A Comparative UHPLC-Q/TOF–MS-Based Eco-Metabolomics
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Orchids Limited Catalog
2003-2004 Orchids Limited Catalog Hic Natus Ubique Notus (Born here, known everywhere!) 25 years ago, in 1978, Orchids Limited started in a very small greenhouse behind a plant store in Minnetonka, Minnesota. Now located in Plymouth, we have grown to five greenhouses, a lab and support building. Our goal has always been to provide high quality species and hybrids in a niche market. We continue to breed new varieties and raise large populations of species derived from select stock. We are now seeing the fruits of our labor with many new exciting hybrids. It is very satisfying to see populations of species that were once hard to obtain or produce, now become available through our laboratory. Thanks to all of our customers, past and present, who have supported us and enabled us to grow. Please visit our web site at www.orchidweb.com for the most up-to-date offerings. We have designed a custom search engine to allow you to search for plants by name, category, color, temperature, bloom season or price range. Or, simply click "Browse our entire selection" for an alphabetic listing of all items. Our In Spike Now section, updated weekly, lists all the plants in flower or bud that are ready to be shipped. The Plant of the Week feature and Plant of the Week Library provide pictures and detailed cultural information on numerous species and hybrids. Thank you for choosing Orchids Limited. Orchids Limited 4630 Fernbrook Lane N. Plymouth, MN 55446 U.S.A. www.orchidweb.com Toll free: 1-800-669-6006 Phone: 763-559-6425 Fax: 763-557-6956 e-mail: [email protected] Nursery Hours: Mon-Sat 9:00 a.m. -
Ecological Correlates of the Evolution of Pitcher Traits in the Genus Nepenthes (Caryophyllales)
applyparastyle "body/p[1]" parastyle "Text_First" Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2018, 123, 321–337. With 5 figures. Keeping an eye on coloration: ecological correlates of the evolution of pitcher traits in the genus Nepenthes (Caryophyllales) KADEEM J. GILBERT1*, JOEL H. NITTA1†, GERARD TALAVERA1,2 and NAOMI E. PIERCE1 1Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 2Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37, E-08003, Barcelona, Spain †Current address: Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, 305-0005, Japan Received 20 August 2017; revised 10 November 2017; accepted for publication 10 November 2017 Nepenthes is a genus of carnivorous pitcher plants with high intra- and interspecific morphological diversity. Many species produce dimorphic pitchers, and the relative production rate of the two morphs varies interspecifically. Despite their probable ecological importance to the plants, little is known about the selective context under which various pitcher traits have evolved. This is especially true of colour-related traits, which have not been examined in a phylogenetic context. Using field observations of one polymorphic species (N. gracilis) and comparative phylogenetic analysis of 85 species across the genus, we investigate correlations between colour polymorphism and ecological factors including altitude, light environment and herbivory. In N. gracilis, colour does not correlate with amount of prey captured, but red pitchers experience less herbivory. Throughout the genus, colour polymorphism with redder lower pitchers appears to be evolutionarily favoured. We found a lack of phylogenetic signal for most traits, either suggesting that most traits are labile or reflecting the uncertainty regarding the underlying tree topology. -
Recircumscription of the Nepenthes Alata Group (Caryophyllales: Nepenthaceae), in the Philippines, with Four New Species
European Journal of Taxonomy 69: 1-23 ISSN 2118-9773 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2013.69 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2013 · Martin Cheek & Matthew Jebb This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Research article Recircumscription of the Nepenthes alata group (Caryophyllales: Nepenthaceae), in the Philippines, with four new species Martin CHEEK1 & Matthew JEBB2 1 Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, U.K. Email: [email protected] (corresponding author) 2 National Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland Email: [email protected] Abstract. An overview of Nepenthes in the Philippines is presented. Four new species, Nepenthes extincta sp. nov., N. kitanglad sp. nov., N. kurata sp. nov. and N. leyte sp. nov. are described and illustrated from the Philippines and placed in the Nepenthes alata group. An updated circumscription and key to the species of the group is provided. Delimitation and comparison with the Regiae group is given. All four of the newly described species are assessed as threatened using the International Union for the Conservation of Nature 2012 standard, and one, N. extincta sp. nov. is considered likely to be already extinct due to open-cast mining. Logging and conversion of forest habitat are thought to be the main threats to the other three species. Key words. Conservation, Nepenthes alata group, Mindanao, threatened, ultramafic. Cheek M. & Jebb M. 2013. Recircumscription of the Nepenthes alata group (Caryophyllales: Nepenthaceae), in the Philippines, with four new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 69: 1-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ ejt.2013.69 Introduction This paper forms part of studies towards a World Monograph of Nepenthes L. -
Curriculum Vitae Vern Lee Schramm
September 2011 CURRICULUM VITAE VERN LEE SCHRAMM Department of Biochemistry Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University 1300 Morris Park Avenue Bronx, New York 10461 Phone: (718) 430-2813 Fax: (718) 430-8565 E-mail: [email protected] Personal Information: Date of Birth: November 9, 1941 Place of Birth: Howard, South Dakota Citizenship: U.S.A. Home Address: 68 Hampton Oval New Rochelle, NY 10805 Home Telephone: (914) 576-2578 Education: Sept 1959 – June 1963 B.S. in Bacteriology (chemistry emphasis), South Dakota State College Sept 1963 – June 1965 Masters Degree in Nutrition (biochemistry emphasis), Harvard University Research Advisor, Dr. R.P. Geyer Oct 1965 – April 1969 Ph.D. in Mechanism of Enzyme Action, Department of Biochemistry, Australian National University Research Advisor, Dr. John Morrison Postdoctoral Experience: Aug 1969 – Aug 1971 NRC-NSF Postdoctoral Research Associate at NASA Ames Research Center, Biological Adaptation Branch Appointments: July 1999 – Present University Professor of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine July 1995 – Present Ruth Merns Endowed Chair of Biochemistry Aug 1987 – Present Professor and Chairman, Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine July 1981 - July 1987 Professor of Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine July 1976 - June 1981 Associate Professor of Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine Aug 1971 - July 1976 Assistant Professor of Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine Vern L. Schramm 2 Fields of Interest: Enzymatic -
An Ethnobotanical Note on Nepenthes Mirabilis in Lao PDR
Note NAT. HIST. BULL. SIAM SOC. 62 (2): 195–198, 2018 An Ethnobotanical Note on Nepenthes mirabilis in Lao PDR Steven G. Platt 1*, Oudomxay Thongsavath 2,4, Pakham Outhanekone 2 and Thomas R. Rainwater 3 The family Nepenthaceae (Tropical Pitcher Plants or Monkey Cups), consists of a single genus (Nepenthes) with >140 species (CHEEK & JEBB, 2013) occurring in southern China, India (Assam), Sri Lanka, Indochina, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, northern Australia (Queensland), and eastern Madagascar (JUNIPER ET AL., 1989; MCPHERSON, 2009). Nepenthaceae are characterized by liquid-containing pitchers suspended by tendrils growing from the leaf midrib (CLARKE, 2002). Pitcher plants obtain nutrients (especially nitrogen and phosphorous) by trapping and digesting invertebrate prey in the pitcher (ETKIN, 2008). Digestion of prey is accomplished by the combined action of enzymes and symbiotic insect larvae (flies, midges, and mosquitos) adapted to the low pH of the pitcher environment (JUNIPER ET AL., 1989; CLARKE, 2002; ETKIN, 2008). In contrast to many regions, the Nepenthaceae of Indochina (Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam) have received little scientific attention (MEY, 2010) and in particular, only a few reports on the ethnobotany of these plants are available from the region. According to VIDAL (1959) Nepenthes spp. is used to treat eruptive fever in Laos and in Cambodia, MEY (2010) stated that N. mirabilis is incorporated into medicines, the leaves and roots of N. holdenii are used in decoctions to treat fever and pain, and the roots of N. bokorensis are boiled and administered to pregnant women to alleviate pain. These reports notwithstanding, the general paucity of ethnobotanical information on Nepenthes in Indochina is somewhat surprising given the cultural, material, and medicinal significance of these plants elsewhere (ETKIN [2008] and references therein). -
Nepenthes Argentii Philippines, N. Aristo
BLUMEA 42 (1997) 1-106 A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) Matthew Jebb & Martin Chee k Summary A skeletal world revision of the genus is presented to accompany a family account forFlora Malesi- ana. 82 species are recognised, of which 74 occur in the Malesiana region. Six species are described is raised from and five restored from as new, one species infraspecific status, species are synonymy. Many names are typified for the first time. Three widespread, or locally abundant hybrids are also included. Full descriptions are given for new (6) or recircumscribed (7) species, and emended descrip- Critical for all the Little tions of species are given where necessary (9). notes are given species. known and excluded species are discussed. An index to all published species names and an index of exsiccatae is given. Introduction Macfarlane A world revision of Nepenthes was last undertaken by (1908), and a re- Malesiana the gional revision forthe Flora area (excluding Philippines) was completed of this is to a skeletal revision, cover- by Danser (1928). The purpose paper provide issues which would be in the ing relating to Nepenthes taxonomy inappropriate text of Flora Malesiana.For the majority of species, only the original citation and that in Danser (1928) and laterpublications is given, since Danser's (1928) work provides a thorough and accurate reference to all earlier literature. 74 species are recognised in the region, and three naturally occurring hybrids are also covered for the Flora account. The hybrids N. x hookeriana Lindl. and N. x tri- chocarpa Miq. are found in Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo, although rare within populations, their widespread distribution necessitates their inclusion in the and other and with the of Flora. -
The Coordinate Regulation of Digestive Enzymes in the Pitchers of Nepenthes Ventricosa
Rollins College Rollins Scholarship Online Honors Program Theses Spring 2020 The Coordinate Regulation of Digestive Enzymes in the Pitchers of Nepenthes ventricosa Zephyr Anne Lenninger [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.rollins.edu/honors Part of the Plant Biology Commons Recommended Citation Lenninger, Zephyr Anne, "The Coordinate Regulation of Digestive Enzymes in the Pitchers of Nepenthes ventricosa" (2020). Honors Program Theses. 120. https://scholarship.rollins.edu/honors/120 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by Rollins Scholarship Online. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Program Theses by an authorized administrator of Rollins Scholarship Online. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Coordinate Regulation of Digestive Enzymes in the Pitchers of Nepenthes ventricosa Zephyr Lenninger Rollins College 2020 Abstract Many species of plants have adopted carnivory as a way to obtain supplementary nutrients from otherwise nutrient deficient environments. One such species, Nepenthes ventricosa, is characterized by a pitcher shaped passive trap. This trap is filled with a digestive fluid that consists of many different digestive enzymes, the majority of which seem to have been recruited from pathogen resistance systems. The present study attempted to determine whether the introduction of a prey stimulus will coordinately upregulate the enzymatic expression of a chitinase and a protease while also identifying specific chitinases that are expressed by Nepenthes ventricosa. We were able to successfully clone NrCHIT1 from a mature Nepenthes ventricosa pitcher via a TOPO-vector system. In order to asses enzymatic expression, we utilized RT-qPCR on pitchers treated with chitin, BSA, or water. -
The Microbiota-Produced N-Formyl Peptide Fmlf Promotes Obesity-Induced Glucose
Page 1 of 230 Diabetes Title: The microbiota-produced N-formyl peptide fMLF promotes obesity-induced glucose intolerance Joshua Wollam1, Matthew Riopel1, Yong-Jiang Xu1,2, Andrew M. F. Johnson1, Jachelle M. Ofrecio1, Wei Ying1, Dalila El Ouarrat1, Luisa S. Chan3, Andrew W. Han3, Nadir A. Mahmood3, Caitlin N. Ryan3, Yun Sok Lee1, Jeramie D. Watrous1,2, Mahendra D. Chordia4, Dongfeng Pan4, Mohit Jain1,2, Jerrold M. Olefsky1 * Affiliations: 1 Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. 2 Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. 3 Second Genome, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA. 4 Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. * Correspondence to: 858-534-2230, [email protected] Word Count: 4749 Figures: 6 Supplemental Figures: 11 Supplemental Tables: 5 1 Diabetes Publish Ahead of Print, published online April 22, 2019 Diabetes Page 2 of 230 ABSTRACT The composition of the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota and associated metabolites changes dramatically with diet and the development of obesity. Although many correlations have been described, specific mechanistic links between these changes and glucose homeostasis remain to be defined. Here we show that blood and intestinal levels of the microbiota-produced N-formyl peptide, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLF), are elevated in high fat diet (HFD)- induced obese mice. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of the N-formyl peptide receptor Fpr1 leads to increased insulin levels and improved glucose tolerance, dependent upon glucagon- like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Obese Fpr1-knockout (Fpr1-KO) mice also display an altered microbiome, exemplifying the dynamic relationship between host metabolism and microbiota. -
The Mysterious World Inside a Pitcher Plant (N. Mirabilis)
1 The Mysterious World Inside a Pitcher Plant (N. mirabilis) SEARCHING FOR NATURE STORIES 2018 CHAN CHUNG NGAI (5A) CHENG YIK TUNG (5B) CHONG TSZ LING (5B) SZE CHUN YUI (5B) TANG SHUK PING (5B) CHEUNG CHUK SHAN COLLEGE [TEAM R03] CONTENT 1 ABSTRACT 3 2 INTRODUCTION 3 - 4 2.1 Introduction to the research topic 3 2.2 Objectives 4 2.3 Research questions 4 2.4 Background information of Nepenthes mirabilis 4 2 3 METHODOLOGY 5 - 11 3.1 Field study 5 3.2 Objective 1: To study the digestion of prey by Nepenthes mirabilis 6 3.3 Objective 2: To study the relationship between Nepenthes mirabilis and 9 mosquito 4 RESULTS 11 - 15 4.1 Objective 1:To study the digestion of prey by Nepenthes mirabilis 11 4.2 Objective 2:To study the relationship between Nepenthes mirabilis and 13 mosquito 5 DISCUSSION 15 -19 5.1 Objective 1:To study the digestion of prey by Nepenthes mirabilis 15 5.2 Objective 2:To study the relationship between Nepenthes mirabilis and 16 mosquito 5.3 Further investigation 19 6 CONCLUSION 19 7 BIBLIOGRAPHY 20 1. ABSTRACT Nepenthes mirabilis (Lour.) Druce is a species of pitcher plants which captures insects for additional nutrients, enhancing its survival at a place with low nutritional value. With a bright colour and alluring nectar, insects are attracted to and trapped inside pitchers with slippery walls. These preys are soon digested by the juice released by the pitcher gland. In contrast to the unique carnivorous behavior though, it is interesting that mosquito is a rare species that can live within the pitchers and lay eggs on the digestive juice without being digested. -
Supplementary Information
Supplementary information (a) (b) Figure S1. Resistant (a) and sensitive (b) gene scores plotted against subsystems involved in cell regulation. The small circles represent the individual hits and the large circles represent the mean of each subsystem. Each individual score signifies the mean of 12 trials – three biological and four technical. The p-value was calculated as a two-tailed t-test and significance was determined using the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure; false discovery rate was selected to be 0.1. Plots constructed using Pathway Tools, Omics Dashboard. Figure S2. Connectivity map displaying the predicted functional associations between the silver-resistant gene hits; disconnected gene hits not shown. The thicknesses of the lines indicate the degree of confidence prediction for the given interaction, based on fusion, co-occurrence, experimental and co-expression data. Figure produced using STRING (version 10.5) and a medium confidence score (approximate probability) of 0.4. Figure S3. Connectivity map displaying the predicted functional associations between the silver-sensitive gene hits; disconnected gene hits not shown. The thicknesses of the lines indicate the degree of confidence prediction for the given interaction, based on fusion, co-occurrence, experimental and co-expression data. Figure produced using STRING (version 10.5) and a medium confidence score (approximate probability) of 0.4. Figure S4. Metabolic overview of the pathways in Escherichia coli. The pathways involved in silver-resistance are coloured according to respective normalized score. Each individual score represents the mean of 12 trials – three biological and four technical. Amino acid – upward pointing triangle, carbohydrate – square, proteins – diamond, purines – vertical ellipse, cofactor – downward pointing triangle, tRNA – tee, and other – circle. -
Linear Free Energy Relationships for N(7)-Substituted Guanosines As Substrates of Calf Spleen Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase
Linear Free Energy Relationships for N(7)-Substituted Guanosines as Substrates of Calf Spleen Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase. Possible Role of N(7)-Protonation as an Intermediary in Phosphorolysis Agnieszka Bzowskaa, Ewa Kulikowska3, and David Shugar3 *5 a Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland b Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland Z. Naturforsch. 48c, 803-811 (1993); received May 11, 1993 Purine Nucleoside, Phosphorylase, N(7)-Substituted Guanosines, Glycosidic Bond Cleavage, N(7)-Protonation, QSAR Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) for a series of N(7)-substituted guano sines as substrates for calf spleen purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) were developed, and compared with those for acid hydrolysis of these analogues. There is no correlation between the rates for enzymatic phosphorolysis and acid hydrolysis, indicating that for the enzymatic reaction labilization of the glycosidic bond is not the only, nor the predominant, effect of N(7)-substitution. Multiple regression analysis of the enzymatic process revealed that optimal substrate properties (minimal Michaelis constant) are associated with the Taft electronic con stant equal zero and a substituent size, parametrized by the Taft steric constant, smaller than that for a methyl group. These results support the hypothesis of protonation of the N(7)-posi- tion of the base by the enzyme as a catalytic mechanism for calf spleen PNP. Attention is drawn to the postulated similar mechanism of action of other purine N-glycosidases, including plant antiviral proteins which function as RNA N-glycosidases, and possibly some DN A N-glycosidases which function as repair enzymes. -
Nepenthes Pitopangii (Nepenthaceae), a New Species from Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Gardens’Nepenthes pitopangiiBulletin Singapore (Nepenthaceae) 61 (1): 95-99. 2009 95 Nepenthes pitopangii (Nepenthaceae), a New Species from Central Sulawesi, Indonesia 1 2 3 C. C. LEE , S. R. MCPHERSON , G. BOURKE 4 AND M. MANSUR 1 Peti Surat 2507, Kuching, Sarawak 93750, Malaysia. 2 61 Lake Drive, Hamworthy, Poole, Dorset BH15 4LR, England. 3 P.O. Box 117, Corrimal, New South Wales 2518, Australia. 4 Botany Division, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong Science Center, West Java, Indonesia. Abstract A new Nepenthes species, N. pitopangii, from Sulawesi Tengah, is described. Introduction Cheek and Jebb (2001) recognised eight species of Nepenthaceae for Sulawesi, of which four species are endemic. These numbers are comparatively low compared to the neighboring island of Borneo, where there are more than 30 species, of which 70% are endemic. The lack of species richness in Nepenthaceae in Sulawesi is yet to be examined in detail, but may be due to a combination of biogeographical and ecological factors, or simply a lack of detailed botanical exploration of the island. In 2006, photos by Jonathan Newman of an unidentified taxon of Nepenthes from Central Sulawesi, which were not readily assignable to any presently known species, first appeared on the internet (http://www. cpukforum.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=17326&hl=). Field visits to the site in 2007 (S. McPherson and G. Bourke) and in 2008 (C. Lee and S. McPherson), and examination of herbarium materials at Universitas Tadulako, Palu (CEB) indicated that this plant represents a new species of Nepenthes, which we describe below. The description that follows combines measurements taken from the herbarium specimens at Universitas Tadulako (which are sterile), with measurements of the inflorescence made from living material in the field.