DOCSLIB.ORG

A Revised Lithostratigraphic Framework and Characteristics of the Upper Devonian Duperow Formation, Southeastern Saskatchewan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Revised Lithostratigraphic Framework and Characteristics of the Upper Devonian Duperow Formation, Southeastern Saskatchewan A Revised Lithostratigraphic Framework and Characteristics of the Upper Devonian Duperow Formation, Southeastern Saskatchewan X.C. Cen 1 and O. Salad Hersi 1 Cen, X.C. and Salad Hersi, O. (2006): A revised lithostratigraphic framework and characteristics of the Upper Devonian Duperow Formation, southeastern Saskatchewan; in Summary of Investigations 2006, Volume 1, Saskatchewan Geological Survey, Sask. Industry Resources, Misc. Rep. 2006-4.1, CD-ROM, Paper A-9, 17p. Abstract The Duperow Formation in southeastern Saskatchewan forms the lower part of the Upper Devonian Saskatchewan Group and consists of three members: Saskatoon, Wymark, and Seward, in ascending order. The Saskatoon Member (17 to 37 m thick) consists of stromatoporoid floatstone, bioclastic wackestone/mudstone and subordinate dolomudstone, and anhydrite. Bioclasts include globular stromatoporoids, corals, brachiopods, bivalves, and crinoids. The Wymark Member (77 to 145 m thick) is also dominated by stromatoporoid/Amphipora floatstone/bafflestone and bioclastic packstone to mudstone with minor dolomudstone and anhydrite interbeds. A thin (0 to 6 m thick), discontinuous halite unit (the Flat Lake Evaporite) locally caps this member. Bioclasts in the carbonate portion of the member include globular stromatoporoids, Amphipora branches, corals, brachiopods, gastropods, and crinoids. The Seward Member (31 to 78 m thick) contains burrow-mottled bioclastic rudstone, packstone, wackestone, mudstone, dolomudstone, and rare anhydrite layers. Gastropods, bivalves, brachiopods, and crinoids form the most abundant framework grains in the member. The three members are internally organized in a shallowing-upward rhythmic sedimentation defined by recurring intervals of bioclast-rich, normal-marine, subtidal to inter-tidal lithofacies grading upward into more restricted lime-mudstone and dolomudstone, and evaporites. The restricting-upward rhythmic sedimentation is attributed to be the result of high-order, relative sea- level fluctuations affecting a broad lagoonal basin (the Duperow Embayment) separated from the open-marine Alberta Basin by coeval carbonate build-ups (e.g., the Leduc reefs). Keywords: southeastern Saskatchewan, Upper Devonian, Duperow Formation, Saskatoon Member, Wymark Member, Seward Member, Flat Lake Evaporite, lithostratigraphy, carbonate-evaporite cycles, Williston Basin. 1. Introduction The Duperow Formation is a Late Devonian carbonate-dominated stratigraphic unit that accumulated in the Williston Basin and occurs in the subsurface of southern Saskatchewan, North Dakota, and Montana. Despite the formation’s chronostratigraphic equivalence to strata that host and produce significant amounts of hydrocarbons (e.g., the Leduc reefs of Alberta and the Duperow Formation of North Dakota and Montana), no substantial petroleum-producing reservoirs have yet been recognized in Saskatchewan. Also, as the stratigraphic, sedimentological, and diagenetic characteristics of the Duperow Formation in Saskatchewan are poorly known in comparison to those of equivalent intervals in the nearby regions, our studies are expected to improve our understanding of the reservoir potential of the formation, and may eventually kindle exploration interest. This paper presents the results of a detailed stratigraphic subsurface investigation of the Duperow Formation of southeastern Saskatchewan. The study area occupies the north-central and northeastern parts of the Williston Basin. It comprises a rectangular area bounded to the east by the Saskatchewan-Manitoba border, to the west by the Third Meridian, to the south by the Canada-U.S.A. border, and to the north by Township 20 (Figure 1). Our findings are based on data collected from 27 cores and 66 wireline logs (Table 1 and Figure 2). More detailed sedimentological information and microfacies examination of the Duperow Formation in southeastern Saskatchewan are provided in another paper in this publication (see Cen and Salad Hersi, this volume). 1 Department of Geology, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK S4S 0A2; E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected]. Saskatchewan Geological Survey 1 Summary of Investigations 2006, Volume 1 0 km 300 2. Geological Setting n The Duperow Formation and the a w e conformably overlying Birdbear h Alberta tc Formation form the Upper a k Devonian Saskatchewan Group. s Calgary a Manitoba n S The Duperow conformably i overlies the Souris River s a Regina Formation of the Manitoba B Group (Figure 3). It was Study area deposited during the Late BC a t Devonian in the southeastern r e Western Canada Sedimentary b Duperow Basin (WCSB) in a backreef l setting southeast of the Leduc A Embayment reef barrier of the Alberta Basin. North Dakota The WCSB, a large, northwest- Montana southeast–oriented basin extending from the northwestern South Northwest Territories to Dakota southwestern Manitoba, was, in Idaho Devonian times, dominated by Wyoming accumulation of thick carbonate deposition (Moore and Richards, Figure 1 - Map showing location of the study area in southeastern Saskatchewan 1989; Wendte, 1992a, 1992b). (boxed area) (modified from Ehrets and Kissling, 1985). The strata are made up of thick, carbonate-dominated rhythmic Table 1 - Well localities in the study area in southeastern Saskatchewan referred to megasequences that indicate in this paper. large-scale sea-level fluctuations. These megasequences include, in Core ascending order, the Upper Elk Location Well Number Wymark Point (Gedinnian to Givetian), Sasktoon Seward lower middle upper the Beaverhill Lake (Givetian to Lower Frasnian), the Woodbend 1 131/11-36-22-1W2 x x x x x (Lower to Middle Frasnian), the 2 16-10-3-25W2 x x x x Winterburn (Upper Frasnian to 3 15-28-12-2W2 x lowermost Famennian), and the 4 6-33-7-8W2 x x x Wabamun (Lower to Upper 5 9-32-7-6W2 x Famennian) (Campbell, 1992; Stoakes, 1992a; Wendte, 1992a, 6 1-8-2-6W2 x x x 1992b, among others). They are 7 8-30-7-8W2 x well developed in the Alberta 8 2-11-10-9W2 x Basin (Figure 4) and become 9 16-34-6-11W2 x x thinner eastward into 10 12-2-7-11W2 x x Saskatchewan. This eastward 11 7-29-6-11W2 x x thinning is accompanied by pronounced lithological changes 12 3-26-4-20W2 x x that warrant application of 13 1-10-3-21W2 x different lithostratigraphic terms 14 11-19-5-28W2 x x x for strata in the eastern regions, 15 16-11-6-25W2 x x x x e.g., Saskatchewan (North 16 7-36-7-25W2 x American Commission on 17 11-14-22-6W2 x x Stratigraphic Nomenclature, 1983). The Beaverhill, 18 6-29-22-6W2 x Woodbend, and Winterburn 19 6-34-14-12W2 x megasequences correlate with, 20 1-28-24-10W2 x respectively, the Manitoba 21 9-20-20-25W2 x x x Group, the Duperow Formation 22 14-10-17-22W2 x x x and the Birdbear Formation of 23 16-10-21-25W2 x x southern Saskatchewan (Figure 4; Stoakes, 1992b). The 24 1-24-20-33W1 x x x x x Beaverhill, Woodbend, and 25 4-16-18-23W2 x Winterburn megasequences of 26 4-21-7-22W2 x 27 141/11-36-22-1W2 x x x x Saskatchewan Geological Survey 2 Summary of Investigations 2006, Volume 1 104 102 106 1 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 25 20 24 23 18 1 27 22 17 23 21 21 24 20 19 18 25 22 17 MOOSE JAW REGINA 16 2 15 1 re 1 14 u 19 ig d 1 F n 13 ,a 0 3 12 , 1 11 , 9 s 8 8 10 re u 9 ig F WEYBURN 8 10 4 5 7 16 26 7 6 15 9 11 14 5 4 12 2 3 13 6 2 ESTEVAN 1 49 Figure 2 - Location of the study wells (filled circles represent wells with cores; open circles represent wells with no cores; both types of wells have wireline logs that are examined in this study). the Alberta Basin are dominated by reefs, open-marine carbonates, and deep-marine shales (Campbell, 1992; SOUTHERN PERIOD STAGE/ Stoakes, 1992b, 1992c). Toward the east, typical AGE SASKATCHEWAN depositional sites include reef-sheltered, shallow- BAKKEN marine to lagoonal settings where cyclic sedimentation THREE of open to restricted carbonates and evaporites FORKS BIG VALLEY FAMENNIAN GROUP predominate. The Duperow Formation, which is the TORQUAY focus of this study, is characterized by rhythmically R BIRDBEAR E bedded, shallow-marine limestones, dolostones, and P P SASKATCHEWAN evaporites organized in a shoaling-upward pattern U GROUP DUPEROW N FRASNIAN (Andrichuk, 1951; Wilson, 1967; Kent, 1963, 1968; A I Dunn, 1975; Wilson and Pilatzke, 1987). The formation N SOURIS RIVER MANITOBA was deposited in a south-southeast–oriented, shallow- O GROUP marine, inner platform setting termed here the V DAWSON BAY E “Duperow Embayment” (Figure 1). Besides E GIVETIAN L PRAIRIE D D ELK EVAPORITE correlations with known Late Devonian strata (e.g., D I POINT Stoakes, 1992a), recent biostratigraphic conodont M EIFELIAN WINNIPEGOSIS GROUP ASHERN dating (McCracken and Kreis, 2003) has indicated that DALEJAN the Duperow Formation is Late Devonian (Frasnian) in R EMSIAN E age. W PRAGIAN O L LOCHKOVIAN Figure 3 - Chart showing Devonian stratigraphic succession of southwestern and southeastern Saskatchewan (after Sask. Industry Resources, 2003). Saskatchewan Geological Survey 3 Summary of Investigations 2006, Volume 1 Saskatchewan Geological Survey 4 Summary Northwest Alberta Southeast NORTHEASTERN SOUTHERN PEACE STURGEON BRITISH COLUMBIA SASKATCHEWAN RIVER LAKE LEDUC KOTCHO THREE FORKS BIRDBEAR WABAMUN GROUP TETCHO,TROUT RIVER,KAKISA REDKNIFE RN GROUP DUPEROW WINTERBU IRETON LEDUC JEAN MARIE WOODBEND FORT SIMPSON GROUP IVER RIS R LEDUC LEDUC SOU ROUP GRANITE AKE G RHILL L WASH BEAVE LINE OF ofInvestigations 2006,Volume1 CROSS SECTION SHALLOW WATER CARBONATE OPEN MARINE BASINAL RESTRICTED CARBONATE- EVAPORITIC SUCCESSION Figure 4 - Schematic cross section showing the lateral relationship between Devonian strata of southern Saskatchewan and those of the Alberta Basin to the west (modified from Stoakes, 1992b).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • L'.3350 Deposmon and DISSOLUTION of the MIDDLE DEVONIAN PRAIRIE FORMATION, Williston BASIN, NORTH DAKOTA and MONTANA By
    l'.3350 DEPOsmON AND DISSOLUTION OF THE MIDDLE DEVONIAN PRAIRIE FORMATION, WilLISTON BASIN, NORTH DAKOTA AND MONTANA by: Chris A. Oglesby T-3350 A thesis submined to the Faculty and the Board of Trustees of the Colorado School of Mines in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Geology). Golden, Colorado Date f:" /2 7 /C''i::-- i ; Signed: Approved: Lee C. Gerhard Thesis Advisor Golden, Colorado - 7 Date' .' Samuel S. Adams, Head Department of Geology and Geological Engineering II T-3350 ABSTRACf Within the Williston basin, thickness variations of the Prairie Formation are common and are interpreted to originate by two processes, differential accumulation of salt during deposition, and differential removal of salt by dissolution. Unambiguous evidence for each process is rare because the Prairie/Winnipegosis interval is seldom cored within the U.S. portion of the basin. Therefore indirect methods, utilizing well logs, provide the principal method for identifying characteristics of the two processes. The results of this study indicate that the two processes can be distinguished using correlations within the Prairie Formation. Several regionally correlative upward-brining, and probably shoaling-upward sequences occur within the Prairie Formation .. Near the basin center, the lowermost sequence is transitional with the underlying Winnipegosis Formation. This transition is characterized by thinly laminated carbonates that become increasingly interbedded with anhydrites of the basin-centered Ratner Member, the remainder of the sequence progresses up through halite and culminates in the halite-dominated Esterhazy potash beds. Two overlying sequences also brine upwards, however, these sequences lack the basal anhydrite and instead begin with halite and culminate in the Belle Plaine and Mountrail potash Members, respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Mannville Group of Saskatchewan
    Saskatchewan Report 223 Industry and Resources Saskatchewan Geological Survey Jura-Cretaceous Success Formation and Lower Cretaceous Mannville Group of Saskatchewan J.E. Christopher 2003 19 48 Printed under the authority of the Minister of Industry and Resources Although the Department of Industry and Resources has exercised all reasonable care in the compilation, interpretation, and production of this report, it is not possible to ensure total accuracy, and all persons who rely on the information contained herein do so at their own risk. The Department of Industry and Resources and the Government of Saskatchewan do not accept liability for any errors, omissions or inaccuracies that may be included in, or derived from, this report. Cover: Clearwater River Valley at Contact Rapids (1.5 km south of latitude 56º45'; latitude 109º30'), Saskatchewan. View towards the north. Scarp of Middle Devonian Methy dolomite at right. Dolomite underlies the Lower Cretaceous McMurray Formation outcrops recessed in the valley walls. Photo by J.E. Christopher. Additional copies of this digital report may be obtained by contacting: Saskatchewan Industry and Resources Publications 2101 Scarth Street, 3rd floor Regina, SK S4P 3V7 (306) 787-2528 FAX: (306) 787-2527 E-mail: [email protected] Recommended Citation: Christopher, J.E. (2003): Jura-Cretaceous Success Formation and Lower Cretaceous Mannville Group of Saskatchewan; Sask. Industry and Resources, Report 223, CD-ROM. Editors: C.F. Gilboy C.T. Harper D.F. Paterson RnD Technical Production: E.H. Nickel M.E. Opseth Production Editor: C.L. Brown Saskatchewan Industry and Resources ii Report 223 Foreword This report, the first on CD to be released by the Petroleum Geology Branch, describes the geology of the Success Formation and the Mannville Group wherever these units are present in Saskatchewan.
    [Show full text]
  • Cross-Section of Paleozoic Rocks of Western North Dakota
    JolfN P. BLOEMLE N. D. Geological Survey NORTH DAKOTA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WILSON M. LAIRD, State Geologist Miscel1aneous Series No. 34 CROSS-SECTION OF PALEOZOIC ROCKS OF WESTERN NORTH DAKOTA BY CLARENCE G. CARLSON Reprinted from Stratigraphic Cross Section of Paleozoic Rocks-Oklahoma to Saskatchewan, 1967: The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Cross Section Publication 5, p. 13-15, 1 Plate Grand Forks, North Dakota, 1967 NORTH DAKOTAI (Section E-F. Plate 5) C. G. CARLSON' Grand Forks, North Dakota INTRODUCTION which, in ascending order, are the Black Island, Icebox, The North Dakota segment of the cross section was and Roughlock. The Black Island generally consists of constructed with the base of the Spearfish Formation as clean quartzose sandstone, the Icebox of greenish-gray, noncalcareous shale, and the Roughlock of greenish-gray the datum. However, the Permian-Triassic boundary to brownish-gray, calcareous shale or siltstone. now is thought to be within redbeds of the Spearfish The Black Island and Icebox Formations can be Formation (Dow, 1964). If this interpretation is cor­ traced northward to Saskatchewan, but they have not rect, perhaps as much as 300 ft of Paleozoic rocks in been recognized as formations there and are included in well 3 and smaller thicknesses in wells I, 2, and 4-12 an undivided Winnipeg Formation. The Black Island are excluded from Plate 5. pinches out southwestward because of nondeposition Wells were selected which best illustrate the Paleozo­ along the Cedar Creek anticline, but the Icebox and ic section and its facies changes in the deeper part of Roughlock Formations, although not present on the the Williston basin.
    [Show full text]
  • National Advisory Committee on Research in the Geological Sciences
    6 -01 NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON RESEARCH IN THE GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES SIXTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 1965-66 ANNUAL REVIEW AND REPORTS OF SUBCOMMITTEES Published by the Geological Survey of Canada as GSC Paper 66 -61 MANUSCRIPT AI'1D National Advisory Cf\ DT()':~AO~JY - APR 3 1967 HR · 1967 Price, 5 D ce nts 1967 SECTION Comn-.:!:~ee SIXTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 1965-66 ANNUAL REVIEW AND REPORTS OF SUBCOMMITTEES @ Crown C opyrights reserved Availa b le by mail from the Queen' s Printer, Otta wa from the Geologi cal Survey of Canada, 601 B ooth St. , Ottawa and a t th e fo llowing Can a dian Governm ent book s h op s: OTTAWA Daly Building, Corner Mackenzie and Rideau TORONTO 221 Yonge Street MONTREAL /Eterna-Vie Building, 1182 St. Catherine St. West WINNIPEG Mall Center Building, 499 Portage Avenue VANCOUVER 657 Granville Avenue HALIFAX 1737 Barrington Street or through your bookseller A deposit copy of this publication is also available for reference in public libraries across Canada Price, 50 cents Cat. No. M44-66-61 Price subject to change without notice ROGER D UHAMEL, F.R.S.C. Queen's Printer and Controller of Stationery Ottawa, Canada 1967 CONTENTS Page MEMBERS OF COMMITTEE . • . • . • • . • . • . • . • • . vii Executive Committee . • . • . • . • • . • • • • . • . viii Projects Subcommittee . • . • . • . • . • • . • • • • • • • • . • . • • • • ix THE YEAR IN REVIEW •.....•.•••••...••••......•..•..•..•..•.• Research grants to universities .•.•••...••.........•....••• Comprehensive studies of Canadian sulphide • • . • . • • . • . • . • . • Z Storage and retrieval of geological data . • . • . • • • . • 3 Geochemical prospecting symposium........................ 6 International Union of Geological Sciences . • . • . • • . • • . • . • . 6 Summary statements and discussion of subcommittee reports.. 7 Changes in personnel of committee ....................... 13 SUBCOMMITTEE REPORTS..................................... 14 Geophysical methods applied to geological problems .
    [Show full text]
  • Potash Deposits in the Devonian Prairie Evaporite, Southwestern Manitoba Lo Eo Gic G a a L B S O U
    Potash deposits in the Devonian Prairie Evaporite, southwestern Manitoba lo eo gic g a a l b s o u t r i v n e a MGS y m M.P.B. Nicolas 1928 Manitoba Geological Survey, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Potash Geology 3. Esterhazy Member The Esterhazy Member is the most economic Potash Exploration potash beds. It consists of euhedral to subhedal halite 2. Regional and Local Geology crystals with large anhedral sylvite crystals and minor 1. Introduction interstitial carnolite and clays (Figure 7 and 8). In Manitoba, the Paleozoic-, Mesozoic- and Cenozoic-age strata form a basinward-thickening, southwesterly- 6. Potash Resource 7. Exploration History The Prairie Evaporite is a thick Denonian-aged evaporitic sloping wedge, with the strata reaching a total thickness of 2.3 km in the extreme southestern corner of Manitoba The Esterhazy Member is intermittently present in R29W1 R28 R27 R26 R25 R24 R23 sequence dominantly consisting of halite and anhydrite. It Legend (Figure 4). The potash-bearing Devonian-age Prairie Evaporite was deposited within the Elk Point Basin (Figure Formal mineral resource estimates have been prepared for The discovery of potash in Manitoba was in an oil well T30 a narrow, elongate strip in southwestern Manitoba, includes four potash-bearing members, from oldest to youngest N 5). The Prairie Evaporite consists mainly of thick halite beds, with minor anhydrite and four localized potash beds. the Russell deposit, most recently in 2009. A historical resource drilled in 1951 at 15-18-10-27W1. This discovery led to salt distribution WA T29 from Township 5 to 21, Ranges 27 to 29 W1 (Figure E A H B C Within the basin, the formation can exceed 210 m in thickness, and lies at depths of 200 to 2,700 m below surface.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Investigations of the Hudson Bay Area Coal Deposits
    Preliminary Investigations of the Hudson Bay Area Coal Deposits J. Berenyi, A. Marsh, and R. Leray 1 Berenyi, J., Marsh, A., and Leray, R. (2009): Preliminary investigations of the Hudson Bay area coal deposits; in Summary of Investigations 2009, Volume 2, Saskatchewan Geological Survey, Sask. Ministry of Energy and Resources, Misc. Rep. 2009-4.2, Paper A-12, 14p. Abstract The discovery of anomalous thicknesses of coal in the Hudson Bay region of east-central Saskatchewan by Goldsource Mines Inc., in the spring of 2008, ignited an unprecedented staking rush for coal in the province. Subsequent drilling by the company has shown that these deposits are not only anomalous in thickness, but also in morphology and depositional environment. Unlike most other coal deposits in Saskatchewan, which are relatively thin (less than a few metres) and more regionally extensive, the Hudson Bay area coal deposits are more localized and have far greater thicknesses of up to 100 m (including partings). Since the initial discovery, the company has identified a total of 11 discrete coal deposits within its 51 942 ha Border Project area. In June of 2009, Saskatchewan Ministry of Energy and Resources staff commenced a study of the stratigraphy, sedimentology, and diagenetic history of the subsurface in and around these discoveries in an attempt to develop a geologic model for these types of deposits. Detailed stratigraphic logging, combined with geophysical well log interpretation, provided the basis for some preliminary interpretations. All of the significant intervals of coal occur within the Cantuar Formation of the Mannville Group. The Cantuar Formation is infilling paleo-topographic lows on the sub-Cantuar unconformity surface.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Report on Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of the Late Devonian Mixed Carbonate-Evaporite Succession of the Duperow Formation, Southeastern Saskatchewan
    Preliminary Report on Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of the Late Devonian Mixed Carbonate-Evaporite Succession of the Duperow Formation, Southeastern Saskatchewan X.C. Cen 1 and O. Salad Hersi 1 Cen, X.C. and Salad Hersi, O. (2005): Preliminary report on sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Late Devonian mixed carbonate-evaporite succession of the Duperow Formation, southeastern Saskatchewan; in Summary of Investigations 2005, Volume 1, Saskatchewan Geological Survey, Sask. Industry Resources, Misc. Rep. 2005-4.1, CD-ROM, Paper A-9, 12p. Abstract The Duperow Formation of southeastern Saskatchewan is divided into four informal units (1 to 4). These units are defined by various lithofacies of laminated to thickly bedded bioclastic limestones, thinly to microbially laminated dolostone, laminated to nodular anhydrite, and rare halite deposits. Bioclasts in the limestone lithofacies include gastropods, bivalves, brachiopods, and stromatoporoids, and represent deposition within an open- to restricted- marine to lagoonal setting. The dolostone, anhydrite, and halite strata are interpreted as supratidal deposits. Limestone, dolostone, and anhydrite comprise the three prominent lithofacies and are preserved as “restricting- upward” rhythmites. The development of repetitive patterns of lithofacies is attributed to cycles of intermittent invasions of normal marine water which evolved to hypersaline brine by evaporative processes. The lateral continuity and regional significance of rhythmites of the Duperow Formation as exhibited by sedimentological, stratigraphic, and microfacies characteristics, and their impact on reservoir quality, are the focus of an on-going research project. Keywords: Duperow Formation, southeastern Saskatchewan, Late Devonian, carbonates, evaporites, rhythmic succession, shallow marine. 1. Introduction This study is focused on sedimentological and stratigraphic features of the Late Devonian Duperow Formation of southeastern Saskatchewan.
    [Show full text]
  • The Letters F and T Refer to Figures Or Tables Respectively
    INDEX The letters f and t refer to figures or tables respectively "A" Marker, 312f, 313f Amherstberg Formation, 664f, 728f, 733,736f, Ashville Formation, 368f, 397, 400f, 412, 416, Abitibi River, 680,683, 706 741f, 765, 796 685 Acadian Orogeny, 686, 725, 727, 727f, 728, Amica-Bear Rock Formation, 544 Asiak Thrust Belt, 60, 82f 767, 771, 807 Amisk lowlands, 604 Askin Group, 259f Active Formation, 128f, 132f, 133, 139, 140f, ammolite see aragonite Assiniboia valley system, 393 145 Amsden Group, 244 Assiniboine Member, 412, 418 Adam Creek, Ont., 693,705f Amundsen Basin, 60, 69, 70f Assiniboine River, 44, 609, 637 Adam Till, 690f, 691, 6911,693 Amundsen Gulf, 476, 477, 478 Athabasca, Alta., 17,18,20f, 387,442,551,552 Adanac Mines, 339 ancestral North America miogeocline, 259f Athabasca Basin, 70f, 494 Adel Mountains, 415 Ancient Innuitian Margin, 51 Athabasca mobile zone see Athabasca Adel Mountains Volcanics, 455 Ancient Wall Complex, 184 polymetamorphic terrane Adirondack Dome, 714, 765 Anderdon Formation, 736f Athabasca oil sands see also oil and gas fields, Adirondack Inlier, 711 Anderdon Member, 664f 19, 21, 22, 386, 392, 507, 553, 606, 607 Adirondack Mountains, 719, 729,743 Anderson Basin, 50f, 52f, 359f, 360, 374, 381, Athabasca Plain, 617f Aftonian Interglacial, 773 382, 398, 399, 400, 401, 417, 477f, 478 Athabasca polymetamorphic terrane, 70f, Aguathuna Formation, 735f, 738f, 743 Anderson Member, 765 71-72,73 Aida Formation, 84,104, 614 Anderson Plain, 38, 106, 116, 122, 146, 325, Athabasca River, 15, 20f, 35, 43, 273f, 287f, Aklak
    [Show full text]
  • RI7120100316.Pdf
    ..-­ "" .. ­ ~. ------­ TIGRAPHIC NAMES DAKOTA ") "­ ........ / \ ~ / / / ---­ \ \ / \ \ } '­ ) "­ I / \ ) \ /' /" /''' , \ .­ ./ "­ "1 /' ,.­ ) ~ / "-­ ~ "­ \. " LEXICON OF STRATIGRAPHIC NAMES j ft OF NORTH DAKOTA i by Joanne Lerud REPORT OF INVESTIGATION NO. 71 NORTH DAKOTA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Don L. Halvorson, State Geologist 1982 Printed by Kaye's Inc., Fargo, ND 58102 1982 ...:. CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION 1 LEXICON . 2 REFERENCES 113 APPENDIX A--NAMED LIGNITE BEDS IN NORTH DAKOTA 115 APPENDIX B--PLEISTOCENE AND HOLOCENE STRATIGRAPHIC NAMES 129 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY--PLEISTOCENE AND HOLOCENE STRATIGRAPHIC TERMINOLOGY . 137 ILLUSTRATIONS Plate 1. North Dakota Stratigraphic Column . (in pocket) INTRODUCTION This lexicon is a modified version of a master's thesis completed at the University of North Dakota entitled, "Lexicon of Bedrock Stratigraphic Names of North Dakota" by Joanne Van Ornum Groenewold (now Joanne V. Lerud). In the thesis she attempted to include all terms previously applied to these strata in North Dakota together with a history of the unit, age, area of extent, lithology, thickness, relationships to other units, characteristic fossils, econ­ 0mic significance, depositional environment, and references to type sections. An attempt to show accepted North Dakota usage was presented by a system of capitalization and underlining. The thesis was entirely a literature search with the information provided for each entry being an edited sum of available information for that term. The lexicons of geologic names of the United States by M. Grace Wilmarth (USGS Bulletin 896) and G. C. Keroher (USGS Bulletins 1200 and 1350) were used extensively for the historical summaries. South Dakota Geological Survey Bulletin 14, entitled, "A guide to the Stratigraphy of South Dakota," by Allen F. Agnew and Paul C.
    [Show full text]
  • Evidence of the Potential for Mississippi Valley-Type Lead-Zinc
    o eol gic g a a l b s o u t r i v n e a MGS y m Update on industrial mineral and stratigraphic investigations in Manitoba 1928 K. Lapenskie, Manitoba Geological Survey Evidence of the potential for Mississippi Gypsum resources in the Amaranth area, west High-purity silica sand of the Winnipeg Phanerozoic corelogging activities in Valley-type lead-zinc deposits in Manitoba shore Lake Manitoba Formation southwestern Manitoba 101°00'W Introduction Summary Introducon Legend Summary DEVONIAN In 2015, the MGS initiated an investigation into the gypsum resources of Manitoba (Lapenskie and Bamburak, 2015). The aim of this The Winnipeg Formation contains some of the purest silica sand deposits in North America. Historically, this silica sand has been Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) deposits consist of stratabound, SBZ The lower Paleozoic stratigraphic framework of southwestern Manitoba contains many inconsistencies (Lammers, 1988; Bezys and ORR DSR Souris River Formation project is to provide a comprehensive update on this commodity, which has been utilized for industrial purposes in Manitoba for over 100 quarried and processed in the province to produce glass. The MGS is re-examining this formation to determine the economic potential of carbonate-hosted assemblages of sphalerite, galena and iron Conley, 1998; Nicolas and Barchyn, 2008; Lapenskie and Nicolas, 2017) (Figure 1). Lateral variations in lithology, facies changes and DDB Dawson Bay Formation years (Bannatyne, 1959, 1977; Gunter, 1987). Economic deposits of gypsum occur in the evaporitic Upper Amaranth Member of the the silica sand for a variety of applications, including as a very high quality proppant for fracking.
    [Show full text]
  • Occurrences of CO2 Within Southwest Saskatchewan: Natural Analogues
    Occurrences of CO2 within Southwest Saskatchewan: Natural 1 Analogues to the Weyburn CO2 Injection Site John Lake 2 and Steve Whittaker Lake, J. and Whittaker, S. (2006): Occurrences of CO2 within southwest Saskatchewan: Natural analogues to the Weyburn CO2 injection site; in Summary of Investigations 2006, Volume 1, Saskatchewan Geological Survey, Misc. Rep. 2006-4.1, CD-ROM, Paper A-5, 14p. Abstract On the western flank of the Williston Basin in southwestern Saskatchewan, CO2 occurs in natural accumulations within Devonian carbonates and Cambrian siliciclastics. Inert gases from some carbonate reservoirs contain 3 greater than 80% CO2 and have sustained flow rates up to 425 000 m /day. Early estimates of this resource suggested nearly two million tonnes of CO2 or about one billion cubic metres of recoverable gas are present in these rocks. These natural CO2 occurrences are found about 400 km west of the site of the IEA Weyburn CO2 Storage and Monitoring Project, which is directed toward assessing the potential for safe geological storage of anthropogenic CO2 in Mississippian carbonates. This study is focused on the Devonian natural CO2 accumulations because of geological similarity to the Weyburn injection site and because they contain the greatest amount of CO2. Inert gases in southwestern Saskatchewan, including variable amounts of N2, He, and CO2, are generally trapped in Devonian strata of the Duperow Formation within a succession of thin cycles of carbonates capped by evaporite units. The cycles resulted from deposition within shallow, periodically restricted waters along a carbonate platform. The strata vary from dolomitized limestones to limestones. Within reservoir intervals, porosities are generally around 6 to 8%, but may be as high as 18%.
    [Show full text]
  • 2004 Mesozoic Stratigraphy of The
    WCSB/TGI II FIELD TRIP SASKATCHEWAN/MANITOBA September 7-10th, 2004 MESOZOIC STRATIGRAPHY OF THE MANITOBA ESCARPMENT By J.D. Bamburak1 and J.E. Christopher2 1 Manitoba Geological Survey Manitoba Industry, Economic Development and Mines 360-1395 Ellice Avenue Winnipeg, MB., R3G 3P2 2 Saskatchewan Geological Survey Saskatchewan Industry and Resources 201 Dewdney Avenue Regina, SK., S4N 4G3 Figure 1: Manitoba Escarpment and upland components. Left – LANDSAT 7 mosaic. Bands 1, 2, and 3 (visible spectrum) were assigned to the colours blue, green, and red (respectively), resulting in a close to real colour image. Cultural elements (roads and township grid) and geographic elements (rivers) were added to each image. Right – Location map from McNeil and Caldwell (1981). PART I: STRATIGRAPHIC SETTING INTRODUCTION McNeil and Caldwell (1981) defined the Manitoba Escarpment (Fig. 1) as being composed mainly of Cretaceous rocks that form part of the eastern erosional edge of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin- a composite feature which includes both the Elk Point Basin, centered in south-central Saskatchewan (which controlled Devonian deposition), and the Williston Basin, centered in northwestern North Dakota (which controlled the depositional patterns throughout the remainder of post-Cambrian time). The escarpment extends for 675 km from the Pasquia Hills in Saskatchewan, across southwestern Manitoba, to the Pembina Mountain area of North Dakota. The escarpment ranges in relief from a height from 442 m in the Pasquia Hills to 90 m to Pembina Mountain in North Dakota. The escarpment forms the irregular riser between the First Prairie Level on the Manitoba Lowlands and the second step, which forms Second Prairie Level to the west (Fig.
    [Show full text]