A Constellation of Courts
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Princes and Merchants: European City Growth Before the Industrial Revolution*
Princes and Merchants: European City Growth before the Industrial Revolution* J. Bradford De Long NBER and Harvard University Andrei Shleifer Harvard University and NBER March 1992; revised December 1992 Abstract As measured by the pace of city growth in western Europe from 1000 to 1800, absolutist monarchs stunted the growth of commerce and industry. A region ruled by an absolutist prince saw its total urban population shrink by one hundred thousand people per century relative to a region without absolutist government. This might be explained by higher rates of taxation under revenue-maximizing absolutist governments than under non- absolutist governments, which care more about general economic prosperity and less about State revenue. *We thank Alberto Alesina, Marco Becht, Claudia Goldin, Carol Heim, Larry Katz, Paul Krugman, Michael Kremer, Robert Putnam, and Robert Waldmann for helpful discussions. We also wish to thank the National Bureau of Economic Research, and the National Science Foundation for support. 1. Introduction One of the oldest themes in economics is the incompatibility of despotism and development. Economies in which security of property is lacking—either because of the possibility of arrest, ruin, or execution at the command of the ruling prince, or the possibility of ruinous taxation— should, according to economists, see relative stagnation. By contrast, economies in which property is secure—either because of strong constitutional restrictions on the prince, or because the ruling élite is made up of merchants rather -
The Fiscal Logic of the Spanish Empire
1 Paper presented the March 28, 2003, Conference at Princeton University tituled “Imperial Crucibles”, organized by professors Jeremy Adelman and Stanley Stein. A Later version of this paper was published as "The Fiscal Logic of the Spanish Empire: New Spain and the Costs and Benefits of Colonialism, 1750-1810", en Renate Pieper & Peer Schmidt (eds.), Latin America and the Atlantic World. El mundo atlántico y América Latina (1500-1850). Essays in honor of Horst Pietschmann, Berlin, Böhlau verlag Köln Weimar Wien, 2005, pp. 367-385. THE FISCAL LOGIC OF THE SPANISH EMPIRE: NEW SPAIN AND THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF COLONIALISM, 1750-1810 Carlos Marichal (El Colegio de México) From before the time of Gibbon, historians with a global perspective have been discussing the rise and fall of empires. Today political scientists frequently speak of hegemonic states. If we look to some of the best-known studies conducted over the last forty-odd years, we can identify various, theoretical approaches adopted by those working on imperial or hegemonic states. On the one hand, there is a well-known school of researchers who are identified as belonging to the world-system school, which operates at a high level of generality to explain major changes in the international power structures by situating them 2 within the cyclical rhythms and secular trends of the world economy as a whole. 1 A second school which can be denominated as geopolitical, has paid more attention to analysis of the military, naval or coercive capabilities of hegemonic states to maintain their power and their mercantile or territorial empires.2 A third approach adopted by historical sociologists, like Charles Tilly, has offered explanations based on the changing capacities of states to exercise power through manipulation of capital and coercion. -
The English Invasion of Spanish Florida, 1700-1706
Florida Historical Quarterly Volume 41 Number 1 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 41, Article 7 Issue 1 1962 The English Invasion of Spanish Florida, 1700-1706 Charles W. Arnade Part of the American Studies Commons, and the United States History Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Article is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Florida Historical Quarterly by an authorized editor of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Arnade, Charles W. (1962) "The English Invasion of Spanish Florida, 1700-1706," Florida Historical Quarterly: Vol. 41 : No. 1 , Article 7. Available at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol41/iss1/7 Arnade: The English Invasion of Spanish Florida, 1700-1706 THE ENGLISH INVASION OF SPANISH FLORIDA, 1700-1706 by CHARLES W. ARNADE HOUGH FLORIDA had been discovered by Ponce de Leon in T 1513, not until 1565 did it become a Spanish province in fact. In that year Pedro Menendez de Aviles was able to establish a permanent capital which he called St. Augustine. Menendez and successive executives had plans to make St. Augustine a thriving metropolis ruling over a vast Spanish colony that might possibly be elevated to a viceroyalty. Nothing of this sort happened. By 1599 Florida was in desperate straits: Indians had rebelled and butchered the Franciscan missionaries, fire and flood had made life in St. Augustine miserable, English pirates of such fame as Drake had ransacked the town, local jealousies made life unpleasant. -
Acknowledgements There Are Several People Without
Acknowledgements There are several people without whose assistance this thesis could not have been produced. I would like to thank, in particular, the following: Dr Alan Marshal, my supervisor at Bath Spa University College, for his constant nagging to 'get on with it'; Professor Roger Richardson of King Alfred's for his support as my external supervisor; Bath Spa University College for a constant supply of Inter Library Loans, a bursary and a travel grant to Spain; The Andrew C. Duncan Catholic History Trust for a research grant; Mgr Peter Pooling and the staff at Collegio Ingleses, Valladolid, Spain for their hospitality and access to their Archives; Mgr Michael Williams, for his assistance at Archive General, Simancas; Fr Daniel Rees, Librarian, Downside Abbey, Stratton on the Fosse, Somerset for access to the monastic library; Dr Dominic Bellenger and Dr Elaine Chalus, for their support and suggestions; Dr Ratal Witkowski, for Polish biographies; Joan Pattison, Dick Meyer, Irene Stansby for French, Dutch and Polish translations respectively; and David and Louise for being there. I would also like to thank Dr Paul Hyland & Doctor Barry Coward for their useful comments and suggestions that have enabled me to complete this work successfully. This thesis is dedicated to the memory of Charlotte May Anderson (May, 1977). Phis copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. Contents List of Illustrations Abbreviations Preface 12 Introduction 22 1. James VI and I and the Early Seventeenth-Century Political Scene 27 2. -
Anglo-Habsburg Relations and the Outbreak of the War of Three Kingdoms, 1630-1641
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Charles I and the Spanish Plot: Anglo-Habsburg Relations and the Outbreak of the War of Three Kingdoms, 1630-1641 A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History by Patrick Ignacio O’Neill March 2014 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Thomas Cogswell, Chairperson Dr. Randolph Head Dr. Georg Michels Copyright by Patrick Ignacio O’Neill 2014 The Dissertation of Patrick Ignacio O’Neill is approved: __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Bertolt Brecht posed the question, “Young Alexander conquered India./ He alone?” Like any great human endeavor, this dissertation is not the product of one person’s solitary labors, but owes much to the efforts of a great number of individuals and organizations who have continually made straight my paths through graduate school, through archival research, and through the drafting process. First and foremost, I would like to thank my dissertation chair, Dr. Thomas Cogswell, for his excellent guidance throughout my years at the University of California, Riverside. When I arrived as a first-year graduate student, I had very little certainty of what I wanted to do in the field of Early Modern Britain, and I felt more than a bit overwhelmed at the well-trod historiographical world I had just entered. Dr. Cogswell quickly took me under his wing and steered me gently through a research path that helped me find my current project, and he subsequently took a great interest in following my progress through research and writing. I salute his heroic readings and re-readings of drafts of chapters, conference papers, and proposals, and his perennial willingness to have a good chat over a cup of coffee and to help dispel the many frustrations that come from dissertation writing. -
MCMANUS-DISSERTATION-2016.Pdf (4.095Mb)
The Global Lettered City: Humanism and Empire in Colonial Latin America and the Early Modern World The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation McManus, Stuart Michael. 2016. The Global Lettered City: Humanism and Empire in Colonial Latin America and the Early Modern World. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493519 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA The Global Lettered City: Humanism and Empire in Colonial Latin America and the Early Modern World A dissertation presented by Stuart Michael McManus to The Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of History Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts April 2016 © 2016 – Stuart Michael McManus All rights reserved. Dissertation Advisors: James Hankins, Tamar Herzog Stuart Michael McManus The Global Lettered City: Humanism and Empire in Colonial Latin America and the Early Modern World Abstract Historians have long recognized the symbiotic relationship between learned culture, urban life and Iberian expansion in the creation of “Latin” America out of the ruins of pre-Columbian polities, a process described most famously by Ángel Rama in his account of the “lettered city” (ciudad letrada). This dissertation argues that this was part of a larger global process in Latin America, Iberian Asia, Spanish North Africa, British North America and Europe. -
Imperial Armies of the Thirty Years War: Cavalry V
IMPERIAL ARMIES OF THE THIRTY YEARS WAR: CAVALRY V. 2 PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Vladimir Brnardic | 48 pages | 23 Nov 2010 | Bloomsbury Publishing PLC | 9781846039973 | English | New York, United Kingdom Imperial Armies of the Thirty Years War: Cavalry v. 2 PDF Book Erroneous intelligence two words that are closely associated in military history led Christian to believe that Wallenstein had committed his entire army to the pursuit of Mansfeld when he had actually sent a considerable corps to reinforce Tilly in Lower Saxony: Assuming that he was opposed by weak forces under Tilly, Christian marched south from Wolfenbiittel in August along the valleys of the Innerste and the Neile between the Hainberg and the Oderwald. The Swedish artillery was much lighter. Baroque horse Basket-hilted sword. After regrouping, in June Mansfeld advanced again, the Imperial forces having been weakened by the need to send troops to quell a peasant revolt in Upper Austria. Paperback Books Vladimir Nabokov. Hospitals, schools, and churches were strictly off-limits as targets. I've got the same question. Lacking both support from his coalition partners and reliable knowledge of the political situation, in January Christian advanced across the Elbe with 17, men, a mixture of mercenaries and peasant conscripts, heading for Hameln on the Weser. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Because English and Dutch naval power blocked the sea route from Iberia to the Netherlands, Spain relied upon the Spanish Road to supply and reinforce her armies in the Low Countries. Alternatively, when within pistol-shot, the first three ranks of musketeers gave a volley, followed by the remainder, before the battalion charged home with pike, sword and musket stock. -
Cuaderno De Historia Militar 4
Cuaderno de Historia Militar 4 Cuaderno de Historia Comisión Española Militar 4 de Historia XL Congreso Internacional de Militar Historia Militar (Varna, 2014) La Primera Guerra Mundial 1914-1918 SECRETARÍA GENERAL TÉCNICA SUBDIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE PUBLICACIONES Y PATRIMONIO CULTURAL MINISTERIO DE DEFENSA Cuaderno de Historia Comisión Española Militar 4 de Historia XL Congreso Internacional de Militar Historia Militar (Varna, 2014) La Primera Guerra Mundial 1914-1918 MINISTERIO DE DEFENSA CATÁLOGO GENERAL DE PUBLICACIONES OFICIALES http://publicacionesoficiales.boe.es/ Edita: SECRETARÍA GENERAL TÉCNICA http://publicaciones.defensa.gob.es/ © Autores y editor, 2015 NIPO: 083-15-184-X (impresión bajo demanda) NIPO: 083-15-185-5 (edición libro-e) Fecha de edición: julio 2015 ISBN: 978-84-9091-084-9 (edición libro-e) Las opiniones emitidas en esta publicación son exclusiva responsabilidad del autor de la misma. Los derechos de explotación de esta obra están amparados por la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual. Ninguna de las partes de la misma puede ser reproducida, almacenada ni transmitida en ninguna forma ni por medio alguno, electrónico, mecánico o de grabación, incluido fotocopias, o por cualquier otra forma, sin permiso previo, expreso y por escrito de los titulares del © Copyright. ÍNDICE Página Presentación .............................................................................................................. 7 XL Congreso Internacional de Historia Militar (Varna, Bulgaria 2014) Ponencia 1 Buscando la batalla perfecta: Schlieffen y el -
Storrs on Parker, 'The Army of Flanders and the Spanish Road 1567-1659: the Logistics of Spanish Victory and Defeat in the Low Countries' Wars'
H-German Storrs on Parker, 'The Army of Flanders and the Spanish Road 1567-1659: The Logistics of Spanish Victory and Defeat in the Low Countries' Wars' Review published on Monday, August 1, 2005 Geoffrey Parker. The Army of Flanders and the Spanish Road 1567-1659: The Logistics of Spanish Victory and Defeat in the Low Countries' Wars. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. xxix + 291 pp. $85.00 (cloth), ISBN 978-0-521-83600-5; $36.99 (paper), ISBN 978-0-521-54392-7. Reviewed by Christopher Storrs (Department of History, University of Dundee)Published on H- German (August, 2005) Welcome Reissue of a Modern Classic It is almost a commonplace of historical writing that the power of sixteenth-century Spain was founded on its armed forces. Chief among these was the so-called Army of Flanders, created when in 1567 the Duke of Alba led nearly 9,000 troops from Spanish Italy to Flanders to quell the incipient Dutch revolt against the rule of Philip II of Spain. The continuing fame of that force owes much to its leading contemporary historian, Geoffrey Parker, who in 1974 published what has become a modern classic, the first edition of the book under review. Parker's study of the Army of Flanders was of enormous importance, on various levels. Parker greatly advanced our knowledge and understanding of the Spanish way of war in this period by first seeking--drawing on the rich sources in the Archivo General de Simancas (and many more local archives outside Spain)--to explain how Spain managed for almost a century to put large numbers of men into the field (or into garrison) in Flanders, 700 miles distant from Spain itself, and how these men were provided for and paid. -
699 the Defeat of the Spanish Armada – the Dutch Gain Their Independence from Spain, Part 1
#699 The Defeat of the Spanish Armada – The Dutch gain their independence from Spain, part 1 What is known today as the Netherlands, the land of the Dutch, was once under Roman Catholic Spain’s dominion. But remember how the Pilgrims of Scrooby, England, and others made their way to the Netherlands in the early 1600’s because it was a Protestant sanctuary [reference Unsealing #592]? The story of the Dutch gaining their independence from Spain helps us to see how it became Protestant. Charles V of Spain and the Low Countries. Most of the Low Portrait of Charles V on horseback Countries – today’s Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg – were once ruled by the dukes of Burgundy. Charles V, grandson of Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain, inherited the lands of the dukes of Burgundy and then became King of Spain in 1516. The Low Countries came under Spanish control. Charles V then became emperor of the entire Holy Roman Empire in 1519. [Charles V ruled over more lands than any sovereign in European history.] What is important about this is that Charles V was representing Roman Catholicism in Europe exactly around the time of the birth (October 31, 1517) and expansion of the Protestant Reformation. Habsburg dominions German Empire Spanish Road Philip II of Spain and the Low Countries. Charles V’s son Philip II, a devout Catholic, took over Spain and the Spanish Netherlands from his father in 1556. By this time there were many Protestants in the Netherlands. Like Louis XIV in France, Philip II believed it was his duty as a king “appointed by God” to fight for the Catholic Church. -
Downloaded from Brill.Com07/06/2021 12:38:50PM Via Koninklijke Bibliotheek Library of the Written Word
Print and Power in Early Modern Europe (1500–1800) Nina Lamal, Jamie Cumby, and Helmer J. Helmers - 978-90-04-44889-6 Downloaded from Brill.com07/06/2021 12:38:50PM via Koninklijke Bibliotheek Library of the Written Word volume 92 The Handpress World Editor-in-Chief Andrew Pettegree (University of St Andrews) Editorial Board Ann Blair (Harvard University) Falk Eisermann (Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preuβischer Kulturbesitz) Shanti Graheli (University of Glasgow) Earle Havens (Johns Hopkins University) Ian Maclean (All Souls College, Oxford) Alicia Montoya (Radboud University) Angela Nuovo (University of Milan) Helen Smith (University of York) Mark Towsey (University of Liverpool) Malcolm Walsby (ENSSIB, Lyon) Arthur der Weduwen (University of St Andrews) volume 73 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/lww Nina Lamal, Jamie Cumby, and Helmer J. Helmers - 978-90-04-44889-6 Downloaded from Brill.com07/06/2021 12:38:50PM via Koninklijke Bibliotheek Print and Power in Early Modern Europe (1500–1800) Edited by Nina Lamal Jamie Cumby Helmer J. Helmers LEIDEN | BOSTON Nina Lamal, Jamie Cumby, and Helmer J. Helmers - 978-90-04-44889-6 Downloaded from Brill.com07/06/2021 12:38:50PM via Koninklijke Bibliotheek This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided no alterations are made and the original author(s) and source are credited. Further information and the complete license text can be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ The terms of the CC license apply only to the original material. -
Age of the Thirty Years War (1598-1660)
INTERNATIONAL POLITICS AND WARFARE IN THE LATE MIDDLE AGES AND EARLY MODERN EUROPE A Bibliography of Diplomatic and Military Studies William Young Chapter 5 Age of the Thirty Years War (1598-1660) Europe (1598-1660) Asch, Ronald G. The Thirty Years War: The Holy Roman Empire and Europe, 1618-1648. European History in Perspective series. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1997. Beller, Elmer Adolph. Propaganda in Germany during the Thirty Years War. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1940. __________. “Recent Studies on the Thirty Years War.” The Journal of Modern History 3 (March 1931): 72-83. __________. “The Thirty Years War.” In The Decline of Spain and the Thirty Years War, 1609-48/59. Volume 4 in The New Cambridge Modern History. Edited by John Phillips Cooper. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970. Bireley, Robert. The Jesuits and the Thirty Years War: Kings, Courts, and Confessors. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Bonney, Richard. “The Struggle for European Hegemony, 1618-1660.” Chapter 4 in The European Dynastic States, 1494-1660. The Short Oxford History of the Modern World series. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991. __________. The Thirty Years War, 1618-1648. Essential Histories series. Botley, England: Osprey, 2002. 1 Bussmann, Klaus and Heinz Schilling, editors. 1648: War and Peace in Europe. 3 volumes. Münster/Osnabrück, Germany: Landschaftsverband Westfälen-Lippe, Westfälisches Landesmuseum für Kunst und Kulturegeschichte, 1998. Darby, Graham. The Thirty Years War. Access to History series. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 2001. Deakin, Quentin. Expansion, War and Rebellion: Europe, 1598-1661. Cambridge Perspectives in History series. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Elliott, John Huxtable.