Chapter 1: General Presentation of the Association of Local Democracy
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Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia FACOLTÀ DI LETTERE E FILOSOFIA CORSO DI LAUREA SPECIALISTICA IN COMUNICAZIONE NELL’IMPRESA E NELLE ORGANIZZAZIONI INTERNAZIONALI LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE BALKANS: THE ASSOCIATION OF LOCAL DEMOCRACY AGENCIES’ APPROACH Prova finale di: Jessica Biondani Matr. 4130 Relatore: Prof. Paolo Panico Correlatore: Prof.ssa Franca Poppi Anno Accademico 2004-2005 Ai miei nonni 1 2 “ Sottofondo di pianoforte. Mano docile e musica dolce. Il pianoforte e sopra le note a piccole cascate che scivolano a valle e seguono l’inevitabile reflusso del vissuto mortale” Matteo Zattoni Sono davvero tante le persone che vorrei ringraziare per aver persorso con me questo non sempre facile cammino…la mia famiglia, che si dimostra sempre la più fedele, Luca, ottimo compagno di viaggio nonché di vita, Giulia, Rani, Jenny, Silvia, Giovanna e Sofia per la loro vicinanza, Elena, Ester e Lucia per aver allegerito il mio pendolarismo, Andrew per i consulti linguistici, Michele e Giovanni per il supporto tecnico. Un pensiero particolare ai miei nonni, che non potranno assistere a questo tanto atteso traguardo ma che saranno sempre presenti. Un grazie anche a tutti coloro che ho incontrato durante i miei viaggi e che hanno più o meno consapevolmente colorato la mia vita. Fondamentali per la realizzazione di questo lavoro sono stati il Prof. Panico, la Prof.ssa Poppi, il Prof. Baraldi, il Prof. Alessio Surian, lo staff di ALDA Antonella Valmorbida, Martial Paris e Dorothee Fischer, i Delegati delle Agenzie della Democrazia Locale Stève Duchene, Kerim Medjedovic, Miljenko Turniški, Tullio Fernetich e Umberto Ademollo, e infine Giampaolo Cordiale e François Friederich. A tutti loro va un grande grazie. 3 4 INTRODUZIONE - SVILUPPO ECONOMICO LOCALE NEI BALCANI: L’APPROCCIO DELL’ASSOCIAZIONE DELLE AGENZIE DELLA DEMOCRAZIA LOCALE……………………………………………………………..9 INTRODUCTION: THE BALKANS HISTORY AT A GLANCE........................ 17 The Balkans history at a glance............................................................................................... 17 A brief overview of the Balkans problems and perspectives ............................................... 21 1 THE ASSOCIATION OF LOCAL DEMOCRACY AGENCIES: AN OVERVIEW...................................................................................................... 25 1.1 Introduction: the Local Democracy Agencies and the Association of Local Democracy Agencies ................................................................................................................ 25 1.1.1 The Local Democracy Agencies: creation and general objectives........................... 25 1.1.2 The Association of Local Democracy Agencies ....................................................... 28 1.2 The Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of Europe (CLRAE) Resolution 251 (1993) creating LDEs and CLRAE Resolution 73 (1998) on LDAs........................................ 31 1.2.1 CLRAE Resolution 251 (1993) establishing principles of the LDEs......................... 31 1.2.1.1 The aims of the Local Democracy Embassies................................................ 32 1.2.1.2 The role of the LDEs ....................................................................................... 33 1.2.1.3 The duties of the LDEs.................................................................................... 33 1.2.1.4 The working structure...................................................................................... 34 1.2.1.5 Partners and finance....................................................................................... 36 1.2.1.6 Permanent presence and duties of the Delegate ........................................... 37 1.2.2 Resolution 73 (1998) creating LDAs ........................................................................ 38 1.3 The Statute of the Association of Local Democracy Agencies................................... 41 1.3.1 The preamble remembers the aims of the LDAs...................................................... 41 1.3.2 Constitution and aims of the Association ................................................................. 42 1.3.3 Administration and operation.................................................................................... 45 1.3.3.1 The General Assembly.................................................................................... 45 1.3.3.2 The Governing Board...................................................................................... 47 5 1.3.3.3 The Bureau ..................................................................................................... 48 1.3.3.4 The LDA Delegates’ Advisory Committee and the Scientific Committee of the LDA Association................................................................................................................. 49 1.3.4 The resources of the Association ............................................................................. 50 1.3.5 The members of the Association.............................................................................. 51 1.3.6 Partners .................................................................................................................... 53 2 ALDA AND LDAS’ PROGRAMMES ............................................................ 55 2.1 The role of the Local Democracy Agencies and their Association in the stabilisation process in South and Eastern Europe .................................................................................... 55 2.2 Major programmes realized by the Association........................................................... 57 2.2.1 The “EU Mayors” Programme – the ALDA-ANCI Partnership ................................. 57 2.2.2 The “Norwegian Programme”- Promoting local economic development in Western Balkans: youth groups capacity building ................................................................................ 59 2.2.3 Italian and Balkans Municipal Partnership of ANCI.................................................. 61 2.3 A brief presentation of the 11 LDAs forming the network and their activities in 2004………………………………………………………………………………………………………62 2 2.3.1 LDA Verteneglio, Croatia.......................................................................................... 64 2.3.2 LDA Sisak, Croatia ................................................................................................... 65 2.3.3 LDA Osijek, Croatia .................................................................................................. 67 2.3.4 LDA Subotica, Serbia and Montenegro.................................................................... 68 2.3.5 LDA Central and Southern Serbia (based in Niš)..................................................... 70 2.3.6 LDA Nikšić, Montenegro........................................................................................... 71 2.3.7 LDA Kosovo.............................................................................................................. 73 2.3.8 LDA Ohrid, “The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia” ..................................... 74 2.3.9 LDA Prijedor, Bosnia and Herzegovina.................................................................... 75 2.3.10 LDA Zavidovici, Bosnia and Herzegovina ................................................................ 77 2.3.11 LDA Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina ..................................................................... 79 2.4 The Activity Report of the Association 2004................................................................. 80 2.5 Programme of Activities 2005......................................................................................... 83 6 3 LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE BALKANS.......................... 87 3.1 The pilot project “Local Economic Development in the Balkans” ............................. 90 3.1.1 The research/action methodology ............................................................................ 94 3.1.2 Expected results ....................................................................................................... 96 3.2 The implementation of the programme ......................................................................... 97 3.2.1 The Seminar in Zavidovici, Bosnia and Herzegovina............................................... 99 3.2.2 The Seminar in Rozaje, Montenegro...................................................................... 102 3.2.3 The Seminar in Umag, Croatia............................................................................... 105 3.2.4 A first assessment of the project achievements in November 2004 ...................... 109 3.2.4.1 LDA OSIJEK ................................................................................................. 110 3.2.4.2 LDA NIKSIC .................................................................................................. 114 3.2.4.3 LDA VERTENEGLIO/BRTONIGLA............................................................... 119 3.2.5 The Seminar in Ohrid, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.................... 124 4 TRYING TO DRAW A CONCLUSION ........................................................ 129 4.1 The current situation of Montenegro, Kosovo and Osijek regions .......................... 129 4.1.1 The current situation of Montenegro ...................................................................... 130 4.1.2 The current situation of Kosovo.............................................................................. 133