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New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources A DIVISION OF NEW MEXICO INSTITUTE OF MINING & TECHNOLOGY Geologic activities in the 90s Southwest Section of AAPG 1994, Ruidoso, New Mexico, hosted by the Roswell Geological Society Editors Jack Ahlen John Peterson Arthur L. Bowsher Managing Editor Jiri Zidek SOCORRO 1994 ii NEW MEXICO INSTITUTE OF MINING & TECHNOLOGY Daniel H. Lopez, President NEW MEXICO BUREAU OF MINES & MINERAL RESOURCES Charles E. Chapin, Director and State Geologist BOARD OF REGENTS Ex Officio Bruce King, Governor of New Mexico Alan Morgan, Superintendent of Public Instruction Appointed Charles Zimmerly, President, 1991-1997, Socorro Diane D. Denish, Secretary/Treasurer, 1992-1997, Albuquerque Lt. Gen. Leo Marquez, 1989-1995, Albuquerque J. Michael Kelly, 1992-1997, Roswell Steve Torres, 1991-1997, Albuquerque BUREAU STAFF DEBBIE GOERING, Staff Secretary WILLIAM MCINTOSH, Volcanologist/Geochronologist ORIN J. ANDERSON, Senior Geologist IBRAHIM GUNDILER, Senior Metallurgist CHRISTOPHER G. MCKEE, X-ray Facility Manager RUBEN ARCHULETA, Metallurgical Lab. Tech. AUGUSTUS K. ARMSTRONG, USGS Geologist WILLIAM C. HANEBERG, Engineering Geologist VIRGINIA T. MCLEMORE, Senior Economic Geologist GEORGE S. AUSTIN, Senior Industrial Minerals Geologist JOHN W. HAWLEY, Senior Environmental Geologist, NORMA J. MEEKS, Director of Publications Office ALBERT BACA, Maintenance Carpenter 11 Manager Albuquerque Office BARBARA R. POPP, Chemical Lab. Tech. II JAMES M. BARKER, Senior Industrial Minerals Geologist MATT HEIZLER, Geochronologist MARSHALL A. REITER, Senior Geophysicist LYNNE HEMENWAY, Computer Pub./Graphics Spec. JACQUES R. RENAULT, Senior Geologist PAUL W. BAUER, Field Economic Geologist CAROL A. HJELLMING, Associate Editor SANDRA SWARTZ, Chemical Lab. Technician LYNN A. BRANDVOLD, Senior Chemist GRETCHEN K. HOFFMAN, Senior Coal Geologist TERRY TELLES, Technical Secretary RON BROADHEAD, Senior Petroleum Geologist Head, Petroleum Section GLEN JONES, Computer Scientist/Geologist REBECCA J. TITUS, Cartographic Supervisor PHILIP KYLE, Geochemist/Petrologist JUDY M. VAIZA, Business Serv. Coordinator KATHRYN G. CAMPBELL, Cartographic Drafter II RITA CASE, Administrative Secretary (Alb. Office) ANN CANNING, Executive Secretary MANUEL J. VASQUEZ, Mechanic // STEVEN M. GATHER, Field Economic Geologist CHAMBERLIN, Field Economic Geologist ANNABELLE LOPEZ, Petroleum Records Clerk SUSAN J. WELCH, Associate Editor RICHARD THERESA L. LOPEZ, Receptionist/Staff Secretary NEIL H. WHITEHEAD, III, Petroleum Geologist DAVID W. LOVE, Senior Environmental Geologist MICHAEL WHITWORTH, Hydrogeologist RICHARD R. CHAVEZ, Assist. Head, Petroleum Section JANE A. CALVERT LOVE, Editor MICHAEL W. WOOLDRIDGE, Scientific Illustrator RUBEN A. CRESPIN, Garage Supervisor VIRGIL LUETH, Mineralogist/Economic Geologist JIRI ZIDEK, Chief Editor/Senior Geologist NEUA DUNBAR, Analytical Geochemist ROBERT W. EVELETH, Senior Mining Engineer FANG Luo, Research Associate ROBERT A. BIEBERMAN, Emeritus Sr. Petroleum Geologist SAMUEL THOMPSON III, Emeritus Sr. Petroleum Geologist FRANK E. KOTTLOWSKI, Emeritus Director/State Geologist ROBERT H. WEBER, Emeritus Senior Geologist Research Associates WILLIAM L. CHENOWETH, Grand Junction, CO WILLIAM E. KING, NMSU GLENN R. OSBURN, Washington Univ. RUSSELL E. CLEMONS, NMSU BARRY S. RUES, UNM ALLAN R. SANFORD, NMT CHARLES A. FERGUSON, Univ. Alberta MICHAEL J. KUNK, USGS JOHN H. SCHILLING, Reno, NV JOHN W. GEISSMAN, UNM TIMOTHY F. LAWTON, NMSU WILLIAM R. SEAGER, NMSU LELAND H. GILE, Las Cruces DAVID V. LEMONE, UTEP EDWARD W. SMITH, Tesuque CAROL A. HILL, Albuquerque SPENCER G. LUCAS, NMMNH JOHN F. SUTTER, USGS BOB JULYAN, Albuquerque GREG H. MACK, NMSU RICHARD H. TEDFORD, Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. SHARI A. KELLEY, SMU NANCY J. MCMILLAN, NMSU TOMMY B. THOMPSON, CSU HOWARD B. NICKELSON, Carlsbad Graduate Students ULVA CETIN JOHN GILLENTINE DAVID J. SIVILS DAN DETMER TINA ORTIZ LANZHONG WANG VENKATA GANTI Plus about 30 undergraduate assistants Original Printing Published by Authority of State of New Mexico, NMSA 1953 Sec. 63- 1 - 4 Printed by University of New Mexico Printing Services, April 1994 Available from New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources, Socorro, NM 87801 Published as public domain, therefore reproducible without permission. Source credit requested. vi Editors' acknowledgments We would like to congratulate and thank all the people who have con- tributed to this volume, from the authors, typists and reviewers to the editors, typesetter and publisher. It is not possible to publish a symposium volume such as this without the willing cooperation of all those who con- tribute the blood, sweat and tears. We are fortunate to have a dedicated group of authors willing to spend many hours of effort for our benefit. You will note the great range of subjects on this year's program as our influence is required in new fields of geology. The editors are pleased to note the interest of many geologists in the environmental field. It is hoped that the highly politicized environmental concerns can be mitigated using sound geological research. This is a period of continued change in the profession of petroleum geology in the Southwest. Many properties are being sold or offered for sale. Drilling dollars are scarce for many projects due to low product prices. It is again a time which requires a great deal of tenacity to remain active in our profession. Progress in oil exploration will require innovative techniques, trends and transitions to carry us into the twenty-first century. New approaches in- clude three-D seismic, horizontal drilling, CO2 foam flooding, and borehole imaging. We are indebted to Jiri Zidek, our Managing Editor, who has guided our efforts to produce each item in this volume. His supervision of the project and his many suggestions to authors yielded a polished publication. Jack Ahlen John Peterson Arthur L. Bowsher On behalf of the Roswell Geological Society, it is a pleasure to welcome the Southwest Section of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists to the 1994 Convention. The convention committees have worked hard to organize the sessions and present an outstanding technical program. Our thanks are extended to the speakers, donors, exhibitors and officers of the Southwest Section who have made the convention possible. We also greatly appreciate the support extended by the New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Re- sources in publishing the papers presented in the technical sessions. Gerald E. Harrington, President, SW Section AAPG George L. Scott, Jr., General Chairman vii Southwest Section of AAPG 1993/94 Executive Committee Gerald E. Harrington President P.O. Box 216 Roswell, NM 88202 Robert W. Richter President Elect Enserch Exploration Inc. Suite 1300, Two Energy Square 4849 Greenwell Ave. Dallas, TX 75206 J. Michael Party Vice-President 6209 Driftwood Midland, TX 79707-1603 William A. Bradshaw III Secretary Read & Stevens Inc. P.O. Box 872 Roswell, NM 88202-0872 Judith Williams Treasurer DTA 104 South Pecos Midland, TX 79701 Roswell Geological Society 1993/94 Executive Committee David Pearcy President HEYCO P.O. Box 1983 Roswell, NM 88202 Ralph Worthington Vice-President Site Oil & Gas P.O. Box 2523 Roswell, NM 88202 John McRae Secretary Yates Petroleum 105 S. 4th Street Artesia, NM 88210 Frank Messa Treasurer HEYCO P.O. Box 1983 Roswell, NM 88202 Trustees Bill Baker Mike Brown Brian Harris Tom King Yates Energy Manzano Oil Corp. Site Oil & Gas Elk Oil Steve Mitchell Elmer Patterson Jim Pettengill Guinn Upp Scott Exploration Retired BLM Independent viii 1993/94 Convention Committees (Chairs) General Chairman George L. Scott 648 Petroleum Bldg. Roswell, NM 88201 Convention Coordinator Kathryn Shostrom P.O. Box 2452 Corrales, NM 87048 Budget & Finance Roger Maynard BLM P.O. Box 13987 Roswell, NM 88202 Donations & Finance Edward David David Petroleum Co. 116 W. 1st St. Roswell, NM 88201 Registration & Transportation Mike Hanagan Hanagan Petroleum Corp. P.O. Box 1737 Roswell, NM 88202 Housing Gerry Harrington P.O. Box 216 Roswell, NM 88202 Technical Program Jack Ahlen, Duke Peterson, Art Bowsher 533 Petroleum Bldg. Roswell, NM 88201 Speakers Assistance Ralph Worthington Siete Oil & Gas P.O. Box 2523 Roswell, NM 88202 Projection & Slide Center Mike Brown Manzano Oil Corp. P.O. Box 2107 Roswell, NM 88202 Levorsen Award Dave Pearcy HEYCO P.O. Box 1983 Roswell, NM 88202 Short Course Bill Bradshaw Read & Stevens, Inc. P.O. Box 872 Roswell, NM 88202-0872 Field Trips Steve Speer P.O. Box 266 Roswell, NM 88202 Exhibits Gary Fitzsimmons Hanson Operating P.O. Box 1515 Roswell, NM 88202 Entertainment/Golf & Tennis Bill Baker Yates Energy P.O. Box 8173 Roswell, NM 88202 Spouse Entertainment Marilyn Ahlen, Dorothy Peterson 533 Petroleum Bldg. Roswell, NM 88201 Publicity Jim Manatt Permian Exploration 118 W. 1st St. Roswell, NM 88201 Theme Bob Cress P.O. Box 37 Roswell, NM 88202 New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources Bulletin 150, April 1994 9 History of Bravo Dome CO2—discovery and early development J. Wayland Roberts" and John Allen Godfrey, Jr.2 'Oil and Gas Limited, 110 W. 7th St., Suite 1010, Fort Worth, Texas 76102; 2192 Stonewall Jackson, Conroe, Texas 77302 Abstract—American Producing Corporation drilled a small surface structure with their No. 1 Bueyeros well (sec. 32, T31N, R31E, Harding County, New Mexico) in 1916. The Tubb Sandstone (Permian, Leonardian) contained CO2, but the well was never completed. Southern Dry Ice and Kummbach Oil and Gas tested another small structure nearby in 1931.
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