DOCSLIB.ORG

Genetic Identification of the Bioanode and Biocathode of a Microbial

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Genetic Identification of the Bioanode and Biocathode of a Microbial Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química Vol. 13, No.CONTENIDO 2 (2014) 573-581 Volumen 8, número 3, 2009 / Volume 8, number 3, 2009 GENETIC IDENTIFICATION OF THE BIOANODE AND BIOCATHODE OF A MICROBIAL ELECTROLYSIS CELL 213 Derivation and application of the Stefan-Maxwell equations IDENTIFICACION´ GENETICA´ DEL BIOANODO´ Y BIOCATODO´ DE UNA CELDA (DesarrolloDE y aplicación ELECTROLISIS de las ecuaciones de Stefan-Maxwell) MICROBIANA Stephen Whitaker R. Valdez-Ojeda 1∗, M. Aguilar-Espinosa2, L. Gomez-Roque´ 1, B. Canto-Canche´3, RM. Escobedo 2 1 BiotecnologíaGracia-Medrano / Biotechnology, J. Dom´ınguez-Maldonado, L. Alzate-Gaviria 1Unidad de Energ´ıaRenovable.245 Modelado Centro de la biodegradación de Investigaci´onCient´ıficade en biorreactores de lodos Yucat´an.(CICY).de hidrocarburos totales M´erida,Yucat´an.Calledel petróleo 43 intemperizadosNo. 130,Col. en suelos Chuburn´ade y sedimentos Hidalgo, C.P. 97200. M´exico. 2Unidad de Bioqu´ımicay Biolog´ıaMolecular de Plantas. (Biodegradation modeling of sludge bioreactors of total petroleum hydrocarbons weathering in soil 2Unidad de Biotecnolog´ıa. and sediments) ReceivedS.A. Medina-Moreno, September S. Huerta-Ochoa, 4, 2013; C.A. Accepted Lucho-Constantino, December L. Aguilera-Vázquez, 31, 2013 A. Jiménez- González y M. Gutiérrez-Rojas Abstract 259 Crecimiento, sobrevivencia y adaptación de Bifidobacterium infantis a condiciones ácidas The aim of this study was to identify the microorganisms present on the graphite cloth of the bioanode and biocathode of a Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC)(Growth, using survival 16S and ribosomaladaptation of Bifidobacterium RNA gene cloning infantis to and acidic sequencing. conditions) The results obtained indicated that the bioanode clones wereL. related Mayorga-Reyes, with the P. phyla: Bustamante-Camilo,Firmicutes A.(15.3%), Gutiérrez-Nava,Proteobacteria E. Barranco-Florido(7.6%), y BacteroidetesA. Azaola- (30.7%), and Ignavibacteriae (7.6%). Conversely,Espinosa the biocathode clones were related with the phylum Proteobacteria (38.4%). The bioanode clones were related with species265 Statistical identified approach previously to optimization in MECs of andethanol Microbial fermentation Fuel by CellsSaccharomyces (MFCs). cerevisiae However, in the biocathode clones were related with Rhodopseudomonaspresence of palustrisValfor® zeolite, which NaA have not been reported for hydrogen production by MEC. R. palustris 3 3 probably should be involved into(Optimización hydrogen estadística production de la of fermentación 0.011 m etanólicaH2/m decathode Saccharomyces liquid cerevisiae volume en per presencia day with de an applied voltage of 1 V. zeolita Valfor® zeolite NaA) Keywords: exoelectrogenic bacteria,G. Inei-Shizukawa, hydrogen H. generation, A. Velasco-Bedrán,Rhodopseudomonas G. F. Gutiérrez-López palustris and H. Hernández-Sánchez, hydrogenase, MEC. Resumen Ingeniería de procesos / Process engineering El objetivo de este trabajo fue la identificacion´ de microorganismos presentes en la tela de grafito del biocatodo´ y bioanodo´ 271 Localización de una planta industrial: Revisión crítica y adecuación de los criterios empleados en de una Celda de Electrolisis´ Microbiana (CEM), utilizando clonacion´ y secuenciacion´ del gen 16S del RNA ribosomal. Los esta decisión resultados obtenidos indicaron que las clonas del bioanodo´ se relacionaron con los filos Firmicutes (15.3%), Proteobacteria (Plant site selection: Critical review and adequation criteria used in this decision) (7.6%), Bacteroidetes (30.7%), and Ignavibacteriae (7.6%). Mientras que las clonas del biocatodo´ se relacionaron con el filo J.R. Medina, R.L. Romero y G.A. Pérez Proteobacteria (38.4%). Las clonas del bioanodo´ se relacionaron con especies identificadas previamente en CEM y Celdas de Combustible Microbiana (CCM). Sin embargo, las clonas del biocatodo´ se relacionaron con Rhodopseudomonas palustris, la cual no hab´ıa sido reportada para la produccion´ de hidrogeno´ a traves´ de CEM. Los resultados sugieren la participacion´ de esta especie en la produccion´ de 0.011 m3 H /m3 por volumen l´ıquido de catodo´ al d´ıa aplicando un voltaje de 1. 2 Palabras clave: bacteria exoelectrogenica,´ generacion´ de hidrogeno,´ Rhodopseodomonas palustris, hidrogenasa, CEM. 1 Introduction Microbial reactors have opened up new 2007), by their beneficial to environment into using possibilities and are attracting a lot of attention waste waters (Dom´ınguez-Maldonado et al., 2014). for producing electricity with Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) (Logan and Regan, 2006) and hydrogen with Hydrogen production with MECs involves Microbial Electrolysis Cells (MECs) (Rozendal et al., separating the anode and cathode compartments with an ion exchange membrane, and connecting them ∗Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Tel. (52)999- 942-83-30, Fax (52) 999-981-39-00 Publicado por la Academia Mexicana de Investigacion´ y Docencia en Ingenier´ıa Qu´ımica A.C. 573 Valdez-Ojeda et al./ Revista Mexicana deIngenier ´ıaQu ´ımica Vol. 13, No. 2 (2014) 573-581 via an external electrical circuit (Rozendal et al., 2 Methodology 2007). At the anode (also called the bioanode), microorganisms oxidize organic compounds, 2.1 Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC) transferring electrons by direct contact between the bacterial cell and electrode (nanowires or membrane- A double-chamber MEC system was constructed bound c-type cytochrome) or by intermediate from poly-(methyl-methacrylate) with an operational electron carrier molecules (endogenous or exogenous) volume of 0.57 L, and the chambers were separated 2 (Alfonta, 2010). The electrons are conducted by the by Nafion® 117 (22.2 cm ). The electrodes were 2 external circuit to the cathode to generate H2 through graphite cloth (32 cm ), connected by an external the reduction of H+ ions (Drapcho et al., 2008). circuit with stainless steel and covered with termofit® However, bacterial cells possess energetic limitations (Chae et al. 2008). System startup and operation were to complete the oxidation of organic substrates for carried out in accordance with Rozendal et al. (2007) hydrogen formation, requiring the application of an and Jeremiasse et al. (2010). additional voltage to convert organic substrate to CO2 and hydrogen (Geelhoed et al., 2010; Liu et al., 2010). 2.2 Biocathode startup The hydrogen production reaction can be This electrode is referred to as the bioelectrode (during catalyzed using platinum (Rozendal et al., 2007), biocathode startup) or biocathode (after biocathode but its high cost limits scale-up (Liu et al., 2010). startup). The bioelectrode chamber was inoculated Furthermore, its susceptibility to poisoning has with a mixed culture of microorganisms. The led researchers to examine non-precious metals composition of inoculums was soil (30 g/L), cow (Selembo et al., 2010) and other alternatives. In manure (300 g/L), pig manure (150 g/L), Na2CO3 (1.5 this regard, purified hydrogenase enzymes isolated g/L), commercial sucrose (5 g/L), and tap water. The from microorganisms have been used to replace inoculum was pretreated to eliminate methanogenic chemical catalysts in MFCs, because they catalyze microorganisms. This consisted of thermal treatment + − the reversible H2 ! 2H + 2e reaction (Lojou at 100 ºC for 15 min (Logan et al., 2008). et al., 2011). Nevertheless, whole immobilized The bioelectrode was inoculated and subjected to cells of Desulfovibrio vulgaris (well known for a three-phase biocathode startup as follows. After its hydrogenase activity) have demonstrated more inoculation, the bioelectrode was started up as a stable and maintained catalytic activity for hydrogen bioanode. This occurred in phase 1, which meant production than enzyme immobilization (Lojou et al., that the bioelectrode chamber was initially operated 2002). in batch mode to allow the microorganisms to adapt to the bioelectrode chamber without being washed Likewise, biocathodes have been conceived that out immediately. During this phase, 15 mM sodium consist of microorganisms covering an electrode made acetate was used as the carbon source. After 63 hrs, of material (e.g., carbon) or dispersed in the electrolyte anodic current generation started and operation was to catalyze cathodic reactions in MECs (Rabaey and switched from batch to continuous mode. At this point Rozendal, 2010). The biocathode activity in a MEC of phase 1, the headspace chamber was flushed with therefore depends on the microorganisms’ ability to H2 gas (20 L of metal hydride, 40 mL/min) to achieve take up electrons from the electrode material and H2 saturation. use them to produce hydrogen (Croese et al., 2011). In the transition from phases 2 to 3, a The microorganisms active on the biocathode have polarity reversal scan was performed to determine scarcely been researched for hydrogen production in the suitable bioelectrode potential for biocathode MECs. In this regard, Croese et al. (2011) identified operation. During this scan, the bioelectrode potential Desulfovibrio vulgaris as a dominant ribotype in the was lowered from -0.2 to -0.8 V at a scan rate of 0.025 biocathode of a MEC, but this is the only report so far. mV/s using a potentiostat (Potentiostat, Biologic). The challenge lies in biocathode identification in order At this point, H2 gas flushing was stopped and the to further contribute to knowledge about the reduction carbon source was replaced with sodium bicarbonate process. The aim of this study was to identify the (10 mM) every 24 hrs. The theoretical potential of microorganisms present on the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Proteomic Analysis of Organic Sulfur Compound Utilisation in Advenella Mimigardefordensis Strain DPN7T
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Proteomic analysis of organic sulfur compound utilisation in Advenella mimigardefordensis strain DPN7T Christina Meinert1, Ulrike Brandt1, Viktoria Heine1, Jessica Beyert1, Sina Schmidl1, Jan Hendrik WuÈbbeler1, Birgit Voigt2, Katharina Riedel2, Alexander SteinbuÈchel1,3* 1 Institut fuÈr Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, WestfaÈlische Wilhelms-UniversitaÈt, MuÈnster, Germany, 2 Institut fuÈr Mikrobiologie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-UniversitaÈt, Greifswald, Germany, 3 Environmental Science Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia a1111111111 * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract a1111111111 2-Mercaptosuccinate (MS) and 3,3Â-ditiodipropionate (DTDP) were discussed as precursor substance for production of polythioesters (PTE). Therefore, degradation of MS and DTDP was investigated in Advenella mimigardefordensis strain DPN7T, applying differential prote- OPEN ACCESS omic analysis, gene deletion and enzyme assays. Protein extracts of cells cultivated with MS, DTDP or 3-sulfinopropionic acid (SP) were compared with those cultivated with propio- Citation: Meinert C, Brandt U, Heine V, Beyert J, Schmidl S, WuÈbbeler JH, et al. (2017) Proteomic nate (P) and/or succinate (S). The chaperone DnaK (ratio DTDP/P 9.2, 3SP/P 4.0, MS/S analysis of organic sulfur compound utilisation in 6.1, DTDP/S 6.2) and a Do-like serine protease (DegP) were increased during utilization of T Advenella mimigardefordensis strain DPN7 . PLoS all organic sulfur compounds. Furthermore, a putative bacterioferritin (locus tag ONE 12(3): e0174256. https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0174256 MIM_c12960) showed high abundance (ratio DTDP/P 5.3, 3SP/P 3.2, MS/S 4.8, DTDP/S 3.9) and is probably involved in a thiol-specific stress response.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Symbiotic Lineage Related to Neisseria and Snodgrassella Arises from the Dynamic and Diverse Microbiomes in Sucking Lice
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/867275; this version posted December 6, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. A new symbiotic lineage related to Neisseria and Snodgrassella arises from the dynamic and diverse microbiomes in sucking lice Jana Říhová1, Giampiero Batani1, Sonia M. Rodríguez-Ruano1, Jana Martinů1,2, Eva Nováková1,2 and Václav Hypša1,2 1 Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic 2 Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, ASCR, v.v.i., České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author for correspondence: Václav Hypša, Department of Parasitology, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic, +42 387 776 276, [email protected] Abstract Phylogenetic diversity of symbiotic bacteria in sucking lice suggests that lice have experienced a complex history of symbiont acquisition, loss, and replacement during their evolution. By combining metagenomics and amplicon screening across several populations of two louse genera (Polyplax and Hoplopleura) we describe a novel louse symbiont lineage related to Neisseria and Snodgrassella, and show its' independent origin within dynamic lice microbiomes. While the genomes of these symbionts are highly similar in both lice genera, their respective distributions and status within lice microbiomes indicate that they have different functions and history. In Hoplopleura acanthopus, the Neisseria-related bacterium is a dominant obligate symbiont universally present across several host’s populations, and seems to be replacing a presumably older and more degenerated obligate symbiont.
    [Show full text]
  • Horizontal Operon Transfer, Plasmids, and the Evolution of Photosynthesis in Rhodobacteraceae
    The ISME Journal (2018) 12:1994–2010 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-018-0150-9 ARTICLE Horizontal operon transfer, plasmids, and the evolution of photosynthesis in Rhodobacteraceae 1 2 3 4 1 Henner Brinkmann ● Markus Göker ● Michal Koblížek ● Irene Wagner-Döbler ● Jörn Petersen Received: 30 January 2018 / Revised: 23 April 2018 / Accepted: 26 April 2018 / Published online: 24 May 2018 © The Author(s) 2018. This article is published with open access Abstract The capacity for anoxygenic photosynthesis is scattered throughout the phylogeny of the Proteobacteria. Their photosynthesis genes are typically located in a so-called photosynthesis gene cluster (PGC). It is unclear (i) whether phototrophy is an ancestral trait that was frequently lost or (ii) whether it was acquired later by horizontal gene transfer. We investigated the evolution of phototrophy in 105 genome-sequenced Rhodobacteraceae and provide the first unequivocal evidence for the horizontal transfer of the PGC. The 33 concatenated core genes of the PGC formed a robust phylogenetic tree and the comparison with single-gene trees demonstrated the dominance of joint evolution. The PGC tree is, however, largely incongruent with the species tree and at least seven transfers of the PGC are required to reconcile both phylogenies. 1234567890();,: 1234567890();,: The origin of a derived branch containing the PGC of the model organism Rhodobacter capsulatus correlates with a diagnostic gene replacement of pufC by pufX. The PGC is located on plasmids in six of the analyzed genomes and its DnaA- like replication module was discovered at a conserved central position of the PGC. A scenario of plasmid-borne horizontal transfer of the PGC and its reintegration into the chromosome could explain the current distribution of phototrophy in Rhodobacteraceae.
    [Show full text]
  • A Novel Bacterial Thiosulfate Oxidation Pathway Provides a New Clue About the Formation of Zero-Valent Sulfur in Deep Sea
    The ISME Journal (2020) 14:2261–2274 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-020-0684-5 ARTICLE A novel bacterial thiosulfate oxidation pathway provides a new clue about the formation of zero-valent sulfur in deep sea 1,2,3,4 1,2,4 3,4,5 1,2,3,4 4,5 1,2,4 Jing Zhang ● Rui Liu ● Shichuan Xi ● Ruining Cai ● Xin Zhang ● Chaomin Sun Received: 18 December 2019 / Revised: 6 May 2020 / Accepted: 12 May 2020 / Published online: 26 May 2020 © The Author(s) 2020. This article is published with open access Abstract Zero-valent sulfur (ZVS) has been shown to be a major sulfur intermediate in the deep-sea cold seep of the South China Sea based on our previous work, however, the microbial contribution to the formation of ZVS in cold seep has remained unclear. Here, we describe a novel thiosulfate oxidation pathway discovered in the deep-sea cold seep bacterium Erythrobacter flavus 21–3, which provides a new clue about the formation of ZVS. Electronic microscopy, energy-dispersive, and Raman spectra were used to confirm that E. flavus 21–3 effectively converts thiosulfate to ZVS. We next used a combined proteomic and genetic method to identify thiosulfate dehydrogenase (TsdA) and thiosulfohydrolase (SoxB) playing key roles in the conversion of thiosulfate to ZVS. Stoichiometric results of different sulfur intermediates further clarify the function of TsdA − – – – − 1234567890();,: 1234567890();,: in converting thiosulfate to tetrathionate ( O3S S S SO3 ), SoxB in liberating sulfone from tetrathionate to form ZVS and sulfur dioxygenases (SdoA/SdoB) in oxidizing ZVS to sulfite under some conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • Microbiome-Assisted Carrion Preservation Aids Larval Development in a Burying Beetle
    Microbiome-assisted carrion preservation aids larval development in a burying beetle Shantanu P. Shuklaa,1, Camila Plataa, Michael Reicheltb, Sandra Steigerc, David G. Heckela, Martin Kaltenpothd, Andreas Vilcinskasc,e, and Heiko Vogela,1 aDepartment of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany; bDepartment of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany; cInstitute of Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; dEvolutionary Ecology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany; and eDepartment Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, 35394 Giessen, Germany Edited by Nancy A. Moran, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, and approved September 18, 2018 (received for review July 30, 2018) The ability to feed on a wide range of diets has enabled insects to their larvae, thereby modifying the carcass substantially (12, 23, 26, diversify and colonize specialized niches. Carrion, for example, is 27). Application of oral and anal secretions is hypothesized to highly susceptible to microbial decomposers, but is kept palatable support larval development (27), to transfer nutritive enzymes (21, several days after an animal’s death by carrion-feeding insects. Here 28, 29), transmit mutualistic microorganisms to the carcass (10, 21, we show that the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides preserves 22, 30), and suppress microbial competitors through their antimi- – carrion by preventing the microbial succession associated with car- crobial activity (11, 23, 31 34). The secretions inhibit several Gram- rion decomposition, thus ensuring a high-quality resource for their positive and Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, and molds (11, 31, 35), developing larvae.
    [Show full text]
  • A Report of 39 Unrecorded Bacterial Species in Korea Belonging to the Classes Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria Isolated in 2018
    Journal346 of Species Research 9(4):346-361, 2020JOURNAL OF SPECIES RESEARCH Vol. 9, No. 4 A report of 39 unrecorded bacterial species in Korea belonging to the classes Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria isolated in 2018 Yong-Seok Kim1, Hana Yi2, Myung Kyum Kim3, Chi-Nam Seong4, Wonyong Kim5, Che Ok Jeon6, Seung-Bum Kim7, Wan-Taek Im8, Kiseong Joh9 and Chang-Jun Cha1,* 1Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea 2Department of Public Health Sciencs & Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea 3Department of Bio and Environmental Technology, College of Natural Science, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, Republic of Korea 4Department of Biology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea 5Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea 6Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea 7Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea 8Department of Biotechnology, Hankyoung National University, Anseong 17579, Rpublic of Korea 9Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Gyeonggi 17035, Republic of Korea *Correspondent: [email protected] In the project of a comprehensive investigation of indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, a total of 39 bacterial strains phylogenetically belonging to the classes Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria were isolated from various environmental sources such as soil, cultivated soil, sludge, seawater, marine sediment, algae, human, tree, moss, tidal flat, beach sand and lagoon. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that 39 strains showed the high sequence similarities (≥98.7%) to the closest type strains and formed robust phylogenetic clades with closely related species in the classes Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria.
    [Show full text]
  • A Genomic Perspective on a New Bacterial Genus and Species from the Alcaligenaceae Family, Basilea Psittacipulmonis
    UC Irvine UC Irvine Previously Published Works Title A genomic perspective on a new bacterial genus and species from the Alcaligenaceae family, Basilea psittacipulmonis. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0f60f7jm Journal BMC genomics, 15(1) ISSN 1471-2164 Authors Whiteson, Katrine L Hernandez, David Lazarevic, Vladimir et al. Publication Date 2014-03-01 DOI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-169 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Whiteson et al. BMC Genomics 2014, 15:169 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/15/169 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access A genomic perspective on a new bacterial genus and species from the Alcaligenaceae family, Basilea psittacipulmonis Katrine L Whiteson1,5*, David Hernandez1, Vladimir Lazarevic1, Nadia Gaia1, Laurent Farinelli2, Patrice François1, Paola Pilo3, Joachim Frey3 and Jacques Schrenzel1,4 Abstract Background: A novel Gram-negative, non-haemolytic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium was discovered in the lungs of a dead parakeet (Melopsittacus undulatus) that was kept in captivity in a petshop in Basel, Switzerland. The organism is described with a chemotaxonomic profile and the nearly complete genome sequence obtained through the assembly of short sequence reads. Results: Genome sequence analysis and characterization of respiratory quinones, fatty acids, polar lipids, and biochemical phenotype is presented here. Comparison of gene sequences revealed that the most similar species is Pelistega europaea, with BLAST identities of only 93% to the 16S rDNA gene, 76% identity to the rpoB gene, and a similar GC content (~43%) as the organism isolated from the parakeet, DSM 24701 (40%). The closest full genome sequences are those of Bordetella spp.
    [Show full text]
  • Abundance and Potential Contribution of Gram-Negative Cheese Rind Bacteria from Austrian Artisanal Hard Cheeses
    Animal Science Publications Animal Science 2-2-2018 Abundance and potential contribution of Gram-negative cheese rind bacteria from Austrian artisanal hard cheeses Stephan Schmitz-Esser Iowa State University, [email protected] Monika Dzieciol University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna Eva Nischler University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna Elisa Schornsteiner University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna Othmar Bereuter See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ans_pubs Part of the Bacteriology Commons, Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Commons, and the Food Microbiology Commons The complete bibliographic information for this item can be found at https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ ans_pubs/524. For information on how to cite this item, please visit http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ howtocite.html. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Animal Science at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Animal Science Publications by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Abundance and potential contribution of Gram-negative cheese rind bacteria from Austrian artisanal hard cheeses Abstract Many different Gram-negative bacteria have been shown to be present on cheese rinds. Their contribution to cheese ripening is however, only partially understood until now. Here, cheese rind samples were taken from Vorarlberger Bergkäse (VB), an artisanal hard washed-rind cheese from Austria. Ripening cellars of two cheese production facilities in Austria were sampled at the day of production and after 14, 30, 90 and 160 days of ripening. To obtain insights into the possible contribution of Advenella, Psychrobacter, and Psychroflexus ot cheese ripening, we sequenced and analyzed the genomes of one strain of each genus isolated from VB cheese rinds.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria As Inoculants in Agricultural Soils
    Genetics and Molecular Biology, 38, 4, 401-419 (2015) Copyright © 2015, Sociedade Brasileira de Genética. Printed in Brazil DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1415-475738420150053 Review Article Plant growth-promoting bacteria as inoculants in agricultural soils Rocheli de Souza, Adriana Ambrosini and Luciane M.P. Passaglia Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Abstract Plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere are the determinants of plant health, productivity and soil fertility. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are bacteria that can enhance plant growth and protect plants from disease and abiotic stresses through a wide variety of mechanisms; those that establish close associations with plants, such as the endophytes, could be more successful in plant growth promotion. Several important bacterial characteristics, such as biological nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, ACC deaminase activity, and production of sidero- phores and phytohormones, can be assessed as plant growth promotion (PGP) traits. Bacterial inoculants can con- tribute to increase agronomic efficiency by reducing production costs and environmental pollution, once the use of chemical fertilizers can be reduced or eliminated if the inoculants are efficient. For bacterial inoculants to obtain suc- cess in improving plant growth and productivity, several processes involved can influence the efficiency of inocula- tion, as for example the exudation by plant roots, the bacterial colonization in the roots, and soil health. This review presents an overview of the importance of soil-plant-microbe interactions to the development of efficient inoculants, once PGPB are extensively studied microorganisms, representing a very diverse group of easily accessible benefi- cial bacteria.
    [Show full text]
  • A Genomic Perspective on a New Bacterial Genus and Species From
    Whiteson et al. BMC Genomics 2014, 15:169 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/15/169 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access A genomic perspective on a new bacterial genus and species from the Alcaligenaceae family, Basilea psittacipulmonis Katrine L Whiteson1,5*, David Hernandez1, Vladimir Lazarevic1, Nadia Gaia1, Laurent Farinelli2, Patrice François1, Paola Pilo3, Joachim Frey3 and Jacques Schrenzel1,4 Abstract Background: A novel Gram-negative, non-haemolytic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium was discovered in the lungs of a dead parakeet (Melopsittacus undulatus) that was kept in captivity in a petshop in Basel, Switzerland. The organism is described with a chemotaxonomic profile and the nearly complete genome sequence obtained through the assembly of short sequence reads. Results: Genome sequence analysis and characterization of respiratory quinones, fatty acids, polar lipids, and biochemical phenotype is presented here. Comparison of gene sequences revealed that the most similar species is Pelistega europaea, with BLAST identities of only 93% to the 16S rDNA gene, 76% identity to the rpoB gene, and a similar GC content (~43%) as the organism isolated from the parakeet, DSM 24701 (40%). The closest full genome sequences are those of Bordetella spp. and Taylorella spp. High-throughput sequencing reads from the Illumina-Solexa platform were assembled with the Edena de novo assembler to form 195 contigs comprising the ~2 Mb genome. Genome annotation with RAST, construction of phylogenetic trees with the 16S rDNA (rrs) gene sequence and the rpoB gene, and phylogenetic placement using other highly conserved marker genes with ML Tree all suggest that the bacterial species belongs to the Alcaligenaceae family.
    [Show full text]
  • Using Network Analysis to Explore the Bacterial Co-Occurrence Patterns
    厭氧微生物特性研究 Ir. Dr. Tong Zhang (张 彤） Environmental Biotechnology Lab Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong Kong 南京大学环境学院客座教授 生質能源處理技術研討會， 2015年7月17日 1923, HKU Main Bld 4 The first biogas reactor at Shanxi Province of China back to 1970s http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/xi-jinping-profile-story-who-400967 5 6 Degradation Pathway of Phenol under Methanogenic Condition Phenol A) Phenol to benzoate Degradation of phenol via Clostridium carboxylation to benzoate by Clostridium (renamed to Benzoate Sedimentibacter hydroxybenzoicus). Syntrophus B) Benzoate to acetate and H2/CO2 Syntrophus species then further Acetate, H2, CO2 degraded benzoate to acetate and H2/CO2 for final methanogenesis. Methanogens C) Acetate and H /CO to methane CH4 2 2 The methanogens. Zhang, T et al. 2005. Microbial characteristics of a methanogenic phenol-degrading sludge. Wat Sci Technol. 52, 73-78 7 Phenol-degrading Anaerobic Granule Sludge Red: Bacteria cells; Green: Archaea cells (methanogen) Zhang, T et al. 2005. Microbial characteristics of a methanogenic phenol-degrading sludge. Wat Sci Technol. 52, 73-78 8 Specific methanogenic activities of phenol- degrading consortia Specific methanogenic activity (SMA) of MT and AT A summary of SMA of different phenol- consortia on Day 193 degrading methanogenic consortia 300.0 Max. MT=282.1 Max. T (oC) phenol con. Reference SMA 250.0 -1 VSS/d (mg.L ) - AT=200.7 26 1260 190 Zhang et al., 2005 200.0 COD/g - AT (20) 875 201 Ju and Zhang, 2014 4 150.0 CH 37 1260 240 Fang et al., 1996 - (mg 100.0 37 500 480 Chen et al., 2008 37 634 371 Chen et al., 2009 SMA SMA 50.0 MT (37) 1000 282 Ju and Zhang, 2014 0.0 -1 -1 *SMA: mg.
    [Show full text]
  • Development of a PCR-Based Method for Monitoring the Status of Alcaligenes Species in the Agricultural Environment
    Biocontrol Science, 2014, Vol. 19, No. 1, 23－31 Original Development of a PCR-Based Method for Monitoring the Status of Alcaligenes Species in the Agricultural Environment MIYO NAKANO1, MASUMI NIWA2, AND NORIHIRO NISHIMURA1＊ 1 Department of Translational Medical Science and Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics, and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan 2 DESIGNER FOODS. Co., Ltd. NALIC207, Chikusa 2-22-8, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-0858, Japan Received 1 April, 2013/Accepted 14 September, 2013 To analyze the status of the genus Alcaligenes in the agricultural environment, we developed a PCR method for detection of these species from vegetables and farming soil. The selected PCR primers amplified a 107-bp fragment of the 16S rRNA gene in a specific PCR assay with a detection limit of 1.06 pg of pure culture DNA, corresponding to DNA extracted from approxi- mately 23 cells of Alcaligenes faecalis. Meanwhile, PCR primers generated a detectable amount of the amplicon from 2.2×102 CFU/ml cell suspensions from the soil. Analysis of vegetable phyl- loepiphytic and farming soil microbes showed that bacterial species belonging to the genus Alcaligenes were present in the range from 0.9×100 CFU per gram（ or cm2）（ Japanese radish: Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus） to more than 1.1×104 CFU/g（ broccoli flowers: Brassica oleracea var. italic）, while 2.4×102 to 4.4×103 CFU/g were detected from all soil samples. These results indicated that Alcaligenes species are present in the phytosphere at levels 10–1000 times lower than those in soil.
    [Show full text]