The Production of Phenolics-Degmding Enzymes In

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Production of Phenolics-Degmding Enzymes In Université d'Ottawa University of Ottawa The Production of Phenolics-Degmding Enzymes in Submerged and Solid State Fermentation and the Decrease in Pheaolic Content of Cano1a Meal using the White-Rot Fungus Pleurotus ostreatus A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies and Research in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Applied Science In the Department of Chernical Engineering University of Ottawa National Library Bibliothèque nationale du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395. rue Wellington OnawaON KlAOFJQ ORawaON KlAW Canada Canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une Licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Libraxy of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sell reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/film~de reproduction sur papier ou sur fonnaî électronique. The author retauis ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts f?om it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. Abstract Canola meal (CM) is a by-pduct of canola oil production. Because of the high nutritional composition CM bas, it is often used as a protein source for livestock feeding. However, its usage is Mted due to the presence of sow undesirable compounds in CM, such as glucosinolates, phytic acid and phenolic wmpounds (mainly siuapic acid esters- SAE). Phenolic compounds ducethe digestibility of proteins in CM, and they are also responsible for the datk color and bittemess of the meal. The objectives of this research project were: 1) to study the production of phenolics-degrading enzymes secreted by the white-rot huigus Pleurotus ostireutus in submerged and solid state fermentation processes; 2) to examine the degradation of phenolic compounds in CM during solid state process. The effects of some operating parameters on enzyme production were investigated during the submerged process. It was found that the growth of biomass and enzyme production depended on the initial glucose concentration. An optimum of 4% was found for the enzyme production. An increase in inoculum concentration helped the initial biomass growth. However, the maximum enzyme activity was not found in the cuhve with the largest amount of inoculum. In the study of the effect of oxygen concentration, it was found that inhibition of enzyme production occurred at high concentrations of oxygen. Among the five chemical inducers tested, 2,s-xylidine was found to cause the highest increase in enzyme production, around 1.8 folds. When the effect of CM was studied, an optimum of 3% of CM was found for the enzyme production during the submerged process. Enzyme prepared hm the submerged process was characterized using three substrates, sinapic acid (SA), sinapine (SIN) and sinapaldehyde (SALD). The results showed that the enzyme was inhibited by high concentrations of aii three substrates. The optimum pH values were 4.4, 5.0 and 4.7, using SA, SIN and SALD as the substrates, respectively. The optima temperatures for enzyme activity were in the range of 40°C to 60°C for ali three substrates. The production of eqeand degradation of phenolics during solid state process were studied. The effst of moisture content was important for enzyme production and the optimum was around 60%- However, the highest rate of SAE degradation was found in the culture with the highest moistute content tested, at 75%. The highest enzyme activity was in the culture with the lowest inoculum concentration tested. The results indicated that rapid growth of biomass in later stage of the process helped the production of enzyme. An increase in homogenization time resulted in increases in biomass and enzyme production. However, the effect was not obvious on SAE degradation. Larger particle size of the CM favored the production of enzyme, biomass and the degradation of SAE. Three surfactants, Triton X-100, Tween 80 and sodium oleate, were tested for their effects on the solid state process. Sodium oleate was found to cause the highest increase in enzyme production, at about 40%. Modeling of biomass and enzyme production, as well as SAE degradation during solid state process have been attempted. The modeling equations were based on a logistic kinetic equaîion for biomass production. These equations were not able to fit al1 experimental data weii. Better fitting was found when there was a short or no lag phase in biomass growth during the solid state process. Résumé Les tourteaux de canola (CM) sont des sous-produits du procéd6 de pressage des graines oltagineuses de canola. Étant domé leur contenu élevé en valeur nutritive, ils sont utilisés comme source de protéines dans l'alimentation animale. Cependant, leur usage est 1-td dû B la présence de composés indésirables tels des glucosinates, de i'acide phytique et des composés phholiques (principalement les estères de l'acide sinapique, SAE). La présence de composés phénoliques occasionne la digestion difncile des protéines présente dans les tourteaux et sont également responsables de la coioration foncée et du goût amère des tourteaux. Les objectifs de ce projet étaient: 1) d'étudier la production d'enzymes dégradantes des composés phénoliques par la moisissure Pleurotus ostreatur en milieu de culture submergée et en milieu de culture solide; 2) d'étudier la dégradation des composés phénoliques présents dans les tourteaux de canola en milieu de cuiture solide. Les effets de certains paramètres d'opération sur la production d'enzyme ont été étudiés lors du procédé en milieu de culture submergée. Il a été démontré que la croissance de biomasse ainsi que la production d'enzyme dépendent de la concentration initiale de glucose dans le milieu de culture. La production d'enzyme est optimum à une concentration de glucose de 4%. Une augmentation de la concentration initiale de biomasse aide à la croissance initiale mais l'activité enzymatique maximum n'a pas été observée en milieu contenant la plus grande quantité de biomasse. Lors de l'étude de l'effet de la concentration d'oxygène, il a été démontré que la production d'enzyme est inhibée à des concentrations d'oxygène élevées. Parmi les 5 inducteurs chimiques testés, 2,5-xylidine provoque la plus grande augmentation de production d'enzyme, ce par un facteur d'environ 1-8. Lorsque l'effet des tourteaux de canola a été étudié, un optimum de 3% de CM a été obtenu pour la production d'enzyme en culture submergée. La charactérisation d'enzyme produite a partir de cultures submergées était effectuée en utilisant trois substrats: l'acide sinapique (SA), le sinapine (SIN), et .-- Ill l'aldéhyde de l'acide sinapique (SALD). Les résultats démontrent que l'enyme est inhibée par des concentmiions tlevées & chacun de ces substrats, Les pH optimum sont respectivement de 4.4, 5.0 et 4.7 en utilisant SA, SIN, et SALD comme substrat- Les températures optimum pour l'activité eiiymstique varient entre 4û°C et 6û°C pour les trois substrats, La production d'enyme et la dégradation des composés phénoliques lors du procédé en milieu de culture solide ont été 6tudiées. L'effet du contenu en eau était important pour la production d'enzyme et roptimum a été déteminé wmme étant un contenu d'eau de 60%. Par contre, le taux de dégradation de SAE le plus élevé a étd observé dans les cultures contenant la plus grande quantité d'eau testée, soit 75%. L'activité enzymatique la plus étevée a été observée dans les cultures contenant la plus petite quantité de biomasse initiale. Les résultats indiquent que la croissance rapide de biomasse dans les stages avancés du procéâé aide it la production d'enzyme. Une augmentation du temps d'homogénisation résulte en une augmentation de biomasse et de production d'enzyme mais ces effets ne sont pas évidents sur la dégradation de SAE. Une grosseur de particules plus élevée des tourteaux de canola favorise la production d'enzyme, la croissance de biomasse et la dégradation de SAE. Trois sdactants, Triton X-100, Tween 80 et le sodium d'oléate ont été testés pour leurs effets sur le procédé en milieu de culture solide. Le sodium d'olkate cause la plus gande augmentation dans la production d'enyme, ce a 40%. La modélisation de la croissance de biomasse et de la production d'enzyme, ainsi que de la dégradation de SAE lors du procédé en milieu de culture solide ont été tenté. Les équations étaient basées sur l'équation logistique de la cinétique de la croissance de biomasse. Ces équations n'ont pas été efficaces à représenter toutes les données expérimentales. De meiliews résultats ont été obtenus lorsque la période latente de croissance était courte ou absente. Acknowledgements 1 would iike to express my gratitude to Dr. Dwnjak for his guidance and encouragement throughout this project. I would like to thank the Natural Science and Engineering Reseamh Council (NSERC) for its scholarship. Many th& are also extended to Mr. Jeff Woods, Mr. Hasan Atiyeh and Ms. My-Hanh Luu, for their help and encouragement. 1 am forever thanlcflll to my patents, my sister Jinghong and my fnend Yidong for their love, support and encouragement. Abbreviations ABTS - 2J'~aPnobi~3~thylbenthiau,line-6-sulfonicacid)
Recommended publications
  • Analysis, Isolation and Bioactives of Rapeseed Phenolics
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto Analysis, isolation, and bioactivities of rapeseed phenolics Satu Vuorela ACADEMIC DISSERTATION To be presented, with the permission of the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry of the University of Helsinki, for public criticism in lecture hall B2, Viikki, on October 21st, at 12 o’clock noon. University of Helsinki Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology Food Chemistry Helsinki 2005 Custos: Professor Vieno Piironen Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Supervisor: Professor Marina Heinonen Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Reviewers: Professor Karin Schwarz Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science University of Kiel Kiel, Germany Professor KristiinaWähälä Department of Chemistry University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Opponent: Professor Rainer Huopalahti Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry University of Turku Turku, Finland ISBN 952-10-2721-5 (paperback) ISBN 952-10-2722-3 (PDF) ISSN 0355-1180 Yliopistopaino Helsinki 2005 Vuorela, S 2005. Analysis, isolation, and bioactivities of rapeseed phenolics (dissertation). EKT series 1343. University of Helsinki. Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology. ABSTRACT The main objective of the work was to investigate the antioxidant and various bioactivity properties of rapeseed phenolics. Rapeseed meal and oil phenolics were analyzed and hydrolyzed, and methods of isolating the phenolics suitable for food applications were evaluated. The bioactivity testing was focused on antioxidant activity. HPLC analysis of the phenolic extracts showed the main phenolics in rapeseed meal to be sinapine, the choline ester of sinapic acid, and sinapic acid, while those in crude post-expelled rapeseed oil were vinylsyringol and, in smaller amount, sinapine and sinapic acid.
    [Show full text]
  • Sinapic Acid and Its Derivatives As Medicine in Oxidative Stress-Induced Diseases and Aging
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity Volume 2016, Article ID 3571614, 10 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3571614 Review Article Sinapic Acid and Its Derivatives as Medicine in Oxidative Stress-Induced Diseases and Aging Chunye Chen Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China Correspondence should be addressed to Chunye Chen; [email protected] Received 29 October 2014; Revised 2 January 2015; Accepted 12 January 2015 Academic Editor: Mat´ıas Mosqueira Copyright © 2016 Chunye Chen. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Sinapic acid (3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid) is an orally bioavailable phytochemical, extensively found in spices, citrus and berry fruits, vegetables, cereals, and oilseed crops and is known to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimutagenic, antiglycemic, neuroprotective, and antibacterial activities. The literature reveals that sinapic acid is a bioactive phenolic acid and has the potential to attenuate various chemically induced toxicities. This minireview is an effort to summarize the available literature about pharmacokinetic, therapeutic, and protective potential of this versatile molecule in health related areas. 1. Introduction Sinapicacidexistsinbothfreeandesterform;some esters are sinapoyl esters, sinapine (sinapoylcholine), and As a result of metabolic processes, there is continuous pro- sinapoyl malate [8, 9]. Sinapic acid is a phytochemical found duction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl in various edible plants such as spices, citrus and berry fruits, radicals [1], in human body.
    [Show full text]
  • A Kinetic Approach in the Evaluation of Radical-Scavenging Efficiency Of
    molecules Article A Kinetic Approach in the Evaluation of Radical-Scavenging Efficiency of Sinapic Acid and Its Derivatives Neda Ni´ciforovi´c 1, Tomaž Polak 1, Damjan Makuc 2, Nataša Poklar Ulrih 1 and Helena Abramoviˇc 1,* 1 Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1111 Ljubljana, Slovenia; [email protected] (N.N.); [email protected] (T.P.); [email protected] (N.P.U.) 2 Slovenian NMR Centre, National Institute of Chemistry, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +386-1-320-37-82; Fax: +386-1-256-62-96 Academic Editor: Derek J. McPhee Received: 19 January 2017; Accepted: 22 February 2017; Published: 28 February 2017 Abstract: A kinetic approach was used to determine the radical scavenging activities of sinapic acid and its derivatives: sinapine, 4-vinylsyringol, syringic acid, syringaldehyde, and ethyl, propyl and butyl sinapate. The responses were expressed as rates of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical · ·− (DPPH ) scavenging (RS), superoxide radical (O2 ) scavenging (RFF), and β-carotene bleaching in the emulsion system (RB). For RS and RB, the esters of sinapic acid showed the highest responses while, for RFF, this was seen for syringic acid. The effectiveness of the selected compounds for scavenging these free radicals was also determined at a fixed endpoint. The early response parameters were demonstrated to be good discriminators in assessing differences for antioxidants with comparable fixed endpoint activity. The primary feature that ranks the kinetic data and the endpoint determinations is interpreted in terms of the mechanisms of the reactions involved in each of the assays conducted.
    [Show full text]
  • Eco-Friendly Extraction of Sinapine from Residues of Mustard Production Amandine Flourat, Gaëlle Willig, Andreia Teixeira, Florent Allais
    Eco-Friendly Extraction of Sinapine From Residues of Mustard Production Amandine Flourat, Gaëlle Willig, Andreia Teixeira, Florent Allais To cite this version: Amandine Flourat, Gaëlle Willig, Andreia Teixeira, Florent Allais. Eco-Friendly Extraction of Sinap- ine From Residues of Mustard Production. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Frontiers Media, 2019, 3, 10.3389/fsufs.2019.00012. hal-02400663 HAL Id: hal-02400663 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02400663 Submitted on 9 Dec 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 04 March 2019 doi: 10.3389/fsufs.2019.00012 Eco-Friendly Extraction of Sinapine From Residues of Mustard Production Amandine L. Flourat*, Gaëlle Willig, Andreia R. S. Teixeira and Florent Allais* URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles, CEBB, AgroParisTech, Pomacle, France In this study, our efforts were focused on the optimization of phenolic compounds—mainly sinapine—extraction from residues of industrial mustard production. A preliminary work was conducted to discuss the way data from Folin-Ciocalteu analytical method are reported and exploited in the literature, and to determine whether methanol can be replaced by ethanol as extracting solvent. As this first question had found a positive answer, an optimization of the extraction process on crude and pretreated industrial residue was achieved using a Response Surface Methodology (RSM).
    [Show full text]
  • A Two-Step Bioconversion Process for Canolol Production
    A Two-Step Bioconversion Process for Canolol Production from Rapeseed Meal Combining an Aspergillus niger Feruloyl Esterase and the Fungus Neolentinus lepideus Elise Odinot, Frédéric Fine, Jean-Claude Sigoillot, David Navarro, Oscar Laguna, Alexandra Bisotto, Corinne Peyronnet, Christian Ginies, Jérôme Lecomte, Craig Faulds, et al. To cite this version: Elise Odinot, Frédéric Fine, Jean-Claude Sigoillot, David Navarro, Oscar Laguna, et al.. A Two-Step Bioconversion Process for Canolol Production from Rapeseed Meal Combining an Aspergillus niger Feruloyl Esterase and the Fungus Neolentinus lepideus. Microorganisms, MDPI, 2017, 5 (4), 17 p. 10.3390/microorganisms5040067. hal-01668695 HAL Id: hal-01668695 https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01668695 Submitted on 26 May 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License microorganisms Article A Two-Step Bioconversion Process for Canolol Production from Rapeseed Meal Combining an Aspergillus niger Feruloyl Esterase and the Fungus Neolentinus lepideus Elise Odinot 1, Frédéric Fine 2, Jean-Claude Sigoillot 1, David Navarro 1,3, Oscar Laguna 4, Alexandra Bisotto 1, Corinne Peyronnet 5, Christian Ginies 6 ID ,Jérôme Lecomte 4, Craig B.
    [Show full text]
  • Reference Substances 2018/2019
    Reference Substances 2018 / 2019 Reference Substances Reference 2018/2019 Contents | 3 Contents Page Welcome 4 Our Services 5 Reference Substances 6 Index I: Alphabetical List of Reference Substances and Synonyms 156 Index II: Plant-specific Marker Compounds 176 Index III: CAS Registry Numbers 214 Index IV: Substance Classification 224 Our Reference Substance Team 234 Order Information 237 Order Form 238 Prices insert 4 | Welcome Welcome to our new 2018 / 2019 catalogue! PhytoLab proudly presents the new you will also be able to view exemplary Index I contains an alphabetical list of all 2018 / 2019 catalogue of phyproof® certificates of analysis and download substances and their synonyms. It pro- Reference Substances. The seventh edition material safety data sheets (MSDS). vides information which name of a refer- of our catalogue now contains well over ence substance is used in this catalogue 1300 phytochemicals. As part of our We very much hope that our product and guides you directly to the correct mission to be your leading supplier of portfolio meets your expectations. The list page. herbal reference substances PhytoLab of substances will be expanded even has characterized them as primary further in the future, based upon current If you are a planning to analyse a specific reference substances and will supply regulatory requirements and new scientific plant please look for the botanical them together with the comprehensive developments. The most recent information name in Index II. It will inform you about certificates of analysis you are familiar will always be available on our web site. common marker compounds for this herb. with.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis, Isolation and Bioactives of Rapeseed Phenolics
    Analysis, isolation, and bioactivities of rapeseed phenolics Satu Vuorela ACADEMIC DISSERTATION To be presented, with the permission of the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry of the University of Helsinki, for public criticism in lecture hall B2, Viikki, on October 21st, at 12 o’clock noon. University of Helsinki Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology Food Chemistry Helsinki 2005 Custos: Professor Vieno Piironen Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Supervisor: Professor Marina Heinonen Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Reviewers: Professor Karin Schwarz Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science University of Kiel Kiel, Germany Professor KristiinaWähälä Department of Chemistry University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Opponent: Professor Rainer Huopalahti Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry University of Turku Turku, Finland ISBN 952-10-2721-5 (paperback) ISBN 952-10-2722-3 (PDF) ISSN 0355-1180 Yliopistopaino Helsinki 2005 Vuorela, S 2005. Analysis, isolation, and bioactivities of rapeseed phenolics (dissertation). EKT series 1343. University of Helsinki. Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology. ABSTRACT The main objective of the work was to investigate the antioxidant and various bioactivity properties of rapeseed phenolics. Rapeseed meal and oil phenolics were analyzed and hydrolyzed, and methods of isolating the phenolics suitable for food applications were evaluated. The bioactivity testing was focused on antioxidant activity. HPLC analysis of the phenolic extracts showed the main phenolics in rapeseed meal to be sinapine, the choline ester of sinapic acid, and sinapic acid, while those in crude post-expelled rapeseed oil were vinylsyringol and, in smaller amount, sinapine and sinapic acid.
    [Show full text]
  • Reference Substances
    Reference Substances 2020/2021 Contents | 3 Contents Page Welcome 4 Our Services 5 Reference Substances 6 Index I: Alphabetical List of Reference Substances and Synonyms 168 Index II: CAS Registry Numbers 190 Index III: Substance Classification 200 Our Reference Substance Team 212 Distributors & Area Representatives 213 Ordering Information 216 Order Form 226 4 | Welcome Welcome to our new 2020 / 2021 catalogue! PhytoLab proudly presents the new for all reference substances are available Index I contains an alphabetical list of 2020/2021 catalogue of phyproof® for download. all substances and their synonyms. It Reference Substances. The eighth edition provides information which name of a of our catalogue now contains well over We very much hope that our product reference substance is used in this 1400 natural products. As part of our portfolio meets your expectations. The catalogue and guides you directly to mission to be your leading supplier of list of substances will be expanded even the correct page. herbal reference substances PhytoLab further in the future, based upon current has characterized them as primary regulatory requirements and new Index II contains a list of the CAS registry reference substances and will supply scientific developments. The most recent numbers for each reference substance. them together with the comprehensive information will always be available on certificates of analysis you are familiar our web site. However, if our product list Finally, in Index III we have sorted all with. does not include the substance you are reference substances by structure based looking for please do not hesitate to get on the class of natural compounds that Our phyproof® Reference Substances will in touch with us.
    [Show full text]
  • Sinapic Acid: Is It Safe for Humans?
    FABAD J. Pharm. Sci., 41, 39-49, 2016 REVIEW ARTICLES Sinapic Acid: Is It Safe for Humans? Hasan HAMEED*, Sevtap AYDIN**,o, Nurşen BAŞARAN** Sinapic Acid: Is It Safe for Humans? Sinapik asit: İnsanlarda güvenli mi? SUMMARY ÖZET Phenolic compounds, one of the most commonly occurring groups En yaygın görülen fitokimyasal madde gruplarından biri of phytochemicals, play an important role in the growth and olan fenolik bileşikler, meyve ve sebzeleri asalak ve patojenlere reproduction of plants, providing protection against pathogens karşı korumanın yanı sıra, renk ve duyusal özelliklerine de and predators, also contributing towards the colour and sensory katkıda bulunarak, bitkilerin üreme ve büyümesinde önemli characteristics of fruits and vegetables. In humans, it is also suggested bir rol oynarlar. İnsanlarda da fenolik bileşiklerin antioksidan, to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antiinflamatuvar, antimikrobiyal, kalp koruyucu ve antikanser and cardioprotective effects. Sinapic acid is a small naturally etkileri olduğu iddia edilmektedir. Sinapik asit doğal olarak occurring hydroxycinnamic acid derivative. It is a phenolic compound oluşan ufak bir hidroksisinamik asit türevidir. Sağlığa faydalı ve and a member of the phenylpropanoid family which are assumed as genel olarak toksik olmadığı varsayılan fenilpropanoid ailesinden therapeutically beneficial and generally non-toxic. Sinapic acid is bir fenolik bileşiktir. Sinapik asit bitki dünyasında (meyve, sebze, widespread in the plant kingdom (fruits, vegetables, cereal grains, tahıl taneleri, yağlı tohumlu bitkiler, bazı baharatlar ve şifalı oilseed crops, some spices and medicinal plants) and in human bitkiler) ve insan diyetinde yaygın bulunur. Sinapik asit türevleri diet. Derivatives of sinapic acid are characteristic compounds in the Brassicaceae familyasındaki karakteristik bileşiklerdir. Sinapik asit, Brassicaceae family.
    [Show full text]
  • Enzymatique De Composés Phénoliques Issus De Graines Oleagineuses
    UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTPELLIER THESE Pour obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTPELLIER École Doctorale : Sciences des Procédés – Sciences des Aliments Discipline : Biochimie, chimie et technologie des aliments Présentée et soutenue par Erika ZAGO le 1er décembre 2015 EXTRACTION ET TRANSFORMATION CHIMIO- ENZYMATIQUE DE COMPOSÉS PHÉNOLIQUES ISSUS DE GRAINES OLEAGINEUSES Thèse dirigée par Dr. Pierre VILLENEUVE Jury Olivier DANGLES INRA Avignon Rapporteur Michel LINDER Université de Lorraine, Nancy Rapporteur Frédéric FINE Terres Inovia, Pessac Membre invité Jean François ROUS Avril, Paris Membre invité Chahinez AOUF UMR SPO, INRA Montpellier Co-encadrante Pierre VILLENEUVE UMR IATE, CIRAD, Montpellier Directeur de thèse REMERCIEMENTS Tout d'abord je voudrais remercier le gouvernement du Brésil, le CNPq et le Programme « Ciência sem Fronteiras » pour ma bourse de thèse. Je voudrais remercier le CIRAD pour l'accueil et les UMR IATE et SPO où ces travaux de thèse ont été réalisés. Je voudrais aussi remercier Terres Inovia et le groupe AVRIL, spécialement M. Frédéric FINE et M. Jean-François ROUS, pour le financement de ce projet de thèse. Merci aux rapporteurs qui ont gentiment accepté d'évaluer ces travaux de thèse : M. Michel LINDER, Mme. Claire DUFOUR et M. Olivier DANGLES (merci encore d'avoir accepté de remplacer Mme. Claire DUFOUR). Je voudrais également remercier tous les membres invités et présents dans le jury de cette thèse : M. Frédéric FINE, M. Jean-François ROUS et M. Florent JOFFRE. Merci de votre collaboration, vos remarques et vos suggestions. Mon plus grand merci est à mon chef, mon idole Dr. Pierre VILLENEUVE qui a brillamment dirigé cette thèse avec sapience, gentillesse et une bonne humeur pérenne.
    [Show full text]
  • A Two-Step Bioconversion Process for Canolol Production from Rapeseed Meal Combining an Aspergillus Niger Feruloyl Esterase and the Fungus Neolentinus Lepideus
    microorganisms Article A Two-Step Bioconversion Process for Canolol Production from Rapeseed Meal Combining an Aspergillus niger Feruloyl Esterase and the Fungus Neolentinus lepideus Elise Odinot 1, Frédéric Fine 2, Jean-Claude Sigoillot 1, David Navarro 1,3, Oscar Laguna 4, Alexandra Bisotto 1, Corinne Peyronnet 5, Christian Ginies 6 ID ,Jérôme Lecomte 4, Craig B. Faulds 1 and Anne Lomascolo 1,* ID 1 INRA Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Aix Marseille Univ., UMR1163 BBF Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille CEDEX 09, France; [email protected] (E.O.); [email protected] (J.-C.S.); [email protected] (D.N.); [email protected] (A.B.); [email protected] (C.B.F.) 2 Terres Inovia, Parc Industriel, 11 Rue Monge, 33600 Pessac, France; f.fi[email protected] 3 Centre International de Ressources Microbiennes, Champignons Filamenteux, CIRM-CF, Case 925, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille CEDEX 09, France 4 CIRAD Centre de coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, UMR IATE Montpellier SupAgro-INRA, 2, Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France; [email protected] (O.L.); [email protected] (J.L.) 5 Terres Univia, 11 rue Monceau, CS60003, 75378 Paris CEDEX 8, France; [email protected] 6 Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d’Origine Végétale, INRA Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique UMR408 SQPOV, Université d’Avignon, 33 rue Louis Pasteur, 84029 Avignon, France; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +33-4-91-82-86-06 Received: 5 September 2017; Accepted: 11 October 2017; Published: 14 October 2017 Abstract: Rapeseed meal is a cheap and abundant raw material, particularly rich in phenolic compounds of biotechnological interest.
    [Show full text]
  • Metabolomics Identifies a Biomarker Revealing in Vivo Loss of Functional ß-Cell Mass
    Page 1 of 46 Diabetes Metabolomics identifies a biomarker revealing in vivo loss of functional ß-cell mass before diabetes onset Lingzi Li1,2,7, Petra Krznar3,4,7, Alexander Erban5, Andrea Agazzi6, Juliette Martin-Levilain1,2, Sachin Supale1,2, Joachim Kopka5, Nicola Zamboni3 and Pierre Maechler1,2 1Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & 2Faculty Diabetes Centre, University of Geneva Medical Centre, Geneva, Switzerland 3Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland 4PhD Program Systems Biology, Life Science Zurich Graduate School, Zurich, Switzerland 5Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany. 6Theoretical Physics Department, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland 7These authors contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Pierre Maechler, Department of Cell Physiology, University of Geneva Medical Center, rue Michel- Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Email: [email protected] , Phone: +41 22 379 55 54. Nicola Zamboni, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland. Email: [email protected] , Phone: +41 44 633 31 41. Keywords: pre-diabetes; beta-cell; biomarker; 1,5-anhydroglucitol Running title: biomarkers of beta-cell loss Word count: 5’246 1 Diabetes Publish Ahead of Print, published online September 19, 2019 Diabetes Page 2 of 46 ABSTRACT Identification of pre-diabetic individuals with decreased functional ß-cell mass is essential for the prevention of diabetes. However, in vivo detection of early asymptomatic ß-cell defect remains unsuccessful. Metabolomics emerged as a powerful tool in providing read-outs of early disease states before clinical manifestation. We aimed at identifying novel plasma biomarkers for loss of functional ß-cell mass in the asymptomatic pre-diabetic stage.
    [Show full text]