The EAAP Series Is Published Under the Direction of Siem Korver and Jean Boyazoglu
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The EAAP Series is published under the direction of Siem Korver and Jean Boyazoglu fcURO^ Organizing committee J.H.M. Metz (chairman), Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wageningen, Netherlands J.G. de Wilt (secretary), Directorate for Agricultural Research, Wageningen, Netherlands A.C. Smits (finance), Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wageningen, Netherlands P.L. Bergström, Research Institute for Animal Production 'Schoonoord', Zeist, Netherlands Tj. de Boer, Commodity Board for Livestock and Meat, Rijswijk, Netherlands A.E. van de Braak, Denkavit Nederland B.V., Voorthuizen, Netherlands J. den Hartog, Commodity Board for Feedstuffs, The Hague, Netherlands I.P.Jorna , D.M.V. Campina, Veghel, Netherlands G.J.M. van Kempen, TNO Institute for Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Wageningen, Netherlands D. Oostendorp, Extension Service for Cattle Production, Lelystad, Netherlands M.W.A. Verstegen, Department of Animal Nutrition, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, Netherlands Sponsors Protein Technologies International, St. Louis, MO, USA (main sponsor) Ministry of Agriculture, Nature management and Fisheries, The Hague, Netherlands Directorate for Agricultural Research, Wageningen, Netherlands Alpuro B.V., Uddel, Netherlands Denkavit Nederland B.V., Voorthuizen, Netherlands Commodity Board for Livestock and Meat, Rijswijk, Netherlands Gardenbroek's Veevoederfabriek 'Navobi' B.V., Elspeet, Netherlands N.V. Nukamel S.A., Olen, Belgium Real Veal Inc., Ixonia, Wi, USA CV. 'Sloten', Deventer, Netherlands New trends in veal calf production Proceedings of the International Symposium on Veal Calf Production, Wageningen, Netherlands, 14-16 March 1990 (EAAP Publication No. 52, 1991) J.H.M. Metz and CM. Groenestein (Editors) "Y Pudoc Wageningen 1991 57, CIP-data Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den Haag ISBN 90-220-1016-3 NUGI 835 © Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation (Pudoc), Wageningen, Netherlands, 1991. All rights reserved. Nothing from this publication may be reproduced, stored in acomputerize d system or published in any form or in any manner, including electronic, mechanical, reprographic or photographic, without prior written permissionfro m the publisher, Pudoc,P.O . Box4 ,670 0A A Wageningen,Netherlands . The individual contributions in this publication and any liabilities arising from them remain the responsibility of the authors. Insofar asphotocopie s from this publication are permitted byth e Copyright Act 1912,Articl e 16Ban dRoya l Netherlands Decree of 20Jun e 1974(Staatsbla d 351) asamende d in Royal Netherlands Decree of 23Augus t 1985(Staatsbla d 471) an db y Copyright Act 1912,Articl e 17,th e legally defined copyright feefo r anycopie s should betransferre d to the Stichting Reprorecht (P.O. Box 882, 1180A W Amstelveen, Netherlands). For reproduction of parts of this publication incompilation s sucha santhologie s or readers (Copyright Act 1912, Article 16), permission must be obtained from the publisher. Printed in the Netherlands. Contents Preface 1 1. Veal production overth eworl d Dutch policy on vealproductio n— R. Woudstra 5 Vealproductio n inth eEuropea n Community —Tj. de Boer 8 Vealproductio n inNort h America— R. Groenevelt 16 2. Animal welfare Needs andwelfar e of housed calves— D.M. Broom 23 Effects of breed andearl y social environment oncal f behaviour —P. Le Neindre 32 Ethological andphysiologica l reactions of vealcalve s in group-housing systems— C. Müller& M.C.Schlichung 36 Effects of housing onresponse s of vealcalve s tohandlin g and transport —H.R. Trunkfleld, D.M.Broom, K.Maatje, H.K.Wierenga &E. Lambooy 40 Behaviour of vealcalve si nindividua l stalls and grouppen s— J.L.Albright, D.K.Stouffer & N.J.Kenyon 44 Spatialrequirement s of individually housed veal calves of 175t o 300k g — C.C. Ketelaar- deLauwere &.A.C. Smits 49 Development of abnormal oral behaviour in group-housed vealcalves : effects of roughage supply— J. Kooijman, H.K. Wierenga & P.R.Wiepkema 54 3. Housing and management Group housing of veal calves— A.C.Smits & J.G.deWilt 61 Loose-housing experiencei nNort h America— T. Tomkins 67 Automated feeding of milkreplace r and health control of group-housed veal calves— K. Maatje & J. Verhoeff 11 Effects of computerized milkfeede r on behaviour andwelfar e of calves —V. Ferrante, E. Canali, M.Verga &C. Carenzi 76 Health of vealcalve si n4 systems ofindividua l housingdurin g thefirs t weeks of thefattenin g period— E. ter Wee, H.K.Wierenga, LP. Jorna & A.C. Smits 81 Applicability of natural ventilation in veal-calf houses: atheoretica l approach —A. van 'tOoster 85 Purification of vealcal f manure— PJ.W. ten Have, H.C.Willers & W.G.J.M. vanTongeren 95 4. Health andcar e Control of infectious diseasei n housed vealcalve s— AJ.F. Webster 103 Ruminaidrinkin gi n vealcalve s— A. vanWeeren-Keverling Buisman, Th. Wensing, HJ. Breukink& J.M.V.M. Mouwen 113 Abomasal ulcers invea lcalves :pathogenesi s and prevention —H.J. Breukink, Th.Wensing & J.M.V.M. Mouwen 118 Thermal demand of one-week-oldcalve s attw ofeedin g levels —J.W. Schrama, W. v.d. Hel & M.WA. Verstegen 123 5. Welfare legislation Proposed legislation by theEuropea n Community onprotectio n of calves — AJ. Wilson 129 Intended welfare legislation on vealcalve si nWes tGerman y —G. Baumgartner 132 French view ona vea lcal f legislation— P. Le Neindre & J. Wintergerst 135 Current state of vealcal f welfare discussions inth eUS Aan d Canada — S.E.Curtis 138 6. Marketing Reviewo f vealconsumptio n inFranc e— J.Y. Coroller& Y. Toulhoat 143 Marketing strategies and quality control for veali nth eUnite d States —A. FollenweiderSr. 150 Market-oriented production of veal:a napproac h from practice— S.H.M. Metz 154 Bio-economic model todetermin e theeconomicall y optimum fattening period in vealproductio n — G.WJ. Giesen, T.E. Elema & A.F. Groen 158 Modelprogramm e for production and marketingo f free-range veal —R.A.Brown _ 162 7. Meat quality and growth stimulants Biochemical musclecharacteristic s andvea l quality traits— C. Valin 167 Quality controldurin g vealprocessing :a nevaluatio n of modern techniques —F. J. M. Smulders IIA Integrated quality control in vealproductio n —L.J.M.H. Senden, D. Oostendorp & J. vanden Berg 180 Useo f growth stimulants andresidu econtro l in North Americanvea l production— D.M. Kinsman 185 Multiresidue test for ß-agonistsi n avariet y of matrices— L.A. van Ginkel, R.W. Stephany, HJ. vanRossum & J.F aria 192 8. Nutrition: protein sources Introductory remarks: someaspect so f skim-milk replacement byothe r protein sources in veal-calf diets— G.J.M. vanKempen & J.Huisman 201 The surplus of milkprotein s for nutrition of vealcalve s —E. Hetzner 206 Alternativeprotei n usei ncal f milkreplacer s— C.W. Kolar& TJ. Wagner 211 Varyingprotei n levels in vealcal f finisher formulations —P. Schneider, D. Bakke & D.Bearda 111 Soluble wheatprotei n in milkreplace r for vealcalve s— A. DeLaporte & M.Demeersman 222 Digestibility andgrowt hperformanc e of solublewhea tprotei n for veal calves —G.H. Tolman & M.Demeersman ' 227 9. Nutrition:antinutritiona l factors Nutritional significance of dietary soya antigens in milk substitutes for calves —J.W. Sissons& HE. Pedersen 237 Soyaantigen s and anti-soya-antibody formation incalve s— G.H. Tolman 241 Newdevelopment s in analysis of antinutritional factors —M.G. van Oort, R.J.Hamer & GM. Tolman 247 Intolerance tope aprotei n inth epreruminan tcalf— R.S. Bush,R. Toullec, I. Caugant& P. Guilloteau 253 Screeningtes tfo r trypsin inhibitor— J. Mol& J.Meijer 257 Influence ofcondition s ofprocessin g soyabean s on the contento f antinutritional factors —N. Dubbeldam 261 10. Nutrition: supplementation Experimental data on themode s of action ofprobiotic s— P. Raibaud & J.P. Raynaud 269 Ferrokinetics in vealcalve s— G.A.J. Miltenburg, Th.Wensing, HJ. Breukink &J.J.M. Marx 276 Iron status of new-born calves andeffect s of supplementation with different amounts ofiro n in vealcal f fattening— Th.Wensing, GA J. Miltenburg &HJ. Breukink / 280 Dry feed supplements for fattening white vealcalve s— A.E. vande Braak &J. Mol 285 Vealproductio n with less milkreplace ri n theratio n supplemented with concentrates andmaiz e silage— PL. Bergström & M.Dijkstra 289 Use of by-pass proteins andiso-acid si n aheav y calf diet— LA. Drevjany 29A Closing remarks:som eobservation s 299 Preface Approximately 160peopl efro m eleven countries attendedth efirs t everInternationa lVea l Symposiumi nMarc h 1990.Thi ssymposiu mwa striggere db yth efac ttha tvea lcal fproductio n inEurop ean dNort hAmeric ai sstrongl yinfluence db ydevelopment srelate dt oanima lwelfare , milk quotas, nutrition, automation, waste management and marketing. Therefore, it seemed timelyfo r expertsfro m variouscountrie san ddiscipline st odiscus sth epotentia lan dprospect s for this branch of industry. Three days of presentations resulted in a tremendous amount of materialan ddiscussions .Peopl efro m different backgrounds (researchinstitutes ,th eindustr y and policy-makers) participated in the exchange of facts, ideas and expectations. Hopefully, this symposium hascontribute dt ofurthe r improvement andt one wdevelopment si nvea lcal f production andrelate d activities. It is a pleasure to acknowledge the help of the organizing committee in preparing this symposium.Thank s tothei rintensiv eeffort s the symposium washel dabou t sixmonth s after the organization started. In this context, the contribution of A.C. Smits and J.G. de Wilt as local organizers, and that of A.E. van de Braak and G.J.M, van Kempen in the programme organization deserve specialmention .T .Tomkin splaye da significan t rolei n theinitiativ e to holdth esymposium .Further , theorganizatio nwa sinvaluabl y helpedb yth efinancia l support of anumbe ro f organizations. Duet oth eshor tpreparatio n time,i twa simpossibl et ohav ea proceeding spublishe da tth e time of the meeting. Although draft manuscripts were ready, much work still needed to be done.Member so fth eorganizin gcommitte ean dals oG.H .