Historical archaeology is a discipline that has seen a shift in its focus over the years. The original interest of historical archaeology lay with the leaders of America. Archaeologists and historians studied and researched primarily the men who shaped and developed America. During the Civil Rights movement and other social movements of the 60's and 70's, historical archaeologists changed their focus. While there is still a strong interest in significant historical figures, there is a strong interest in historical archaeology concerning women, children, and slaves. This grouping had previously been neglected but was now the forefront of interest. Despite this focus on the less powerful of society, I have still found there to be a significant gap in research. -
The Trial of David Bradford by William Cameron © 2019 Page | 1 (A
The Trial of David Bradford by William Cameron © 2019 P a g e | 1 (A courtroom. The actor portraying Daniel REDICK, in plain contemporary dress, addresses the audience.) REDICK David Bradford got away. The Whiskey Rebellion’s notorious leader escaped and never faced trial for his allegedly treasonous actions during the Insurrection of 1794. According to the tale that everyone tells but no one believes, David Bradford was enjoying the comforts of his palatial home, perhaps enjoying a whiskey, when word came that a cavalry unit with orders to arrest him was just outside the gate. Our intrepid protagonist leapt from a rear second-story window onto his faithful steed who, by some miracle, was not only saddled up and ready to go, but knew just where to stand. David then rode off into the autumn night, the cavalry hot on his trail but clearly no match for his superior horsemanship. (The actor begins to don his costume—suitable for a prominent attorney in 1795 America.) It’s nonsense, of course. In truth, Bradford left town in a most unhurried fashion and traveled in relative comfort on a coal barge down the Ohio River. I’m sure it was a most pleasant voyage. (Beat, as the actor dons his wig, continues to prepare.) I like to believe David Bradford made up that first story himself. It does allow him a mythical status that, perhaps, he deserves. Of course, he could’ve secured that status in another way, and that is what brings us here this evening. Let’s imagine, shall we, that, oh…say, when David Bradford leapt from that rear window, his horse wasn’t quite so accommodating, and the poor man ended up on his seditious backside in the rose bushes. -
UNION and SOUTH UNION TOWNSHIPS. 669 - - - - in the " Pap Schools" of Ireland
Digital Scan by Fay-West.com. All Rights Reserved. ' NORTH UNION AND SOUTH UNION TOWNSHIPS. 669 - - - - in the " pap schools" of Ireland. At an early age he she dying about' five years before her husband. They learned the carpenter's trade in all its branches. had eight children,--Catharine and William died When twenty-two years of age he emigrated to young; Jacob married Caroline Gaddis, and is a America. He stopped in Philadelphia for a short farmer ; Albert Gallatin graduated at Jefferson Col- lege, read law, and pacticed in Jonesboro7, Tenn. ; he was also editor of the Jonesboro' Union, and is now dead. Margaret married L. B. Bowie; Thomas Baird, who attended Emory and Henry College, near Ab- ingdon, Va., read law and graduated from the Leb- anon Law Schoolof Cumberland University, Lebanon, Tenn., and practiced in Tennessee, Missouri, and at Pittsburgh, Pa., for several years. He is now en- gaged in farming. .Hugh died when eighteen years of age; Jennie G. married William Thorndell, de- ceased. Mr. Graham held several important township offi- ces; was also director of the Poor Board. In all public positions he discharged his duties well. He was a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church for a number of years. Although his early opportunities for education were limited, he by care- ful study during his spare moments stored his mind with a vast fund of useful knowledge. He possessed a retentive memory, and having once learned a fact he was able to repeat and detail it with the ease and grace of the true gentleman. -
TPS Eastern Region Waynesburg University Barb Kirby, Director
TPS Eastern Region Waynesburg University Barb Kirby, Director Whiskey Rebellion Primary Source Set June 2018 Note: Transcripts for newspaper clippings appear on the page following the image. Click on title to view Primary Source The Excise Tax Excise Tax Act 1791 2 Alexander Hamilton on the Tax 1791 4 Albert Gallatin’s Petition Against the Tax 1792 6 1792 Meeting in Pittsburgh to Protest the Tax 7 The Rebels Protests Raising the Liberty Pole 9 Fort Gaddis Liberty Pole 10 Tarring and Feathering 11 Burning Cabin 12 Tom the Tinker Notice 13 Parkinson’s Ferry Meeting 15 Postal Theft and meeting in Braddock’s Field 17 Counsel Before the Attack at General Neville’s House 19 The Federal Reaction The Terrible Night (Image) 20 The Dreadful Night Text) 21 Washington’s Proclamation 22 Washington Calls Out the Militia 24 U.S. vs Vigol Trial 25 Vegol and Mitchell Sentencing 27 President Washington Pardons Vigol and Mitchell 29 Bradford Wanted Poster 30 President Adams Pardons David Bradford 32 2 Excise Tax 1791 A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774 – 1875 1st Congress, 3rd Session p. 199 http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=001/llsl001.db&recNum=322 3 Excise Tax 1791 (continued) A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774 – 1875 1st Congress, 3rd Session p. 203 http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=001/llsl001.db&recNum=322 4 Alexander Hamilton And The Whiskey Tax Simon, Steve. Alexander Hamilton and the Whiskey Tax. -
The American Revolution: Political Upheaval Led to U.S. Independence by History.Com, Adapted by Newsela Staff on 05.12.17 Word Count 740 Level 800L
The American Revolution: Political Upheaval Led to U.S. Independence By History.com, adapted by Newsela staff on 05.12.17 Word Count 740 Level 800L Continental Army Commander-in-Chief George Washington leads his soldiers in the Battle of Princeton on January 3, 1777. Photo from Wikimedia The American Revolution was fought from 1775 to 1783. It is also known as the American Revolutionary War. In 1775, America was made up of 13 colonies, governed by the king in England. The people who lived there, known as colonists, thought the British government was unfair. Soon, fighting began between British troops and colonial rebels. By the following summer, the rebels had formed the Continental Army and were fighting a war for their independence. Trouble had been building France assisted the Continental Army. Together, they forced the British to surrender in 1781. Americans had won their independence by 1783. Well before that, by 1775, trouble had been building between colonists and the British authorities for more than 10 years. The British government tried to make more money off the colonies. They collected taxes on sugar, stamps, tea and other goods. This article is available at 5 reading levels at https://newsela.com. 1 This angered many colonists. They hated paying taxes to the British government while not being able to vote or govern themselves. They wanted the same rights as other British citizens. Declaration of rights In 1770, British soldiers shot and killed five colonists in Boston, Massachusetts. It was called the Boston Massacre. In December 1773, a band of Bostonians dressed up as Native Americans.