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LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #1 New Year’s Day

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 1

Kanji Kana Romaji English

the first three days of 三が日さんがにち sanganichi the New Year

あけましておめでとあけましておめでと Akemashite Happy New Year. うございます。うございます。 omedetō gozaimasu. (formal)

Japanese soup containing mochi 雑煮ぞうに zōni rice cakes

Food served during the New Year's おせち料理おせちりょうり osechi ryōri Holidays

New Year's gift of お年玉おとしだま otoshidama money

袋ふくろ fukuro bag, sack

the practice of making a midnight 二年参りにねんまいり ninen-mairi visit during New Year's Day

元旦がんたん gantan New Year's Day

SAMPLE SENTENCES

みなさん、あけましておめでとうございまお年玉をもらいました。 Otoshidama o moraimashita. す。 Mina-san, akemashite omedetō gozaimasu. I received a gift of New Year's money. Happy new year, everyone.

元旦に神社へお参りに行く。 Gantan ni jinja e o-mairi ni iku.

I visit a shrine on New Year's Day.

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #1 - NEW YEAR’S DAY 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #2 Coming of Age Day

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 2

Kanji Kana Romaji English

お盆おぼん O-bon Bon Festival

long-sleeved kimono worn by unmarried 振袖ふりそで furisode women

小豆あずき azuki red beans

成人の日せいじんのひ Seijin no hi Coming of Age Day

SAMPLE SENTENCES

お盆は祖先をまつる期間なので、祖先の霊小豆が好きです。 Azuki ga suki desu. を迎える前にお墓を掃除するのは大切なことです。 I like red beans. O-bon wa sosen o matsuru kikan nanode, sosen no rei o mukaeru mae ni o-haka o sōji suru no wa taisetsu na koto desu.

O-bon is a period of honoring one's ancestors, so it's important to clean the family graves before welcoming their spirits.

成人の日には、20歳をむかえる多くの男女が着物や袴を着ます。 Seijin no hi ni wa, hatachi o mukaeru ōku no danjo ga kimono ya hakama o kimasu.

On Coming of Age Day, many men and women who are or will be twenty years old by the end of March that year wear traditional Japanese clothes called "kimono" and "hakama".

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #2 - COMING OF AGE DAY 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #3 Setsubun

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 3

Kanji Kana Romaji English

day for the end of 節分せつぶん setsubun winter

立春りっしゅん risshun the first day of spring

the first day of 立夏りっか rikka summer

立秋りっしゅう risshū the first day of fall

立冬りっとう rittō the first day of winter

おにはそと、ふくは Oni wa soto, fuku wa 鬼は外、福は内。うち。 uchi. Devils out, fortune in.

福豆ふくまめ fukumame fortune beans

a man born in a year with the same 年男としおとこ toshiotoko Chinese zodiac sign as the current year

a woman born in a year with the same 年女としおんな toshionna Chinese zodiac sign as the current year

Ehomaki (sushi roll eaten during 恵方巻えほうまき ehōmaki setsubun)

SAMPLE SENTENCES

今日は立春です。鬼は外、福は内！ Kyō wa risshun desu. Oni wa soto, fuku wa uchi!

Today is the first day of spring. Devils out, fortune in!

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #3 - SETSUBUN 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #4 National Foundation Day

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 4

Kanji Kana Romaji English

The old name of National Foundation 紀元節きげんせつ kigensetsu Day

あまてらすおおみか The Goddess of the 天照大神み Amaterasu ōmikami Sun

明治神宮めいじじんぐう Meiji jingū Meiji Shrine

ceremonies commemorating the 紀元祭きげんさい kigensai founding of Japan

皇紀こうき kōki Imperial era

日本書紀にほんしょき Nihon Shoki Chronicles of Japan

National Foundation 建国記念の日けんこくきねんのひ Kenkoku kinen no hi Day

SAMPLE SENTENCES

建国記念の日は、旧暦では元旦です。 Kenkoku kinen no hi wa, kyūreki de wa Gantan desu.

In the lunisolar calendar, Japan's National Foundation Day falls on New Year's Day.

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #4 - NATIONAL FOUNDATION DAY 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #5 Valentine’s Day

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 5

Kanji Kana Romaji English

Chocolate given out 義理チョコぎりチョコ girichoko of duty

chocolate given to the one you are 本命チョコほんめいちょこ honmei choko serious about

chocolate given to 友チョコともちょこ tomo choko friends

バレンタイン・デーバレンタイン・デー Barentain Dē Valentine's Day

SAMPLE SENTENCES

義理チョコをたくさんもらった。 Girichoko o takusan moratta.

I got many obligation chocolates.

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #5 - VALENTINE’S DAY 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #6 Japanese Doll’s Festival

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary

# 6

Kanji Kana Romaji English

Girls' (dolls') Festival 雛祭りひなまつり hinamatsuri (March 3rd)

paper dolls used as room decorations in order to protect one's 流し雛ながしびな nagashibina daughter from calamity

diamond shaped 菱餅ひしもち hishimochi rice cake

ひなあられひなあられ hina-arare sweet rice crackers

sushi with seafood ちらし寿司ちらしずし chirashizushi or vegetables on top

baby's first annual 初節句はつぜっく hatsu-zekku festival

Peach Festival (doll 桃の節句もものせっく momo no sekku festival on March 3rd)

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #6 - JAPANESE DOLL’S FESTIVAL 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #7 White Day

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 7

Kanji Kana Romaji English

White Day, March 14th, the day guys return the favor and give sweets to girls ホワイト・デーホワイト・デー howaito dē that gave them chocolate or sweets on V-day

sweets, candy, お菓子おかし o-kashi confectionery

journal, magazine, 雑誌ざっし zasshi periodical

お返しおかえし okaeshi return gift

SAMPLE SENTENCES

お菓子を作ることが好きです。本屋で雑誌を買いました。 O-kashi o tsukuru koto ga suki desu. Hon'ya de zasshi o kaimashita.

I like making sweets. I bought a magazine at the bookstore.

バレンタインデーのお返しをもらった。 Barentaindē no o-kaeshi o moratta.

I got a return gift on Valentine's Day.

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #7 - WHITE DAY 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #8 Vernal Equinox

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary

# 8

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

Autumnal 秋分の日しゅうぶんのひ Shūbun no Hi Equinox Day noun

rice dumpling covered and おはぎおはぎ ohagi filled with sweet bean jam

rice dumpling covered with ぼた餅ぼたもち botamochi noun bean paste

Vernal Equinox 春分の日しゅんぶんのひ Shunbun no Hi Day noun

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #8 - VERNAL EQUINOX 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #9 Graduation and Entrance Ceremony

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 9

Kanji Kana Romaji English

卒業式そつぎょうしき sotsugyōshiki graduation ceremony

着物きもの kimono kimono

袴はかま hakama hakama

title of Japanese 君が代きみがよ Kimigayo national anthem

蛍の光ほたるのひかり Hotaru no Hikari Auld Lang Syne

SAMPLE SENTENCES

卒業式に何を着るか迷っている。私は着物が好きです。 Sotsugyōshiki ni nani o kiru ka mayotte iru. Watashi wa kimono ga suki desu.

I am wondering what I should wear at the I like kimonos. graduation ceremony.

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #9 - GRADUATION AND ENTRANCE CEREMONY 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #10 Cherry Blossom Viewing

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary

# 10

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

ほうたいこうは Hōtaikō Hanami 豊太閤花見行列なみぎょうれつ Gyōretsu Hanami Parade proper noun

醍醐寺だいごじ Daigo-ji Daigo-ji temple proper noun

cherry blossom viewing, flower 花見はなみ hanami viewing

Azuchi– あづちももやま Azuchi- Momoyama 安土桃山時代じだい Momoyama jidai period

hold a place, save a spot, 場所取りばしょとり basho tori noun phrase grab a place

とよとみひでよ Toyotomi Toyotomi 豊臣秀吉し Hideyoshi Hideyoshi

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #10 - CHERRY BLOSSOM VIEWING 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #11 Showa Day

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 11

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

the emperor of 天皇てんのう tennō Japan noun

the Showa 昭和しょうわ shōwa Period noun

めいじじんぐか Meiji Jingu Meiji Jingū 明治神宮会館いかん Kaikan shrine proper noun

昭和の日しょうわのひ Shōwa no hi Showa Day noun

緑の日みどりのひ Midori no Hi Greenery Day noun

明治神宮めいじじんぐう Meiji jingū Meiji Shrine proper noun

SAMPLE SENTENCES

天皇は忙しいです。 Tennō wa isogashii desu.

The emperor of Japan is busy.

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #11 - SHOWA DAY 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #12 Constitution Day

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 12

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

正義せいぎ seigi justice, right noun

Department of 司法省しほうしょう Shihō shō Justice noun

憲法けんぽう kenpō constitution noun

けんぽうきねん Constitution 憲法記念日び Kenpō kinenbi Memorial Day noun

SAMPLE SENTENCES

その国は海外での軍事力行使を憲法により禁止されています。 Sono kuni wa kaigai de no gunjiryoku kōshi o kenpō ni yori kinshi sarete imasu.

That country is prohibited by its constitution from exercising military force overseas.

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #12 - CONSTITUTION DAY 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #13 Boys' Festival

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 13

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

ごがつにんぎょ五月人形う五月人形 May doll noun

dangerous river appeared in an 登龍とうりゅう Tōryū noun old Chinese tale

Girls' (dolls') Festival (March 雛祭りひなまつり hinamatsuri noun 3rd)

the Boys' 端午の節句たんごのせっく tango no sekku Festival noun

samurai, warrior in the Edo 侍さむらい samurai noun period

金太郎きんたろう Kintarō the Golden Boy proper noun

rice cakes wrapped in oak 柏餅かしわもち kashiwamochi noun leaves

柏かしわ kashiwa oak tree noun

a food derived from China made by wrapping steamed 粽ちまき chimaki noun glutinous rice with leaves such as bamboo grass

さけさけ sake alcohol noun

SAMPLE SENTENCES

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #13 - BOYS' FESTIVAL 2 今日は端午の節句だ。 Kyō wa tango no sekku da.

Today is Boys' Festival.

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #13 - BOYS' FESTIVAL 3 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #14 Star Festival

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 14

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

祭りまつり matsuri festival noun

hanging 笹飾りささかぜり sasakazari decorations noun

彦星ひこぼし彦星 the cow herder proper noun

(thin)fried 焼きそばやきそば yakisoba noodles noun

the weaving 織姫おりひめ Orihime princess proper noun

Sendai (place 仙台せんだい Sendai in Japan) proper noun

七夕たなばた Tanabata The Star Festival noun

たこ焼きたこやき takoyaki octopus balls noun

SAMPLE SENTENCES

祭りがある時は、よく花火もあげられま七夕に、願い事を書く習慣があります。す。 Tanabata ni negaigoto o kaku shūkan ga arimasu. Matsuri ga aru toki wa, yoku hanabi mo ageraremasu. We write our wishes in the Star Festival. When there's a festival, fireworks are often also set off.

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #14 - STAR FESTIVAL 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #15 O-Bon, Festival of Souls

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 15

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

阿波踊りあわおどり Awa odori Awa dance noun

お盆休みおぼんやすみ o-bon yasumi Bon vacation noun

Bon Festival 盆踊りぼんおどり bon odori dance noun

休みやすみ yasumi holiday, time off noun

お盆おぼん O-bon Bon Festival noun

SAMPLE SENTENCES

１週間のお休みをください。お盆は祖先をまつる期間なので、祖先の霊 I-sshūkan no o-yasumi o kudasai. を迎える前にお墓を掃除するのは大切なこ Please give me a week off. とです。 O-bon wa sosen o matsuru kikan nanode, sosen no rei o mukaeru mae ni o-haka o sōji suru no wa taisetsu na koto desu.

O-bon is a period of honoring one's ancestors, so it's important to clean the family graves before welcoming their spirits.

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #15 - O-BON, FESTIVAL OF SOULS 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #16 Respect for the Aged Day

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 16

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

卒寿そつじゅ sotsuju 90th birthday noun

長寿ちょうじゅ chōju longevity noun

傘寿さんじゅ sanju 80th birthday noun

Respect for the 敬老の日けいろうのひ Keirō no hi Aged Day noun

SAMPLE SENTENCES

敬老の日には、祖父母に感謝の気持ちを伝えます。 Keirō no hi ni wa, sofubo ni kansha no kimochi o tsutaemasu.

Japanese people show appreciation for their grandparents on Respect for the Aged Day.

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #16 - RESPECT FOR THE AGED DAY 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #17 Autumnal Equinox

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary

# 17

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

a Japanese sweet cooked grains of rice are crushed お萩おはぎ ohagi noun slightly and then covered with bean paste

萩はぎ hagi lespedeza noun

equinoctial ceremony held by the emperor 皇霊祭こうれいさい Kōreisai at the shrine of noun imperial ancestors

autumnal 秋分しゅうぶん shūbun equinox noun

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #17 - AUTUMNAL EQUINOX 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #18 Moon-viewing

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 18

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

月見つきみ tsukimi moon viewing noun

月見そばつきみそば tsukimi soba moon soba noun

udon, Japanese うどんうどん udon wheat noodle noun

soba, buckwheat そばそば soba noun noodles

moon udon 月見うどんつきみうどん tsukimi udon noodles noun

十五夜じゅうごや jūgoya full moon night noun

ちゅうしゅうの chūshū no 中秋の名月めいげつ meigetsu harvest moon noun

SAMPLE SENTENCES

そばが食べたいです。 Soba ga tabetai desu.

I want to eat buckwheat noodles.

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #18 - MOON-VIEWING 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #19 Sports Day

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 19

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

オリンピックオリンピック orinpikku the Olympics noun

綱引きつなひき tsunahiki tug of war noun

Health and 体育の日たいいくのひ taiiku no hi Sports Day noun

運動会うんどうかい undōkai sports festival noun

SAMPLE SENTENCES

彼女は、オリンピックで活躍した。 Kanojo wa Orinpikku de katsuyaku shita.

She gave a great performance at the Olympics.

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #19 - SPORTS DAY 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #20 Culture Day

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary

# 20

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

Seiji Ozawa, world- renowned 小沢征爾おざわせいじ Ozawa Seiji proper noun Japanese conductor

Tadao Ando, Japanese 安藤忠雄あんどうただお Andō Tadao proper noun architect

Issey Miyake, famous 三宅一生みやけいっせい Miyake Issei Japanese proper noun fashion designer

court dances 舞楽ぶがく bugaku and music noun

文化の日ぶんかのひ bunka no hi Culture Day noun

文化ぶんか bunka culture noun

Meiji period 明治めいじ meiji (1868-1912) noun

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #20 - CULTURE DAY 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #21 Shichi-Go-San Festival

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 21

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

千歳飴ちとせあめ chitoseame longevity candy noun

Japanese formal coat, 羽織はおり haori noun haori coat

着物きもの kimono kimono noun

ceremonial skirt/ Formal men’s divided 袴はかま hakama noun skirt/ Japanese kilt

celebration of child’s third fifth 七五三しちごさん shichigosan and seventh noun years

SAMPLE SENTENCES

着物の上に羽織を着る。私は着物が好きです。 Kimono no ue ni haori o kiru. Watashi wa kimono ga suki desu.

You wear a haori coat on top of kimono. I like kimonos.

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #21 - SHICHI-GO-SAN FESTIVAL 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #22 Labor Thanksgiving Day

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 22

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

New Harvest 新嘗祭にいなめさい niinamesai Festival noun

勤労きんろう kinrō labor noun

収穫しゅうかく shūkaku harvest, crop noun

Labour きんろうかんし Kinrō kansha Thanksgiving 勤労感謝の日 noun ゃのひ no hi Day

SAMPLE SENTENCES

そろそろ収穫の時期だ。勤労感謝の日は、日々の勤労をねぎらう日 Sorosoro shūkaku no jiki da. です。 Kinrō kansha no hi wa, hibi no kinrō o negirau hi It's about time to harvest crops. desu.

Labour Thanksgiving Day is the day for rewarding daily hard work.

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #22 - LABOR THANKSGIVING DAY 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #23 Christmas

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 23

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

クリスマスケークリスマスケーキキ kurisumasu kēki Christmas cake noun

サンタクロースサンタクロース Santa Kurōsu Santa Claus proper noun

メリー・クリスメリー・クリス Merī Merry マス！マス！ kurisumasu! Christmas! expression

クリスマスクリスマス kurisumasu Christmas noun

SAMPLE SENTENCES

サンタクロースは誰ですか。メリークリスマス！ Santa Kurōsu wa dare desu ka. Merī Kurisumasu!

Who is Santa Claus? Merry Christmas!

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #23 - CHRISTMAS 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #24 Year-End Parties

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 24

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

Sōseki Natsume, a 夏目漱石そうせきなつめ Sōseki Natsume popular proper noun Japanese writer

忘れるわすれる wasureru to forget verb

おさけおさけ o-sake alcohol noun

忘年会ぼうねんかい bōnen-kai year-end party noun

SAMPLE SENTENCES

自分がどういう立場の人間か忘れてはいけわたしはおさけをのみません。 Watashi wa o-sake o nomimasen. ません。 Jibun ga dō iu tachiba no ningen ka wasurete wa I don't drink alcohol. ikemasen.

Never forget where you come from.

忘年会をしましょう。 Bōnen-kai o shimashō!

Let's have a year end party!

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #24 - YEAR-END PARTIES 2 LESSON NOTES Culture Class: Holidays in Japan S1 #25 New Year’s Eve

CONTENTS

2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences

# 25

Kanji Kana Romaji English Class

soba, buckwheat そばそば soba noun noodles

Food served during the New おせち料理おせちりょうり osechi ryōri noun Year's Holidays

the last day of a 大晦日おおみそか ōmisoka year noun

God visiting each home at 年神としがみ Toshigami noun the year end

the last day of each month in 晦日みそか misoka the lunar noun calendar

SAMPLE SENTENCES

そばが食べたいです。お正月におせち料理を食べる。 Soba ga tabetai desu. oshougatsu ni osechi ryouri wo taberu.

I want to eat buckwheat noodles. To eat a New Year's dish on New Year's day.

JAPANESEPOD101.COM CULTURE CLASS: HOLIDAYS IN JAPAN S1 #25 - NEW YEAR’S EVE 2 Intro 13 Boys' Festival 1 New Year’s Day 14 Star Festival 2 Coming of Age Day 15 O-Bon, Festival of Souls 3 Setsubun 16 Respect for the Aged Day 4 National Foundation Day 17 Autumnal Equinox 5 Valentine’s Day 18 Moon-viewing 6 Japanese Doll’s Festival 19 Sports Day 7 White Day 20 Culture Day 8 Vernal Equinox 21 Shichi-Go-San Festival 9 Graduation and Entrance Ceremony 22 Labor Thanksgiving Day 10 Cherry Blossom Viewing 23 Christmas 11 Showa Day 24 Year-End Parties 12 Constitution Day 25 New Year’s Eve