1964 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 5285 work experience, occupational counseling, Pennsylvania. (He was appointed during the On March 13, 1964: and placement services are the answer. last recess of the Senate.) H.R. 1182. An act for the relief of Wllly 5. Those who are living in a locality or Howard C. Bratton, of New Mexico, to be Sapuschnin; area where the former means of livelihood U.S. district judge for the district of New H.R. 1295. An act for the relief of Edith has ceased to exist or to afford tolerable Mexico. and Joseph Sharon; living standards. For the employable per H.R. 1355. An act for the relief of Stanis sons in such an area new means of liveli •• .... •• lawa Ouelette; hood must be brought in or they must be H.R. 1384. An act for the relief of Areti assisted to move out. The unemployable HOUSE.OF REPRESENTATIVES Siozos Paidas; persons in such depressed areas fall within H.R. 1455. An act for the relief of Ewald the same situation as in (1) above. Johan Consen; 6. Those whose social and personal prob MoNDAY, MARCH 16, 1964 H.R. 1520. An act for the relief of Jozefa lems have brought them to a point of self Trzcinska Biskup and Ivanka Stalcer Vla defeating discouragement. These are the The House met at 12 o'clock noon. hovic; people who have sought escape in delin Rabbi. Arthur Schneier, M.A., of Con H.R. 1521. An act for the relief of Lovorko quency, mental illness,. alcoholism, chronic gregation Zichron Ephraim, offered the Lucie; dependency, and other forms of social isola following prayer: H.R. 1723. An act for the relief of Agnese tion. These people may need individual Almighty God, our Founding Fathers, Brienza; supportive help in addition to the other H.R. 1886. An act for the relief of Valeriano remedies listed if they are to break the bonds touched by Thine infinite wisdom, forged T. Ebreo; of poverty. a union of self -governing states. The H.R. 4085. An act for the relief of Tlbor One common denominator which aggra self-rule of individual communities mold Horcsik; vates all of these other causes of poverty is ed into national unity, strengthened the H.R. 4284. An act for the relief of Chry minority status. Thus equal opportunity American character of initiative and re santhos Kyriakou; for all Americans is basic to the war on sourcefulness. It made us freemen in H .R . 4682. An act for the relief of Mr. and poverty. Mrs. Fred T. Winfield; There is some danger in the current usage stead of slaves of the state. This in of the term "culture of poverty" because it dependent spirit, in 300 years, developed H.R. 5144. An act for the relief of Doyle A. suggests that something other than absence small New Amsterdam into the thriving Ballou; of money distinguishes the poor as a group metropolis of New York. H.R. 5617. An act for the relief of Elizabeth from the rest of us. It is true that poverty 0 Lord, help us resist pressure and Renee Louise Gabrielle Huffer; is discouraging, deb111tating, and cuts people temptation to alter the delicate balance H.R. 6313. An .act for the relief of Stanis off from the mainstream of American life. of Government power. May these sacred law Kuryj; But there is a danger in suggesting that H.R. 6320. An act for the relief of Walter these qualities are intrinsic to the poor them halls not become pressure chambers of L. Mathews. and others; selves rather than the end-product of re selfishness. Help us rather execute what H.R. 6477. An act for the relief of Capt. mediable social ms. The danger lies in the is right in Thy sight. Otis R. Bowles; ease with which this assumption moves to Knowing that our cities and States H.R. 6591. An act for the relief of Con ward the charge that the poor are poor by can become outposts of national honor stantine Theothoropoulos; their own fault. or disgrace, 0 God, help us cast aside H.R. 7347. An act for the relief of Teresa Mr. HART. Mr. President, the Sen provincial pride which keeps our hearts :Jlllliopoulos and Anastasia Elliopoulos; ator from West Virginia requested that from one another. May we unite "in the H.R. 7533. An act for the relief of Deme this material be printed in the RECORD fight against poverty and human misery trios Dousopoulos; so that everyone in our land can grate H .R. 8085. An act for the relief of Roy W. as it relates to a matter of deep and Ficken; continuing concern to him. fully proclaim, "We have eaten, we are satisfied, blessed be Thy name, 0 Lord." H.R. 8322. An act for the relief of John _Amen. George Kostantoyannis; and H.R. 8507. An act for the relief of certain ILLNESS OF SENATOR RANDOLPH, medical and dental offl.cers of the Air Force. OF WEST VIRGINIA THE JOURNAL Mr. HART. As we all know, with re gret, the Senator from West Virginia The Journal of the proceedings of FEDERAL PAY RAISE BILL [Mr. RANDOLPH] is confined to Doctors Thursday, March 12, 1964, was read and Hospital and it will be several days be approved. Mr. ROUSH. Mr. Speaker, I ask fore he can return to the Senate. I am unanimous consent to address the House glad to report that he is resting com for 1 minute and 'to revise and. extend my fortably, and there is every indication MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT remarks. The SPEAKER. Is there objection that the surgical correction of the eye A message in writing from the Presi has been a success. to the request of the gentleman from dent of the United States was communi Indiana? cated to the House by Mr. Ratchford; There was no objection. RECESS UNTIL MONDAY AT 11 A.M. one of his secretaries, who also informed the House that on the following dates Mr. ROUSH. Mr. Speaker, a great Mr. HART. Mr. President, if there the President approved and signed bills number of us found ourselves in a most is no further business to come before of the House of the following titles: difficult position last Thursday when we the Senate at this time, I move, pur considered the pay raise bill. Most of On March 10, 1964: us recognized a need for a general pay suant to the order entered yesterday, H.R. 5982. An act for the relief of Pas March 13, 1964, that the Senate stand quale Fiorica; increase among Federal employees. in recess until 11 a.m. Monday. H.R. 7235. An act to amend sections 671 Exclude from this bill those unreason The motion was agreed to; and If the~ incr ea..c:;es in the t~p - pay PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE ON . Now we propose to propo!:tfon our na brackets could be red.uced s& as to prq POVERTY tlonal effort-PUblie, private, and; indi vide for a modest incttas~. then'I wo~ vid ~-to create opportunity fcir ~ Mr. BOG . Mt. Speaker. I as~ suppo~d bill. t have this But, as stoo unat.timous eon~ntto address the House full .development of the potential of I had to vote against it. Beca~e ol the for 1 mi.nQte and to revise and extend every American. support l want to giv'e to th~ Fedenfl my remarks. In edu~tiOQ , in the economY, in rural employee I hoPe that this ma~r migitt The SPEAKmi. Is there objection slougp. and urban shnp., this is a d y of be recollSldered an(l we might have 8.11- hope--the dawn of dist 'buti~ justice. other chance vote. on a reasonable to th~ request of t~ gentleman from to Lo~ana ? · pay raise bill. There was no objection. ~f . BOGGS. Mr. Speaker. the Pres THE BAKEft INVESTIGATION ident~s program fot com~ing poverty SELECT COMMIT"''EE ON SMALL Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, I ask in America is one of the motn; sweepmg unanimous consent tO addr~s t~e ~ouse BUS~ ever pr-esen~ to the Co!l§ress. Its prae for a minute and to revise and extena my Mr. EVINS.s ~.Speaker , I ask unan ti~ approach recognizes that povertf remarkS. imous conse t that the Bo~ Select mu'st be attacked fromman.y differertt di} - Th'e SPEAKER. Is there objection to recttons-that there ~s no single panac~ Committee on S~ Business be per-r 1 the request of the gentleman from Iowa? mitted to sit during> general debat_e on for reducing the extent and severity of There was nc objection. March 17 an4 18 next. pave~. I like the emphasis which the program Mr. GROSS. MI:. Speaker it is time The SPEAK~ . Is the~e obje~ion to for a singfe standard for witnesses a~ the request of the gentleman from Ten places on loca{l initiativ_e and planning. It is proper that each commllllity should peartng before congressional committees. nessee? It is time to em;l the doulDe standa~ There was no objection. ta~ _t~e lead, with FederaJ financia1 as sistance, in determi~ how to reduce tr~atment t~~t has resulteO. in th~ cod poverty in its own area. dlirxg of White House Aid Walter Jen kins. Wlu(t h~ bee in the miiU;l of the PRESIDENTS MESSAGE ON Tw~ of the programs recommended the National Job Canis t~ wor~ committee that refuses to c~ hb:p, an~ anli continues to insulate hilh against any POVERTY study program-bri~ back meuior~ of possible perjuey prosecution? M~. ALBERT. Mt. Speaker, I ask twp o'f the finest programs ever und~ unanimous conset;xt to address the House taken by this Nation-the CcC--Civilian M~. Dop Reynolds was questioned for 1 minute and to revise and extend Conservation Corps-and th~ NYA-Na under oath. He has said he wiB return my remark&. · tional Youth Administration. Back in for still more questioning as to the con The SPE.A¢. Is the~ obJection tht! 1930's the CCC an~ the NY A won tradiction betw~ hiS testimony and to the request of the gentleman from almost universal acclanp for what thef the statement attributed to Jenkins. Oklahoma-? ~i~ for the youth of that.generation, an(l The committee co~l h~ tri~ to There was no objection. It Is my ferve~t hope that these nefl pro. rationalize the double standar'd. He re Mr. ALBER'f. Mr. Speaker, this ls grams will furnisli the same great help fuse$ tQ put Jenkins under oatJi anp a historic day for the Congress. To for the poverty-stricken youth o~ this question him on the arrangements under day we have received a message from the generation. which $1,20b was paid tG the L.B.J. Co. Je~ w~ President which commi~ this Nation The selection of Sargent Shriv~r to co am employee of the other to a total, unrelenting, and--4 an;1 sure- ordinate and supervise this program is bodY at the time of the transaction. a suceessf~ war agamst poverty. a magnificent choice. His direction of The fact that he has become a White Hou~ employee should give him no im We enjoy in this country today un the Peace Corps has won unprecedent~ precedented prosperity anQ. aflluence, internation~ acclaiin, and h~ reputa munity now. but fully a fl1th of our people do not tiotl as a diplomatic, farseeuw. dollarr Had there been np corurontation b~ share it. Thi~ is an intolerable situ~ conscio~ administrator of great skill Will t~een Whitak~ Cllambe~ anti Alger tion. The President has spoken for all get President Johnson's antipoverty prO Hiss there would have been only incon of us in his determination that the bene gram off to a fine. ~tart. clusive denials and coverups. fits of our advanced technology and, It is the duty of Congress to find the perhaps even more importantly, the truth, aD(i to diligently search out the THE DAY OP DISTRIBUTIVE facts when there are contradictions. If American conscience will be directed now JUSTICE to bringing basic seeurity and comfort to Congress fails, then there can be no re the more than 30 million Americans who Mr. CAREY. Mr. Speaker, I asf spect for the authority of Congress. do not have such security an(i comfort. unanimous ·consent to address the House M~ . Speaker, part 1 of the hearing There is no single cause or aspect of for 1 minute. record of the Senate Rules CoiJllliittee poverty. It must, therefore, be fought The SPEAKER. Is there objection to contains a memorandtllfl prepared by on many fronts and with many weapons. the request of the gentleman !rom New two committee staff member.s from which The President's recommendations con York? I quote the !allowing: stitute a well-roundeQ., coordinated series There was no objection. Mr. Jenkl~ has no knowledge of any con of specific programs. Emphasis will be Mr. CAREY. Mr. Speaker, we have versation between Mr. Baines and Mr. Reyb on youth, because we seek not onlY to the message am1 the target is povertY. olds, nor does he have any knowledge of an;y No citizen can de!V iq; effect, no legis arrangements by which Reynolds purchased relieve today's poverty but to prevent advertising time on the TV station. tomorrow's. lator can be indifferent to its exiStence I hail the President's message, because in a land of abundance blessed by In the same hearing record-part 1- it puts its emphasis on what all Amer providen~. the counsel for the committee. M)'. Mc icans can do in this great crusade--not The message is as important as the Clendon, questioned Mr. Reynolds, as just the Federal Government. Every messag_e. The proposals are truly in ac follows: cord with the principle and virtue of community in America will now be chal Mr. McCLENDo:N. What comment, if any, do distributive justice. yo\} have to m~e abo~t the content o'i th'e lenged to take part. They respeet the freedom of the indi statements made by Mr. Jenkins in the in The Congress will now work its will vidual and the unity of tlre family. terview? on the specific recommendations of the They enlist all our effort and re Mr. REYNOLDS. No. 1 is the statement that President. I am confident that his mes sources--public and private--without he had no knowledge of any question of ad sage sets us on the right course. The discrimination as to persons or projects. vertising time to be purchased from KTBC. American people will join President This distributive justice program ad which is a station owned by L.B.J. Co., sir. Johnson in hoping for quick and com Mr. MCCLENDON. A~ your statement iS dresses itself to OW' national dilemma. Mr. REYNOLDS. He did have knowledge and prehensive action by the Congress. This Under our national creed we are cre discusse41 it with me, sir. And he discussed is now our round. Let the people whO ated equal but through the predicament it directly with the president o! the Mid will benefit from this program know ot poverty we have been too long Atlantic Stainless Steel Co., Mr. Albert G. we will not let them ;doW!l. unequ&l. Young. 1964 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 5287 Mr. Speaker, Mr. Reynolds appeared What does this poverty mean to those The act does not merely expand old before the committee and testified under who endure it? programs or improve what is already be oath. Mr. Jenkins, the Presidential aid, It means a daily struggle to secure the ing done. has_ not been called to do likewise al necessities for even a meager existence. It charts a new course. though there is here a clear case of per It means that the abundance, the com It strikes at the causes, not just the jury on the part of someone. forts, the opportunities they see all consequences of poverty. The public is entitled to the truth. around them are beyond their grasp. It can be a milestone in our 180-year Worst of all, it means hopelessness for search for a better life for our people. the young. This act provides five basic opportuni CALL OF THE PRIVATE CALENDAR The young man or woman who grows ties. ON TUESDAY up without a decent education, in a It will give almost half a million under Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I ask broken home, in a hostile and squalid privileged young Americans the opportu unanimous consent to address the House environment, in ill health or in the face nity to develop skills, continue education, for 1 minute. of racial injustice--that young man or and find useful work. The SPEAKER. Is there objection woman is often trapped in a life of It will give every American community to the request of the gentleman from poverty. the opportunity to develop a comprehen Oklahoma? He does not have the skills demanded sive plan to fight its own poverty-and There was no objection. by a complex society. He does not know help them to carry out their plans. Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I take how to acquire those skills. He faces a It will give dedicated Americans the this time to advise the House that while mounting sense of despair which drains opportunity to enlist as volunteers in the the call of the Private Calendar was an initiative and ambition and energy. war against poverty. nounced during the announcement of the Our tax cut will create millions of new It will give many workers and farmers program last week, it was erroneously jobs-new exits from poverty. the opportunity to break through partic omitted in the printing of the whip no But we must also strike down all the ular barriers which bar their escape from tice. I take this time to advise Members barriers which keep many from using poverty. that the Private Calendar will be called those exits. It will give the entire Nation the op as usual under the rule tomorrow. The war on poverty is not a struggle portunity for a concerted attack on pov simply to support people, to make them erty through the establishment, under dependent on the generosity of others. my direction, of the ·Offi.ce of Economic POVERTY-MESSAGE FROM THE It is a struggle to give people a chance. Opportunity, a national headquarters for PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED ~t is an effort to allow them to develop the war against poverty. STATES I think it should be stressed that this Mr. SAYLOR. In oth~r words, the bill M:f. SAYLOR. That would not be amendment will not foreclose or limit in as originally drawn required th~ Atorrut mandatory. You are now coming around any way the oppor,tunity for interested Energy Commission to hold public beat to jus't what I was afraid of. persons to be hea:r((i Oil any subject af ings within the first 90 days of every M:i. HOLIFIELD. No. fecti~ the atomic energy program. It session of the Congress? Mr. SAYLOR. You are now saying merely provides the flexibility which is Mr. HOLIFIELD. It is the Atomic you are going to determ~e and the peo necessary to adjust the committee's Energy Committee, not Commission. ple on this committee are going to de schedule'to the requirements of congres Mr. SAYLOR. The Joint Committee termi~e whether or not hearings should sional business. on Atomi~ Energy? be held. If that was your intention, then Mr. Speaker, I urge the prompt enact Mr. HOLIFIELD. That is right. why did you not say so in the first place? ment of this bill. Mr. SAYLOR. The word that is The SPEA~. The time of the gen Mr. HOSMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield changed is the word "shall" to "may"; tleman from Pennsylvania has expired. 5 minutes to the gentleman from Penn is that correct? Mr. HOSMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 sylvania [Mr. SAYLOR]. Mr. HOLIFIELD. That is correct. additional minutes to the gentleman Mr. SAYLOR. So that at the end of from Pennsylvania. CALL OJ' THE HOU:SJ!! the first 90 days of any session of Con Mr. HOLIFIELD. If the gentleman Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, I make the gress you have not held any hearings, will refer to page 2 of the report he will point of order that a. quorum is not then you have complied with the law; is note the following language: present. that correct? This amendment is not intended to fore The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Mr. HOLIFIELD. There is not a com- close or limit in any way the opportunity Missouri makes the point of order that a mittee in the House that has a manda to be heard on subjects affecting the atomic quorum is not present. Evidently, a tory requirement for hearings imposed energy program. It will merely provide the quorum is not present. upon them. This was done for a special flexib111ty required to adjust the commit Mr. ASPINALL. Mr. Speaker, I move purpose at a special time. In view of the tee's schedule in accordance with -the re a call of the.House. legislation of last year which put upon quirements of congressional business. A call of the House was ordered. , the Joint Committee the responsibility It puts the committee in the same po The Clerk called the roll, and the fol- for holding complete authorization hear sition as the Committee on Interior and lowing Members failed to answer to their ings, then our committee is going to do Insular Af:Iairs, that the members of the names: its duty and it will hold hearings, as it committee determine what hearings they [Roll No. 68] · has this year, on every facet of the bill; will hold, and where and when. It is the Alger Fulton, Pa. O'Brien, m. therefore, the language which is sought same with all committees of the House. Ashley Fulton, Tenn. O'Brien, N.Y. to be changed is merely a change in the Mr. SAYLOR. If that is your inten Avery Gallagher O'Hara, Mich. languQ.ge to bring it up to date with tion, then what you are doing here does not say it. . e::;tt gffE~s g~~~Minn. ~i~t~:~~:.sp~f~~~~~:~ ifr~~hg!~~l~~~~ Mr. HOLIFIELD. I disagree with the Bolling Grabowski Patten means to infer that our committee will gentleman. · Bonner g~~~er ~~~fut~ not hold hearings on the authoriza- Mr. ASPINALL. Mr. Speaker, will the :~~~well Gurney Pirnie tion bill, then I am surprised at the gen- gentleman yield? Bruce Haley Powell tleman. Mr. SAYLOR. I yield to the gentle :~~~Cali!. ~!~!r: ~~~ki Mr. SAYLOR. I have never said that man from Colorado. Byrne, Pa. Harvey, Mich. Randall . you would not hold hearings on the au- Mr. ASPINALL. It happens that Cahill Hays Reid, N.Y. thorization bills. You made that state- so no mandatory hearings would have to be g::~on ~:~~ ~f~. s.c. meThnt, ntoht_I. I d b t d held on the question of the raw ma cener Henderson Roberts, Ala. e Ing am concerne a ou , an Clausen, Hoffman Rodino the reason I have taken this time, is to terials. Hearings were held during the Don H. Holland Rogers, Tex. try to get the record straight that this 87th Congress, during the fall of 1962. The chairman of the Subcommittee on ~~!:n· Del ~~~~~gs ::::~~;wski bill as originally passed served a very Raw Materials, the gentleman from Conte Johnson, Pa. Roybal useful purpose. It gives not only the Cramer Jones, Ala. St. George Joint Committee on Atomic Energy but Colorado, now speaking, recently sent out 400 letters to producers and everybody ~~!rio ~~h ~t~e~ain those who have been friends and foes of Davis, Tenn. Kelly Schadeberg atomic energy the opportunity to appear else concerned to see Whether or not Delaney Keogh Sheppard before your committee and be heard. there should be any further hearings. I Dent Kirwan Smith, Iowa Now, if what the gentleman is trying received 30 answers. Some of them sug ~:~hue ~n~C:ynskl ~ra~~r:; to say is that you intend to hold no fur- gested no hearings were necessary, Dowdy Lloyd steed ther hearings except as far as your au- others said further hearings might be necessary. When we looked over those =:: ~~~~~ ~~i~~~~ali!. thorization is concerned, then I think we found it was largely an administra Edwards Macdonald11 Thompson, N.J. we ought to know it right now. Elliott Martin, Cali!. Tollefson Mr. HOLIFIELD. The gentleman did tive matter. As to the appropriations for 1965, hearings were held by the Joint ~!!.~~ein ~a~~n. Mass. ~~~;n not say that. We will hold hearings on Feighan M!ad;ws Vinson various subjects throughout the - year. Committee on Atomic Energy during a Finnegan Minish Wallhauser Any subject matter which is necessary period of 5 weeks. The Senator from Fino Minshall Watson to be heard by the committee will be Rhode Island, Mr. PASTORE, and the gen tleman from California [Mr. HoLIFIELD] Flynt ~~~~ ;pc~~;;ham heard. =rty Multer wmts Mr. SAYLOR. Let me say to the chair- chaired such meetings. Forrester Murray Wydler man of the committee, and it is right The committee spent a total of 60 Fraser Nelsen there in this record, if that was the in- hours in public hearings and executive Friedel Nix tention of the Joint Committee on hearings reviewing each AEC program The SPEAKER. On this rollcall 292 Atomic Energy I am surprised at the Ian in detail; 21 hearings were held in pub Members have answered to their names, guage that h~ bee:p presented here for lic sessions and 6 hearings in executive a quorum. us to vote upon today. Of course, if that session on classified matters. By unanimous consent, further pro- was the intention of the committee then My colleague kl:\ows as far as the great ceedings under the call were dispensed you should have written a bill and coal industry of the United States is con with. changed section 202 to say that if at any cerned that two of the repr~ta.tives of The SPEAKER. The gentleman from time during a session of Congress a mat the coal industry appeared before the Pennsylvania [Mr. SAYLOR] is recognized. ter came to the attention of the Joint committee relative to their position on Committee on Aomic Energy which co& and power matters having to do with Mr. SAYLOR. Mr. Speaker, the bill would require hearings you would hold the atomic energy pr~ram. May I sa~ which we are considering changes one those hearings. I thi$, if I remember correctlY, in the word in section 202 of the Atomic Energy Mr. HOLIFIELD. Does any commit 5 years that I hav~ been on the commit Act qf 1954; is that-correct? tee in the House impose upon itself such tee the most logie1!1 c~ and construe· Mr. HOLIFIELD. That is correct. a mandatory provision? tive testimony that the representatives 1964 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 5293 of the coal industry have ever presented FRANKFORT, March 14.-There is an unan It 1s this profound complicity which the was presented during the time that they swerable question hovering over the court Frankfurt prosecution is trying to open up room at Frankfurt, where 22 of Hitler's SS by sticking to its seemingly simple conten were appearing on the authorization bill (elite guard) men are on trial for murder tion that all murder is murder. this year. ing inmates in the Ausch wi tz concentration With the atomic bomb in so many differ Mr. SAYLOR. I might say to the camp during World War II. ent hands now it might be well to take a chairman of the Joint Committee on Can the kind of movement which gave good look at the ordinariness of most of the Atomic Energy, and my colleague, the life-and-death power to such men ever again de.fendants in Frankfurt. gentleman from Colorado, who is a mem rise in Germany? The thought is hateful, to be sure, and ber of the committee, I think the record The doctor testifying hour after hour this no one would wlllingly think it, but we do, we are writing here today will serve a day leaves no doubt about the facts. He was after all, live in the century when more very useful purpose. I think it will in himself an inmate but since he did get more people have been killed by other people than food than the othP.rs he is here to tell the at any other period. dicate not only to the Members of the tale. Perhaps the deepest respect we can pay present Congress, but to Members of And as he describes babies ripped from the mlllions of innocent dead is to examine future Congresses and to the present and their mothers' arms, bed linen changed what we believe about murder, and our re future members of this committee that twice a year, the almost total absence of sponsibility as survivors for the future. any time there is an important matter medicine, Red Cross trucks being used to on which hearings should be held, we transport prisoners to their deaths, tortures have been given the assurance by the and beatings-and names one of the de HENRY J. KAISER, PATRIOT AND HU present chairman and other members fendants after the other as the actual per MANITARIAN, ENTITLED TO SPE petrators, the German housewives who com CIAL RECOGNITION of the committee that proper hearings prise most of the jury burst into tears or sit will be held. That, Mr. Speaker, is the with open horror in their faces. Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask only reason I have taken this time in the Imbedded in every word of testimony and unanimous consent to address the House well. in the very existence of this trial is a dilem for 1 minute, to revise and extend my Mr. HOLIFIELD. Mr. Speaker, will ma which is first of all a German dilemma, remarks, . and 'to include extraneous the gentleman yield? given the history of concentration camps, but matter. Mr. SAYLOR. I am happy to yield to is actually an unresolved problem for all The SPEAKER. Is there objection the gentleman. mankind. For the final defense of these accused is that they acted under government to the request of the gentleman from Mr. HOLIFIELD. I appreciate the orders. Texas? gentleman's interest, and if he needs any The point which the prosecution is trying There was no objection. reassurances I have the record here be to open up first to Germany, and then to Mr. PATMAN. Mr. Speaker, to recog fore me that the members of the coal the world, is individual conscience and re nize the patriotism and humanitarian industry have been invited every year to sponsib111ty in the face of inhuman orders. service of a fellow American is one of testify before our committee. In some A judge (who has no connection with this the proudest acts this Congress can years they have testified and in other trial), told me that his fears for Germany perform. years they have signified they did not stemmed from precisely this profound tend ency to abjure freedom of choice, to fall Today, I have that very great honor, care to testify. But the record of the into llne on orders from above. Mr. Speaker, to introduce, for appropri committee is that they have been invited This trial will go on for about a year dm ate reference a bill authorizing the Con every year to testify. There will be no ing which time some 300 psychologically and gress of the United States of America intention on the part of the committee physically scarred survivors wlll face the high tb bestow upon Henry J. Kaiser the Con to foreclose any legitimate person who tribunal in Frankfurt, living evidence of how gressional Medal of National Honor and has an interest in atomic energy business one of the most educated, technically devel thereby expressing the admiration, re and wants to come to testify. We have oped and artistic nations in the world gave spect, and appreciation in which he is never turned down anyone from the coal itself over to the absolute will of beings it held by the Congress, by the people of industry who wanted to testify before is dlfticult to call human. And while that testimony fills the silent the United States, and by the people of our committee. courtroom, and the world press prints its the world for his contributions to up Mr. SAYLOR. With this assurance highlights, German industry will pour out holding the dignity of man. from the chairman of the committee, I its excellent automobiles, machine tools, Further, this bill authorizes and re think, Mr. Speaker, the bill should be electronic equipment. German theaters wlll quests the President of the United States passed. excellently produce operas and plays. Ger: to present to Mr. Kaiser a gold medal in The SPEAKER. The question is on man publishers will put out beautifully de the name of the people of the United suspending the rules and passing the bill. signed books. States at an appropriate program of The question was taken; and handcuff and throttle anti-Communist ele A further bit of Smith's advice was this, WOULD OBLITERATE VALLEY ments. and we quote: The enemy's position was improved by "Stop attempting to alter the form and The proposed 200-foot dam would Khrushchev's pat-on-the-back announce structure of our Government without re cause the inundation of almost the entire ments to Fidel Castro following the Panama course to the people themselves as provided Pemigewasset Valley from the Livermore explosion in January-and without a single in their own Constitution. The country be Falls site in Campton, north to a point word of protest by the American Govern longs to the people, and it doesn't belong beyond Woodstock. It would fiood out ment. to any admini!tration." cemeteries, schools, industries, churches, Improved by the increasing Soviet m111tary To this sage advice, AI Smith added, and homes, and some of the State's prime bulldup in Cuba, exposed by Democratic we quote: It Senator THOMAS J. DoDD, of Connecticut, "Next I sugegst that they read their oath farmland. would, indeed, obliterate · and denied by Secretary of Defense Mc of office to support the Constitution of the this entire beautiful valley as we know it Namara. Improved by the incredible steps United States, and I ask them to remember today. It would mean the loss of pay toward the unilateral disarmament of the that they took that oath with their hands rolls conservatively estimated at above $5 United States and by the equally incredible on the Holy Bible, thereby calling upon ·God million. affronts to our natural and longtime allies Almighty himself to witness their solemn KILLS PLANNING--HURTS NORTH COUNTRY throughout the world. promises." We trust that it is not impertinent to Those were days, Mr. President, days when The construction of the dam, and the f}Sk, Mr. President, if your attention has been a great leader of the Democratic Party could flooding of a 12-square mile area, would directed to the 37-page report of the Joint and would speak. out like that in public necessitate relocation of a 3-mile strip of Committee on Atomic Energy, titled, "Nu places, and even refer to God Almighty with Interstate Defense Highway 93 at Camp clear Propulsion for Naval Surface Vessels" out worrying about offending Moscow-<>r the ton, which has just been built at a cost with its startling glimpses of the McNamara United NationS-<>r the U.S. Supreme Court. strategy of disarming the United States? I think we all know pretty well, sir, what AI of $1 million. Besides extensive relocs Further, have you been afforded an oppor Smith's choice would be today if he were tion of other transportation facilities, the tunity, sir, to read the views of Walter P. standing at the forks of the road. We can threat of the dam hangs like the sword M1llis, one of the advisers of the U.S. Arms be sure that he would say, as he so often of Damocles over the entire valley. Control and Disarmament Agency? Mr. did, "Well, let's look at the record.'' Thank While the dam is being considered, con M1llis is an associate of Secretary Mc you, Mr. President. struction, planning, economic develoP Namara's in the so-called "Center for Demo ment, and indeed, the progress of Route cratic Institutions," of which Mr. McNa mara is listed as a founding member. Here, 93 northward in the area will all come LIVERMORE FALLS DAM-TOWN to a dead halt. The indefinite holding up Mr. President, is what Mr. M1llis wrote in his TAXPAYERS JOIN THE OPPOSI "Permanent Peace," a publication issued by of Route 93 will be harmful to the en the Center, and we quote: TION tire North Country. "If the price of avoiding all-out thermo Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, I ask FLOOD CONTROL BY OTHER METHODS nuclear war should prove to be acquiescence unanimous consent that the gentleman I am fully aware of the possibility and in the 'Communist domination of the world' from New Hampshire [Mr. CLEVELAND] or any of the other unpleasant imaginings threat of fioods downstream but there against which we cling futilely, to the war may extend his remarks at this point in are cheaper and better solutions readily · system, to preserve us, it seems possible that the RECORD and include extraneous at hand than this multiple-purpose pro the price wm be paid." matter. posal. The Baker River watershed pro America wants to know. Mr. President, if The SPEAKER. Is there objection ject, using a series of small dams to do that phllosophy represents a guideline for to the request of the gentleman from the job of one big one, is a good exam stripping the United States of its defenses Kansas? ple. This approach could be applied first the Army, then the Air Force, and now There was no objection. the Navy. to the upper reaches of the Pemige Now, sir, and by the way of stark contrast, Mr. CLEVELAND. Mr. Speaker, wasset and its major tributaries for and to let a little fresh air and old-fashioned critics of congressional drives for econ downstream protection. American attitude into this whole matter omy frequently state that Congressmen If a large dam is necessary-and I do you remember, Mr. President, what that are only for economy which does not af want to make it cle'ar that I am not OP great all-American Democrat, the late Alfred fect their own districts. I object. As a posed to large dams per se-one might E. Smith, predicted in January 1936, in his Congressman who is for economy in be located above Lincoln on the east famous "take-a-walk" speech. We quote government, I am opposed to plans for that happy warrior: branch of the Pemigewasset. Proof of an unneeded Federal dam in my district, the fact that I am not opposed to large "Let us give this solemn warning," he said. which is estimated to cost more than "There can be only one Capitol-Washington dams is my active support of the or Moscow. There can be only one atmos $50 million. proposed Pontook Dam above Berlin. phere of government-the clear, pure fresh My opposition to the proposed dam at In that area, however, damage and hu air of free America, or the foul breath of Livermore Falls, north of Plymouth, man dislocation would be insignificant communistic Russia. There can be only one N.H., in the beautiful Pemigewasset Val and the benefits in relation to costs and flag-the Stars and Stripes or the Red flag ley, commenced in October 1963, at which hardship far superior. of the godless union of the Soviet. There time the Baker River watershed project can be only one National Anthem: 'The Star was approved by the House Oommittee DAM IS NOT ECONOMICALLY SOUND Spangled Banner' or the 'Internationale.' We have recently heard comment that There can be only one victor." on Public Works on which I serve. It seemed logical to me that the concept of Congressmen are for economy except in That was in 1936, Mr. President, when the their own districts. Again I want the great American who had been the nominee of small impoundments on tributaries, the Democratic Convention at Houston, Tex., which characterizes watershed projects, record to show that I am for economy broke with the New Deal because of its pro could be applied in crowded river valleys and the proposed Livermore Dam and Soviet policies which were at that time being to avoid the catastrophic impact of a Reservoir does not meet my standards of engineered by such as Alger Hiss, Lauchlin single large dam. During October, No economy. Therefore, I oppose this $50 Currie, and Harry Dexter White, all of which vember, and December, I studied in de million project for my district. activity was exposed and chronicled by the The U.S. Government has declared Senate Internal Security Subcommittee in tail the proposed Livermore Falls Dam Senate Report No. 2050. with my staff. As a result of my studies, Grafton County a distressed area with Do you remember, sir, what AI Smith sug I have concluded that, despite my high a low rate of employment and it seems gested to the leaders of the Democratic Party regard for the U.S. Corps of Engineers, the height of folly to consider seriously in his famous speech before the American their proposals for a dam at Livermore a project that will knock out most of Liberty League? One of his suggestions was Falls are not in keeping with the best the industry in the valley and payrolls to, and we quote: interests of the State and the immediate conservatively estimated at $5 million. "Stop compromising with the fundamental area involved. The proposal may be The collateral value of the project in principles laid down by Jackson and Jefferson feasible on the drawing boards but I be the production of power may be a smoke and Cleveland." lieve what has not been given proper screen because there seems no unmet Granted that sort of talk would probably raise nothing more than a snicker in most consideration is the shattering and detri need for additional electric power. Rec Washington circles today, there are millions mental effects of this installation in reational values are highly debatable for of grassroot Americans out in the hustings, terms of human and community values various reasons. Above all, however, we who breathe a prayerful "Amen" to Smith's which dwarf, by comparison, the stated come back to the human equation and words. benefits. commonsense. Proponents of the dam 5298 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE March 16 have just not carried the burden of proof day. For some strange reason, the act gas and suffocation during a fire than that this ·project makes sense. applied to apparel only and never cov those who are actually burned to death. I strongly oppose the construction of ered such vital things as sheets, covers, Our newspapers are full of accounts of the Livermore Falls Dam. Unless this blankets, comforters, pillowcases, quilts, fires which caused death or injury and project is dropped, as I hope it is, it bedspreads, and so forth. which originated in homes. Last year will eventually come before the Public At the time this bill was passed, most in this country fires caused over 11,000 Works Committee of the House of Repre of the new synthetic fibers were just in deaths, 150,000 were seriously injured sentatives, of which I am a member. As the process of being developed and intro with terrific suffering and property dam long as I am a Member of Congress I will duced to the American market. This age was over $1,700 million. Over 60 continue to oppose this project, as includes all the acrylic fibers such as percent of the tragedies occurred in presently outlined. Orion, Acrilan, Cresland, Zefran; the homes where the major factor was the TEN TOWNS OPPOSE DAM modacrylics such as Verel and Dynal; speed with which the fires developed. Mr. Speaker, as · the. entire Nation the polyesters such as Dacron and a host On February 4 of this year a 5-year-old knows, on March 10 the voters of New of other less known synthetics. Since girl was burned to death when a blanket Hampshire went to .the polls. The re that time, many of these fibers, which in which she was wrapped was ignited by sults of the presidential primary have are not only quite flammable, but pro the sparks from a nearby electric heater. made history. What is not so widely duce a dangerous· hot melt resulting in This girl was the 14th child to die in known, Mr. Speaker, is the fact that the serious or possibly fatal burns, as well as fires in New York since January 1, 1964. voters of 10 towns in the Pemigewasset poisonous gases during combustion, If an epidemic happened every year in area registered their sturdy disapproval have been adopted and are in widespread this country taking so many lives, the of the proposed dam at Livermore Falls. use today. Especially when used for Government would do something to try The voters of the towns of Lincoln, bedding, these fabrics are potentially to prevent a reoccurrence of it. Woodstock, Thornton, Campton, Hold dangerous to the user because of the There are already many evidences of erness, Plymouth, Rumney, Dorchester, speed and intensity of flame with which where properly treated materials are re Warren, and Wentworth all voted to op those fabrics burn and their ease of sistant to fire. Others could be made pose the high dam at Livermore Falls as ignition, and because of the design of safe by the application of special finishes, proposed by the U.S. Corps of Engineers. the weave. Millions of homes are being and methods are now available for flame The voters in some of these towns raised filled with many fabrics of this descrip proofing, but no manufacturers are doing and appropriated tax dollars to be used, tion with no consideration to the inflam it now because flame proofing is expen if necessary, by their selectmen to help mable qualities, and I feel that this pro sive and they feel the public will not pay the Livermore Falls Dam Study Com tective legislation should be updated. the added cost. It is too bad that lives mittee in its continued opposition to the Let me cite a few examples: Take the are lost, people of all ages suffer, and high dam at Livermore Falls. case of blankets where millions of highly property destroyed for the sake of saving inflammable viscose rayon blankets are money that it would take to properly PROUD OF NEW HAMPSHIRE VOTERS in consumers' hands besides other types flame proof fabrics used in bedding. I am proud of the voters of those of synthetics, all of which are more Last month President Johnson pre towns. They, too, believe in economy in flammable than wool. Because the sented his message on the American Government and they are willing to fight raised or napped surface on· the blanket consumer urging, among other things, for it with their votes and with their which will very readily ignite with that the Congress enact legislation to tax dollars. But it seems regrettable, flames racing across the brushed surface protect the buying public from decep Mr. Speaker, it is necessary for the tax at an incredible rate ·of speed and the tions in. packaging and advertising. I payers to use their own money to protect fact that people are either semiconscious feel that the consumer should be further themselves against proposals by the Fed or sleeping when in bed, the user has protected from the use of articles which eral Government which, after all, is sup little chance of getting the fire out before are highly combustible. As this message ported by them and is meant to be their he has sustained serious or even possibly pointed out, the consumer has the right servant. I am confident that, Mr. fatal burns. I feel that it is particularly to be informed and the right to safety. Speaker, when all the facts are known, important that bedding items be covered The road to consumer safety, accurate the U.S. Corps of Engineers; for which by the act. Persons in bed have the information, free choice, and an adequate I have a high regard, will immediately · human weakness of smoking and there hearing is never ending. In modern so abandon its plans for the high dam at are other dangers. from electrical blank ciety, the consumer is constantly exposed Livermore Falls and turn its energies ets, the cord for the wiring of the electric to the winds of change. Countless new in other and more sensible directions. blanket is usually made of cheap syn products, and new forms of other prod thetic and cotton, and of course, any ucts, vie for his attention and his dollar. FLAMMABLE FABRICS ACT OF 1954 sparks hitting such flammable fibers Services take a larger and larger share would make for a dangerous situation. of the consumer dollar. Yet they are Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, I ask The person using these is frequently in often performed without established unanimous consent that the gentleman a sleepy condition and most likely to standards of safety or values. Too often, from Minnesota [Mr. QUIE] may ex doze off and be completely unaware that we discover dangers in products only tend his remarks at this point in the a fire may have started. ' through serious injury to a consumer. RECORD and include extraneous matter. Take the case of tests which· confirm I think it is time we protect the public The SPEAKER. Is there objection that a moment's exposure of a ·cotton against the innocent purchase of such to the request of the gentleman from mattress to a burning cigarette will start dangerously combustible products, and I Kansas? it glowing. Once thus started, the feel that the bill I have introduced today There was no objection. flameless combustion progressed rapidly. is a necessary step toward that end. Mr. QUIE. Mr. Speaker, I have today Smoldering or glowing is incomplete or introduced a bill to strengthen the imperfect combustion which produces a Flammable Fabrics Act of 1954. The great deal of smoke containing a high AREA REDEVELOPMENT purpose of my bill is to reduce the danger percentage of poisonous carbon monox of injury and loss of life by providing, ADMINISTRATION ide, plus other products of combustion, Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, I ask on a national basis, standard methods including carbon dioxide. This is an of testing and rating the flammability unanimous consent that the gentleman especially dangerous combination. Car from Minnesota [Mr. LANGEN] may ex of textiles and textile products for bed bon dioxide acts to stimulate the rate of ding use, thereby discouraging the use tend his remarks at this point in the of any dangerously flammable bedding breathing thereby increasing the amount RECORD and include extraneous matter. textiles. of carbon monoxide taken into the The SPEAKER. Is there objection This act was created in 1954 as a re lungs. The normal sleeping person ex to the request of the gentleman from sult of the so-called "explosive sweater" posed to such conditions frequently will Kansas? incidents. These sweaters were brushed succumb to the initial intoxicating· or There was no objection. viscose rayon, a very inflammable fiber, asphyxiating effect of the carbon mon Mr. LANGEN. Mr. Speaker, the Area and the same fiber that is going into oxide and will not awaken. There are Redevelopment Administration has again millions of brushed rayc:m blankets to- more people who die from the effects of gone against the principles for which it 1964 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE 5299 was created. I am referring to the recent ment figures bear out the earlier conclu Failure to achieve cooperation in in approval by ARA of an industrial loan sions. ternational negotiations would make it of over $4 million for a new hardboard The statute under which ARA operates necessary to strengthen and enforce the manufacturing plant in Superior, Wis. pr-ovides as one of its basic purposes that Antidumping Act to eliminate trade The present capacity and planned ex new employment opportunities should be abuses. pansion of existing hardboard plants is ·created by developing and expanding It is time to protect the payrolls of our more than adequate to supply the hard new and existing facilities and resources U.S. steelworkers by guaranteeing a board demand for years to come, so all rather than by merely transfering jobs competitive position for American steel this new plant will accomplish is to from one area to another. But here we not only in the world market but in the create new jobs at taxpayers expense have the latest in a long list of examples domestic market. Northwestern Penn while eliminating present jobs that were of how ARA has failed completely to sylvania needs this firm action at the created through private capital. grasp the purpose for its existence. Geneva Conierence if jobs are to be sta And on top of all this, a good share bilized and our economy improved. of the equipment for this ARA-financed INCREASING STEEL IMPORTS plant is to be purchased from Sweden, SOMETHING ROTTEN one of the countries that is undercutting Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, I ask the hardboard industry in the United unanimous consent that the gentleman Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, I ask States through drastically increased ex from Pennsylvania [Mr. WEAVER] may unanimous consent that the gentleman ports in recent years. Swedish engineer extend his remarks at this point in the from Ohio [Mr. AsHBROOK] may extend ing services also are to be used. Both RECORD and include extraneous matter. his remarks at this point in the REcORD the machinery and engineering services The SPEAKER. Is there objection and include extraneous matter. are obtainable in the United States, to the request of the gentleman from The SPEAKER. Is there objection which would in itself create jobs for Kansas? to the request of the gentleman from Americans. There was no objection. Kansas? Three of the existing hardboard plants Mr. WEAVER. Mr. Speaker, in my There was no objection. in this country are in the immediate area radio broadcast for the week of February Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, many of the ARA project and are capable of 24, I drew the attention of the people of of us feel that there is something rotten producing all of the hardboard contem the 24th Congressional District to the as far as the Bobby Baker affair is con plated for the new plant. Two are at problems of increasing steel imports. cerned. Certainly it is a sad episode in Bemidji and Duluth in northern Minne In a statement on March 6, I again em the history of the U.S. Congress and the sota and one is at Phillips, Wis. The phasized this serious problem and the fact that a President of the United States Duluth plant is just a mile away from necessity for a firm position by the U.S. enters into the picture should not deter this latest ARA boondoggle and will end Government at the General Agreement us in our efforts to see that wrongdoing up having to eliminate jobs for each man on Tariffs and Trade-GATT-Confer is exposed and lawbreakers are pun added at the new plant. ence at Geneva. The stagnation of the ished. The public is getting a very steel industry in western Pennsylvania skeptical feeling about this Congress be Of course these plants are protesting, resulting from heavy steel imports has but to no avail. They were built with cause of our foot dragging on the Baker private capital and have worked dil reached the critical stage. case. Already some 40,000 steelworkers have President Johnson's insistence that he igently to increase the potential of the been displaced in this country because of had made his last statement about the domestic market. But big-brother Gov the rapidly increasing imports which matter did not settle the doubts in minds ernment shows his appreciation by set have hit 5.5 million tons. Meanwhile, here on Capitol Hill or back home. A ting up a competitor right under their U.S. steel production is hovering at 2 full disclosure of the advertisers on the noses. million tons. Johnson television monopoly station in I note in ARA's announcement that Within! the next 3 years-if no cor Texas might set some of these doubts the new plant will be in an area of "per rective action is taken-foreign produced at rest. Certainly there has been evi sistent and substantial unemployment." steel will cut further into the American dence to indicate it was ·used as a legal The three existing plants in that same steel market, taking from 10 to 15 per means to channel contributions, some general area also are in counties suffer cent of the market and eliminating more call them kickbacks, into the L.B.J. ing from "persistent and substantial un jobs-perhaps 35,000, bringing the total purse. What are the facts? As long as employment." The result will be to aid to 75,000. the President refuses to come forward one county and further depress the If the current trend continues, by 1970 with this information we can only be others. American steel exports will drop to about lieve as National Review has stated in One of the northern Minnesota plants, a million tons, while imports will ap the following article, that there indeed is Nu-Ply, of Bemidji, has an expansion proach 10 million tons, wiping out thou something rotten: plan that would create new jobs at $20,- sands of more jobs. SoMETHING ROTTEN 000 or less per man. But the ARA proj A further downward adjustment in Yes, yes, power bobbybakerizes, and ab ect will cost $40,000 for every job it di corporate taxes and more liberal depre solute power bobbybakerizes absolutely. rectly creates. When are we going to ciation allowances on plants and equip As long as there are governments there learn that private enterprise can do it ment are necessary to better the com will be corruption grand and petty, and in better and at less cost? petitive position of American steel pro that sense the exposure of it w1ll always be It is interesting to note that the ducers. something of a bore. It is in the nature of Department of Commerce through its cheese to attract mice. I support a strong U.S. position in in Who knows the point at which an aroma Business and Defense Services Admin ternational trade negotiation discussions turns into a stench? The majesty of the istration issued a report on hardboard scheduled for Geneva in May. White House is in itself a powerful deodor for the Area Redevelopment Administra At these conferences, no cut should be ant, but not all powerful. Now comes the tion in June of 1963. The report clearly made in American steel tariffs unless the news that the administration has allowed a states that existing facilities are ade secret document to slither into the hands of Common Market countries and other a discredited journalist in order to impugn quate to supply the total U.S. demand for steel-producing countries slash their hardboard in the immediate future, and the veracity of a witness who had testified duties back to American levels. These about mice and men in the White House. frankly admits that the problem of for countries must trim back their nontariff The liberal mousekeepers hissed Otto Otepka eign competition is the single factor most trade barriers and end unfair marketing out of office for cooperating with an author important to consider. But ARA wants two-price practices such as dumping. ized congressional investigation, but then to do some more needless spending, so The Buy American Act and the For Otepka was committing the unpardonable the report has been ignored. In fact, eign Assistance Act-foreign aid pro sin of prote<;ting his country from subversive some of the statistics quoted in the re infiltration. Who has risen up to call for the gram-should not be negotiable items at resignation of everyone who had a hand in port proving the iallacy of building new Geneva. No agreements should be made publishing the latest secrets? hardboard plants with ARA funds, have to seek congressional modification of Pierre Sallng~r at the White House denies now been mysteriously revised to prove these laws to permit greater American everything, and no doubt it is his job to the opposite. However, industry ship- purchases of foreign goods. do so. But before this stench settles forever 5300 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE March 16 into the woodwork, President Johnson should pected to go to 80 by the end of this law enforcement group in the·Nation to seriously consider the idea that has been year. conceive and sponsor a permanent home privately proposed by · at least one member And this has been done completely for underprivileged, unloved and un of the FCC: that in order to put gossip to rest, the record of the financial dealings of through the generosity of men and wanted boys. Mrs. Johnson's television stations, alleged women all over Florida, and from all A further tribute has been shown in beneficiaries of some of the bobbybaking, be parts of this Nation, who believe in this that three other States have followed made public. Surely public knowledge of program. suit in having the sheriffs of those States their business deals would bring less risk to · I think it magnificent to relate that initiate boys ranches. national security than release of Government this task has been carried on without I would not minimize for a moment documents to Drew Pearson. tax moneys, but rather from the generous the tremendous job that Sheriff Black heart of the people. Today a physical burn has done as the chief. law enforce EXEMPTION FROM DUTY ENJOYED plant of over half · a million dollars is ment official in Hillsborough County, one augmented by the funds necessary to of the largest counties in population in BY RETURNING RESibENTS AR operate the ranch. It is a going con the South. His record has been exem RIVING FROM THE VIRGIN IS cern and countless thousands of young plary in cleaning up crime and vice in LAND8-CHANGE OF TERMINA sters through the years are going to his county, his men are well trained and TION DATE benefit from this tremendous program dedicated, and his leadership has made Mr. ROGERS of Florida. Mr. Speaker, of the sheriffs of Florida. They are not it a model for others to follow in this I have been requested by the gentleman merely content to follow the normal Nation. from Arkansas [Mr. MILLS] to announce course of arresting the criminal and It was Sheriff Blackburn who con that H.R. 10170, reported unanimously bringing him to trial, but are determined ceived the idea for the Sheriffs Associa from the Committee on Ways and Means, . to do something for these youngsters who tion to sponsor a "Bomb Hoax" law which involves a termination date with otherwise would know no hope, and from which made even the threat of a bomb respect to a provision of law affecting these circumstances be led into a life of ing a felony punishable by a mandatory the existing exemption from duty en crime, no education, and hopelessness. prison sentence in Florida. This law joyed by returning residents arriving And in the forefront of those who have was passed unanimously by both houses from the Virgin Islands, will be called up made this dream a reality has been. of the Florida Legislature and is credited later by unanimous consent. The ex Sheriff Ed Blackburn. Back in the days with stemming the tide of such threats piration date involved is March 31, 1964, when the ranch was only a dream, it was in our State. and action should be taken as soon as Sheriff Blackburn who determinedly Back in 1953 he prevailed upon the possible. worked to secure the land for the ranch local legislative delegation to introduce and to see it become a reality. He a bill which would abolish the fee system worked ceaselessly to secure the funds for the sheriff of Hibbsborough County SHERIFF BLACKBURN'S SERVICE for the first cottage, which cost in ex and be placed on the budget system. OUTSTANDING cess of $30,000, and he and the sheriffs This fee system had made the sheriff and Mr. ROGERS of Florida. Mr. Speaker, of ,Florida had begun with only a dream his department dependent upon fees I ask unanimous consent that the gentle and a few thousand dollars. from those arrested to provide funds for. man from Florida [Mr. FuQUA] may ex The sheriffs of Florida recognized his operation. Since then, 60 other Florida extend his remarks at this point in the extraordinary tenacity and ability and counties have followed suit in abolish REcORD and include extraneous matter. asked Sheriff Blackburn to serve as the ing the fee system. The SPEAKER. Is there objection ranch executive director, to give it direc Today Sheriff Blackburn serves as to the request of the gentleman from tion and make it a reality. president of the Florida Sheriffs Asso Florida? Looking back, I am mindful that this ciation, a . recognized leader of the There was no objection. was not an easy task. But with Sheriff sheriffs of Florida. Mr. FUQUA. Mr. Speaker, last week Blackburn leading the way, it did be He was first elected Hillsborough the Members of the Florida congres come a reality. County Sheriff in 1952 and has served. sional delegation were honored to play Sheriff Blackburn has a large metro with distinction since. host to seven young boys who make their politan area to serve as sheriff, and he He is another of that dedicated corps home at the Florida Sheriffs Boys Ranch, is recognized as one of the finest in these of men who make up the Nation's sher located some 7 miles north of Live Oak, United States. And all of the load of iffs. They are vital to the well being of Fla., in the district which I have the duties that he had to carry in that office, this democracy as they conduct a never privilege to represent. he forcefully found the time to work for ending battle against crime and cor Accompanying these young men were the Boys Ranch and it was a killing pace ruption, and you need only to stop for three outstanding individuals: Harry that he set. a moment to realize that hundreds of Weaver, former Federal parole officer, such men give their lives annually in this But others, seeing his determination, battle against crime. who has been superb in the position of followed suit. It is my feeling that the manager of Boys Ranch; Pinellas County Florida Sheriffs Boys Ranch is a living I believe that the work that Sheriff Sheriff Don Genung, who has one of the memorial to Sheriff Blackburn for I Blackburn has done for the Florida finest records in an active program to know that without his efforts the ranch Sheriffs Bqys Ranch has been to a large combat juvenile delinquency in the Na would have had difficulty in becoming a extent responsible for its inception and tion; and the man that I would like to its success. Nothing as large and com reality. plex as this operation has been could,be pay tribute to here today, Sheriff Ed At our delegation luncheon last week, Blackburn of ·Hillsborough County, accomplished without work and leader Speaker JoHN McCoRMACK, one of the ship. Sheriff Blackburn has given both. Tampa, Fla. most beloved leaders ever to serve in this Many of you have expressed an in House, turned to Sheriff Blackburn and This is the reason that I salute him terest in the Florida Sheriffs Boys Ranch said that: here today on the floor of the House of since I made a recent speech about this Representatives of the United States, What you and the sheriffs of Florida have believing sincerely that he stands as an program here in the House of Represent done is one of the most heartwarming and atives, and when I had the chance to finest programs that I have ever had any outstanding example of the modern law present these young men and Sheriffs knowledge of. What you have done goes enforcement officer--skilled, intelligent, Blackburn and Genung and Mr. Weaver right to the heart of all human existence. humane, sincere, and dedicated. to many of you. Yours is a story that should be told in every As I have pointed out, it is a home for nook and cranny of this country so that the homeless. Young boys who come others might follow your example. THIRD ANNIVERSARY OF ALLIANCE sometimes from circumstances that I know that it was a great source of FOR PROGRESS would startle you, are taken by the pleasure to Sheriff Blackburn not long Mr. ROGERS of Florida. Mr. Speaker, humane sheriffs of Florida and given a ago when the Department of Health, I ask unanimous consent that the gentle home, a real home, at Boys Ranch. Education, and Welfare cited the Florida man from Texas [Mr. GONZALEZ] may Starting with the first boys only in 1958, Sheriffs Association for its accomplish extend his remarks at this point in the the enrollment is now at 60 and is ex- ment and noted that it was the first such RECORD and include extraneous matter. 1964 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 5301 The SPEAKER. Is there objection We are proud of these achievements. But each country to mobilize its own resources, to the request of the gentleman from as we take pride in what has thus far been inspire its own people and create the condi done, our minds turn to our great unfinished tions in which growth can flourish. For al Florida? business. Only by facing these shortcom though help may come from without, success There was no objection. ings by fighting to overcome them; can we can only come from within. And those who Mr. GONZALEZ. Mr. Speaker, the make our Alliance succeed in the years are not willing to do that which is unpop President of the United States, the great ahead. Let me make clear what I believe ular and difficult, will not achieve that which Lyndon B. Johnson, today delivered an them to be. They are not failures of prin is needed and lasting. epochmaking address on the occasion of ciple or of belief. This is as true in my own country's fight the third anniversary of the Alliance for The Alliance's basic principles of economic against poverty and racial injustice, as it is Progress at the Pan American Union. · development, of social justice, of human free in the fight of others against hunger, disease, dom are not only the right path, they are and illite acy. By broadening education we Those of us having the great fortune the only path for those who believe that can liberate new talents and energies, freeing of coming from Texas long have known both the welfare and the dignity of man can millions from the bonds of illiteracy. of the greatness of our President; we advance side by side. To those who prize Through land reform, aimed at increased have for a long time been the recipients freedom there is no alternative. production-taking different forms in each of his tremendous genius for service and There is no magic formula to avoid the country-we can provide those who till the creative action. Therefore, the fact that complex and sometimes painful and difficult soil with self-respect and increased income, he made a great speech today is no more task of basic social reform and economic and each country with increased p eduction than what we knew he would do. advance. There is no simple trick to trans to feed the hungry and strengthen the econ form despair into hope, turn misery and omy. Fair and progressive taxes, effectively But for those fellow-Americans less disease into abundance and health. Those collected, can provide the resources needed fortunate than ourselves who are from who think that the path of progress in this to improve education and public health con Texas, I offer for the record these hemisphere will be easy and painless are ditions and the social structure needed for memorable expressions: arousing false hopes and inviting disappoint economic growth. Measures ranging from REMARKS OF THE PRESIDENT, THIRD ment. The criticism, which can give us new control of inflation and encouragement of ANNIVERSARY OF ALLIANCE FOR PROGRESS, vigor and which must guide us, is of those exports, to the elimination of deficits in pub PAN AMERICAN UNION, MARCH 16, 1964 who share our beliefs, but offer us better lic enterprise, can help provide the basis of ways to move toward our goals. We have economic stability and growth on which the Thirty-one years ago this month Franklin learned much about the difficulties and fiaws Alliance can flourish. Roosevelt proclaimed the policy of the good of our Alliance in the past 3 years. We must The third area of emphasis is the pursuit neighbor. now profit from this experience. With faith of social justice: Development and material Three years ago this month John Kennedy in our prh.ciples, with pride in our past progress are not ends in themselves. They called for an Alliance for Progress among achievements, with the help of candid and· are the means to a better life and increased the American Republics. constructive criticism, we are now prepared opportunity for all. They are the means for Today, my country rededicates itself to each to contribute his best talents and his these principles and renews its commitment to move ahead with renewed effort and re newed confidence. desires. They are the means to the full dig to the partnership of the hemisphere to carry nity of man. them forward. The first area of emphasis is increased co We meet as fellow citizens of a remarkable operation-among ourselves, with other na For the Alliance for Progress is a recogni hemisphere. Here, a century and a half ago, tions, and with private and public institu tion that the claims of the poor and op we began the movement for national inde tions. We will continue our efforts to pro pressed are just claims. It is an effort to pendence and freedom from foreign rule tect producing nations against disastrous fulfill those claims while-at the same time which is still the . most powerful force in price changes so harmful to their economies, strengthening democratic society and main the world. Here, despite occasional conflict, and consumers against short supply and un taining the liberty of man. No matter how we have peacefully shared our hemisphere fair price rises. We will intensify our co g eat our progerss, it will lack meaning un to a degree unmatched by nations anywhere. operation in the use of our resources in the less every American, from the Indian of the Here, and in this very room we have helped process of development. altiplano to the impoverished farmer of Ap create a. system of international cooperation ClAP itself is a.p important step in that palachia can share in the fruits of change which Franklin Roosevelt called "the oldest direction, and it has our full support . . But and growth. and most successful association of sovereign other institutions as well-the Inter-Ameri Land reform, tax changes, educational ex governments in the world." Here, there are can and World Banks, private foundations pansion, the fight against disease, all con 20 nations who, sharing the traditions and cooperatives, savings institutions and tribute to this end. Everything else we do and values of Western civ111zation are bound sources of agricultural credit--must, in every must also be shaped by this guiding prin together by a common belief in the dignity country, focus their energies on the efforts ciple. In these areas-cooperation, self-help, of man. Here are 20 nations who have to overcome the massive difficulties of capital social justice-new emphasis can bring us no desire to impose a single ideology or sys shortage, hunger and lack of adequate edu closec- to success. At the same time we must tem on anyone else-who believe that each cational fac111ties. protect the Alliance against the efforts of country must follow its own path to fulfill So that my own country's participation in communism-to tear down what we are ment with freedom-who take strength from this cooperation might receive needed lead building. The recent proof of Cuban aggres the richness of their diversity. ership and direction, I have given Secretary sion in Venezuela is only the latest evi It is on this-this history and accomplish Mann, who enjoys my highest confidence, dence of those intentions. We will soon dis ment, these common values and this com broad responsibility for our role in the Al cuss how best we can meet these threats to mon restraint--that we base our hope for liance. His appointment reflects my com our independence. But I now assure you the future. Today these hopes center largely plete determination to meet all the commit that the full power of the United States is on the Alliance for Progress. ments of the United States to the Alliance. ready to assist any country whose freedom John F. Kennedy has been taken from us. Our pledge of substantial external help has is threatened by forces directed from be The Alliance remains a source for our faith, been met in the past. My administration yond the sho· es of our own continent. a challenge to our capacity. The Alliance will spare no effort to meet it in the future. Those of us gathered here are among the for Progress owes much to the vision of And my confidence is reinforced by my principal guardians of the Alliance. But President Kennedy. But he understood that knowledge that the people of the United the Alliance is not here, or in office buildings it fiows from the desires and ideas of those in States also support that commitment to our and meeting rooms and presidential man each of our countries who seek progress with fellow Americans. sions throughout the hemisphere. The Alli freedom. In its councils all nations sit as But public funds are not enough. We ance is in the aspirations of millions of cam equals. That is the special significance of must work together to insure the maxi pesinos and workers--of men without educa ClAP-the organization we honor today. mum effective use of private capital-domes tion and men without hope--of poverty Through it the Alliance will now be guided tic and foreign. Without it, growth will fall stricken families-whose homes are the vil by the advice and wisdom of men from the behind. Such capital will respond to a lages and cities of an entire continent. They entire hemisphere. It needs and is getting stable prospect of fair earnings and a chance ask simply the opportunity to enter into the the best leadership our continents have to to create badly needed industry and busi world of progress and growth. From their offer. It has such leadership in Carlos Sanz ness on a responsible basis. Those who de leaders, from us, they demand concern and de Santamaria--one of our most distin stroy the confidence of risk capital or deny compassion and dedicated labor. guished Americans. it a chance to offer its energy and talent I am confident we will be able to meet In the last 3 years we have built a struc endanger the hopes of their people for a those needs. It will not be an easy task. ture of common effort designed to endure more abundant life. The barriers are huge. The enemies of free for many years. In those years much has The second area of emphasis is the area dom seek to harass us at every turn. We been accomplished. Throughout Latin of self-help: Progress cannot be created by are engaged in a. struggle for the destiny of America new schools and factories, housing international organizations. It cannot be the American Republics. But it was a. great and hospitals have opened new opportuni imposed by foreign countries. It cannot be poet, William Butler Yeats, who reminded us ties. Nations have instituted new measures purchased with large amounts of money or that there was "doubt if any nation can be of land and tax reform, educational expan large amounts of good will. Progress in each come prosperous unless it has national sion and economic stimulus and discipline. country depends upon the willingness of faith." 5302 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE March 16 Our Alliance will prosper because we do because the people rightly make numer Remember that quotation as we reveal have faith-not idle hope, but the same ous inquiries to their elected Represent another facet of the· life of Ed Neilan. faith that enabled us to nourish a new civili atives who meet in the Nation's Capitol We will note that he seems to embrace zation in these spacious continents. And and presumably are knowledgeable about Im in that new world we will carry forward our some of the qualities of the ''Great Alllance for Progress in such a way that men the affairs of government. When an poster." in all lands will marvel at the power of free American plane gets shot down the peo Now, my colleagues, if a man is elected dom to achieve the betterment of man. ple want to know about it. They want to to head a large, national business orga know why it happened and whether it nization or to be president of a good will happen again. It is a time of peace sized bank in a good-sized city, he is ARE AMERICAN SERVICEMEN IN and their sons and loved ones are getting supposed to be a responsible citizen. TIME OF PEACE EXPENDABLE? shot out of the skies and are being killed. When he says something people general Mr. ROGERS of Florida. Mr. Speaker, Yet, their elected Representatives can ly pay attention. And they think, "If he I ask unanimous consent that the gentle tell them only what they themselves can holds those important jobs and he speaks man from Texas [Mr. GoNZALEZ] may find out in the newspapers, radio, and out, he must be forthright and honor extend his remarks at this point in the TV. able in what he has to say. He could not Mr. Speaker, what is going on in Ger RECORD and include extran~ous matter. afford to be otherwise." But let us see if The SPEAKER. Is there objection many? Why are our planes getting shot this is true in the case of Mr. Neilan who to the request of the gentleman from down? Why are our sons getting killed? is president of the Chamber of Com Florida? Are we sending spy missions over Com merce of the United States and head of There was no objection. munist countries? If so, the people have the National Bank of Delaware and who Mr. GONZALEZ. Mr. Speaker, on a right to know it. Are Americans get owns what the Department of Agricul March 10, 1964, we learned through the ting killed for making honest mistakes? ture calls farm No. 223 in New Castle newspapers, radio, and TV of the down If so. the people have a right to know County, Del., on route No. 1 near the ing of another American plane in East that. But until some procedures are town of Bear. Germany. We later learned through the established whereby the Members of Bear in mind, my colleagues, that this newspapers, radio, and TV that the So Congress can learn from the State De barefoot country banker from the duchy viet Union admitted the shooting down partment and the Defense Department of Dupont has spoke!). with a righteous of the American RB-66 jet reconnais and whatever Federal arm of Govern unctuousness against Government sub sance bomber by one of its own fighters. ment is involved what the facts are, the sidies from one end of the Nation to the Then we · learned through the news people and the Members of Congress will other-they are wicked, he asserts-they papers, radio, and TV that this time the have to continue to look to the news destroy the national fiber. But he is not crew of three parachuted to safety and papers, radio, and TV for their informa against subsidies to banks like his Na are·alive. They are being held prisoners tion. Those stories may be slightly in tional Bank of Delaware-where he was in East Germany, and we do not know accurate, slanted, and in conflict with caught with his Federal deposit slip whether we will get them back, but they one another; but apparently, that is the showing-to the tune of a monthly aver are alive. best the Government can dO--Or wants age running to almost $10 million of to do. It is indeed fortunate for the Ameri Uncle Sam's money last year. This mon can people, who spend a good portion of ey-! informed the Congress a couple of their hard earned money to support their ED NEILAN, BANKER-PRESIDENT OF months ago-cost Ed Neilan and his bank Government, that there are such things THE U.S. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE nothing. But they loaned the money out as newspapers, radio, and TV; for in our AND GREAT CRUSADER AGAINST at the "going commercial rate'' in the State of Delaware, and thus received a so-called open society; where the Gov GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES, DIS..: ernment likes to admit that the people handsome subsidy because the taxpayer CLOSED AS RECIPIENT OF U.S. DE paid interest on the money that Ed Neil have a right to know, the people cannot PARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE depend on their elected Representatives an and his bank rented out to the people to keep them informed about the affairs SUBSIDIES of Delaware. of this Nation. The reason, of course, is The SPEAKER pro tempore Maury had worked so hard, he was severely WAR, BANISHMENT, EXILE, AND DEATH, 1861-73 Obtaining seeds through British friends, he wounded but fought back. Eventually, un Commissioned by Governor Letcher on introduced the cultivation of this medicinal der the leadership of Senator Sam Houston, of April 23, 1861, as a commander in the Navy tree, from the bark of which quinine is Texas, who, over the years, had watched his of Virginia, Maury was made a member of obtained. protege's career with pride, the Congress set the Governor's executive council to prepare Engaged while in England by a New York aside the action of the Naval Board responsi plans for defending the State in the shortest publisher to write g~ographies for public ble for Maury's forced retirement and, by time. He assisted in fortifying Jamestown schools, Maury started upon a series that special act, reinstated him on the active list Island on the James River and Gloucester proved a tremendous success. Finally, of with promotion to the rank of commander. Point on the York ·to defend Richmond and fered an appointment at the Virginia Mlli Few of the members of this Board are sat with the council almost daily. tary Institute as professor of physics, he known today except in connection with the After the Virginia Navy was consolidated took advantage of a general amnesty and attempted retirement of Lieutenant Maury. with that of the Confederacy, Maury was returned to New York in July 1868 to re sume his life in his homeland, adjacent to EFFORTS TO SAVE THE UNION AND RESIGNATION, made a commander in the Confederate States 1855-61 Navy. Appointed as chief of the Naval Bu Washington College in Lexington, Va., where reau of Coast, Harbor, and River Defense, General Lee was the rector. While there Long before 1855, Maury had discerned Maury, worked in his residence at 1105 East Maury undertook the preparation of the "tendencies toward disunion" of the United Clay Street in· Richmond on developing the "Physical Survey of Virginia" and lectured States and sought to avoid that catastrophe. first electrically controlled submarine mine extensively, resuming his campaign for a uni Deploring slavery as a curse and knowing the "successfully used against an enemy in war versal system of telegraphic meteorological Amazon from the 1853 report of its explora fare," which eventually caused the loss of observations. In addition, he urged the crea tion by Lt. William Lewis Herndon, he saw more vessels than from "all other causes tion of a State agricultural college as an the fertile valley of that mighty and un whatever." He supported the raising andre adjunct to the Virginia Military Institute. matched stream as offering a possible means building of the Merrimac and personally led This led to the establishment in 1872 at for saving the Union. Urging an agreement a night attack by small craft on Federal ves Blacksburg of the Virginia Agricultural & with Brazil tq open the Amazon for free sels in Hampton Roads. Mechanical College. Approached to see if he navigation for merchant vessels of all na Conscious of the lack of a Navy by the would accept appointment as its first presi tions, he proposed the purchase and transfer South, Maury campaigned in the press for dent, Maury, because of his advancing years, of surplus slaves from the South to Brazil, building one. As a consequence, demands declined. then a slave country, but events were mov grew for him to be appointed as Secretary of After a strenuous lecture tour, Maury ing too rapidly for the plan to succeed. the Navy of the Confederate States. The end became ill, returned to his home at the In Recalling how Virginia in 1832 had stepped result was that in September 1862, Maury was stitute and died on February 1, 1873. Hon forward as mediator in the time of nullifica ordered to England on "special service," part ored as one of Virginia's most 1llustrious tion in South Carolina, in 1860 Maury ad ly because of the need for the Southern cause sons, he was finally interred at Hollywood dressed appealing letters to the Governors of of a man of his stature in Europe and partly Cemetery in Richmond close to the graves Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland, and to banish him because of the jealousy of of Presidents Monroe and Tyler. Delaware urging them "to stand in the breach superior officials. and stop this fratricidal strife." 27 Arriving in England in November; Maury's SUMMATION OF ACHIEVEMENTS Notwithstanding the mounting domestic activities included the purchase and fitting Many have theorized as to the explanation crisis in the United States, Maury, on March out of vessels for raiding Federal commerce, for the greatness of Maury's career in achieve 31, 1860, wrote Secretary of the Navy Toucey writing letters to newspapers, assisting in ment but no explanation is so satisfying as urging an expedition to the South Pole. To organizing a society for promoting the "ces that written on August 31, 1840, by the his scientific colleagues abroad, he addressed sation of hostilities," and drawing up peti young Maury soon after the serious injury many letters promoting "international co tions to the people of the United States for that changed the current of his life and _operation" in Antarctic research. This cam peace. He established relations with Em caused him to focus on science: "When I paign culminated on April 10, 1861, in official peror Napoleon III of France and Archduke became old enough to reflect, it was the U.S. Government letters to European na Maximilian of Austria, who, on April 10, aim at which all my energies were directed tions and Brazil, with detailed discussions for 1864, was proclaimed Emperor of Mexico, and to make myself a useful man. I soon found "international investigation" of Antarctica devoted much ·time and attention to the that occupation, for some useful end or an based upon Maury's experience over the two development of mine warfare. other, was the true secret of happiness." 11 previous decades with many nations in ocean Sailing on May 2, 1865, to return home The strength of his youthful self-dedica wind and current researches.28 ready to assist in the war, Maury learned on tion is best shown by his sustained activi Meanwhile, struggling heroically to avoid reaching the West Indies of the collapse of ties and achievements. war between the sections of our country, he the Confederacy and, on the advice of Gen He was the author of the first book on urged the "barrier States," including Vir eral Lee and· other friends, decided not to nautical science by an American naval offi ginia, to remain in the Union, opposed return to Virginia. Instead, he sent a letter cer, the first Superintendent of the U.S. Na coercion of the seceded States, and advocated of surrender to the commander of the United val Observatory, the first Hydrographer of making the 1864 Presidential issue one for States Forces in the Gulf of Mexico and went the U.S. Navy, and precursor of the U.S. reannexation for a union that would be into voluntary exile to Mexico where he en Weather Bureau. "happier and greater, and more glorious than tered the service of Maximilian as Imperial He was the founder of the science of ever." But an his efforts were in vain. The Commissioner of Colonization. oceanography, father of world meteorology, first shot of the Civil War was fired on April Maury's plan was to encourage Virginians pathfinder of the sea, and the locator of the 12, 1861, at :Fort Sumter, when he was work to migrate to Mexico and to establish a new first transatlantic cable. ing on plans for an expedition to the South Virginia. On learning of the proposal, Gen He was an effective advocate of naval re Pole. Maury, forced by Virginia's secession eral Lee wrote Maury: "The thought of aban form and reorganization, champion for es to choose between participation in an inva doning the country, and all that must be left tablishment of the U.S. Naval Academy, sion of his homeland or defending it, for in it, is abhorrent to my feelings, and I pre supporter of the construction of the Pana better or worse, decided to share the fortunes fer to struggle for its restoration, and share ma Railroad-prophet of the Panama Canal, of his State. its fate, rather than to give up all as lost." ao planner for Amazonian, Mississippian, and Working as hard as usual until 3 in the The plan did not win popular support and Antarctic explorations, and leader for in afternoon on April 20, the same day that failed. ternational cooperation in Antarctic re General Lee resigned from the U.S. Army, Maury returned in March 1866 to England search. Maury called in his secretary of 20 years' where his family was waiting to greet him. He was the inventor of the first electri service, Thomas Harrison, and requested him So changed in appearance had be become cally controlled submarine mine successfully to write his resignation from the U.S. Navy. from the anxieties and hardships that he had used in warfare and introducer of cinchona This loyal secretary, like the disciples of experienced during the long separation that quinine cultivation into Mexico. Socrates when the time came for that philos his children did not know him. He was the author of public school geog opher to drink the fatal cup of hemlock, felt Maxiinilian, forced by a mounting opposi raphies and father of the Virginia Polytech that Maury's resignation would cause the tion to his rule, soon abolished the immigra nic Institute. death of the scientific career of his illustrious tion scheme but offered to make Maury the No wonder Maury has been acclaimed as director of the National Observatory, which having left his mark on every organization superior and was overcome. He said, "I was declined. cannot write it, sir." 29 Maury then wrote his with which he worked and on every country Maury never returned to Mexico but was in which he lived. own and left for Richmond, apprehensive of able to make one lasting contribution to the tragedies that the war would inevitably that country. Studying the climate of the IN PERSPECTIVE bring. area in South America on the eastern slope of Were it possible for Maury to return to the Andes from Colombia to Bolivia where earth today, he would find that he had built :n Corbin, p. 182. the cinchona tree is native, he found a com far better than he realized, for the seeds he 28 American Geophysical Union Monograph parable climate in the State of Vera Cruz. planted took root, sprouted, and developed No.7,p.3. 211 Corbin, p. 190. ao Ibid., p. 238. 811bid., p. 33. 5310 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE March 16 into vital organizatio'ns and scientific ac great republic of knowledge." He would also John W. Wayland. "The Pathfinder of the tivities. find that the lOth Pacific Science Congress, Seas." Richmond, Va.: Garrett & Massie, At the Naval Observatory, he would see at Hawaii, August 21-September 6, 1961, had 1930. today one of the greatest astronomical orga signally honored him by dedicating this Gustavus A. Weber. "The Naval Observ nizations in the world, providing the essen Congress to his memory and by designating atory: Its History, Activities and Organi tials for safe navigation on the sea, in the the published volume of its scientific papers zation." Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, air, and in space, in the form of accurate as the Matthew Fontaine Maury Memorial 1926. time and astronomical data. In its library Symposium. Donald R. Whitnah. "A History of the he would find one of the finest collections of Notwithstanding the magnitude of United States Weather Bureau." Urbana, scientific literature. His bust in thoughtful Maury's achievements and the wealth of in Ill.: University of Illinois Press, 1961. expression looks over researchers as if to dividual honors that his works received dur Frances Leigh Williams. "Matthew Fon encourage them in the quest for knowledge. ing his life and thereafter, including elec taine Maury: Scientist of the Seas." New At the Hydrographic Office, now renamed tion in 1930 to the Hall of· Fame for Great Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, as the Naval Oceanographic Office, he would Americans, the full significance of Maury's 1963. Contains a comprehensive bibliog find it engaged in extensive research and contributions has remained clouded, caused raphy of the published works of Matthew worldwide surveying of the oceans, on and primarily by the passions of 1861-65 and the Fontaine Maury. beneath the surface of the sea, publishing failure to collect in convenient form his ex improved versions of his "Sa111ng Directions," tensive writings, which still remain diffused American Geophysical Union of the Na still receiving reports that he initiated, from among the libraries of our own and foreign tional Academy of Sciences--National Re..: thousands of cooperating merchant vessels, ·countries. search Council. "Antarctic Research: Mat and distributing modern editions of pilot Now, the significance of Maury's benev thew Fontaine Maury Memorial Symposium charts, inscribed as being "founded upon olent achievements and what grew out of of the lOth Pacific Science Association," at the researches made in the early part of the them can be evaluated objectively. They the University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawail, 19th century by Matthew Fontaine Maury, transcend the boundaries of Virginia and August 21-September 6, 1961. Geophysical while serving as a lieutenant in the U.S. Tennessee, the United States, Mexico, and monograph No. 7, 1962. Navy." other countries, the naval profession, and U.S. Naval Observatory. "Astronomical At the Weather Bureau, he would see the even the oceans. Indeed, his mighty achieve Observations," vol. 1. Washington: J. & G.S. full realization _of his plan for a "telegraphic ments and scientific impulses may be likened Gideon, Printers, 1846. meteorological bureau" in the form of highly to the great ocean currents themselves, car U.S. Naval Observatory. "American effective weather services for the entire Na rying beneficence to all lands and peoples. Ephemeris and Nautical Almanac," 1964. tion, on land and sea, and in the air, utiliz Thus, his influence has become universal, Washington: Government Printing Otftce, ing the reports of thousands of volunteer and places him in the galaxy of the Nation's 1962. observers as was urged by him as well as of immortals as a benefactor of mankind. Virginia M111tary Institute, Headquarters. regular stations and meteorological satel Books cited or consulted "In Memoriam Matthew Fontaine Maury," lites, and engaging in vast research pro 1873. grams for bettering these services. R. M. Brown. "Bibliography of Com·· Manuscript At Geneva, Switzerland, he would find the mander M. F. Maury," Bulletin Virginia Poly technic Institute, XXIV. No. 2 (December James M. Beall. "The Forces Leading ·to World Meteorological Organization, with its the Transfer of the Weather Service From 120 member nations, which traces its origin 1930). Jaqueline Ambler Caskie. "Life and Let the Army to the Department of Agriculture," to the 1853 Brussels Conference led by him 1962 (unpublished thesis, available at the self, engaged in standardizing weather ob ters of Matthew Fontaine Maury." Rich Weather Bureau, Washington, D.C.). servation methods for all nations and en mond, Va.: Richmond Press, Inc., 1926. couraging reports from areas insufficiently Diana Fontaine Maury Corbin. "Life of Epilog covered by observers, and at Monaco, he Matthew Fontaine Maury." London: Samp Immediately after the delivery, Mrs. Elwyn would see the International Hydrographic son Low, Marstan, Searle & Rivington, 1888. R. Burke arose and said: "As appropriate to Bureau where 41 maritime nations pool their J. A. Furer. "Administration of the Navy this occasion, I shall read some lines, in son hydrographic ·and oceanographic knowledge Depan-tment in World War II." Washington: net form, from the gifted pen of Maurice for the benefit of the world. Government Printing Office, 1959. H. Thatcher, of Kentucky, former Governor At the Naval Academy, he would find a Wm. Lewis Herndon. "Exploration of the of the Canal Zone and Congressman, which vigorous institution for instructing young Valley of the Amazon." WaShington: Roberl were inspired by a perusal and study of the naval officers, capable of adjusting its cur Armstrong, Public Printer, 1853. magnificant stoty that Captain DuVal has riculums to the demanding needs of modern Wm. Lewis Herndon. "Exploration of the just brought us." Valley of the Amazon." · Edited by Hamilton science. Matthew Fontaine Maury At the Navy Department, he would see it Basso, New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., organized into bureaus along functional 1952. (By Maurice H. Thatcher) lines headed by officer specialists responsi Pa,tricia Jahns. Matthew Fontaine Maury Behold how one who was so truly great ble to the Secretary, with a Chief of Naval and Joseph Henry: "Scientists of the Civil In scientific worth and public zeal, Operations as the Secretary's principal naval War." New York: Hastings House, Publish Comes into focus--tho' the hour is late 1 adviser and executive, as originally advo ers, 1961. Now, after gross neglect did long conceal cated by Maury. Charles L. Lewis. Matthew Fontaine Accomplishments so vast and manifold, As to the oceans, he would see vessels in Maury: "The Pathfinder of the Seas." An They're unified, and with rare skill por the North Atlantic using "double-track" napolis, Md.: U.S. Naval Institute, 1927. trayed. traffic lanes along the lines designed by him. Matthew Fontaine Maury. "On the Navi On every honor list should be enrolled Beneath its surface he would discover com gation of Cape Horn." America.n Journal of His name, and just amendment duly made. munication cables traversing all the seas, Science and Arts XXVI (July 1834), 54-63. The ills that he encountered on the way and his pioneer ocean-bottom investigations Matthew Fontaine Maury. "Plan of an In Became the rungs of ladders for success. expanded into major activities for securing strument for Finding the True Lunar Dis His life, thus shaped, gave genius its play; food and minerals. Even more satisfying, tance." Ibid., 63-65. Its mission sealed; and caused science to he would see republished in 1963 the eighth Matthew Fontaine Maury. "A New Theo progress. edition of his 1861 great work, "The Physi retical and Practical Treatise on Navigation." Broad visioned, selfless, with bold, creative cal Geography of the Sea, and Its Meteor Philadelphia: E. C. and J. Biddle, 1836. · mind, ology." Matthew Fontaine Maury. "The Physical He wrought in benefaction for mankind! Geography of the Sea." New York: Harper In Mexico, he would find the cinchona Maury Portrait Presentation quinine tree still in cultivation; in Brazil, and Bros., 1855. he would find free and open navigation of Matthew Fontaine Maury. "The Physical After the reading of the sonnet, the presid the Amazon to ports in Colombia and Peru; Geography of the Sea, and Its Meteorology," ing officer called upon Captain DuVal, who in Virginia, he would see a flourishing agri 8th edition (revised). New York: Harper spoke briefly. cultural college at Blacksburg, know~ as and Bros., 1868. "Madam President, at the request of Vice the Virginia Polytechnic Institute; and in Matthew Fontaine Maury. "The Physical Adm. John F. Shafroth, president of the the United States and other countries, he Geography of the Sea and Its Meteorology." Naval Historic Foundation, and on behalf would find electrically controlled mine Reprint of 8th edition, edited by John of that organization, I present to the Stone fields protecting harbors during war. Leighly, Belkn-ap Press of Harvard University wall Jackson chapter, United Daughters of In science, he would find that, during Press, 1963. the Confederacy, this beautiful portrait re the International Geophysical Year 1957-58, Richard L. Maury. "A Brief Sketch of the production in color showing Matthew Fon some 70 nations had pooled their resources Work of Matthew Fontaine Maury During the taine Maury in his maturity. in a vast cooperative effort to study the War 1861-65." Richmond: Whittet & Shep "The original painting, 60 by 44 inches, earth and the sun and that 12 of these person, 1915. by Ella S. Hergesheimer, ts at the U.S. Naval participated in Antarctic research, unbarring, Sir Napier Shaw. "Manu&l of Meteorol Academy, where it was presented in 1923 as Maury had predicted, the "gates of ogy." Vol. 1. Meteorology in History. by the Atlanta chapter, United Daughters of south" and becoming "fellow citizens in the Cambridge, England: University Press, 1932. the Confederacy." 1964 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 5311 Mr. Speaker, this portrait of Maury will be EMPLOYERS TOLD MERIT DOES NOT tionality of th!s section is amrmed by the placed in a prominent spot in the United Supreme Court, the way will be open to Daughters of the Confederacy Memorial COUNT; PATTERN FOR FEDERAL project the rationale of the Illinois FEPC Building in Richmond. REGULATIONS? ruling throughout the free enterprise system Virginia Legislature Urges Publication of The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under of the United States. Then a Federal bu Maury's Collected Writings previous order of the House, the gentle reaucracy would be legislated into senior partnership with private business, with the As a direct consequence of this stirring man from Ohio [Mr. AsHBROOK] is rec power to dictate the standards by which em commemoration, the General Assembly of ognized for 15 minutes. ployers reach their judgments of the capa Virginia, which was in session at the time, on Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, on bilities of applicants for jobs, and the quality March 5, 1964, adopted a joint resolution, March 9, 1964, I brought an Illinols of performance after employment, whenever introduced by Senator Blake T. Newton of his FEPC decision to the attention of the the issue of "discrimination" is raised. toric Westmoreland County, the birthplace Members of this House. I have subse The administration bill of which title VII of Washington and Robert E. Lee, urging the is a part has never been submitted to either Secretary of the Navy to authorize and direct quently received a copy of the decision which was handed down and will include House or Senate committees for the custom the publication of the collected writings of ary and essential hearings and analysis. Maury. it with these brief remarks. I was Consequently, if the Senate motion to send Because such publication will be of na pleased to note that the same concern the measure to committee fails of adoption, tional and international interest, I quote the expressed in my March 9 statement was as is expec.ted, only the Senate rules which text of the resolution as introduced by Sena contained in a New York Times article permit unlimited debate unless terminated tor Newton: by the veteran political writer, Arthur by cloture will expose the bill to the inten "Senate Joint Resolution 38 Krock, who said: sive examination made imperative by its vast "Joint resolution relating to publication of new donations of Federal power in a doinain If Congress approves the pending measure, long established as the private sector. the writings of Matthew Fontaine Maury with title VII included, and the constitu "Whereas the mighty achievements and tionality of this section is affirmed by the The assumption of authority by the Illinois scientific impulses of Matthew Fontaine Supreme Court, the way will be open to FEPC stresses how vital this examination is Maury have been likened to the great ocean project the rationale of the Illinois FEPC to the general interest. The State com currents that he so successfully studied and ruling throughout the free enterprise system · mission ordered Motorola, Inc., to cease sub have beoome universal in their influence, of the United States. · jecting job applicants to its overall ability carrying beneficience to all lands and peo test on the finding that the test is unfair ples; and Unfortunately, Mr. Krock is completely to "culturally deprived and disadvantaged "Whereas his extensive writings are im correct. It is becoming more and more groups." The test was compiled and copy portant parts of the hisrory of the United obvious that many other strange theories righted by Prof. Philip Surrager of the Illi States and of science; and nois Institute of Technology in 1949 and, of this stripe will be perpetrated under with some revisions, has been in use since "Whereas his writings have never been the guise of "civil rights." Merit will published in collec'tive form but are diffused then. He defined its object!ve as "not to in various depositories and thus not readily not count, only the likes and dislikes, exclude Negroes from whites but to help available tO scholars; and the whims of those in authority who feel evaluate the trainability of a prospective "Whereas the major scientific contribu they are divinely endowed with the employee • • • and I know of no way to tions of Matthew Fontaine Maury in the wisdom to rewrite the economic, polit evaluate that a test in itself is discrimina fields of astronomy, exploration, hydrog ical, and social practices of our society. tory toward any group." raphy, meteorology, and oceanography were Unfortunately, the sb-called Civil Rights Nevertheless, exercising for the first time made during the years 1834-1861 while serv an authority over the ability tests an em Act of 1964 which is embodied in H.R. ployer may use in screening applicants, a ing in the U.S. Navy: Now, therefore, be it is about the broadest delegation "Resolved by the Senate oj Virginia (the 7152 State FEPC examiner ordered Motorola, Inc., House oj Delegates concurring), That the of power that can be imagined. Many not only to disuse Surrager's questionnaire, General Assembly of the Commonwealth of of us objected to this bill because it con but to offer a job to a Negro who charged he Virginia urges the Secretary of the Navy to tained little restraint on excessive bu was denied a job because of his race. The authorize and direct the assembly and pub reaucratic zeal which in its administer Employers Association of Chicago, represent lication in collected form of all writings of ing, could bring about. many inequities ing 1,400 companies in the area, challenged Matthew Fontaine Maury; and requests the the order. And, in announcing that Motor and undesired results. ola, Inc., would appeal the action "all the Virginia delegation in the Congress to co It operate with the Secretary of the Navy in is not by accident that the word way to the Supreme Court if necessary,'' its any possible way to bring about such com "discrimination" is not defined in the act attorney said: pilation and publications; further now before the Senate. To define it "The question at hand is whether an em "Resolved, That the clerk of the senate is might narrow the interpretations which ployer in Illinois is going to be permitted directed to send a copy of this resolution to: courts and agencies could give to its to set the educational, moral, and aptitude "1. All members of the Virginia delegation radical prov1s10ns. Certainly, there standards for its employes, or whether the in the Congress of the United States. would be no difficulty in producing the State will dictate the standards." If title "2. The Governor of Tennessee and the same results under H.R. 7152 as the Il VI survives the Senate debate, the scope of presiding officers of both houses of the legis this "question at hand" will spread from lature of that State, which act shall be linois FEPC did in Myart against Motor Illinois to the Nation. Meanwhile the at deemed a request to the Tennessee Legisla ola, Inc. While this case at this Point torneys for Motorola, Inc., have contended ture for appropriate concurring action there has not been adjudicated through the that the company cannot depend on a fair by; and courts it is, indeed, as Arthur Krock hearing of its rebuttal because the hearing "3. The Secretary of the Navy of the United entitled his New York Times article, "A officer designated by the commission is a States." Pilot Ruling." Negro. VALEDICTORY Mr. Speaker, I include herewith the The company's finding that the applicant Mr. Speaker, progress and civilization article by Mr. Krock and the decision of had not passed the Surrager test is compli move under the inspiration of the lives cated, so far as his particular case is con the Illinois Fair Employment Practices cerned, by the announcement of the Illi and deeds of the heroic sons and daugh Commission. nois FEPC that he passed it on reexamination ters of the past; and one of these was, A PILOT RULING in its own offices. But, in commenting on indeed, Matthew Fontaine Maury. In (By Arthur Krock) the examiner's order, the Chicago Tribune view of the comprehensiveness, clarity, stated the issue in its broad perspective. The Illinois Fair Employment Practices and force of Captain DuVal's magnifi Commission has just furnished a graphic The examiner had also ruled that the ques cient address and the prompt action by illustration that when a political arm of gov tions in the test did not take into account the Virginia Legislature toward secur ernment assumes jurisdiction over the hiring "inequalities and differences in environ ing the publication of the collected writ and firing policies of private business, the ment," thereby favoring the "advantaged tendency is to expand this authority into groups." This, said the Tribune, "may be ings of Maury, the January 19, 1964, reduced to the absurdity that any test ac exercises of the Stonewall Jackson chap autocratic control. The ruling of the Illinois FEPC by which this tendency was strongly ceptable to the FEPC would be one which ter, United Daughters of the Confeder brought out no distinction whatsoever acy, were, indeed, historic. They will established has nationwide importance be cause title VII of the pending equal rights among competing applicants. How then is long endure as a splendid tribute to the bill proposes to m ake this jurisdiction a an employer to develop any basis for making memory of the great naval scientist, a Federal power, exercised by an Equal Em a choice? • * * So here the doctrine is enun reservoir of history, an heirloom for our ployment Opportunity Commission. ciated that a political appointee is going to gallant Navy, a legacy to our people, and If Congress approves the pending measure, dictate to business (its) standards of selec an inspiration to the youth of the Nation. with title VII . included, and the constitu- tion." CX--334 5312 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE March 16 STATE OF ILLINOIS, FAIR EMPLOYMENT PRAC ence scheduled by the commission pursuant he was working at various jobs not related TICES COMMISSION to se~tion 8 of the act and that the respond to his training (Report of Proceedings, pp. (In the Matter of Leon Myart, Complainant, ent elected not to file an answer pursuant 24-26). As proof of his experiential quali and Motorola, Inc., Respondent--Charge to section C, subsections 4 a, b of the rules fications in the field related to that employ No. 63C-127) and regulations of procedure prescribed by mep.t for ·which he applied at respondent's the commission. By subsection 4d, any alle place of business, complainant testified that DECISION AND ORDER OF HEARING EXAMINER gation in the complaint, which is not denied he worked part-time with his brother in the This matter came on for public hearing be- or admitted in the answer, unless the re operation of Neighborhood Radio-TV Service fore the hearing examiner on January 27, spondent shall state in the answer that he is over a 3-year period immediately preceding 1964, on a complaint issued by the fair em without knowledge or information sufficient his application with respondent. Here com ployment practices commission on behalf of to form a belief, shall be admitted. However, plainant performed general service on radios one Leon Myart pursuant to Illinois Revised by subsection 4g, the hearing examiner is and televisions (Report of Proceedings, p. Statutes, chapter 48, sections 851-866. required to hear the matter and make his 27). He also worked at House of Sound The compla~nt charges that on July 15, findings of fact and enter his order upon the which offered a television rental service and 1963, at Chicago, Ill., the respondent com testimony at the hearing, notwithstanding kept in stock for this purpose about 30 sets mitted an unfair employment practice in respondent's failure to file an answer. Thus which complainant kept in working order. that respondent did not hire complainant the matter was heard on complaint and testi At both shops, complainant served as because of his race. . mony and the exhibits produced in connec "troubleshooter," checking circuits of sets, The complainant is a Negro. The com tion therewith. voltage and resistors; and he read sohematic plaint alleges that Myart applied at respond By section 1 of the act, it is declared to be diagrams-localizing faults and balancing ent's place of business in Chicago for the the public policy of this State that equal voltages of opposite phases, and repairing position of analyzer. and phaser; that com employment opportunity without discT'imi sets. Complainant's testimony res·pecting plainant was well qualified for the position nation because of race, color, religion, na his school attendance and experience sub for which he applied. The qualifications he tional origin or ancestry should be protected stantially supports the allegations of the cited as relating to said position are these: by law; and the legislature found, in part, complaint. a 19-month course of study-combination preliminary to its statement of policy that Complainant .testified that he was on general electrical and radio-television tech denial of equal employment opportunity be respondent's premises not more than 15 min nician course-and another electronics shop cause of race, color, religion, national origin utes during the process of his application course of 432 hours. or ancestry, deprives a portion of the pop and his being tested (Report of Proceedings, It appeared upon the hearing that, in com ulation of the State of earnings necessary p. 69). By his complaint complainant mon parlance, an analyzer and phaser is a to maintain a reasonable standard of living, claims that he took and passed the company troubleshooter, checking radio, television, thereby tending to cause resort to public tests, that white persons were hired during and stereophonic sets for faults as they come charity. this period but that he was not, and that off the production line and rectifying. By article IX of said rules and regulations, he believes he was not hired because of his The complaint further states that after the they are to be construed to accomplish the race. charge was filed with the commission, one purposes of the act and the policies of the At the hearing respondent raised no ques of its employees investigated said charges to Commission. tion regarding the respectability of the ascertain the facts relating to said alleged The complainant, to maintain the issue in schools which the complainant attended, but unfair employment practice and that the his behalf, testified first; and he was fol in seeking to meet the showing made by the commission afterward determined that lowed by Walter J. Ducey, Executive Director complainant, the respondent made a four there was substantial evidence that said un of the Commission. The complainant testi point attack. fair employment practice had been com fied that he attended Forrestville Gra
House. of Representatives
