REPORT ON IN THE OCCUPIED TERRITORIES

A Bimonthly Publication of the Foundation for Middle East Peace Volume 24 Number 1 January-February 2014

KERRY SEARCHES FOR A FRAMEWORK FOR CONTINUING TALKS

U.S. efforts to end the conflict be- Allen has offered ideas and Kerry has tween Israelis and are now “Any notion that Secretary been discussing this issue with Netan- focused on the presentation by Secretary Kerry failed to obtain the yahu and Abbas. of State John Kerry of a U.S.-drafted President’s backing for his ef- Land for Peace “framework for negotiations.” This will forts is totally false. President be an American document, but Kerry For almost five decades, U.S. policy- Obama remains fully invested has said both sides may offer reserva- makers and diplomats have attempted tions. in Secretary Kerry’s tireless to create the foundations for peaceful Kerry told Washington Post columnist work on behalf of peace, and relations between Israel and its Arab David Ignatius on February 7 that a those efforts are not focused enemies. When these efforts succeeded, framework is the only way to “be able on confronting the parties— Israel evacuated its settlers and armed to keep the negotiations moving.” PLO they are aimed at bridging forces behind secure and recognized president Mahmoud Abbas has threat- differences and developing a borders, increasing the security of all ened to initiate action in the UN if the framework for negotiation on parties. That remains the challenge of current bilateral talks, which Kerry an- the core issues.” the current U.S. effort. nounced July 20, 2013, fail to produce a U.S. National Security The 1978 peace agreement signed comprehensive peace agreement by April Council spokesperson, between Israel and Egypt called for 2014. This goal now seems impossible. the restoration of Egyptian sovereignty Ha’aretz, February 10, 2014 Some skeptics think the framework “down to the last centimeter” of the is merely a placeholder designed to Israeli-occupied Sinai peninsula. Israel’s prolong the talks. But Kerry has a more treaty with Jordan, initialed in 1994, es- expansive view. He told Ignatius that tablished an international boundary be- the framework is also needed to “give to have argued that Washington has failed tween Israel and Jordan that follows the people a sense that there can be an end to make peace between Israelis and Jordan and Yarmouk Rivers, the Dead to the conflict and an end of claims, that Palestinians, in part, because it would Sea, the Emek Ha’arva/Wadi Araba, and there is a framework within which it is not offer an American plan. They make the Gulf of Aqaba. In the , contained.” the case that such a plan would meet the an “administrative boundary” between If indeed the U.S. will urge a clearly fundamental needs of both peoples, re- Jordan and the West Bank was agreed defined American framework for peace, quire mutual compromises and offer an upon, without prejudice to the status of it would be a major departure for U.S. endgame. If this is the premise of Ker- that territory. peacemaking. Since the short-lived ry’s framework, it could offer new hope, On the Syrian front, negotiations that “Clinton Parameters” of 2000, the U.S. generate popular support for peace, and ultimately failed nevertheless established has not offered American proposals oblige leaders to react accordingly. that the principle implemented on the for resolving final status issues and has Such a U.S. framework would require Egyptian front—namely, the complete relied on talks between two unequal U.S. views on preserving Israel’s secu- evacuation of Israeli military forces and parties to make peace. Following the rity in the context of a peace agreement civilians to the “June 4 line”—was an collapse of the Oslo process in late 2000 calling for evacuation of Israeli military agreed-upon foundation applicable to and Clinton’s withdrawal of his param- forces and civilian settlers from the West eters, experienced diplomats and analysts Bank. Washington’s envoy General John FRAMEWORK, continued on page 7 TO OUR READERS FOUNDATION FOR MIDDLE EAST PEACE When Secretary of State John Kerry Winning popular support for Kerry’s announced new peace talks in July 2013, forthcoming “Framework,” assuming it will Merle Thorpe, Jr. the parties agreed the talks would be secret. present American proposals on controver- Founder While complex and sensitive diplomacy sial final status issues, will be even harder, (1917–1994) usually cannot be conducted in the full since the Netanyahu government and some glare of public scrutiny, it is also true that in PLO elements will strenuously oppose such Philip C. Wilcox, Jr. democratic societies the public must be en- recommendations. Thus, the U.S. must President gaged in debating and resolving vital issues. play the role of chief public advocate for a Historians have observed that if Arafat compromise peace. The challenge for such Geoffrey Aronson and Barak had tried to mobilize public public diplomacy will be to mobilize popu- Director, Research and support for the Oslo peace process, the talks lar majorities on both sides that will enable, Publications,­ Editor, Report on might have succeeded. But the two leaders or oblige, their leaders to respond or give Israeli Settlement in the Occupied Territories lacked the skill and courage to reach out to way to other leaders. the public and explain the need to compro- The epic changes needed for an Israeli- Philip Sweigart mise. Palestinian peace will require deep public Editorial Assistant When President Clinton offered his support. Success cannot rely on quiet IN MEMORIAM “Parameters” for peace in November 2000 diplomacy alone. It will need engagement as the Oslo process was collapsing, neither and approval of the Israeli and Palestinian James Cromwell leader, lacking public support, could accept people whose future is at stake. Stephen Hartwell them without reservations, nor could they DIRECTORS endorse strongly the promising recom- mendations of the last-gasp Taba talks in Landrum R. Bolling January 2001. Calvin H. Cobb, Jr. Edison Dick —————— u —————— Joseph Englehardt Arthur H. Hughes Richard S.T. Marsh Richard W. Murphy Jean C. Newsom Gail Pressberg William B. Quandt Nicholas A. Veliotes Philip C. Wilcox, Jr.

The Foundation for Middle East Peace has prepared a presentation of maps illustrat- ing the evolution of the conflict from the UN Partition Plan in 1947, and depicting the growth of Israel’s occupation and settlement project from the 1967 War to the present. To download the presentation visit: http://www.fmep.org/resources/ publications-1/map-progres- sion-1948-1967. Copyright © 2013

2 v Report on Israeli Settlement January-February 2014 NEW TENDERS, 2014 (units) SETTLEMENT-RELATED INCIDENTS IN THE WEST BANK, 2011-2013 Announcement 6-Jan 10-Jan 21-Jan 22-Jan Date Category 2013 2012 2011

Conflict-related Palestinian deaths 27 8 17 Efrat 227 Conflict-related Palestinian injuries 3,881 3,175 1,647 Nofei Prat 256 Conflict-related Israeli deaths 4 7 11 Alfe Menashe 78 Conflict-related Israeli injuries 151 345 122 Karnei Shomron 22 86 Settler-related incidents resulting in 94 98 120 Ariel 40 5 Palestinian casualties Adam 75 Settler-related incidents resulting in 306 268 291 Betar Illit 24 Palestinian property/land damages

Emmanuel 102 Structures demolished: 664 604 613 Elkana 169 – of which Area C 565 540 571 Ramot 600 – of which East Jerusalem 99 64 42 Pisgat Zeev 182 Palestinians displaced due to 1,103 886 1,094 Neve Yaacov 56 demolitions or evictions: – of which Area C 805 815 1,006 Givat Zeev 381 – of which East Jerusalem 298 71 88 Ofra 250 Palestinian children displaced by home demolitions 558 474 618 Subtotal 272 1,639 381 261

Source: OCHA Monthly Humanitarian Monitor, January 20, 2014. TOTAL 2,553

Sources: Al Jazeera http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middlee- ast/2014/01/israel-approves-more-illegal-settlement- homes-201412118492665411.html. USAToday http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/ world/2014/01/06/israel-oks-west-bank-apartments/4341839/ Ma’an News http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails. aspx?ID=667486. Yediot Aharonot, January 12, 2014.

January-February 2014 Report on Israeli Settlement v 3 SETTLEMENT TIME LINE

July 26 Settlers install two mobile homes August 14 Settlers from Beit El stone Yitzhak Zamir, seek a mediated settlement, at the Sedi Bar outpost, near Bethlehem. Palestinian vehicles traveling between Nablus and not a court ruling, for a dispute involv- (PMG-NAD) and Ramallah. (Ma’an) ing more than 1,000 Palestinians threatened with removal from their West Bank homes. July 29 The Israeli cabinet declares that August 18 An East Jerusalem Palestinian (Ha’aretz) groups carrying out “price tag” attacks are chooses to demolish his home in Sur Bahir illegal organizations. (Ha’aretz) neighborhood after being informed by the September 3 Settler children assault two Jerusalem municipality that if he failed to do Palestinian children with sticks while they Settlers erect several tents on the site of the so, they would demolish his house and fine played near their house. (OCHA) evacuated outpost of Tarsilya, near Jenin. him for several times the fair cost of demoli- (PMG-NAD) Israeli authorities promise to demolish a tion. (Ma’an) synagogue and yeshiva in Givat Ze’ev, built July 31 Two Israelis are wounded during a August 19 Najeh Abu-Ali, a Palestin- on private Palestinian land, after it emerged rock attack on a bus traveling from the Neve ian shepherd, is attacked by six settlers near that the deeds for the land had been forged. Yaakov neighborhood to Jerusalem. (Arutz 7) Jerusalem and hospitalized. (Ma’an) (Ha’aretz) August 1 A group of 20 settlers attacks August 20 Israeli authorities demolish 10 September 5 Settlers cut down ten olive Palestinian workers building a water tank in agricultural buildings in the Jordan Valley trees belonging to the village of Tuwani. a Nablus village. (Ma’an) and part of a home in Silwan belonging to (OCHA) Settlers from attacked more than 15 Palestinians. The structures had been built A Palestinian father of five in East Jerusalem Palestinian cars with glass bottles and rocks. without permits. (Ma’an) is forced to demolish his home after Israeli (Ma’an) August 21 Settlers from Yitzhar, driving authorities fine him $14,000 and threaten Israeli military authorities issue demolition bulldozers and accompanied by soldiers, to demolish his house and fine him $20,000 notices for six Palestinian homes in Tubas. raze private Palestinian land in preparation more if he fails to comply. The house had (PMG-NAD) for expanding the settlement. In Jerusalem, been built without a permit. (Ma’an) Israeli soldiers bulldoze five acres of land in August 5 A settler runs over a Palestinian September 8 Settlers damage 25 vehicles the al-Tur neighborhood for construction of youth in East Jerusalem. (PMG-NAD) overnight in Nablus. (Ma’an) a national park. (Ma’an) August 6 According to a report in Israel September 9 Palestinians throw a Molotov August 26 Ha’aretz reports that Jerusalem HaYom citing population registry data, the cocktail at an Israeli bus traveling near Abud municipal authorities had demolished a Jewish population of the West Bank (exclud- village. (OCHA) ing East Jerusalem) grew by 2.12 percent Palestinian home in Silwan before the courts Settlers uproot 40 olive trees in the south during the first six months of 2013, to ruled on the issue. Hebron hills. (Ma’an) 367,000. Settlements in the Hebron area ex- August 27 Construction of 66 hous- panded at an even higher rate of 4.8 percent. ing units for orthodox settlers in the Neve September 10 A Palestinian working in the Tekoa settlement is attacked by a dog Israeli authorities approve the construction Yaakov settlement commences. The units are unleashed by settlers. (OCHA) of 230 housing units in the settlement of priced at NIS 1.59 million ($460,000). (Kol Ma’on. (PMG-NAD) Ha’Ir, Ynet) A Palestinian man is injured after being as- August 8 The civil administration autho- August 28 In the Yitzhar settlement, a saulted during clashes with a group of Israelis rizes construction of 878 housing units in confrontation erupts between Arab drivers at the al-Aqsa Mosque compound (Temple the Jordan Valley, Binyamin region, and the employed by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) Mount). (OCHA) Etzion bloc. (Arutz 7, PMG-NAD) to transport heavy machinery for a construc- A group of settlers slash the tires on three tion project and residents, who refuse to August 12 The Israeli Interior Ministry Palestinian buses in al-Thuri and spray them allow Arabs into the settlement. (Arutz 7) gives final approval to build 890 new apart- with “price-tag” graffiti. (OCHA) ments in the Gilo settlement, in Jerusalem. September 1 Dozens of Palestinians pro- September 11 Israeli authorities demolish (Ha’aretz) test outside a house in Hebron that had been 18 structures, displacing 13 people, in the al- Israeli authorities lay a foundation stone in a occupied by settlers, who claim that they Zayim Bedouin community near Jerusalem ceremony marking the start of construction bought the property legally. (Ma’an) due to a lack of building permits. (OCHA) on 63 housing units near the East Jerusalem September 2 A settler is injured by Dozens of settlers from set fire neighborhood of Jabal Mukabir. In addition, Palestinians throwing stones near the Adam to Palestinian farmland and olive groves near they approve tenders for the construction of settlement. (OCHA) Nablus. (Ma’an) 392 housing units in the Ma’ale Adumim, Ariel, and Betar Illit settlements. (PMG- Israeli forces demolish Palestinian homes in Settlers burn 500 trees on farmland in the NAD) Jericho and Idhna. (Ma’an) village of Dir al-Hateb. (Ha’aretz) August 13 The Jerusalem municipality Israel Supreme Court President Asher September 12 A settler is injured when approves 942 new settlement units in Gilo. Grunis proposes that the Israeli government, Palestinians throw stones at her vehicle near (Ma’an) with the help of Supreme Court Justice Beit Ummar. (OCHA)

4 v Report on Israeli Settlement January-February 2014 SETTLEMENT TIME LINE

Three Palestinian-plated vehicles are dam- orders that steps be taken to resettle the Beit establishment concerns regarding support aged by settlers in two stone-throwing Hamachpela, in Hebron, and approves con- by public officials, including members of incidents in al-Jalazun. (OCHA) struction of 283 settlement homes in Elkana. the and rabbis, for law breaking by (Arutz 7) settler activists. Israeli forces uproot more than 600 trees and guava, olive, and citrus seedlings in Ras Atiya Settlers destroy more than 20 dunams of October 5 Settlers destroy 129 olive and al-Dabaa villages. (OCHA) Palestinian land near Nablus. (Ma’an) trees near the settlement. (Ha’aretz) Violent confrontations erupt between More than 100 Israeli right-wing activists Palestinians and Israelis when 1,400 Jewish enter the al-Aqsa compound under armed Two Israeli border guards sustain minor worshippers visit Joseph’s Tomb in Nablus. guard and perform religious rituals. (Ma’an) injuries near the village of Burqa, in Nablus (Ma’an) district, during a hit-and-run by a Palestinian Settlers in a passing vehicle spray tear gas driver. (Ma’an) The Jerusalem municipality digs a ditch to in a Palestinian man’s face at a junction in separate the French Hill settlement and the Huwwara, near Nablus. (OCHA) Fifteen olive trees are chopped down and Palestinian neighborhood of Issawiya, claim- olives stolen in the village of Deir Sharaf. Settlers damage more than 70 olive and fig ing it will deter violence and crime. Palestin- (Ha’aretz) trees on Palestinian-owned land near the ian villagers say it causes further isolation. Gil’ad Farm outpost. (OCHA) October 6 A nine-year-old girl is wounded (Ha’aretz) by a masked gunman outside her home in A group of settlers set fire to Palestinian ag- September 15 Settlers chop down 17 olive the Psagot settlement. (Los Angeles Times) ricultural land near Sarra, Nablus, destroying trees on land belonging to the village of Kafr 50 olive trees. (OCHA) October 7 Jerusalem police arrest 14 Jew- Laqif. (Ha’aretz) ish minors on suspicion of committing hate A settler is injured when Palestinians throw A group of settlers from Yitzhar torch a crimes against Palestinians. (Times of Israel) stones at his vehicle near the Rehalim settle- Palestinian home near Nablus. (Ma’an) ment. (OCHA) Settlers from Ariel raze agricultural land in September 16 The IDF demolishes prop- Salfit for settlement expansion. (Ma’an) September 24 Israeli defense minister erty built by Bedouins in Khirbet Khallet Moshe Ya’alon gives the go-ahead for settlers Settlers chop down 35 olive trees in the vil- Makhul, displacing 10 families (48 people), to move into the disputed Machpela House lage of Farata and steal about a quarter of the on the grounds that there are no building in Hebron. (Ma’an) olive crop. (Ha’aretz) permits for Area A. (Ma’an) September 27 Three Palestinians are ar- Settlers damage eight olive trees on land September 19 Settlers physically assault rested for throwing rocks at the Damascus belonging to the village of Ras Karkar and a Palestinian man in Jerusalem’s Old City. Gate, Rockefeller Museum, Rachel’s Tomb, about 60 trees in Jitt. (Ha’aretz) (OCHA) and elsewhere on the West Bank. (Arutz 7) October 8 Israeli soldiers wound a Pales- September 21 Settlers chop down 70 September 30 Ha’aretz reports comments tinian man attempting to cross the security trees and burn 27 others in Kafr Qaddum. by an Israeli Nature and Parks Authority barrier near Qalqilya. (Ma’an) (Ha’aretz) staffer suggesting the development of the na- Settlers set fire to about 400 olive trees in the September 22 An Israeli soldier is shot tional park in Mount Scopus, East Jerusalem, village of Jalud. (Ha’aretz) and killed by a sniper in Hebron’s Old City, is to prevent construction and expansion of sparking two days of clashes, injuring 29 Palestinian neighborhoods in the area. October 9 Settlers set fire to agricultural Palestinians. (OCHA) land in Nablus, destroy dozens of olive trees, October 1 Near Silwan, five cars are dam- attack students at a school Qaryut, and van- The main access road into Hebron from the aged, 15 Christian tombstones vandalized, dalize five cars. (PMG-NAD) south is closed after an Israeli soldier was and “price-tag” sprayed on walls. (YNet) shot and killed by an alleged sniper. It had October 10 Saeb Erekat, a senior Palestine Settlers set fire to a Palestinian car in Burin, been reopened in July following a 12-year Liberation Organization official, condemns near Nablus. (Ma’an) closure by Israeli authorities citing security Israel’s approval of 58 new housing units in for the Beit Haggai settlement. (OCHA) October 2 Settlers damage some 30 olive East Jerusalem. (Ma’an) trees in the village of Jitt. (Ha’aretz) Settlers level agricultural land and uproot 20 Settlers torch three Palestinian cars and spray olive trees in the village of Salfit to build a October 3 Palestinians return to Homesh graffiti in the Burqa. (Ma’an) two weeks after the Israeli government road. (OCHA) Landowners from Zaatara village, near transferred the area, from which settlers were Bethlehem, set foot on their land for the first A group of settlers slash tires on six Palestin- evacuated in September 2005, to the Pales- time in 13 years. It had been closed off by ian vehicles in Sheikh Jarrah and spray them tinian Authority (PA). (Arutz 7) with “price-tag” graffiti. (OCHA) the IDF. (Ma’an) Settlers attack a 60-year-old man in western September 23 Settlers assault a 13-year- Salfit picking olives on his land and force Kol Ha’Ir reports on plans for the construc- old Palestinian boy in Hebron. (OCHA) him to leave at gunpoint. (Ma’an) tion of 80 expensive housing units in the Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu Ha’aretz reports increasing IDF and defense TIME LINE, continued on page 6

January-February 2014 Report on Israeli Settlement v 5 SETTLEMENT TIME LINE

TIME LINE, continued from page 5 Settlers stab three Palestinians in a toy store October 25 The PA sends letters to 50 in Jerusalem. (PMG) countries in launching a new campaign to East Jerusalem settlement of Har Homa. promote a settlement boycott, urging a clamp October 18 In Bilin, one person is wound- down on companies doing business with the October 11 An Israeli reserve colonel is ed after being shot by a tear gas canister and settlements. (Ha’aretz) fatally bludgeoned in his yard in the Jordan dozens of Palestinians suffer from tear gas Valley. Security forces detain five Palestin- inhalation. (Ma’an) October 27 Eight Israelis and a Palestin- ians in connection with the attack. (New York ian child are injured by assailants throwing October 19 Palestinians report that more Times) rocks at cars near al-Fawar, south of Hebron. than 100 olive trees were uprooted in the (Times of Israel) Kol Ha’Ir reports that Israeli environment Krayot village, south of Nablus. Settlers from minister Amir Peretz has decided to suspend Eli are suspected. (Ha’aretz) An elderly al-Funduq village resident dies planning for the Mount Scopus national park from injures sustained after being run over by Settlers prevent residents from harvest- in East Jerusalem. a settler. (PMG) ing olives in Ein Qiniya and threw rocks at October 12 Settlers attack residents from vehicles near Bet El in Ramallah. (PMG) October 28 Settlers assault a Palestinian Susiya picking olives, injuring three. (Ma’an) farmer in the Sinjil area. (Ma’an) October 20 Settlers from Yitzhar attack October 14 A group of 30 settlers attack Palestinian farmers who, with the help of October 29 Settlers level 10 dunums of a Palestinian-driven vehicle with sticks and volunteers from Rabbis for Human Rights, agricultural land in Nablus and install tents stones near Nablus. (Ma’an) had been harvesting olives. (Ha’aretz) in Artas village in Bethlehem. A driver in an Settlers throw rocks at and damage vehicles Israeli vehicle runs over and injures a Pales- October 21 Settlers steal harvested olives at a car dealership in Sheikh Jarrah. (PMG) tinian child in Hebron. (PMG) from Palestinian farms in different areas of A settler stabs a Palestinian in Jerusalem. the West Bank. (Middle East Monitor) October 31 Israeli authorities approve the (PMG) construction of 582 settlement units: 296 October 23 Israeli housing minister Uri in Bet El, 160 in , and 96 in Almog. Olive trees and grapevines are vandalized in Ariel reiterates a call to double the number (PMG) the village of Farata. (Ha’aretz) of Jewish homes in Hebron. (Arutz 7)

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EVOLVING VIEWS OF DEFENSIBLE BORDERS, JUNE 1967

Israel’s lightning defeat of the Egyptian, Syrian, and Jorda- the significant expansion of Israeli control to include territories nian armies in the June 1967 War, and its conquest of territo- that the IDF had conquered earlier that month. However, its ries belonging to each of these states, transformed the Middle recommendations implicitly accepted the principle that some East. Intoxicated by its victory, Israel found itself in a position measure of Israeli withdrawal, notably in Sinai and the Jordan to redraw what Foreign Minister Abba Eban would describe as Valley, would not disadvantage Israel. Israel’s original, post-1948 “Auschwitz borders.” On Novem- Concerning the , the JCS advised that Gaza’s ber 22, 1967, the UN Security Council passed Resolution 242, “retention would be to Israel’s military advantage.” For the which without drawing a map, called for Israel’s withdrawal to West Bank, the JCS, having explicitly been instructed to “secure and recognized boundaries free from threats or acts of ignore all non-security (i.e., demographic) considerations, ad- force.” vised Israeli annexation of the populated West Bank heartland On June 19, within days of the war’s end, the Pentagon’s east of the Armistice Line. Strategic Plans and Policy staff ( J-5) was tasked by the The JCS advised that “at a minimum,” Israel needed to Joint Chiefs of Staff ( JCS) to provide Secretary of Defense establish a defensive line along the mountain ridge that runs Robert S. McNamara with its assessment of “the minimum north-south from Nablus through Hebron, primarily in order territory . . . which Israel might be justified in retaining in to broaden Israel’s narrow “waist.” It did, however, add that the order to permit a more effective defense against possible con- border could move west of Jerusalem “if Jerusalem were to be ventional Arab attack and terrorist raids.” internationalized under the United Nations.” One week after McNamara’s request, the secret observa- By adopting the Allon Plan and its successors, Israeli lead- tions of the JCS’s professional staff were on his desk. The map ers rejected annexation of the populated West Bank heart- drawn is the first public example outlining a U.S. assessment of land—the very region that the Pentagon had identified in June Israel’s territorial requirements in the aftermath of war. (http:// 1967 as vital for Israel’s security. Today, U.S. policy favoring www.marklangfan.com/declassifiedfullreportmarkedup.html.) an independent Palestinian state has eclipsed the JCS recom- On every front, the JCS, basing its assessment “solely on mendations. u military considerations from the Israeli point of view,” advised

6 v Report on Israeli Settlement January-February 2014 FRAMEWORK, continued from page 1 Jordan Valley “for a long time, and wherever they want. Not only on the eastern border but also on western borders. Every- the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights. Israel’s unilateral evacu- where . . . for a long time, for the time they wish. NATO ation of settlers and permanently deployed troops from the can be everywhere, why not?” NATO, he added, “can stay to Gaza Strip in 2005 was also undertaken by Prime Minister reassure the Israelis, and to protect us. We will be demilita- Ariel Sharon in the expectation of increasing Israeli security. rized. . . . Do you think we have any illusion that we can have security if the Israelis do not feel they have security?” But Not for the West Bank Abbas also offered for the first time a transition period In contrast, Israel has not applied this core “land for peace” of three (most recently extended to five) years during which security doctrine to the West Bank. Instead, it remains com- Israel will evacuate all its forces from the new state, along the mitted to maintaining Israel’s occupation and controlling this model of Israel’s previous peace agreements with Egypt and region for historical, religious, and ideological reasons. Israel’s Jordan. But he rejected a “performance test,” which would continuing policy of massive settlement of the West Bank is be “a humiliation for us. They will make a test for us and of an integral part of its policy of maximizing Israeli control of course we will fail.” the West Bank and preventing the emergence of a viable and In recent remarks, in an effort to allay Palestinian suspi- genuinely sovereign Palestinian state. Polls show there is still cions of U.S. intentions, Kerry said that although “Netanyahu considerable bipartisan support in Israel for this policy, yet has made it clear he doesn’t want NATO,” the role of a third other frequent polls show that 75 percent of Israelis would ac- party “is something for the parties to work out.” cept a comprehensive peace agreement. Israel’s quest for absolute security is reflected in its current Various dissenting views from Israelis with military and demand for Palestinian recognition of Israel’s all-but-perma- security backgrounds have challenged Israel’s Jordan Valley nent presence in and control over the Jordan Valley. Such de- policies in recent years. Senior Israeli figures, including former mands would place an untenable burden not just on the future Mossad chief Meir Dagan and members of the prestigious Palestine but also on the entire framework of peaceful relations Council for Peace and Security have argued that Israeli secu- between the two countries. The PLO continues to object in rity will not be threatened by an end to its military presence in principle to the deployment of Israeli forces in the state of the Jordan Valley in the context of peace. Many of these critics Palestine beyond a short, well-defined transition period. The believe that Israel’s fundamental “security problem” in the historical record of agreements between Israel and Jordan and West Bank is its occupation and settlement of the area at the Egypt supports this view. An agreement that requires a con- expense of Palestinians’ freedom and national aspirations. tinuing, long-term presence of Israeli forces beyond a secure and recognized border will not guarantee stability for either Netanyahu’s Allon Plus Plan Israelis or Palestinians, but rather the opposite. u Prime Mister Netanyahu’s security views, however, have not changed since he announced his “Allon Plus” plan more than a decade ago. It proposed outright annexation of 13 percent of the West Bank, plus an additional 33 percent in the Jordan “We need a foothold in the territory, plus Valley under permanent Israeli military control. Since then, security arrangements that will ensure that Netanyahu hardened this policy by opposing any diminution the territory won’t be handed over to hostile of Israel’s military control in the Jordan Valley region or any elements. . . . commitment to withdraw its forces from this area. The reason why we’re willing to reach this Netanyahu’s support for an all but permanent IDF deploy- ment in Palestine, even in the context of a peace agreement, agreement isn’t because we’re denying our histo- provoked a sharp response from PLO Chairman Abbas. On ry, but because there are two million Palestinians November 2, 2013, he described as “a lie” Israeli claims that it and the question is what we do with them,” he needed to remain in the Jordan Valley to protect Israel’s secu- said. “There’s a problem that the Palestinians are rity, and alleged that Israel’s economic interests in the Jordan there, and I have no intention of removing them. Valley are the main reason it demands indefinite control of the It’s impractical and inappropriate. I don’t want a area. binational state, and I don’t want them as either Abbas continues to support an option for a land swap of citizens or subjects. On the other hand, I don’t 1.9 percent of the West Bank initially outlined during the want another Iranian state or al-Qaida state. Annapolis talks in mid-2008. On the security front, he favors Currently, we have no solution.” a third-party military presence on West Bank territory evacu- “Netanyahu: Israel will not evacuate Hebron, ated by Israel. Beit El as part of peace deal,” On February 2, 2014, in an interview with the New York Ha’aretz, January 6, 2014 Times, Abbas reiterated his support for a NATO security role throughout a demilitarized Palestine, including the

January-February 2014 Report on Israeli Settlement v 7 SHORT TAKES During the 2013 olive harvest, OCHA recorded 32 settler “Of course, the Israeli government is to blame for the at- attacks resulting in property damage or injuries, down from tacks of settlers, and not only the settlers. In other words, all the 51 recorded during the olive harvest in 2012. However, the the attacks they carry out, including the burning and attacks number of trees and saplings damaged during this year’s olive on houses, attacks on holy places, including mosques and harvest by settlers (1,492) increased considerably compared to churches, uprooting of trees, and confiscating land—all of his 2012 (986). In addition, while the prior-coordination system happens under the very gaze of the Israeli army and govern- alongside the deployment of additional Israeli forces in “fric- ment, which provides immunity and protection for all these tion areas” have reduced clashes and settler attacks on farmers attacks. . . . The settlers are a group of attackers on Palestinian while they are working, it has proven largely ineffective in land and Palestinian property and houses. This is why we can- preventing vandalism or theft of olive trees throughout the rest not, under any circumstance, accept this Israeli policy, which of the year. In total, during 2013, 10,142 trees were reported ignores all the attacks that are carried out by the settlers in the burned, uprooted, or otherwise vandalized, including in areas West Bank. The moment the army is contacted to report an adjacent to settlements, at times when Palestinian access was attack by the settlers, the Israeli army ignores this and protects restricted, compared to 8,259 trees during 2012. them in their attacks on Palestinian towns and villages. This Lack of adequate law enforcement vis-à-vis settler violence is a complete system that enjoys full immunity by the Israeli in general, and attacks against olive trees in particular, remains government.” of concern. This relates to gaps in terms of preventive mea- Husayn al-Shaykh, Palestinian Authority minister of sures, as well as to measures aimed at holding perpetrators civil affairs and member of the Central Committee, accountable. Al-Quds, January 18, 2014 UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Humanitarian Bulletin Monthly Report, December 2013

We all have a powerful, powerful interest in resolv- campaign that has been building up. People are very ing this conflict. Everywhere I go in the world, sensitive to it. There are talk of boycotts and other wherever I go, I promise you, no exaggeration, the kinds of things. Are we all going to be better with all Far East, Africa, Latin America, one of the first of that? questions out of the mouths of the foreign minister So I’m not going to sit here and give you a measure or prime minister or president is, “Can’t you guys of optimism, but I will give you a full measure of do something to help bring an end to this conflict commitment. President Obama and I, and our between Palestinians and Israelis?” administration are as committed to this as anything Indonesia, people care about it, because it’s become we’re engaged in, because we think it can be a game- either in some places an excuse or in other places changer for the region. an organizing principle for efforts that can be very U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry at the troubling in certain places. I believe that, and you Munich Security Conference, February 1, 2014 see for Israel, there’s an increasing de-legitimization

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