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Jefferson County Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Assessment 2011 2
Jefferson County Department of Emergency Management 81 Elkins Road, Port Hadlock, Washington 98339 - Phone: (360) 385-9368 Email: [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS PURPOSE 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 I. INTRODUCTION 6 II. GEOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS 6 III. DEMOGRAPHIC ASPECTS 7 IV. SIGNIFICANT HISTORICAL DISASTER EVENTS 9 V. NATURAL HAZARDS 12 • AVALANCHE 13 • DROUGHT 14 • EARTHQUAKES 17 • FLOOD 24 • LANDSLIDE 32 • SEVERE LOCAL STORM 34 • TSUNAMI / SEICHE 38 • VOLCANO 42 • WILDLAND / FOREST / INTERFACE FIRES 45 VI. TECHNOLOGICAL (HUMAN MADE) HAZARDS 48 • CIVIL DISTURBANCE 49 • DAM FAILURE 51 • ENERGY EMERGENCY 53 • FOOD AND WATER CONTAMINATION 56 • HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 58 • MARINE OIL SPILL – MAJOR POLLUTION EVENT 60 • SHELTER / REFUGE SITE 62 • TERRORISM 64 • URBAN FIRE 67 RESOURCES / REFERENCES 69 Jefferson County Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Assessment 2011 2 PURPOSE This Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Assessment (HIVA) document describes known natural and technological (human-made) hazards that could potentially impact the lives, economy, environment, and property of residents of Jefferson County. It provides a foundation for further planning to ensure that County leadership, agencies, and citizens are aware and prepared to meet the effects of disasters and emergencies. Incident management cannot be event driven. Through increased awareness and preventive measures, the ultimate goal is to help ensure a unified approach that will lesson vulnerability to hazards over time. The HIVA is not a detailed study, but a general overview of known hazards that can affect Jefferson County. Jefferson County Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Assessment 2011 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY An integrated emergency management approach involves hazard identification, risk assessment, and vulnerability analysis. This document, the Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Assessment (HIVA) describes the hazard identification and assessment of both natural hazards and technological, or human caused hazards, which exist for the people of Jefferson County. -
Great Washington State Birding Trail OLYMPIC LOOP
OLYMPIC LOOP INDEX Sites Page Sites Page INFO KEY 1 1 Nisqually National 2 32 Morse Creek 8 Wildlife Refuge 33 Dungeness National Wildlife 2 Tumwater Historical Park Refuge 3 Capitol Lake 34 Dungeness River Audubon 4 Grass Lake Refuge Center 5 McLane Creek Nature 3 35 Dungeness Bay Trail 36 John Wayne Marina 6 Kennedy Creek 37 Jimmycomelately Creek 9 7 Friends Landing 38 Protection Island National 8 Grays Harbor National Wildlife Refuge Wildlife Refuge 39 Kah Tai Lagoon Park 9 Humptulips Estuary 4 40 Fort Worden State Park 10 Damon Point 41 Chimacum Creek Estuary 11 Ocean Shores North Jetty 42 Fort Flagler State Park 12 Point Grenville 43 Big Quilcene River 10 13 Campbell Tree Grove Estuary 14 Lake Quinault 44 Mt. Walker 15 Kalaloch Creek 5 45 Dosewallips State Park 16 4th Beach 46 Hamma Hamma Beaver Pond 17 Hoh Rainforest 47 Potlatch State Park 11 18 Anderson Homestead 48 Skokomish Delta 19 La Push 49 Twanoh State Park 20 Quillayute River Estuary 50 GeorgeAdamsSalmon 21 Lake Ozette 6 Hatchery 22 Hobuck Beach 51 Panhandle Lake 4H Camp 23 Cape Flattery 52 Oakland Bay 24 Clallam Bay Park 53 Jarrell Cove State Park 25 Pillar Point County Park 54 Theler Wetlands 12 26 Salt Creek County Park 7 27 Elwha River Estuary CREDITS 12 28 Lake Crescent 29 Whiskey Bend Trail 30 Hurricane Ridge © Ed Newbold, Tufted Puffins 31 Ediz Hook The Great Washington State Birding Trail 1 OLYMPIC LOOP INFO KEY MAp Icons LocAl SERVices And Highlights Best seasons for birding( spring, summer, fall,winter) Overall Washington: www.experiencewashington.com Olympic BirdFest: First weekend in April, Developed camping available, including restrooms; fee required. -
10-Day Washington Biodiversity Tour This Itinerary
10-day Washington Biodiversity Tour This itinerary describes the “car-camping” tour. If you choose to join a tour that provides hotels/cabins, the stops and locations are approximately the same. We recommend the camping tour because we will see more birds and wildlife while staying at the campgrounds. We have wonderfully comfortable tents and sleeping pads. Day 0, Seattle: You will need to arrive in Seattle the night before the tour starts. You are responsible for booking and paying for your hotel in Seattle. Day 1, Heart O’ Hills: Tour begins with pick up at the Bainbridge ferry terminal at 10:15am. The downtown Seattle ferry leaves at 9:35am, it is 35 minutes across Puget Sound, and arrives at Bainbridge at 10:10am. From Bainbridge it is a 2-hour drive (90 miles) to Hurricane Ridge in Olympic National Park where will do some easy walking and sightseeing. We will have a picnic lunch and spend the afternoon there. Hurricane Ridge is at an elevation of 5,242 feet and has amazing views of Olympic National Park. From Hurricane Ridge, it is a 30-minute drive (12 miles) to Heart O’ Hills campground in Olympic National Park, where we will be camping for the night. Day 2, Salt Creek: From Heart O’ the Hills it is a 1-hour drive (45 miles) to the Sol Duc Valley in Olympic National Park. Along this route we will make several stops for viewing waterfalls and Lake Crescent. From the Sol Duc it is a 1-hour drive (45 miles) to Salt Creek, which is along the waterfront cliffs of the Strait of Juan de Fuca. -
COLUMBIA Index, 1987-1996, Volumes 1
COLUMBIA The Magazine of Northwest History index 1987-1996 Volumes One through Ten Compiled by Robert C. Carriker and Mary E. Petty Published by the WashingtonState Historical Society with assistancefrom the WilliamL. DavisS.J Endowment of Gonzaga University Tacoma, Washington 1999 COLUMBIA The Magazine of Northwest History index 1987-1996 Volumes One through Ten EDITORS John McClelland, Jr., Interim Editor (1987-1988) and Founding Editor (1988-1996) David L. Nicandri, ExecutiveEditor (1988-1996) Christina Orange Dubois, AssistantEditor (1988-1991) and ManagingEditor/Desi gner (1992-1996) Robert C. Carriker, Book Review Editor ( 1987-1996) Arthur Dwelley, Associate Editor( 1988-1989) Cass Salzwedel, AssistantEditor (1987-1988) ArnyShepard Hines, Designer (1987-1991) Carolyn Simonson, CopyEditor ( 1991-1996) MANAGEMENT Christopher Lee, Business Manager (1988-1996) Gladys C. Para, CirculationManrtger (1987-1988) Marie De Long, Circulation Manager (1989-1996) EDITORIAL ADVISORS Knute 0. Berger (1987-1989) David M. Buerge (1987-1990) Keith A. Murray ( 1987-1989) J. William T. Youngs (1987-1991) Harold P. Simonson (1988-1989) Robert C. Wing (1989-1991) Arthur Dwelley (1990-1991) Robert A. Clark (1991) William L. Lang (1991-1992) STAFF CONTRIBUTORS Elaine Miller (1988-1996) JoyWerlink (1988-1996) Richard Frederick (1988-1996) Edward Nolan (1989-1996) Copyright © 1999 Washington State Historical Society All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission fromthe publisher. ISBN 0-917048-72-5 Printed in the United States of America by Johnson-Cox Company INTRODUCTION COLUMBIA's initial index is the result of a two-year collaborative effort by a librarian and a historian. Standards established by professionals in the field were followed. -
Highway Drive Time: 1.5 to 2 Hours One Way Beginning at Either End Washington State Route 112 More Information
Located on the north edge of Washington State’s Olympic Peninsula, the natural beauty of this National Scenic The Strait of Byway is as unique as it is spectacular. Its remote stretches of rugged coastline will make your ride along its Juan de Fuca 61-mile length a stand-out adventure. The Strait of Juan de Fuca connects the Pacic Ocean with Puget Sound, parallels the western half of the Strait and traverses the northwestern corner of the United States. Highway Drive Time: 1.5 to 2 hours one way beginning at either end Washington State Route 112 More information: www.highway112.org Distances Port Angeles Joyce Cl. Bay/Sekiu Lake Ozette Neah Bay & Mileages Miles / Time Miles / Time Miles / Time Miles / Time Miles / Time 17 Tatoosh Island & Makah Cultural and Port Angeles 16/24 min. 50/1 hr.16 min. 75/2hrs.7 min. 68/1 hr.47 min. Lighthouse Research Center Joyce 16/24 min. 34/53 min. 59/1 hr.45 min. 54/1 hr.20 min. Cape Flattery Neah Bay Cl. Bay/Sekiu 50/1 hr.16 min. 34/53 min. 25/50 min. 20/32 min. Vancouver Island 12 Lake Ozette 75/2hrs.7 min. 59/1 hr.45 min. 25/50 min. 38/1 hr.11 min. Neah Bay Sail and Seal Rocks Victoria Neah Bay 68/1 hr.47 min. 54/1 hr.20 min. 75/2hrs.7 min. 38/1 hr.11 min. Au to and P Hobuck Beach 13 Makah Strait of Juan de Fuca Makah Bay Reservation assenger-Only F Flattery Rocks Sooes Ri National Wildlife Clallam Bay Spit Refuge Sekiu 112 Point ve 10 County Park Shi Shi Beach r Clallam Bay Point of the Arches erries er Clallam Bay Ozette Indian Sekiu Pillar Point o Riv Village Hok 9 County Park Archaeological Pysht -
Olympic National Park
Olympic National Park Zoë Trager 1 Table of Contents Overview 3 Hoh Rainforest 4 Pacific Coast 5 Olympic Mountains 6 Weather 7 Diversity 8-9 Elwha River Restoration 10-11 Park Protection 12 Glossary 13-14 2 Overview The Olympic National Park covers nearly one million acres in the northwest of Washington State. The Olympic National Park is very diverse. It includes three different ecosystems: mountains, pacific coast, and temperate rain forest. 3 Hoh Rainforest The Hoh Rainforest is a part of the Olympic National Park. It is a temperate rainforest. The canopy is lush and green due to all of the rain the area gets. The Hoh Rainforest is covered in a layer of mosses and ferns as well. 4 Pacific Coast Beautiful sunsets can be seen on the coastlines of the Pacific Ocean when visiting the Olympic National Park. Grey whales can be seen spouting in the water. Seals, sea lions, and sea otters are also often swimming in the Pacific Ocean or resting on the beaches. 5 Olympic Mountains Mount Olympus is the highest peak in the Olympic Mountain Range, reaching 7,980 feet at the summit. Hurricane Ridge is a great lookout point to view the Olympic Mountains. 6 Weather Temperate rainforests have mild weather, so it is never extremely cold or extremely hot How much does it rain in temperate rainforests? In the Hoh Rainforest, the average rainfall per year is 140 to 170 inches, which is 12 to 14 feet! 7 Diversity How is there so much diversity in the Olympic National Park? Since there are high mountain peaks and low-lying rivers, there are many changes in elevation. -
A Review of Lichen and Bryophyte Elemental Content Literature with Reference to Pacific Northwest Species
United States Department of Agriculture A Review of Lichen and Bryophyte Forest Service Elemental Content Literature with Pacific Northwest Region Reference to Pacific Northwest Species March 1999 Platismatia glauca A Review of Lichen and Bryophyte Elemental Content Literature with Reference to Pacific Northwest Species Prepared for United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest by Fred M. Rhoades Mycena Consulting 4320 Dumas Avenue Bellingham, WA 98226 Copies of this document can be obtained by contacting: Air Program Manager Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest 21905 64th ave. West Mountlake Terrace, WA 98043 425-744-3200 ABSTRACT More than 500 references on the elemental content of lichens, mosses and liverworts are reviewed to facilitate the use of elemental analysis in environmental biomonitoring in the Pacific Northwest. An introductory section, four appendices, and a spreadsheet database are presented to help organize these studies: 1) an introduction to the subject, methodology, and review of the sources of elevated values for the more commonly-analyzed elements, including a table extracted from the spreadsheet database of species-specific background/enhancement levels for 8 lichen and 3 moss species of the Pacific Northwest, 2) a list of worldwide species and the studies that have used each species in elemental content work, 3) a list of common sources of enhanced levels of elements and the references referring to those sources, and 4) a matrix of elemental content for most commonly analyzed-for elements vs. Pacific Northwest species (listing reports for each species separately and including levels for other elements not in the main matrix). -
Dixy Lee Ray Governor
REPRESENTATIVES WINSLEY, SHIRLEY J. (Republican) Rep resentative from the 28th District, Pierce County, comprising the communities of Lakewood, University Place, Fircrest, Steila coom, Tillicum, and Day Island. Appointed to the House in 1974, is now serving her first elective term. Born in Fosston, Minne sota, moved to Tacoma in 1947. Attended Tacoma Community College, Pacific Lutheran University. A certified property tax appraiser, is presently Manager of the Lakewood Area Chamber of Commerce, Chairman of the Fircrest Planning Com mission, Treasurer of the Pierce County Dixy Lee Ray Health Council. She and her husband, Gordon, have a son and a daughter. Governor I naugurated January 12, 1977 ZIMMERMAN, HAROLD S. (HAL) (Re publican) Representative from the 17th District (Klickitat, Skamania, and part of Dixy Lee Ray, 17th governor of Washington State, is also Clark Counties) is serving his sixth term. the first woman to be elected to that office. Born in 1923 in Valley City, North Dakota. Born in Tacoma on September 3, 1914, she attended Graduate, University of Washington with grade school and high school there, then went to Mills a SA degree, is Editor-Publisher of Post COllege in Oakland for a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1937 Publications, Camas. Served in the Air and a Master of Arts in 1938. She earned her doctorate in Force in World War II . Past President, biology in 1945 at Stanford University. Washington Newspaper Publishers Asso ciation. Member, Sigma Chi, United Meth Dr. Ray was a high school teacher in Oakland from 1938 odist Church, Kiwanis, Grange, Young to 1942. She spent years on the faculty of the University Life Council, Youth Out-reach Board, Re of Washington, teaching marine invertebrate zoology, con gional Social & Health Services Board. -
5-Day Olympic Peninsula Tour This Itinerary Describes the “Car
5-day Olympic Peninsula Tour This itinerary describes the “car-camping” tour. If you choose to join a tour that provides hotels/cabins, the stops and locations are approximately the same. We recommend the camping tour because we will see more birds and wildlife while staying at the campgrounds. We have wonderfully comfortable tents and sleeping pads. Day 0, Seattle: You will need to arrive in Seattle the night before the tour starts. You are responsible for booking and paying for your hotel in Seattle. Day 1, Heart O’ Hills: Tour begins with pick up at the Bainbridge ferry terminal at 10:15am. The downtown Seattle ferry leaves at 9:35am, it is 35 minutes across Puget Sound, and arrives at Bainbridge at 10:10am. From Bainbridge it is a 2-hour drive (90 miles) to Hurricane Ridge in Olympic National Park where will do some easy walking and sightseeing. We will have a picnic lunch and spend the afternoon there. Hurricane Ridge is at an elevation of 5,242 feet and has amazing views of Olympic National Park. From Hurricane Ridge, it is a 30-minute drive (12 miles) to Heart O’ Hills campground in Olympic National Park, where we will be camping for the night. Day 2, Salt Creek: From Heart O’ the Hills it is a 1-hour drive (45 miles) to the Sol Duc Valley in Olympic National Park. Along this route we will make several stops for viewing waterfalls and Lake Crescent. From the Sol Duc it is a 1-hour drive (45 miles) to Salt Creek, which is along the waterfront cliffs of the Strait of Juan de Fuca. -
Adventures in the Wild Northwest
Adventures in the Wild Northwest Your itinerary Start Location Visited Location Plane End Location Cruise Train Over night Ferry Day 1 with the Local winery owners for a gourmet Be My Guest lunch before an evening Arrive San Francisco at leisure. Kickstart your exploration of America's rugged Pacific Northwest in 'The City'. Hotel - Portland Marriott Downtown Waterfront Check-in to your hotel located just a short walk from Union Square and the exotic sights and sounds of Chinatown. Then, take to San Francisco's hilly streets and Included Meals - Full Breakfast, Lunch immerse yourself in its vibrant energy. This evening, you'll meet your Travel Day 7 Director and fellow travellers at a Welcome Reception. Portland Sightseeing Hotel - Hyatt Regency San Francisco Admire the natural beauty of Oregon's historic Columbia River Highway, imagining a time when Model Ts would ramble over bridges and through tunnels Included Meals - Welcome Reception hand-hewn from the mountain rock. Pay tribute to the brave Oregon pioneers at Day 2 Vista House and admire panoramic views of the winding Columbia River below. San Francisco – Humboldt Redwood We journey to the two-tiered Multnomah Falls, the second-highest year-round waterfall in the United States, then enjoy some free time for lunch in Hood River in State Park – Eureka the heart of the Columbia River Gorge. Consider indulging in the local speciality of Admire the orange glow of one of the world's most beloved bridges as you join salmon and chips, washed down with one of many craft beers for which Oregon is your Travel Director for a stroll across San Francisco's landmark Golden Gate so famous, and visit Timberline Lodge on the slopes of the snowcapped Mount Bridge. -
Nearshore Living
NearShore Living A Homeowner’s Guide Developed by: to Creating Better Ground in Our Community With funding support from: and BetterGround.org photo © Shannon Bly “If there is magic on this planet, it is contained in water.” - Loren Eiseley The Pacific Northwest is a unique and magical place – where else can you stand on a sandy bluff, a muted green forest at your back, harbor seals sunning on sharp black rocks over the white capped sea, and look up over fir covered islands at a snowcapped, slumbering volcano? For us devoted inhabitants of the Puget Sound, with our salt-brined skin and moss tinged hearts, protecting and preserving the glorious landscape of the Pacific Northwest is part of life here. In our pursuit of better ground, we can’t overlook our region’s defining resource. Water is the first authority of our land. In this publication, we’ll show you the water systems that you live within, and give you some actions you can take to protect water resources on your property and in your community. We are your local conservation district, and our mission is to inspire stewardship of our shared natural resources. Stewardship means taking intentional actions that benefit not just our- selves, but the ecosystem around us as well. It’s the path to improving our water resources and all the beings that depend on them, humans included. It’s the knowledge that we are all in this together. How can we be good stewards of our waters, which give us life? And not just any life, our unique and stunning PNW island life. -
Historylink.Org Supplement for Washington: a State of Contrasts
Photo of Gatewood School students on last day of school, Seattle, June 17, 1949. Courtesy Museum of History & Industry. HistoryLink.org Supplement for Washington: A State of Contrasts 1 Washington: A State of Contrasts has been identified as the most commonly used Washington state History textbook for 7th and 8th grades for the 2011-12 school year. Using this textbook as a base for identifying the specific themes and topics that are being covered in required Pacific Northwest History middle school classes, the Education Team at HistoryLink.org has created this supplement for teacher and students. This supplement was developed as a tool to assist in identifying HistoryLink.org essays that can be used to study and research the state history themes and topic in more depth. The name of each relevant essay is listed as well as the abstract, number, and link to the full essay. This supplement also aids HistoryLink.org in identifying general or specific topics for which more essays are needed or would be helpful in the Washington state History classroom. In addition, as a part of this exercise, HistoryLink.org staff assigned appropriate key words to selected essays to match those used in this textbook. A set of HistoryLink Elementary essays was added to the HistoryLink encyclopedia in 2014. (http://www.historylink.org/Index.cfm?DisplayPage=education/elementary- educators.cfm.) These essays were written for beginning readers who are studying Washington state history or anyone who wants to learn more about Washington. They may be helpful for some of your students. All HistoryLink Elementary essays are based on existing HistoryLink essays.