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Lower Sangamon River . : .. !!._._.------'- v-,-ol_u_m_e----:l .• Geology . LOWER SANGAMON RIVER . ~.'. ~ '. ' " ~T", , _.~.. .' AREA ASSESSMENT '~ OEP.-,RTMENT Of NATURAL RESOURCES LOWER SANGAMON.RIVER AREA ASSESSMENT VOLUME 1: GEOLOGY Illinois Department ofNatural Resources Office of Scientific Research and Analysis State Geological Survey Division 615 East Peabody Drive Champaign, Illinois 61820 (217) 333-4747 2000 300 Printed by the authority of the State of Illinois . Other CTAP Publications Lower Sangamon River Area Assessment Vol. 2 Water Resources Vol. 3 Living Resources Vol. 4 Socio-Economic Profile, Environmental Quality, Archaeological Resources The Lower Sdngamon River Basin: An Inventory ofthe Region's Resources - 22-page color booklet Descriptive inventories and area assessments are also available for the following regions: Rock River Lower Rock River Cache River Sinkhole Plain Mackinaw River Sugar-Pecatonica Rivers Illinois Headwaters VermiIion River Illinois Big Rivers Upper Sangamon River Fox River Du Page River Kankakee River Thorn Creek Kishwaukee River Prairie Parklands Embarras River Kaskaskia River Upper Des Plaines River Lower Des Plaines River Illinois River Bluffs Calumet Area Spoon River Lower Des Plaines River Driftless Area Also available: Illinois Land Cover, An Atlas, plus CD-ROM Inventory ofEcologically Resource-Rich Areas in Illinois EcoWatch '98, Annual Report of the Illinois EcoWatch Network Illinois Geographic Information System, CD-ROM of digital geospatial data All CTAP and Ecosystems Program documents are available from the DNR Clearinghouse at (217) 782-7498 or TDD (217) 782-9175. Selected publications are also available on the World Wide Web at http://dnr.state.il.us/ctap/ctaphome.htm, or http://dnr.state.il.us/c2000/manage/partner.htm, as well as on the EcoForum Bulletin Board at I (800) 528-5486 or (217)782-8447. For more information about CTAP, call (217) 524-0500 or e-mail [email protected]; for information on the Ecosystems Program call (217) 782-7940 or e-mail [email protected]. The Illinois Department of Natural Resources does not discriminate based upon race, color, national origin, age, sex, religion or disability in its programs, services, activities and facilities. If you believe that you have been discriminated against or if you wish additional information, please contact the Department at (217) 785-0067 or the U.S. Department of the Interior Office of Equal Employment, Washington, D.C. 20240. About This Report The Lower Sangamon River Area Assessment examines 4,575 square miles in central lllinois. Because significant natural community and species diversity has been found in the watershed, a portion of the assessment area has been designated a state "Resource Rich Area." 1 This report is part of a series of reports on areas of Illinois where a public-private partnership has been formed to protect natural resources. The assessments provide information on the natural and human resources of the area as a basis for managing and improving its ecosystems. The determination of resource rich areas and development of ecosystem-based . information allg management programs in lllinois are the result of three processes - the Critical Trends Assessment Program, 'Conservation Con@'e!;s', aIidWaterResources-and _. Land Use Priorities Task Force. Background The Critical Trends Assessment Program (CTAP) documents changes in ecological conditions. In 1994, using existing information, the program provided a baseline of ecological conditions.2 Three conclusions were drawn from the baseline investigation: 1. the emission and discharge of regulated pollutants over the past 20 years has declined, in some cases dramatically, 2. existing data suggest that the condition of natural ecosystems in llIinois is rapidly declining as a result of fragmentation and continued stress, and 3. data designed to monitor compliance with environmental regulations or the status of individual species are not sufficient to assess ecosystem health statewide. Based on these findings, CTAP has begun to develop methods to systematically monitor ecological conditions and provide information for ecosystem-based management. Five components make up this effort: 1. identify resource rich areas, 2. conduct regional assessments, 3. publish an atlas and inventory of llIinois landcover, 4. train volunteers to collect ecological indicator data, and 5. develop an educational science curriculum which incorporates data collection At the same time that CTAP was publishing its baseline findings, the llIinois Conservation Congress and the Water Resources and Land Use Priorities Task Force were presenting their 1 See Inventory ofResource Rich Areas in Illinois: An Evaluation ofEcological Resources 2 See The Changing Illinois Environment: Critical Trends, summary report and volumes 1-7. iii respective findings. These groups agreed with the CTAP conclusion that the state's ecosystems were declining. Better stewardship was needed, and they determined that a voluntary, incentive-based, grassroots approach would be the most appropriate, one that recognized the inter-relatedness ofeconomic development and natural resource protection and enhancement. From the three initiatives was born Conservation 2000, a program designed to reverse ecosystem degradation, primarily through the Ecosystems Program, a cooperative process of public-private partnerships that merge natural resource stewardship with economic and recreational development. To achieve this goal, the program provides financial incentives and technical assistance to private landowners. At the same time, CTAP identified 30 Resource Rich Areas (RRAs) throughout the state. In RRAs and areas where Ecosystem Partnerships have been formed, CTAP is providing an assessment of the area, drawing from ecological and socio-economic databases to give an ~ overview of the region's resources- geologic,~daphig,hydrologic, biotic, and socio­ economic. Although several ofthe analyses are somewhat r~stricted by spatial and/or temporal limitations of the data, they help to identifY information gaps and additional opportunities and constraints to establishing long-term monitoring programs in the partnership areas. The Lower Sangamon River Area Assessment The Sangamon River basin drains 5,419 square miles and forms the largest watershed of any of the tributaries of the Illinois River. The mainstem of the Sangamon flows more than 240 miles. The assessment area encompasses more than 2,927,900 acres and includes the lower Sangamon River watershed (which includes parts of McLean, Piatt, DeWitt, Macon, Shelby, Christian, Sangamon, Montgomery, Macoupin, Morgan, Menard, Logan, Tazewell, Mason, and Cass counties) and some Illinois River tributaries. Major tributaries to the Sangamon, such as South Fork Sangamon River and Salt Creek, are included. Five natural divisions are encompassed - Grand Prairie (Grand Prairie and Springfield sections), Upper Mississippi River and Illinois River Bottomlands, Illinois , River and Mississippi River Sand Areas, Western Forest-prairie, and Southern Till Plain. Parts or all of four sub-basins on the northwestern edge of the area are designated Resource Rich Areas because they contain signific'ant natural community diversity. This assessment is comprised of four volumes. In Volume I, Geology discusses the geology, soils, and minerals in the assessment area. Volume 2, Water Resources, discusses the surface and groundwater resources and Volume 3, Living Resources, describes the natural vegetation communities and the fauna of the region. Volume 4 contains three parts: Part I, Socio-Economic Profile, discusses the demographics, infrastructure, and economy of the area; Part II, Environmental Quality, discusses air and water quality, and hazardous and toxic waste generation and management in the area; and Part III, Archaeological Resources, identifies and assesses the archaeological sites known in the area. IV t 1 Scale 1:2700000 '",,"==============.'i;;iOOM... ,,'==============,:.i1601tl1Dm1lt•. Drainage basins from 1:24000 scale watershed boundaries as delineated by the U.S.G.S. Water Resource. Division. Mlijor drainage basins oflilinois and location of the Lower Sangamon River Assessment Area -------------------------------------------_.- - I Scale I:982080 j r ~...........__;,oo...........__..........~50 Kilometers Subbasins in the Lower Sangamon River Assessment Area. Subbasin boundaries depicted are those determined by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency. Contributors Introduction: Influence of Geology and Soil on EcosystemDevelopment . ... MymaM. Killey and William W. Shilts Part 1: The Natural Geologic Setting BedrockGeology .............................. C. Pius Weibel Glacial and Surficial Geology . MymaM. Killey with contributions by Lisa R. Smith and ChristopherC. Goldsmith Modem Soils and the Landscape-Influences on Habitat and Agriculture. Michael L. Barnhardt with contributions by LisaR. Smith and ChristopherC. Goldsmith Landscape Features and Natural Areas with Geologic Features oflnterest MymaM. Killey with contributions by Lisa R. Smith and ChristopherC. Goldsmith Land CoverInventory. DonaldE. Luman with contributions by Lisa R. Smith and ChristopherC. Goldsmith Part 2: Geology and Society Mineral Resources . ........................... VijuIpe with contributions by Lisa R. Smith and ChristopherC. Goldsmith AquiferDelineation . Ross D. Browerand Robert C. Vaiden Potential for Contamination ofGroundwaterResources . Donald A. Keefer Regional Earthquake History
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