Editor-Manager Among Friends Vinton Deming Assistant Editor Timothy Drake Heroes Art Director Barbara Benton Guest Designer had my share of boyhood heroes that summer. The Cubs, after all, were about to John Gummere win a pennant. If it were not for the war against Japan, and my parents' fears that Development Consultant I I might get polio if I were in big crowds, we would have gone more often to Henry Freeman Wrigley Field to cheer them on. But my dad, brother, and I hung close to the porch Marketing and Advertising Manager Nagendran Gulendran radio and yelped as Stan Hack made sparkling plays at third, Bill Nicholson parked Production and Editorial Assistant one homer after another into the right field bleachers, and Hank Wise edged closer to Kenneth Sutton • the 20-game-winner mark. I couldn't wait for my dad to bring home the sports pages Secretary each evening so I could put to memory the batting averages and standings. Edward s'argent Bookkeeper We studied other sections of the paper too as we sought clues to the whereabouts James Neveil of our other hero, my mom's brother. Uncle Vint was somewhere in the South Circulation Assistant Pacific with the 5th Marines. He had stormed onto the beaches of such places as Tara Collins Guam, Tinian, Saipan, and Iwo Jima. Rumor had it that the marines would be Development Data Entry landing soon in Japan itself. Any day I expected to see my uncle's picture on the Pamela Nelson Volunteers front page as he and his buddies and General MacArthur marched into Tokyo. Jane Burgess, Emily Conlon, Marguerite Clark, So I was glad that August when I saw the headlines and learned about a new Gwen Neveil, Robert Sutton Bomb that had been dropped on Japan-then a second one. My folks and everyone I Board of Managers knew said it would bring the war to an end soon, and that was good. It was sure to Irwin Abrams, Jennie Allen, Frank Bjomsgaard, Susan Carnahan, Sue Carnell, Alice Charbonnet, save lots of American lives too, they said, and this sounded good to all of us. My Marguerite Clarlc, Barbara Coffin, Emily Conlon, uncle was sure to be home soon, along with lots of my friends' fathers and brothers. Phoebe Cottingham (Treasurer), Richard Eldridge (Clerk}, Deborah Fisch, And now it's 50 years later- most of my lifetime. The Cubs haven't won another Marty Grundy, Kitty Harrison, Robert Kunkel, pennant, though they came close once. God knows, it wasn't because I didn't cheer Carol MacCormack, Mary Mangelsdorf, them on, even in the years when they finished last. Such miserable teams! But even Jack Mongar, Lee Neff, Caroline Balderston Parry (Recording Clerk), now, living in Pennsylvania, I still root for them. Once a Cub fan, always a Cub fan. Lisa Lewis Raymer, Margery Rubin, Mary Ellen Other things changed for me, though, as I reached adulthood- things that made Singsen, Larry C. Spears, Robert Stauffer, me view the world much differently. As a young adult I read John Hersey's book Robert Sutton, Carolyn Terrell Honorary Manager Hiroshima, and I later learned of the Hiroshima Maidens. I experienced first-hand Eleanor Stabler Clarice the stupidity of the military system when I was drafted out of grad school. Like FRI ENDS JOURNAL {ISSN 00 16-1322) was others, I suffered through the Cold War years, the invention of the H-bomb, the established in 1955 as the successor to The bomb shelters, the missile crises, the unending arms race at the expense of social Friend (1827-1 955) and Friends lntel/igencer ( 1844-1955). It is associated with the Religious programs. By the 1960s I had become a pacifist. I no longer believed that might Society of Friends. makes right, that the side with the biggest supply of nuclear bombs deserves to make • FRIENDS JOURNAL is published monthly by Fri.ends the rules. I came to believe that the Bomb, which I once considered the greatest hope Publishing Corporation, 1501 Cherry St., for a peaceful world, had become far more sinister; it threatened to destroy not only Philadelphia, PA 19102-1497. Telephone (215) 241 -7277. Accepted as second-class postage at our nation's enemies but our nation itself, our planet, life as we know it. As Barbara Philadelphia, Pa., and additional mailing offices. Reynolds once so wisely said, we are all hibakusha- we are all survivors of the • Subscriptions: one year $21, two years $40. Add Bomb. $6 per year for postage to countries outside the U.S., As we made plans for this 50th anniversary issue we asked our friend Lynne Canada, and Mexico. Individual copies $2 each. • Information on and assistance with advertising is Shivers for advice. Our special thanks to her for her suggestions and guidance available on request. Appearance of any throughout, also to Terry Foss for his help with photographs. As we think now about advertisement does not imply endorsement by the history of the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, we must realize that a FRIENDS JOURNAL. terrible threat and danger still remains. Even as I write, France prepares to begin a • Postmaster: send address changes to FRIENDS JouRNAL, 150 I Cherry St., new series of nuclear tests, and other nations long to develop such technology. Our Philadelphia, PA 1910 2- 1497 own country has far to go to rid itself of its huge stockpiles of nuclear weapons and • Copyright 10 1995 by Friends Publishing to commit itself to other ways of resolving national differences. Corporation. Reprints of articles available at nominal cost. Permission should be received before There is work still to do, heroes of peace to be named and to be celebrated. reprinting excerpts longer than 200 words. Available on microfilm from University Microfilms International. PRJNTEDON RECYCLED PAPER

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Features Departments

6 What I Have Learned 2 Among Friends from Hibakusha Lynne Shivers 4 Forum We are all affected by the Bomb. Hiroshima and Nagasaki 20 AFSCNotes hibakusha point the way past this reality. 22 News of Friends 8 Looking for Meaning Susumu Ishitani 23 Bulletin Board A Friend and Nagaski survivor has found both meaning and wisdom in his search. 24 Calendar 10 Testimonies of Survivors 25 Books Junko Fujimoto 28 Milestones Tsuneo Tomimatso They share what they witnessed 50 years ago and what they 32 Classified have learned since. 34 Meetings 13 An Overriding Compassion Barbara Reynolds Poetry What is the source ofthe compassion and concern hibakusha feel for the rest ofthe world? 12 America, Land of 13 Honorary Citizens Of Hiroshima Lynne Shivers Mercy Two Friends are among the handful who have been honored. Sadako Kurihara 15 Hiroshima! 14 Hiroshima Day, 1990 A Small, Personal Story Jessica Reynolds Shaver Gordon Browne 17 At the Mound Forty years ofguilt find healing at last. Edward A. Dougherty 16 I Abhor War 40 Haiku Michiko Yamaoka Yasuhiko Shigemoto One ofthe Hiroshima Maidens, she continues to raise her voice for peace.

Each August in Hiroshima, candles are floated on the water. The cover photo is courtesy ofCity of Hiroshima; haiku on back cover is by Yasuhiko Shigemoto, a teacher and poet who lives in Osaka, Japan. The English translation is by John Backes.

FRIENDS JOURNAL August 1995 Forum

Peace or Justice and the open warfare. efforts, and then to come rushing in when We must admit that Friends do accept the situation is critical, hoping for a quick, Just War Theory some forms of coercion, and most see the high-profile, enforcer role. This position I do need in our less-than-perfect society for not regard as absolutist at all. The two articles "Peace or Justice" by civilian local police forces operating under Alfred Andersen and "The Just War law. However, the job of the police is not to Geoffrey G. Huggins Theory" by Lincoln Moses (FJ April) kill or destroy but to use minimum force to Winchester, Va. provide the basis for an important dialogue apprehend suspects. The job of the military as Friends consider the relevance of the has been to search out and destroy the In Friends' response to unpleasant, evil, testimony against all war and the need for enemy. Although I believe that all our and violent situations, I witness an structural change to bring about a more just testimonies need to be examined and revised astonishing level of creativity. I believe this society. It is impossible to address all the if we are so led by new revelations, I find it creativeness comes from a number of issues raised here, but let me comment on difficult to conceive a situation in which I sources, all ultimately div.ine: centeredness, two of them. could use lethal force on another human openness, humility, sincerity, simplicity, First, the proposal for a testimony on being either to protect myself or others, or to solidarity, discipline, vision, imagination, justice: I welcome Alfred Andersen's call participate in war. Although many Friends and consideration of sometimes endless for Friends "to envision and then help have felt conscientiously able to participate nonviolent options of word and/or action. It establish truly just economic and political in war, the peace testimony has never been is thought that the earliest Friends structures as gradual replacements to repealed by any Friends body. Peace is not experienced nonviolence not so much as a oppressive and inequitable ones currently just a goal but an approach, a process. It is command from God, as a gift-divine dominating life on this earth." It would have through peaceful, nonviolent measures of direct-action, if you will-to which they been helpful if he had shared his own vision applied love and compassion that true responded in freedom and joy. One of their and the ways to its fulfillment. Prophets and sustainable justice is gained, as we build realizations to which I am brought in my religious leaders such as Jesus, Buddha, and together the community of God. own experience is "the life and power that Mohammed have all called for basic takes away the occasion of all wars"; changes but seldom spelled out their vision RobertS. Vogel familiarity with the three-centuries-old in political or economic terms, or how the Pasadena, Calif. saying should not rob us of its power, of the new society was to be achieved. Yet, one "good news," of the testimony it offers to thing that has distinguished Friends has been Although I think Alfred Andersen makes all. the core concern to build the community of several thoughtful points about the pursuit of On the other hand, even when we God as way opened. Our historic justice and peace, I must take exception to attempt to keep forms of violence as a last testimonies of peace, equality, simplicity, the manner in which he portrays the position resort, history shows that they usually fight and community are the fruits of the Spirit. of the American Friends Service Committee their way to the front of the line, ahead of Doingjustice'has characterized each action and Friends Committee on National the other resorts. To AI Andersen and others or movement. Historically, Friends have Legislation. When he writes of their attempting to cope with dilemmas toward been in the forefront of movements for opposition to sending military troops to violence, I commend the book What Would social, racial, economic, and political Somalia, he repeatedly refers to their You Do?: A Serious Answer to a Standard justice. Our service and legislative advocate position as an "absolutist pacifist position." Question, by John Howard Yoder with Joan organizations are hard at work to bring about This is neither correct nor fair. He is Baez, Tom Skinner, Leo Tolstoy, and others justice/fairness. Perhaps Friends have not prejudicing the reader by suggesting the (Herald Press, 1992). Particularly good are taken time to define clearly macro goals, but position to be extreme and unyielding. Yoder's introductory essay and Baez's let it not be said that Friends have not In fact, the position taken by the AFSC at insight- and humor-filled chapter. To quote applied their religious insights to the goal of the time of the Somalia invasion had not from the book, may we all be given justice for all. much to do with absolutism, unyielding whatever it takes to confront moral tragedy Second, the plea to abandon an pacifism, or even an uncompromising stance "with creative surprise, denying that the "absolutist" peace testimony: Both of the against the use ofarms in peacemaking. As I intruder has the last word in defining the authors address this issue, but in different read the December 1992 statement by problem." ways. Lincoln Moses rejects the just war AFSC, their opposition to troops was based Leo J. Filon lii theory as irrelevant and harmful, but he does on their belief that such a move was Elkhart, Ind. not meet Andersen's justification of the use counterproductive to any lasting solution. of lethal force, if necessary, against Serious peacemaking efforts on the part of As one who greeted the initial wrongdoers, all in the interest ofjustice / many nongovernmental organizations deployment of troops to Somalia as an fairness. Andersen is critical of Friends (including the AFSC) were making headway appropriate and even creative use of U.S. organizations for opposing sending troops to in Somalia in getting food to starving troops, I was doubly disappointed when it Somalia to protect food distribution. Yet, in people. The abrupt military heavy­ became so obvious that sending the military retrospect, Friends were right in opposing handedness eliminated these efforts. A true on a humanitarian mission had resulted in a military intervention, even for ostensibly multinational peacekeeping force under UN military "solution." humanitarian reasons. United States and UN command could have supported and AI Andersen asks whether we should troops entered Somalia to bring food to the expanded, rather than obliterated, the take an absolutist pacifist stand on the use of starving, and ended up shooting Somalians. developing relief effort. The U.S. military forces for humanitarian purposes; I Similarly, British troops were sent to government could have been far more cannot get around thinking this is a Northern Ireland to protect the Catholics, effective in Somalia had it chosen a contradiction in terms. When the guns are and ended up shooting them. Currently, humanitarian, not a military role. left at home, then I might consider the there are widespread discussions on how to What the AFSC was criticizing was the fundamental nature of the mission to be strengthen indigenous peace groups to deal propensity for the United States to avoid the changed. Not until then. with incipient conflicts before they reach work oflong-term, low-key, humanitarian When we are tempted to make

4 August 1995FR.IENDS JOURNAL a troubled world. Societal pressure and the Cold War's end now force many of them to face the tough decisions Andersen and Moses survey. They labor with concerns about just, effective responses to wrongdoing, and, yes, about other people, as is seen in recent planning for nonlethal force, crisis intervention, and humanitarian exceptions to a nonviolent stand, we belief that peace is the right choice that assistance. We could learn a lot from the sometimes act out of righteous anger, but I helps us resist the temptations of fear and history of law enforcement and soldiering, think mostly we act out offear-fear for rage. Absolutely. and from our neighbors who do this work. ourselves, fear for others, sometimes just an Robert Durwood Madison Questions about justice and force are undefined fear. We are not very secure Queen Anne, Md. terribly messy, but here we are. Many animals after all, and our fear is often the Friends have already chosen their answers trigger- literally-of violence. My longtime friend AI Andersen makes (for example, supporting armed police). But it is not simply the nature of the good point that Friends peace testimony Does consistency demand that Friends now humankind that dictates our ethical relations, is not to be accepted thoughtlessly. As with reconsider all of the peace testimony's and it should not be the basest aspects of our all our testimonies, its application needs implications? Aren't we already on a nature that dictate the exceptions to our divine guidance. In the French village where "slippery slope''? Will we slide all the way highest ethical attributes. When else do we Jews were being hidden from Nazis, truthful to the bottom? Do we have the courage to need a personal ethic, if not in moments of answers could have been fatal, and give up the comfort of an absolute position? anger or fear? When else do we need, more Fellowship magazine later ran a series, On the other hand, do we have the faith to than ever, the restraint that prevents us from "Would You Tell a Lie to Save a Life?" hold it? killing in the name of life, ofbeing inhuman In discussing this, the pacifist minister of David Hammond in the name of humanity? Le Chambon said, "God has not given us a Washington, D.C. I recently asked my freshman English blueprint"; that guidance may come only students at the U.S. Naval Academy to write with much hard praying. And this, I think, is Armed police force actions vary widely: an essay justifying their belief that war is a great reason for being a Quaker; when the shootout with the robber, the ejection of necessary to the preservation of their very logic, intelligence, and good intentions have the tenant farmer. Little Rock, Arkansas, souls, just as in the 1960s we had to justify their dead ends, we still have our quiet where federal marshals and the National our belief in nonviolence to avoid listening for finding God's will. Guard enforced integration in the 1950s, conscription. The result was disastrous, not AI Andersen's other point, that justice/ comes to mind. Did the threat of armed because they couldn't write well but equali,ty deserves a higher priority than government force to stop segregationist because, they said, none of them believed it. peace, is familiar. When the brilliant resistance--to enforce ')ustice" and to Instead, they said, we should only fight wars theologian Rheinhold Niebuhr abandoned "keep the peace''-serve our nation well in for very special exceptions to the normal pacifism because, for him, justice was more the short and/or long run? What about course of political affairs, and, of course, moral than peace, a similar view was being Waco? The bombing of the MOVE house in · only as a last resort and for just cause. You exploited across the Atlantic. In those Philadelphia? · would think I had a class full ofQuakers! 1930s, Hitler was getting support by What about transnational armed "police" Yet these students will all study war, some denouncing the unjust Treaty of Versailles, forces, like the soldiers sent to Haiti, will kill, and a few may die in combat. and one of his followers told me it was Somalia, and Bosnia? A skeptical and I would suggest that the challenges to an better to die in a war than live as a slave. But cynical perspective on these and similar absolutist position are not essentially World War II proved itself to be the greatest actions sees governments selling arms to all different now than they were a century, or injustice of all, exacting a death sentence on corners of the world. But if the customers two, or three, ago. When Friends first 55 million mostly innocent victims. overdo it with the merchandise, send in the developed a testimony on peace, my guess As for Somalia, a fraction of the U.S. globocops! The world's upper classes hire is that their world was just as violent, war money for military intervention could have and arm the children of the less well-off to and crime as rampant, and the individual, if done more for that country if given to the jet the globe and wield repeating weapons in anything, was more at the mercy of these AFSC program which has served there for the name of')ustice," "order," and "peace," forces. Yet Friends chose pacifism. Even some dozen years. while the rich enjoy their wealth. (Is this though it might lead to the end of slavery, Franklin Zahn often the way it is at home, too?) when the Civil War broke out Friends in my Los Angeles, Cali£ A realistic, religious pacifist ethic in this home town in Rhode Island chose pacifism. modern age might support the funding of I'm not as good a person or as peaceful a I wish more Friends- including armed transnational police forces, who are person as I would like to be. Under the myself- were personally familiar with the allowed to use military power for self- pressure of fear and rage I too would lives and work of police officers and probably act like an animal. But it is the military people. They too are moral actors in (Continued on page 19)

FRIENDSJOURNALAugust 1995 5 by Lynne Shivers this process. What the hibakusha have to teach has profound significance for the first visited Hiroshima in 1966 and whole world. stayed for a year, working as a volun­ Readers will not understand what J I teer at the World Friendship Center have learned until they know something with Barbara Reynolds and others. The about the history of pain that affected all center was begun a year earlier with the survivors after the explosions. The atomic goal of helping people from the United explosions created three kinds of force: States andhibakusha (he-bak' -sha, atomic blast, heat, and radiation. Each force dif­ bomb survivors) communicate with each fered in intensity according to distance other. I have visited Hiroshima and from the epicenter. For example, almost Nagasaki four more times, and as this everyone within a half mile was killed by issue reaches you, I am once again in the blast (incredibly, however, 500 people survived). Two miles from the epicenter, most people survived, and many houses remained standing, for fires spread only sporadically. Heat affected people differently de­ pending on whether or not they were in­ side or under shelter at the time of the blast. People inside buildings did not ex­ Perience the searing heat that literally melted flesh or forced skin to drop off, unless they were near a window or door. Radiation also affected people differ­ ently according to how close to the epi­ center they were, whether or not they were outside, and how long they stayed in the city. Since the radiation levels lasted for some time, people who came into the

10 cities to do relief work within ten days ~ were later allowed to hold welfare cards ~ for government benefits. ~ Approximately 726,000 hibakusha ex- perienced an explosion firsthand. By the end of 1950, 386,200 hibakusha (53 per­ cent) were still alive. Today, about Hiroshima, to take part in the 50th anni­ 340,000 are still living. versary of the atomic explosions. The physical damages to people have My motivation for the first two visits been well documented. Robert Lifton's was to help survivors and to be a witness study on the long-term psychological ef­ against nuclear explosions ever happen­ fects, which we know now as post-trau­ ing again. But in 1985, during my second matic stress, are laid out in his famous visit, I became aware that some hibakusha book, Death in Lifo. Guilt for surviving had changed from victims who were en­ an event that caused many deaths, taking cased in their physical pain and psycho­ on superhuman efforts to justify one's logical suffering to free individuals who existence, overwhelming identification were spiritually centered and whole. I with death images, and depression are was so shocked that this change was even some of the major effects of long-term possible that I returned to learn more of psychological damage. Lynne Shivers is a member ofC entral Phila­ If this weren't enough, the Japanese delphia (Pa.) Meeting and teaches English at cultural value of conformity worked Community College ofPhilad elphia. against hibakusha, since they were for-

August 1995 fRIENDs JoURNAL ever different from other Japanese people. Left: Often their scars were not able to be hid­ "We are all den by clothing. Hibakusha were often hlbakusha; weak or became more sensitive to heat We are all survivors." and cold, so they were often denied work Opposite page: because employers thought they would After the explosion In be unreliable. Potential in-laws worried Hiroshima, a crowd whether or not children would be geneti­ of people gathered at cally damaged, so they frequently refused a temporary first-aid permission for marriage. Worst of all, station at Mlyuki rumors persisted that hibakusha were con­ Bridge, 2.3 km from tagious, so the poorest were forced to live ..g the hypocenter. This in riverside shacks. After years of this ~ photo was taken a little past 11 a.m. constant oppression, most hibakusha in- ~ temalized the message and believed these ~ things about themselves. ~ The first important lesson I learned :l: l....------1 from hibakusha was what it means to be human on a fundamental level. They re­ told that the Speaker was telling her expe­ cause they had no common identity prior sponded to their situation with the whole rience of the atomic bombing. She had to the bombings. They come from dispar­ range of possible reactions. Some re­ been inside her home, and the explosion ate perspectives of class, age, and gender. sponded heroically, as did two trainmen collapsed the house on her. As she finally It has been impossible for hibakusha to in Nagasaki. The explosion there did not pushed aside the rubble of her house, reach a unified response to the question, completely destroy the train tracks that lifted herself from the roof tiles and "Why did it happen?" Its effects fell on ran the whole length of the narrow wooden beams, and looked around, she everyone without reason or justice. Many Urakami valley. For a few days, a con­ saw that all the houses in her neighbor­ survivors have noted they were in such a ductor and an engineer ran the train up hood had been flattened, save one-be­ place that morning by accident. This led and down the valley, stopping to pick up longing to her husband's mistress! many to consider the place of accident or the wounded and carry them to first-aid Some hibakusha joined or created na­ fate in their lives. Thus, people responded shelters. Yet hibakusha can also be jeal­ tional organizations to end the threat of from their own relative sense of hopeless­ ous, vindictive, and petty. Today, the two nuclear global war or to create pressure ness or power according to their life situ­ men reportedly will not speak to each on the government to create welfare for ation-businessman, stu4ent, housewife, other since each believes he was the one hibakusha. All these large organizations child, poor, etc. who thought up the idea and refuses to · achieved important benefits and gave · In fact, some hibakusha have noted share the glory with the other. hibakusha a voice. The first national con­ that were it not for the fact of the explo­ Some hibakusha became famous early ference against atomic and hydrogen sion they would have lived very normal, on, sometimes not by their own doing. bombs took place in 1955, and in 1957 prosaic lives. Experiencing the blast and Kiyoshi Kikkawa was prominent because the Japanese government began to regis­ living through it gave many hibakusha a his back was a mass of keloid scars; he ter hibakusha to receive health benefits. unique platform from which to speak, and received 35 operations to remove some Other hibakusha never felt comfort­ some have become well known and pow­ of this rubbery sear tissue and remained able joining anything but still felt com­ erful people. Nevertheless, their fame or in the hospital until 1951. When photog­ pelled to build world peace. One position is based on dreadful pain and raphers from Life Magazine visited housewife, Mrs. Chiyo Takeuchi, in suffering that they can never forget. Hiroshima in 1947, Kiyoshi 's photo ap­ the mid-1960s, began to fold paper dolls Hibakusha who radically change this peared on the last page. Hiroshima jour­ as a way of communicating something picture are those who have transformed nalists dubbed him "Hibakusha # 1." Since human across national and cultural barri­ their psychological pain and alienation Japanese culture values anonymity and ers. She still folds them today and has into a new identification with the rest of not drawing attention to oneself, the title convinced all but the most hardened po­ the world. This is the second lesson I have was not meant as an honor. litical hibakusha organizations to send learned from survivors. Hibakusha have We can understand jealousy and petti­ her paper dolls abroad as a way of com­ known that when atomic tests were ex­ ness, but we are not prepared for humor. municating. ploded in Nevada, the South Pacific, east­ I'll never forget when working as a vol­ Still other hibakusha have never acted em Soviet Union, deserts in China, and unteer at the World Friendship Center in or spoken publicly about their hopes for a elsewhere people would suffer and die. 1966--67, Barbara Reynolds held an En­ world without nuclear weapons. They de- They knew what would happen as a result glish conversation class for housewives . cided long ago that they wanted to forget of accidental releases of radiation at once a week. After two hours of English or ignore their injuries and live in the Chemobyl or anywhere that people were conversation, tea and cookies appeared present. For some hibakusha, this may exposed to radiation, as in nuclear energy and conversation continued in Japanese. have been a positive move. For others, plants, hospitals, or factories. One morning, as I was typing letters in however, it meant denying a profound Consequently, from Japan, which views another room, one Japanese woman spoke reality about themselves, a reality that itself as set apart from the rest of the for some time. Then the group erupted continued to affect their lives. world, a group of people now embrace into laughter which lasted for five min­ I have concluded that there is such a identity with the ~hole world, an identity utes! I had to ask what it was about. I was range of responses among hibakusha be- that rejects national boundaries of any

FRIENDs JoURNAL August 1995 7 sort. Furthennore, they reject any use of nuclear weapons because such weapons are part of the old culture that identifies Looking for Meaning death at the center of existence. These hibakusha want to embrace only life and life-affinning activities. by Susumu Ishitani the blisters, I found it necessary some­ What has deeply moved me is this times to lie down on the floor without realization: If it is possible for a group of participating in gym class. When we were people so deeply injured 50 years ago to was in the eighth grade, at the age of kept standing for a long time in line at reach through the levels of pain to this 13, when I was exposed to the A­ school I sometimes felt dizzy and had to spiritual transfonnation, it is also possible I bomb in Nagasaki. I was talking with leave the line. This was for the few years for the rest of us, who have not been as my elder sister in the dining kitchen of when I was still in Nagasaki. In those deeply injured, to undertake a similar our house after coming back from school. days I was apparently affected by the transfonnation. We began to feel hungry and my sister bomb, but we did not know anything of The third lesson I have learned from had started cooking when we heard the the effects of the radioactivity.... hibakusha is that we are all hibakusha. buzzing sound of a U.S. bomber. My We sometimes hear people involved The first definition of hibakusha is, of sister, who had experienced some terrify­ in peace movements in Japan say a phrase, course, those who experienced the atomic ing air-raids before she came to Nagasaki "Hiroshima of anger and Nagasaki of bombings first hand. But the second con­ city, immediately recognized the sound prayer." Often when they say this, they centric circle includes all those who have as that of the B-29 and suggested that we mean that in Hiroshima active peace experienced massive doses of radiation go to the shelter for safety. But I, who had movements come out of the anger of the that might limit one's life in terms of not had any terrifying experiences of victims of the A-bomb and in Nagasaki health (nuclear tests, accidents, etc.). Then, bombing, said, "Well, Sister, they just people never stand up against anything many of the rest of us are also hibakusha came again. They wouldn't do any harm. but pray for help without doing anything because we have been deeply affected by So far Nagasaki has never been badly positive, depending on either their fate or what happened to hibakusha ofHiroshima attacked. So we shall be all right." Before some authority. We cannot deny that in and Nagasaki. Finally, all the rest of the I finished the last sentence, a strong glit­ Hiroshima we always find some activi­ world are also hibakusha in the sense that tering light struck us. I thought it was the ties regarding peace going on, while visi­ nuclear weapons might still be used in the light of a flash-light bomb dropped by tors to the A-bomb museum in Nagasaki future. Thus, we all need to face the mistake on the top of the roof of my find very few peace activities. But I won­ nuclear reality and work for the elimina­ house. I dashed into the next room, shout­ der if anger can really produce anything tion of nuclear weapons as well as for the ing out to my sister to come along, to hide of peace? How about prayer? According will not to use them. myself from the light, proceeding to the to my understanding, anger needs to be If this were to be accomplished at this corridor to get out of the front door. But checked carefully so that it does not pro­ 50th anniversary, the deepest dreams of before I reached the door I felt a strong duce hatred, which is one of the elements Hiroshima and Nagasaki hibakusha would blast approaching and I flattened myself ofwar. I can admit that indignation against be fulfilled. r:J on the floor. Soon I felt the blast arrive, injustice is necessary to create peace, smashing and blowing things around. I which should be based on justice. The Mask, "Denunciation: Reduced could not do anything but rely on God. In energy that comes out of indignation can to Ashes," by Kazuaki Kita the moment when I felt the danger of be the source for the energy to push us to death, a strong sensation of trusting God work for peacemaking. The energy to ran all through my body. It was a warm create anything has to be directed through sensation like electricity, which made me the right channels. It cannot be creative if feel that I would be defmitely protected the anger is aimed at either American by God. Somehow I did not feel any fear. people or Russian people. Indignation has I concentrated all senses of awareness on to be addressed to what cruel deeds we the trust-feeling. Things were coming Japanese did just as equally to what the down near me. But I felt a kind of relig­ American military did, but not to military ious feeling and knew that I would not men as persons .... die, being protected by the divine Human beings originally do not exist power.... in solitude, separate from one another, As for my health, about half a year but exist as social beings with warm feel­ later I got blisters all over my body. The ings of humanity. The proof can be found shape of those blisters was strange, look­ among the suffering people in the situa­ ing like small round pancakes full of pus. tions under the mushroom clouds. When I had swollen glands and a slight fever. a father finally succeeded in getting out Because of the dullness and fever from of the pile of fallen timbers and concrete Susumu Ishitani lives in Yokohama, Japan. things and found his wife unable to get He is clerk of Tokyo Meeting and teaches out to safety from the approaching fire, ethics at Hosei University in Tokyo. These he said, "I would stay with you and die remarks are reprinted from the 22nd James together," after trying in vain to get her Backhouse Lecture ofAustralia Yearly Meet­ out. She said, "Save yourself, please, lest ing (1986). our children should be left without both

August 1995 FRIENDS JoURNAL history of humankind. I agree with him in the sense that the epoch-making event of the birth of possible self-annihilation of ·humanity urges us human beings to make radical changes for our survival, for fmd­ ing a peaceful solution of conflicts, and for creating a new loving way shown by God in the way of Jesus Christ on the cross and on His resurrection. Light is :., going to be revealed by the darkness of ~ the annihilating bombs to shine and show l a new, caring way. We are in the middle '0> of the time of awakening our souls to § repent and change.... ~ The other day, I found a poem in a ~ Japanese Christian newspaper that ex­ ~ presses an important aspect of our search "§ for meaning in our life. It goes like this, 13 according to my English translation:

If not having become ill, parents." A boy who witnessed all of the meaning or power that is expected for me such prayers would not have come tense situation of his parents' departure to draw out of my experience yet. It must out. from one another has written describing be an endless or bottomless source to If not having become ill, what he has seen and heard. He was a draw out living water for me to look back such miracle would not have been sixth grader then. His father cried out and or return in order to refresh my awareness believed in. wept aloud while moving away from his that I live in the hand of God while being If not having become ill, wife and taking his son's hand. This boy on the edge of the division of life and such divine world would not have lived to tell people about the A-bomb and death. For we all live in such an existen­ been heard of. not only about the ugliness of wars but tial condition in the nuclear age today. As If not having become ill, about the beauty of human nature, too. we look at our living situation, we realize such holy sacred place would not Out of such miserable situations some the development of science and technol­ have been visited. people have decided to make a new start ogy has put us in a dangerous situation, as If not having become ill, in their life. They even say that it has to be at any moment we might be killed by the such a face would not have been made as a start ofa new world for human­ explosive power of science and technol­ gazed at. ity.... ogy. Economic competition has put us in Oh! Unless having become ill, For me, my A-bomb experience seems such a situation as we might be treating I would not have been able to become to be something given to me from which I other human beings as tools and slaves a human. am expected to draw meaning and power without being able to treat others as per­ to live in such a way as to be an instru­ sons who are as important and precious as In our lives we have sorrows to face, ment ofGod or to show the glory of God. we ourselves are. And the end of these and they come without our comprehen­ I do not think I have found all of the trends leads us to wars and annihilation of sion why they should come in our par­ humankind. We should have fully real­ ticular place, particular time, and to a ized that we are forced by these condi­ particular person like you or me. Sorrow is tions to be aware of the necessity ofdeter­ Sorrow, however, is good medicine medicine for the mining our decisive attitude to choose life for the soul. Those who do not drink from good rather than destruction even at the sacri­ the cup of sorrow will never understand soul. Those who do not fice of our easy ways of getting more the significance of our life. Because of material abundance, more convenience, being in adverse situations, one can come drink from the cup of and the superficial pride of being better to understand the importance of kindness than others in worldly life. to others. Having adverse, unfavorable sorrow will never I happened to find myself in the his­ experiences, one can come to know the torical event of the explosion of the A­ truth which one will never be able to understand the bomb. A Japanese philosopher whom I know through academic study or by com­ know well is advocating his idea that the mon sense. One gains the power of cour­ significance calendar year should start from 1945, age to overcome the adverse situation of our life. when the nuclear age started, because it is and deepens the understanding of others so significant for human conditions in the who are in adverse situations. . . . 0

FRIENDS JOURNAL August 1995 9 Testimonies of Survivors utumn days end early, as persim­ the Atom Bomb that changed my life, it is lbelhing mons become ripe and heads of a lie. The lapse of time has eroded that A Japanese pampas grass come out. horror and grudge. Towards evening outside my house, I wait My mother and I were struck by the Which Should for my husband and daughter coming bomb at a distance of one mile from the back. When I see him striding along the explosion center and we both have spe­ Never Be road in the paddyfield or walking through cial victim certificates. We have many the waves ofpampas grass, and our daugh­ bomb sufferers among our relatives, but ter with a tennis racket and school bag no one was killed. Our life changed on Repeated laughing with her friends, I can't help that day but we are healthy now. In thinking that this is peace. Despite the Hiroshima, there are many people who hazards of modem life, we have the plea­ have suffered incomparably more than I. n August 6, 1945, I was at home sure ofawaiting our family members who I have stopped thinking of myself as un­ on holiday. I was a student worker went out in the morning. I believe such an happy. But this is different from the grudge 0 just transferred from Tokyo ordinary thing is peace. At that time, our against the Atom Bomb, which should Kogyo, where they manufactured guns, parents awaited their children, their wives, never be forgotten. to the Second General Army Headquar­ and their husbands only in vain. During ters Secret Code Team. After breakfast I those days, we parted from our friends y daughter read a certain book picked Soseki Natsume's work, promising to meet the next day, and it was when she was in grade five or "Kusamakura," out of my bookshelf and an eternal parting. At that time, we could M six and began to think about went out to the verandah. Just at that not think of the pleasure of waiting for a war. It is a story about how individuals in moment, the garden turned bright with person. I saw with my own eyes the mis­ different countries can be friendly and abnormal white and I was covered with ery of the Atom Bomb which is nothing there are not feelings of fighting and kill­ wall mud, ceiling panels, and pieces of but hell itself. After about one year I ing, but they begin to fight when involved broken glass, and I was screaming returned to school, and one day I wept to in the isms of nations. The words "I am "Mother," clinging to the verandah pole. hear my friend read aloud "Kusamakura" neither Japanese nor Ainu. I am a hu­ It was at that moment on August 6 that in a Japanese literature class. I wept to man," by the character at the end of the my life changed its course. Even now, fmd myself a girl who remembered the story seems to have impressed her. Then after 27 years' lapse of time, I still re­ ashes ofAugust 6th, gave up her dream of she began to ask questions about the war member the noise of the wall falling. It entering college, and thought of how to and the A-bomb. She collected news items was the sound of my girlish dream and earn her daily bread. But if I say that I and wrote a report. I consider it the par­ sentiment receding like the ebb tide. I have never forgotten that hell-like picture ents' duty, especially those with A-bomb grew up to be a woman without the tide and have continued to curse the war and experiences, to talk to their children about flowing back again. Among the many things that have happened since then, noth­ ing is so vivid as that fatal moment. My father had died of disease when I was two, so only the two of us remained in my family, my mother and myself. We were bleeding a little on the face from the broken glass but had no other injury. We decided to escape with our neighbors. We walked, wondering, "What happened? Were bombs dropped on our houses? No, no." In about halfan hour we came to the bank near Chozyuen park, Hakushima. There I saw men literally like rags, and lumps ofpeople. Their skin, which was peeled off from the shoulder, This sculpture was hanging down from the tips of their In Hiroshima fingers, and one body was almost bare-­ commemorates was it a human being or an animal? When mothers and I saw that it was a man, something ran children who down my spine and I closed my eyes. I were victims shuddered and trembled. I kept looking of the down, clinging to Mother's hands, and bombing. we began to walk in crowds into the suburbs.

10 the war and the bomb. Peace campaigns man beings who were tugged along float­ married to a kind and understanding hus­ are important, of course, but I feel it is ing in rivers, thrown on wood and burned. band." As to war and nuclear weapons, more important for parents to relate their I, with a slight injury, was human, and each person has his own opinion, but this experiences directly to their children. By they were human, too. People who are should be agreed to by every person­ doing so I want us to reflect on ourselves, now dressed up in top fashion with long "Hiroshima" should never be repeated, flourishing in material goods but perish­ skirts are human, and people who were never be forgotten. ing in spirit, and on our way of life which buried with no one to look after them in - Junko Fujimoto has resulted from the present prosperous Ninoshima were human, too. (in grade nine at that time) atmosphere of Japan and the conceit of I say to my daughter, "You are a sec­ Reprinted from Summer Cloud: A-bomb Ex­ scientific progress. ond generation A-bomb sufferer, but take perience of a Girls' School in Hiroshima, Living human beings who, 27 years pride in your present health and live with Hiroshima Jogakuin High School, English ago, were no better than rags. Dead hu- confidence. Look at your mother who is edition copyright by San-Yu-Sha, 1976.

I Will Never journey back to Nagasaki to join my com­ panions living in the ruins. Nagasaki More than 20 years have gone by and I am now over 60 years of age. I work as a door-to-door salesman and live in Nishi­ Tategami-machi in Nagasaki, the city that will forever be a place of tearful memo­ ries for me. I vowed to my dead wife and children that I would never leave Nagasaki, even ifl had to live ·by being a beggar. I believed that in this way I could expiate the guilt I felt about having brought them to Nagasaki before the explosion, and also that it was the best way for me to pray for the repose of their souls. I often climb the steps up to the hill where the Peace Statue now stands. I say a prayer before the statue and sit down on a bench to contemplate. I learned in the passing years that there is a front and a back to everything in the world. However remotely, I was able to sense the exist­ ence of God and to receive what perhaps could be called His compassion. War Nuclear weapons The sins of humanity. .. ~ ·To all the people who died Statues at ~ And now sleep eternally, Urakaml !u To my wife and children, Cathedral In ~ I vow that I will strive to create Nagasaki, .5- A world without war, with damage ~ And that I will make the voice ofNagasaki from ~ Echo throughout the world. bombing Pl!.<.; -.: "If a grain of wheat falls into the ground en days [after the bombing], car­ the village seemed like a bizarre and does not die, rying the aluminum box that con­ otherworld. Had there really been a war? It remains alone ..." tained the ashes of my wife and What a difference between these un­ I continue to live my life T the unending quest for baby, I returned to my hometown of marred villages and the demolished city In Daizenji Village near Kururne city in of Nagasaki! There was no one in the Peace and happiness in the world. Kukuoka Prefecture, and took up lodging village who, like me, was burdened with in my older brother's house. We per­ the spirits offour dead family members. I -Tsuneo Tomimatsu formed a simple funeral ceremony for my felt like a member of a different race of (November 15, 1971) wife and three children, and my brother's humanity. Reprinted from Testimonies of the Atomic family did everything they could to com­ With a backpack full of clothing I re­ Bomb Survivors: A Record of the Devasta­ fort me, but the peaceful atmosphere of ceived from my brother, I started on the tion of Nagasaki, City ofNagasaki, 1985. 11 FRIENDS JOURNAL August 1995 Dropping the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, they say, was America's merciful gift. America, It injected its own people with plutonium, to experiment; its ABCC Land of stripped the hibakusha of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, took samples of their urine and blood Mercy and collected data, preparing for nuclear war. When hibakusha died, ABCC staff by Sadako Kurihara appeared at hospitals and homes and, like vultures, carried off the corpses. The Enola Gay was the airplane used They preserved keloids and intestines in alcohol to drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima. and sent the glass bottles off to America. Even today, fifty years later, In her statement ofSeptember 19, 1994, many die of cancer in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. calling on the Smithsonian to revise further its proposed Enola Gay exhibit, If dropping the atomic bombs was merciful, Senator Nancy Landon Kassebaum then the Imperial Army's Nanjing slaughter of two hundred thousand (R-Kansas) said, "The role ofthe Enola and the Nazis' gassing of six million Gay was momentous in helping bring must have been merciful, too. World War II to a merciful close, saving Along the way to the Nazi concentration camps, they say, both American and Japanese lives. " stood signs saying, The ABCC, or Atomic Bomb ·This way to comfort.· Casualty Commission, conducted medical research on hibakusha but America became the guardian god of justice and democracy, offered no medical treatment. established bases all over the world, Hermann Hagedorn (1882- 1964) and firms up its preparations was author ofThe Bomb That Fell on to drop merciful bombs America (1946). at any moment, anywhere. In Korea, in Vietnam, in the Persian Gulf, in Mozambique, it dropped merciful bombs; in Mozambique, it bombed a hospital and, the butt of world criticism, pulled out. America, guardian god of justice and democracy, even used the alias of the United Nations to drop merciful bombs on regional conflicts, ethnic conflicts.

The Air and Space Museum at the Smithsonian is the sanctuary of the sacred nuke. The godhead is the Enola Gay, and on the fiftieth anniversary of the bomb the Smithsonian unveils the merciful godhead and displays ostentatiously, as wonder-working proofs, the effects of Hiroshima and Nagasaki hibakusha who were burned to death like insects.

But the American poet Hermann Hagedorn composed these lines: •It fell, it fell, it fell. It did not vaporize churches and cities, but it pulverized America's conscience. 0 Lord, what hath America wrought?" And we know that even now many Americans Sadako Kurihara is the are sick at heart. most prominent living 0 America- hibakusha writer. Her stop bowing before the evil god of nukes poems speak forcefully and for the sake of a nuclear-free tomorrow about political themes let's all join in shouting, and hibakusha welfare. No more Hiroshimas! No more Nagasakis!

12 August 1995 FRJENDS JOURNAL • AnOverr· ngco SSIOn by Barbara Reynolds derstood and rejected. In other parts of to us about Hiroshima and Nagasaki! We Japan they are even more alone. If they know all about the suffering of war-and nee a year, just before August 6, try to warn the world or ask for special we know, too, what country was respon­ the world remembers Hiroshima understanding and help, everyone unites sible for the atomic bomb! 0 Journalists swann in looking for to silence them. From China: No more Hiroshimas! Let reassuring stories or for accounts of con­ From their own countrymen: Stop us destroy the Enemies of Peace (even if tinuing despair, depending on their indi­ whining! Are you beggars that you show vidual or ideological bias. Political peace scars, asking for sympathy and cash? Was (Continued on page 14) groups descend to hold militant meetings Hiroshima any worse than hundreds of in front of the Memorial to the Dead. other Japanese cities that were destroyed Hundreds of tourists come. by fire raids? They are not still bringing The rest of the year, the hibakusha are up the past! a group apart. In their own cities, From Europe: More people were Hiroshima and Nagasaki, they are misun- burned to death in Dresden than in At the time ofh er death, Feb. 11, 1990, Bar­ Hiroshima. And what about the extermi­ bara Reynolds was a member ofFirst Friends nation camps- Auschwitz and Dachau Church of Long Beach, Calif Her writings and Sachsenhausen and the rest? included All in the Same Boat, as well as From Russia: Do not forget Leningrad children 's books, and essays andp oems about and Volgograd! Russia lost 20 million peace concerns. people in the war. You do not have to talk Honorary Citizens of Hiroshima

f the handful of people given band, Earle, worked as a scientist with lege, which named the collection the honorary Hiroshima citizenship, the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commis­ Hiroshima/Nagasaki Peace Resource 0 two are Friends: Floyd Schmoe sion, studying the effects of radiation on Center. It is the largest repository of and Barbara Reynolds. Their stories de­ children. After sailing into the Pacific materials on the atomic bombings in serve retelling. Ocean nuclear testing zone in 1958 to this country. In 1977, Barbara In August 1949, Floyd first visited protest against nuclear arms develop­ Reynolds was declared a "national Hiroshima with the intention ofbuilding ment, Barbara returned to Hiroshima living treasure" by Japan, the only houses for atomic survivors. However, In 1962 and 1964 she traveled with foreigner to receive this honor. Bar­ numerous hurdles had to be overcome hibakusha through the United States and bara Reynolds died in 1990. before permission was granted. Authori­ Europe, helping them communicate their For their tangible, explicit work in ties from the United States told him he messages. In 1965, Barbara and Japa­ support of hibakusha, Hiroshima needed to work through established re­ nese friends founded the World Friend­ awarded honorary citizenship to both lief agencies. Without U.S. government ship Center, a peace center, in Friends. D permission, he would not be able to get Hiroshima. In 1975 Barbara donated space on any ship bound for Asia. So, he her entire library to Wilmington Col- -Lynne Shivers traveled with a herd of goats as a shep­ herd and milkman! Once in Tokyo, he Above: got permission from the U.S. Occupa­ Barba ra tion government to build houses, but in Reynolds Hiroshima, authorities asked him to build a library. When he learned that the books Left: Floyd to be stocked there would be in English Schmoe, at only, he refused. He finally was given left In photo, permission to build four houses as part works with ofa larger city housing program. He and a team other volunteers carne for the next three ., building summers and eventually built a total of 1 houses in 21 houses. Floyd is a member ofUniver- ~ Hiroshima. sity Meeting, Seattle, Wash. .Q Barbara Reynolds and her family first ~ moved to Japan in 1951 when her bus- ~

FRIENDS JoURNAL August 1995 13 we have to use nuclear weapons to do it!). as individual human beings in need. And and distrust add up to forgiveness and a From the United States: What about countries on both sides of the Cold War, passionate concern for others? The sum Pearl Harbor? Do not forget who placing their faith in pre-Nuclear Age is not only greater than its parts; it is of a started it! military solutions, which have failed so completely different quality! A chorus of excited voices reject the disastrously·in the past, have continued to The only explanation is that, some­ hibakusha's concern or try to drown it out manufacture and stockpile nuclear weap­ how, through their descent into the cru­ with hatreds of their own. All of them, ons two or three thousand times as de­ cible of agony, the hibakusha as a group interpreting from their own human, na­ structive as those that destroyed have emerged with a compassion that tional, or ideological bias, ignore the ac­ Hiroshima and Nagasaki. cannot be explained by human reason or tual content of the hibakusha's appeal: The hibakusha, it would seem, have logic. They have been touched by a con­ "We do not want anyone else in the world little reason to love humanity-and this is cern beyond the imagining of mortal be­ to experience our fate!" why the world is unable to comprehend ings, by a Spirit that loves us and requires No Hatred. No overtones of bitterness their selfless appeal. Indeed, if one talks us to love one another, that forgives us or accusation, no attempt to place blame, to individual hibakusha, one often finds and expects us to forgive each other.... no desire for revenge. Just an overriding very human reactions indeed. Many are I have seen human beings everywhere compassion, a concern for all humankind. filled with bitterness, envy,jealousy, sus­ respond to this message with newly awak­ But why? picion, or hate. And yet, year after year, ened hope and dedication, although the Why should the Hibakusha want to there is the incontrovertible fact of their hibakusha themselves were not aware of save humanity? What has humanity done composite testimony. Not only in the of­ the Power behind their appeal! for them? ficial documents of Hiroshima and Through them, the Spirit speaks-and Their own people have rejected them, Nagasaki, but in huridreds of personal there is something in the hearts of human made political capital of their tragedy, messages they keep sending to the world, beings everywhere that responds. l:l evicted them from their bombed out land, there is the recurring theme of concern profited from tourism to their city (with­ for all humankind. This article is condensed from a manu­ out any attempt to share the profits), It does not make sense! How can suf­ script entitled "Hiroshima, CityofHope," scoffed at their fears and their claims of fering and betrayal, bitterness, suspicion previously published in the World Friend­ suffering from the effects of radiation and rivalry, jealousy and hate and envy ship Center newsletter. -Eds (which the Japanese call "ashes of death~')-and then turned right around and discriminated against them in jobs and marriage arrangements because of the Once more, upon these graves health and genetic risks inherent in hav­ Hiroshima Day, without a corpse, ing been exposed to the atomic bomb. where grass now grows People of other countries have used 1990 and folding chairs in rows­ Hiroshima as a symbol but have done we sit respectfully little to understand or help the survivors, at break of day and try to fan the flames away. Only cicadas scream and clouds of smoke rise as our foes' housewives and children rose; rising, too, memories threaten to choke, such leveled dreams as they evoke. She did not bum with them but she was here- her ghost with theirs this cemetery shares and all their horror, thirst and agony with my new grief explodes in me. - Jessica Reynolds Shaver

Jessica Reynolds Shaver planned to fly with her mother to the 45th Hiroshima Day observance, but Barbara Reynolds died unexpectedly, at the age of 74, before she could make the trip. Jessica Shaver now lives in Long Beach, Calif.

14 August 1995 FRIENDS JOURNAL by Gordon Browne

he Bomb fell on Hiroshima on my T22nd birthday. I was a counselor that summer at the Farm & Wilderness Camps in Vermont, where the directors, Ken and Susan Webb, were providing my first experience with Quakers. Late in 1943, I had been honor­ ably discharged from the U.S. Army with a physical disability. I had gone back to college, one of the first returning veter­ ans, had graduated in June 1945, was to be married in late August 1945, and was then to take my bride off to Illinois where and Kenya. The "Bullet Train" from To­ dren, aged 13 to 15, like the junior high a j9b teaching students ofjunior high age kyo rushed through busy cities, past children I had once taught, were working awaited me. The announcement ofa new, wooded hills, beside shining green rice with more than 400 teachers in Hiroshima bigger bomb touched me only with the fields. As we approached Hiroshima, I that summer on jobs that the men absent hope that the war might end soon. saw that it lay in a bowl surrounded by at war would ordinarily have done. Some For seven years, the U.S. military main­ hills. In my imagination, I saw the cloud worked at the telephone exchange, some tained strict censorship of information offtre over it, contained and concentrated at the libraries. Most were helping to clear about the A-Bomb, both in the United within that bowl. That topography was fire lanes against the expected ftre bomb­ States and Japan. During those seven one reason Hiroshima was chosen as a ing. Early that August morning, there had years, my own life went through transfor­ target. been an air raid alert. When an all-clear mation. I became a Friend-and a paci­ We stayed at the World Friendship sounded, most of the children gathered fist. I involved myself with the peace Center and, with Susumu's guidance, we on the river bank to get their day's work work of the Chicago office of the Ameri­ drew as near as we could to the experi­ assignments. When the B-29s came, more can Friends Service Committee. And· I ence of August 6, 1945. Our first morning than 6,000 of those children died. So did read John Hersey's Hiroshima. in Hiroshima, we went by twos and threes their teachers. Their monuments were al­ Then I knew about the Bomb. And in to the Peace Park, wandering past the most buried in paper cranes. an irrational way, I became responsible famous skeletal dome of what had been In the Peace Memorial Museum, there for it. The Bomb and my birthday were the Prefecture Industrial Promotion Hall. was no anti-American sentiment. Most inextricably linked, a guilty link that, as Near it now is the Hiroshima Baseball · photographs of the victims and of the time went on, made birthdays harder and Stadium. devastated city were official U.S. Army harder to celebrate. Often I spent part of The Peace Park, green and tree-shaded, photographs. Nor was horror presented the day in demonstrations commemorat­ lies between two rivers, not far from the for its own sake. The museum simply ing the tragedies of Hiroshima and hypocenter of the Bomb blast. Even the reported what had happened and illus­ Nagasaki-or was burdened with guilt if Memorial Mound, under which an esti­ trated the effects first of heat, then of the I did not. Neither time nor the Cold War mated 70,000, mostly unidentified bodies blast, then of radiation, and finally of the softened those feelings. lie, was grass-covered and lovely. Park fire. Pieces of buildings, bits of clothing, When I learned the 1988 Friends World paths wind past scores of monuments to fragments of tools supplemented the pho­ Committee for Consultation Triennial, Bomb victims: mothers, youths, indus­ tographs and maps. The steps of the bank which my wife Edith and I would attend, trial workers, union members, forced la­ building where an old woman sat, wait­ was to be held in Japan, I knew I must borers from Korea. The monuments were ing for the bank to open, were there. make a pilgrimage to Hiroshima. After draped with rainbow masses of paper Almost directly below the hypocenter, in the Triennial, Susumu Ishitani, present peace cranes, sent by people all over the the explosion her body disappeared into clerk ofTokyo Monthly Meeting, himself world. In 1945, many Bomb victims died atoms, but its outline forever darkens the a Nagasaki survivor and active worker calling for water. The city has built a marble steps like a photographic nega­ for peace, led a group of about a dozen of memorial fountain in the park so that no tive. The story of the 8,000 school chil­ us from Europe, North America, Korea, one need ever thirst there again. dren was told in detail. Retiring clerk of Friends World Committee The monuments to students and teach­ Outside later, overwhelmed by what I for Consultation, Section of the Americas, ers moved me deeply. Hiroshima had not had seen, I wandered alone for many Gordon Browne is a member of Plainfield been bombed before August 6, 1945, but minutes. I came upon the youngest mem­ (Vt.) Meeting. it expected to be. More than 8,000 chil- ber of our group, also walking alone and

FRIENDS JoURNAL August 1995 15 sobbing. I said to her, "Your generation is he traveled with them and worked with heat and hurt must be focused on her, but, like the young Germans. You are not the U.S. doctors on their treatment. His as she slowly regained consciousness, responsible for what your parents did, but book, Hiroshima Surgeon, describes his wedged between two huge pieces ofstone , you must never forget it." She nodded, service as a Japanese army doctor in unable to move, she could hear the cries still weeping. China, his revulsion at the cruelties he and calls for help all around her. Incred­ Later, our group assembled in the saw his own people commit there, his ibly, it was her own, frantically searching Hiroshima Peace Culture Foundation, shocked return to his devastated home - mother who found her, who pulled her where Helen Yokoyama, an American of city, and his determination thereafter to free and led her into the throng trying to Japanese descent, spoke with us about the work for peace and healing everywhere. I cross the river. Her mother did not tell her "Hiroshima Maidens," the 25 scarred and bought his book and asked him to in­ that her face was swollen, peppered with disfigured young women who had been scribe it for me. glass fragments, and dripping skin. When brought to the United States for plastic Susumu Ishitani had arranged other a school friend in the crowd did not rec­ surgery in 1955. Helen had been their meetings and exhibits for us. For me, ognize her, however, she knew. house mother and chaperone. Most of the meeting Michiko Yamaoka, a Hiroshima Michiko was one of "the walking 25 were survivors from among the 8,000 Maiden, was climactic. ghosts," the wretchedly burned who school children I was already mourning. On the day the Bomb fell, Michiko shuffled along, holding their hands with During the first weeks, waiting for the was a 15-year-old school girl, working in bent wrists out in front of them because schedule oftheir surgery, they had stayed the Hiroshima Telephone Exchange. She great shreds ofskin were flowing off their at Pendle Hill. Helen recalled how 25 was walking to work that morning when hands and arms. She expected to die but young women, too ashamed even to go she heard the planes overhead and looked did not. As she recovered, however, she outdoors at home, had met love and ac­ up, shielding her eyes with her hands. could not move her fmgers, and her hands, ceptance there. Later, between their mul­ The Bomb exploded some 500 meters arms, and face were hideously scarred. tiple operations, many stayed in Quaker above the ground. All the exposed skin For seven years, the Occupation Forces homes. on her face and hands was instantly burned put a press ban on any discussion of the Early that evening, after a deep meet­ off. The blast threw her, unconscious, results of the Bomb or the plight of the ing for worship, we were joined by Tomin through the air. At first, she felt all the victims. The Japanese government did Harada, the doctor who opened the first nothing for them. surgical hospital in the ruins ofHiroshima, When the 25 Maidens were se­ where he specialized in reconstructive lected to go to the States for treat­ surgery for Bomb victims. At the invitation ment, Japanese communists told of Norman Cousins, who had organized them they would be killed there. the U.S. visit of the Hiroshima Maidens, Instead, the Quakers met them, cared

Mlchlko Yamaoka with Susumu lshltanl at the I Abhor War World Friendship Center, by Michiko Yamaoka Hiroshima of our group stayed with as t 8:15a.m. on August 6, 1945, an many as ten host families, and atomic bomb in a single instant not so made many wonderful new only completely destroyed the friends. city of Hiroshima, reducing it to ashes, I abhor war because it truly de­ I led a quiet existence after that, but also took away the precious lives of stroys humankind, transforming human living with my mother until she passed more than 210,000 people of all ages, kindness, sympathy, peace, and love away 16 years ago. Since then I have including little children. into an unthinking, devilish power. I been actively speaking out about the Many who barely managed to survive declare that I absolutely cannot accept awful experience of Hiroshima and suffered in a living hell with afflictions a "peace" built upon the sacrifice of Nagasaki, in order that peace may pre­ such as terrible burns and injuries from individual human beings. vail and such terrible things will never flying bits of glass or from being pinned I came to the United States in May happen again. I have been speaking under buildings. The area under the ex­ of 1955 as one of the 25 Hiroshima out for the elimination of all nuclear plosion was filled with people gasping, Maidens, thanks to the efforts of the weapons, in order that children and all "Water! Water!" late Reverend Tanimoto, Dr. Norman people may live peacefully in the 21st I suffered the pains of burns and of Cousins, and ofkind U.S. Friends. We century. growing up in a world of tears as a result stayed at Pendle Hill, in Wallingford, I firmly believe that I must con­ of constant confrontation with the dark Pa., and then were taken in groups of tinue, as long as I live, to raise my face of death. two or three into Quaker homes as single voice to declare to as many Michiko Yamaoka, a Hiroshima hibakusha, members of the family-we were ac­ people as I can the horror of war and was one of the 25 Hiroshima Maidens who cepted like daughters-and returned the preciousness of human life. underwent surgery at New York City's Mt. joyfully to Japan a year and a halflater Sinai Hospital in 1955-56. She recently be­ with warm memories of our mothers (trans. by Kitty Mizuno, a member of came a member ofJapan Yearly Meeting. and fathers in the United States. Some Moorestown [N.J.] Meeting)

16 August 1995 FRIENDS JoURNAL for them, and gave them confidence. Michiko A group of Hiroshima was in the United States for a year and a half Maidens retuming to Japan and learned dressmaking so that she could support herself at home. She had wished and remembered nothing of it. I never to speak about her experience, but, had a web of tubes attached to when her mother died of radiation-in­ me. In one of my lucid moments, duced cancer in 1980, she decided she t: my friend the night nurse told must tell about the A-Bomb, so that it j me, "The O.R. nurse said it was would never be used again. So she spoke -..; the worst appendix she ever saw. with us. :x: Already gangrenous! Your whole In my journal, as our time in Hiroshima body could be filled with infec­ ended, I fmd I wrote: patient trying to comfort the professional. tion. Dr. Tanaka is loading you with anti­ It [Hiroshima] has touched so many different But it helped me not to think about my biotics." parts of my life that it will take me a long time belly. And she and I became friends. Edith sat with me while I dozed. Then, to integrate it. The endurance of love and When Dr. Kazama came in the next one day I was better, so much so that I compassion in the midst of the hell that was morning, he introduced the older man refused the painkillers, and my head the blast has been one of the most impressive with him as Dr. Tanaka, a surgeon. A cleared. I sat up and watched television. things to me. The human spirit has resources calm, quiet man, Dr. Tanaka examined Edith and I walked up and down the hos­ of goodness we don't even suspect, just as it me, apologizing when his probes of my pital corridor, pushing my 1-V equipment has capacities ofevil that are beyond ordinary abdomen brought gasps from me. beside us. I resumed my reading ofTomin imagination. "The symptoms aren't just right," he Harada's book, Hiroshima Surgeon. Edith and I had arranged to visit friends said. "But the pain is now more localized. The book was on my bedside table in Hawaii on our way home and were I think I should take your appendix out." when Dr. Tanaka came in that afternoon. grateful for the relaxed change of pace He smiled. "I may be mistaken. About He looked at it curiously, picked it up. when we got there. There were beaches one appendix in ten I take proves to be "What is this?" he asked. and walks and swims and quiet meals to healthy. Still, I think I should do it." I told him about Dr. Harada. be enjoyed and time to absorb what we His candor won my confidence imme­ "I grew up in Hiroshima," he said. "I had just experienced. diately. "Do it!" I said. go back every year to visit my mother. Early on our third morning in Hawaii, The next few days had a hazy night­ She still lives there." however, I awoke sick. My entire abdo... mare quality. I was in pain or groggy with I studied him, guessing his age. My men seemed bursting with pain. A walk­ drugs. I slept, woke, talked to Edith and heart pounding, I said, "You were under in clinic referred me to Rodney Kazama, the nurses, to my children who telephoned, the Bomb!" a pleasant, young gastroenterologist. He was not sure what I had. It looked most like appendicitis, but my age and many symptoms were not right. He ordered tests and x-rays and put me on a liquid diet. At the Mound Late in the afternoon, when I ran a low Inside are placed the ashes of grade fever, he put me in the small, local tens of thousands of atomic bomb hospital for observation. victims. Most are unidentified. There were three rooms together, op­ posite the nurses' station. During the Crowds of school kids evening, another man was put in the room next to mine. His painful breathing was all in blue uniforms audible in my room. When his breathing under the cawing of crows stopped, there was a sudden rush of hos­ pital personnel and the rattle ofthe emer­ bow their heads. gency resuscitation cart. He did not re­ They have no names vive. When the night nurse, a plump, pleasant woman with graying blond hair, and I have no name. checked on me later, I said, They put their palms together. "I'm sorry you lost him." "You heard all that? We tried to be We offer quiet." silence. Overhead, "It's all right," I said. "I was awake anyway." feathers on black arrows ruffle. She slumped into the bedside chair. - Edward A. Dougherty "He was such a nice man. Cancer. We've treated him for more than three years. He Edward Dougherty is one of the U.S. and his family- we wanted so much for staff at the World Friendship Center in him to get well!" Hiroshima, Japan. Touched by her caring, I encouraged her to talk about him. It was strange, the

FRIENDS JOURNAL August 1995 17 He did not look at me. "Yes," he said. "I was 15 years old." One of the 8,000 children! After a moment, thoughtfully, he went on. "I was two miles from the hypocenter. My 14-year-old sister was closer. When she did not come home, our mother went into the city, searching for her through the fire and the rubble. She found her and brought her home. But my sister died three days later." He leafed through the book, while the silence grew. I could not think what to say. Irrelevantly, I asked if he knew Dr. Harada. He did not. He had never heard of the Hiroshima Maidens. Suddenly all professional, he said I could leave the hospital the next day. He would want to see me in his office the following week. Then I'd be free to fly home. That night, without drugs, I was awake for long stretches. Another patient was brought into the room next to mine, his agonized breathing again signalling a des­ perate fight for life. At some point I slept. When I awoke, I listened for his breath­ ing. There was none. And then an eerie, keening wail arose from the next room. The night nurse came bustling to me. "It's her father," she said. "He died about an hour ago. I thought his body would have been picked up before this. The wailing-it's part of their tradition. I'm sorry. I'll ask her to stop." "No," I said. "Don't. She needs to do Individuals in Community that." I lay there, listening to the rising and falling of her grief. At last I came to realize that, in this little hospital, these three rooms were set apart for those who were going to die or those who were in danger of dying. And I, with the guilt of Hiroshima heavy on me for more than 40 years, had lain there for a week while one of those 8,000 children, a Hiroshima sur­ vivor, had fought to save my life. As I lay in the dark, letting the keening next door wash over me, penetrate my pores, testify to all I could ever know of love and mortality and humanness, some­ thing ancient and blind in me was healed. On my last visit to Dr. Tanaka before I came home, I presented him with my ASCHOOL IN THE PROGRESSIVE TRADmON, TH,.E CAMBIIDGE ScHOOL OF Wm"ON OFFEIS HIGHLY fERSOIIAl.JZED, THOUGHTRJL inscribed copy of Hiroshima Surgeon. COLLEGE /REPARATION FOR INTB.LECTIJAJ.L YCURIOUS YOUNG PEOI'LE; AN ETHICAL SCHOOL COMMUNITY BASED ON DEEP He accepted the gift and my overflowing MUTUAL TIUST AND RESI'ECT; A/'lACE WHERE iNTEGRITY AND DIVERSITY ARE APPRECIATED; AND AN APPROACH WHICH thanks courteously. I urged him to meet 1'1Aa5 AS MUCH EMPHASIS ON ASKING THE liGHT QUESTIONS AS ON GIVING THE RIGHT ANSWERS. Dr. Harada. He was noncommittal. It did not matter. By then, I knew that, some­ (OEDUCAOONAJ. BOARDING AND DAY, GRADES 9-12 AND PG. CALL (617} 642-8650. how, he and I and Dr. Harada and the night nurse and the keening daughter and Michiko and her mother and Susumu and The Cambridge School of Weston • 1886 all the others- all were one in the great mystery. 0

18 August 1995 FRIENDS JoURNAL Forum (Continued from page 5)

defense only. This compromise is realistic, we often seek the silence in the pace of the manner of continuing. because few people will work as wholly peacemaking. Out of my inexperience, I see These and other added considerations unarmed police officers in an armed and pacifism to be the context and peacemaking would expand the list to eliminate most wars dangerous world. The self-defense limitation the process/product. However, in our world as we have known them. The result would I describe is similar to the traditional UN of commerce, we respect to some degree the be an enlarged version of what we normally peacekeeper position. police and the military. There are times accept in our daily lives as policing. And the I question whether even a realistic when the "Iessing of tension," which law basic purpose would be limited to the only .. religious pacifism can support global police can provide, enables dialogue to start. moral justification for coercion ofany kind, who use military power for other than their The purpose ofjustice is balancing the whether physical, psychological, or spiritual: immediate personal self-defense. Such conflicting claims of rights, wrongs, namely, the kind needed (and the extent support would, it seems to me, necessarily responsibilities, and negligence. And it is needed) in order to prevent or remedy endorse slippery-slope "Niebuhrian" balancing them in a real world of injustice in ways that have the approval of morality: that it's sometimes OK to kill inadequacies and shortages, of community our Inward Lights. Thus, the purpose that some people to achieve some kinds of limitations and time demands, of people historically has characterized war, that of justice. This is not much of a pacifism, in who don't hear and who don't want to hear, power-grabbing, and which has given the usual sense of the word. Yet, is this sort of people who delight to use force and who modem war its morally outrageous of morality also inherent in our supporting do use force. The dialogue of peace is the character, would be guarded against. local and national police? These are difficult best context of hearing and implementing My conclusion is, therefore, that we questions. justice/fairness. Quakers have been urgently need a list of considerations to be As an idea and in daily practice, so­ instrumental in the Alternatives to Violence taken into account in deciding whether this called absolutist pacifism will always, as it project, Fellowship of Reconciliation, and or that police action is morally justified­ should, have a very hard time facing the other programs of mediation and facilitation. not only for the global scene, but for the pressing, daily, omnipresent demands of I trust many among us will be absolute local one. Most local police forces do have "justice." I remember a sermon by Berea pacifists. I trust many will act on principles some such list. We need to evaluate them College President Willis Weatherford in ofjustice/fairness . I trust most of us will and use them as a basis for identifying which he described the tension between love continually practice and enhance skills of considerations in determining what and justice as the most difficult issue raised - peacemaking. constitutes just police actions at all levels, by the teachings of Jesus. People who face Michael Moore local to global. Insofar as we do so, we will this tension, and who attempt to discern and Poulsbo, Wash. be in position to reject actions on solid adhere to the dictates of the pacifist ideal, grounds rather than on the basis of an often try to help achieve justice through the I agree with Lincoln Moses that the absolutist principle that permits us to evade power of love-including charity, criteria generally laid down for determining the soul-searching, moral-dilemma process nonviolent action, forgiveness, self-sacrifice, a ·~ust war" are difficult to evaluate in a that Friends have been leaders in perfecting and redemption-"other choices." concrete situation; and, I would add, in so many other areas. TomRodd especially difficult to balance against any Alfred F. Andersen Moatsville, W.Va. just war theory as such, because such Eugene, Oreg. difficulty is characteristic of all moral I offer here my distinction between the dilemmas. And it is precisely for this reason Friend AI Andersen reminds us that words peacemaking, pacifiSt, and justice. that absolutes are out of place in moral difficulty should not deter us from working The purpose of peacemaking is dialogue dilemmas of all kinds, and that the hard to resolve moral dilemmas. True. But between individuals so the inward light of continuing revelations offered by Inward that does not, in my mind, rehabilitate just each is revealed and seen and the still small Light are of crucial importance in providing war theory, which I believe reaches beyond voice is spoken and heard. ln other words, us with that intuitive overall balance needed mere difficulty to actual impossibility of we are striving after quality relationships or in resolving them. valid application. Several of the criteria friendships. Martin Buber spoke of the II The requirements for a just war listed by require knowing the opponent's intentions­ Thou relationship. Jesus spoke ofhearing Friend Moses are presumably meant to be not just estimating them. Several require the stranger and enemy, not just one's own what I call "considerations." No one is recourse to forecasts about future events. A companions. Paul writes of God breaking meant to be determining, and no one is "theory" that relies on such elements is not down the wall of animosity. meant to be eliminating. They presumably really a theory. Peacemaking is the sole focus of our have been listed as reminders of what Friend Andersen likes to think of the meetings for worship, business, memorials, morally must be taken into consideration in criteria as "considerations." I agree. But the clearness, and celebration. It is our means arriving at a final decision. doctrine being discussed tries to define and our end, our process and our product. It But if I were to list such just war "why and when recourse to war is is our work and our worship. Our seasoning considerations, I would put at the top of the permissible." It is indeed an attempt at a process for budget, for membership, for list one that isn't even mentioned by Moses: theory-and I believe it fails. Nor am I education, for oversight, and for counsel is namely, no conscription. In fact, for me attracted to efforts to patch up this thousand­ the process of listening and speaking. such would be a near absolute! Secondly, I year-old edifice by disavowing conscription, There is a price to pay for peacemaking, would add the right of conscientious allowing for conscientious objection, etc. I as the Greek word for witness is martyr. The objection at any point along the line (even of course favor these, but they can stand on process of peace is a difficult one. It is best for gung ho volunteers), short of putting the their own. Just war theory deserves to undertaken in an atmosphere without f lives of others in danger by "objecting" at disappear, for it pretends to something it compulsion, or even the threat of violence. some irresponsible juncture. I would also cannot deliver-identification of ·~ust" Thus we come to the word pacifist. The add something about decision-making wars. peacemaker must be free ofcompulsion or process, not only regarding whether or not to Lincoln E. Moses coercion, free of compelling another to begin a coercive action, but also as regards Portola Valley, Calif. follow even the peacemaker's agenda. Thus continuing at every step along the way, and FRIENDS JoURNAL August 1995 19 AFSC Notes A Living History

Newtown, PA 18940 by Maia Carter

hinking back on my visit to the , Nagasaki Peace Museum still brings T tears to my eyes and causes my chest to constrict. I can see the image before my eyes ofSumiteru Taniguchi's back, and I can see his tortured face before us as, 50 years later, he relates the problems he still has from the massive injuries he sustained August 9, 1945, when the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan. I am one of the lucky ones. I have had the privilege of meeting hibakusha (atomic bomb survivors) and hearing their stories. Very few Founded in 1893 by the Society of Friends, George School is a co­ educational boarding and day school for students in grades 9-12. hibakusha are interested in sharing their expe­ riences, and many survivors of the atomic The college preparatory curriculum emphasizes Friends values and includes: bombs are unknown to their families and • Courses on 4levels of challenge • International Baccalaureate (IB) friends as hibakusha. • Advanced Placement (AP) • International workcamps For years the hibakusha were discrimi­ • English as a Second Language (ESL) • Required community service nated against. Because of the severe doses of • Foreign study • Required full-year courses in the arts radiation they experienced, they often had • 13 interscholastic sports for boys and girls medical problems or illnesses that forced them For more information, please contact the Admissions Office: 215/579-6547. to miss work. As a result, employers looked down upon A-bomb victims. Because the Japa­ nese government did not feel obligated to assist the hibakusha, they faced many diffi­ culties as medical bills came in and they were unable to find work. The hibakusha also had difficulties finding spouses, since people were afraid of having abnormal children as a result of radiation from the bomb. I spent three weeks last summer visiting Japan as part of a youth delegation sponsored by the American Friends Service Committee. The study group, consisting of 16 ethnically, culturally, and socio-economically diverse teenagers from across the United States and Puerto Rico, traveled with four leaders to Tokyo, Nagasaki, Hiroshima, and Kyoto. Throughout our visit we went to workshops, spoke with hibakusha, and took tours that enabled us to further examine current social issues of Japan, including nuclear disarma­ ment and gender and race concerns. My expe­ riences in Japan and my contact with both hibakusha and Japanese born after World War II, although informational in nature, allow me to be in touch with the personal side of the war. While I was staying in Nagasaki, my host mother, who spoke about as much English as I spoke Japanese, told me that her father had been in the city when the bomb was dropped. He, like many hibakusha, had never spoken

Maia Carter, a member of Durham (N.C.) Meeting, is a freshman at the University of Richmond. Maia 's participation in the AFSC youth delegation to Japan was sponsoered by Durham Meeting.

20 August 1995 FRIENDS JoURNAL BURLINGTON

with her about his experience, both MEETING HOUSE because of the pain of the memories and the stigma attached to being a A Quaker Conference Center survivor. Recently, with the change 340 HIGH STREET in attitude toward the victims, and P.O. BOX 246 with the thought of a time when no BURLINGTON, hibakusha will be left, more survi­ vors have stepped forth to share their NEW JERSEY 08016 stories with others in the hopes of Available for day and overnight use preventing another nuclear bomb from 609-38 7-38 75 being dropped. Although the hibakusha we spoke ALL WELCOME! · with are very concerned with the OPENING CELEBRATION spread of the peace message and feel AUGUST 27, 1995 the need to share their stories, they do Worship 11 am not attend the annual Peace Ceremony Festivities begin at 1 pm in the Hiroshima Peace Park. After attending months after the bomb dropped on Nagasaki. myself, I understand why they have their own I will remember the joy of teaching my host private remembrances. The entire ceremony mother the words to "Amazing Grace," one is a huge, super-organized event. Only "spe­ of the favorite songs of the people we met. I cial" people have places to sit, and the major­ will remember running to the memorial to ity of the program is devoted to long govern­ Sadako, the 13-year-old girl whose story brings Fyfe & Miller ment speeches by various officials who all thousands of paper cranes to Hiroshima, and FUNERAL SERVICE say the same thing. There is a minute of being overwhelmed by the beauty ofthe folded silence at 8: 15 a.m., the time the bomb was birds. 7047 Germantown Ave. dropped, but even during this sacred time I will remember the friends I made, the Philadelphia, PA 19119 people are popping up to take photographs. injustices I saw, and the tears that I cried. (215) 247-8700 My lasting memories of Japan will not be Above all I will remember the phrase re­ James E. Fyfe Edward K. Miller the details of the structure of the bombs or the peated to us by every hibakusha we spoke medical research that has resulted from study with. I will remember, "No tnore Hiroshima, Simple earth burial of the hibakusha. I will remember the pain I no more Nagasaki." 0 and cremation service felt upon hearing the stories of the hibakusha. available at reasonable cost. I will remember forever the image of Mr. (Based on an article originally appearing in Taniguchi's back, and the fact that he was not the Nov. 20, 1994, Greensboro, N.C., News able to get out of bed for a year and nine & Record)

Above: Maia Carter ma.~~lAGE with Alison Lee Satake, from Orinda, Certgicates Calif. DIANE NMROTICO • CI'.U.IGRAPHY & DESIGN 215 I 766-8797 Left: This statue in Nagasaki comes from a tradition that speaks in a language AN INTRODUCTION of gestures. The FOR NEW SUBSCRIBERS hand pointing up reminds the viewer 16 ISSUES OF never to forget the FRIENDS JOURNAL dangers of nuclear weapons. The FOR THE PRICE OF 12 - outstretched hand Only $21. signifies caring for {Ownns sut.sctfb«s Mid $6 ftN po~.J humanity. The folded 1 am 011 new subscriber. Please sign me up for 1 6 Issues for the price of 1 2. leg shows a gesture Q Check enclosed Q Bill me of meditation, while the foot on the ~~------ground is ready to Address: ------spring into action. City/State/Zip:______

Phone: t Return to: FRIENDS JOURNAL 1501 Cherry Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102-1497 Phone: (215)241·7115 • Fu:: (215)568-1377

FRIENDS JOURNAL August 1995 21 News of Friends

New Hampshire and Vermont Friends are were included should the pressure necessary working to oppose legalized gambling in to make them explode be provided by a per­ Come their states. Friends met in Concord, N.H., for son. Also banned were all submunitions de­ the All New Hampshire Gathering on Jan. 21, signed not to explode on first impact. The law to the at the Burlington (Vt.) Meetinghouse on Feb. will apply for a period offive years and can be 19, and in Putney, Vt., for the Northwest renewed by the Council of Ministers. Other Quarter of New England Yearly Meeting on countries supporting total prohibition ofland­ Quaker March 4, and endorsed the following minute: mines include Austria, Cambodia, Colombia, Estonia, Ireland, Malaysia, and Sweden. Coun­ The Religious Society of Friends has long Peace tries supporting a ban on mines without self­ recognized that gambling is fraught with nega­ destruct mechanisms include Australia, Aus­ tive spiritual consequences for both individu­ tria, Ireland, Norway, and Switzerland. (From Roundtable als and society in general. Gambling pro­ Peace Media Service, March 1995) motes a belief that it does not matter how people obtain material resources and that ob­ Nov. 10-12, The proposed use of chain gangs in the taining a disproportionate share of goods for Arizona prison system is drawing a strong oneself is a worthwhile goal. However, ... we response from Friends and other supporters of 1995 do not desire to legislate individual morality. prison reform. On May 13 the Arizona Area We do, however, believe that the state Program of the American Friends Service should not promote or benefit from social Committee released the following statement: evils. We are convinced that casino gambling is not an appropriate way for a state to raise The AFSC Arizona Area Committee de­ revenues. . . . Casino gambling may allow the plores the use of chain gangs as inhuman, state to neglect the development of more eq­ regressive, and abhorrent. Imprisonment is uitable forms of revenue collection and to the legal punishment established for prison­ postpone long-range solutions to problems of ers' crimes. Dehumanizing prisoners will not economic development. In addition, we may contribute to their rehabilitation. (as other states have) experience increased Labor by prisoners is acceptable as long as costs for Jaw enforcement, regulatory sup­ it is humane and adds to the promise of reha­ ports, and social services, as well as non­ bilitation. Chain gangs are not necessary or monetary costs of increased crime and social effective but represent a politically-charged problems that inevitably seem to accompany symbol designated to appeal to desires for greater gambling activity. revenge and discrimination rather than jus­ . . . We encourage the legislature to look tice. for more long-term and more equitable ways Chain gangs, which represent a return to Join John and Diana Lampen to fund state services and create a healthy long-abandoned practices, are punitive, de­ longtime Quaker peace workers economy. grading, and dangerous. For Americans, but particularly African Americans, the chain gang in Northern Ireland and other During New England Yearly Meeting's sends a powerful negative message recalling annual sessions in 1994, a similar minute Quaker thinkers an d activists in slavery and past maltreatment. could not be approved because too many He-Imagining the Friends stood to oppose it and support casino On June 17 the AFSC Arizona Area Com­ Quaker Peace gambling. The subject will be reconsidered mittee joined 25 other community organiza­ Testimony for the when the above minute is presented to NEYM tions in Tucson, Ariz., for a march and protest during its 1995 annual sessions, August 5-I 0. against the chain gang plan. Other prison­ 21st Century related initiatives include an Alternatives to The work of South Africa's Quaker Peace Violence Project in federal and state facilities, Registration Limited Center was recognized at a colorful cer­ a listening project involving Arizona state to fi rst 50 Enrolled . emony on Feb. 25. The day marked the launch legislators' view of the death penalty, and For information write: of the QPC:-initiated Ubuntu Community upcoming speakers addressing prison reform, Mediators program, and included the presen­ prisoner rehabilitation, and juvenile justice. Pendle Hill Issues Program tation of certificates to 35 trainees. QPC and For more information, contact AFSC Arizona 339 Plush Mill Road the mediators were saluted by speakers from Area Program, 931 North Fifth Ave., Tucson, Wallingford, PA 19086 several political and health organizations who AZ 85705, telephone (520) 623-9141. referred to the program as a strong hope for Call: 1 (800) 742-3150 peace that reduces violence, corruption, crimi­ Floyd Schmoe turns 100 this month and or E-mail: [email protected] nality, and the numbers of casualties in hospi­ University (Wash.) Friends Meeting will help tals. For more information on the peace him celebrate on Aug. 6. Floyd extends the center's activities, write to QPC, 3 Rye Road, following invitation: "All friends of the fam­ Mowbray, 7700, Cape Town, South Africa. ily and all Friends of the Meeting are cor­ dially invited to attend my 1OOth Birthday Belgium has become the first NATO coun­ Party, . .. Bring only love (or from those who Pendle Hill try to ban landmines. On March 3 the Bel­ bake-an apple pie... )."(From Gleanings, A QUAKER CENTER gian Parliament unanimously passed legisla­ June 1995) FOR STUDY AND tion to outlaw landmine use, production, pro­ See page 13 for the story of how Floyd CONTEMPLATION curement, sale, and transfer, including com­ first traveled to Hiroshima 46 years ago to ponents, parts, and technology. Antitank mines build houses for survivors of the Bomb.

22 August 1995 FRJENDs JoURNAL Bulletin Board

•The Peace Resource Center, Hiroshima/ paign to Ban Landmines calls for: an interna­ There's Nagasaki Memorial Collection celebrates its tional ban on the use, production, stockpiling, 20th anniversary this month. In 1975 Barbara sale, transfer, and export of antipersonnel Exciting Reynolds formally presented to Wilmington mines; the establishment of an international College her collection of books, films, pho­ fund, administered by the United Nations, to New Quaker tos, and research files relating to the atomic promote and finance mine victims assistance bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. programs and landmine awareness, clearance, It was her desire that these materials would be and eradication programs worldwide; and Theology in widely used so that people would understand countries responsible for the production and what happened in those cities and put their dissemination of antipersonnel mines to con­ New Voices, energies to work to see that nuclear weapons tribute to the international fund. Supporters are abolished. Since that time, the Peace Re­ are encouraged to write to their congressional New Light source Center has steadily increased its col­ representatives, President Clinton, and Boutros lection of A-bomb educational materials. Boutros-Ghali at the United Nations. For in­ Thousands of individuals have seen the col­ formation on the Joint Call to Ban Antiper­ lection, and many thousands more have read sonnel Landmines, contact Joan Gerig at Syn­ books or viewed films that the center helped apses, 1821 W. Cullerton, Chicago, IL 60608. produce. For mor~ information, contact the (From Synapses Messages. Winter 1995) Peace Resource Center, Pyle Center, Wilmington, OH 45177, telephone (513) 382- •Veterans and Friends of Collateral Damage, 5338. a joint effort by the Resource Center for Non­ violence and the Veterans of Foreign Wars •"Feeding the Spirit'' is the theme for the 19th Bill Motto Post 5888, is hoping to raise annual Quaker lesbian conference, Aug. 24- $18,000 for a memorial dedicated to all civil­ 27, at Camp Willowtree in Middletown, N.Y. ians who have died in wars. The sculpture-a The conference is a time for like-minded terrified man, woman, and child-was first women to gather in worship, worship groups, created in 1959. Named "Collateral Damage: workshops, swimming, work, and evening A Reality of War" after the military term for programs. Workshops are lead by conference civilians killed during war, the sculpture is to participants. Attenders interested in leading a be enlarged and cast in bronze for the center­ program should include a title and a brief piece of a park in downtown Santa Cruz, description, based on the conference's theme, Calif. If enough money is raised, a second with their registration. Housing at Camp casting of the sculpture will be presented to Willowtree includes cabins with electricity the Hiroshima Peace Garden in Japan. The and bathrooms, a farmhouse with beds avail­ piece has been the focal point for several able on a first-registered, first-served basis, public events, including a "Gun Tum-In" day, and plenty of space for tents. For more infor­ when more than I 00 weapons were voluntar­ mation, contact Betsy Kantt or Laura Street, ily given up by local citizens. The sculpture is 52 Greenleaf St., Medford, MA 02155, tele­ also controversial. Once offered for display at phone ( 617) 391-0783. the United Nations in New York City, it was William J. Kreidler rejected after the U.S. government insisted it on Alive Mystics & •Are you interested in participating as a civil­ was "contrary to the national interest." For the Peaceable Kingdom ian peacekeeper in a mission with the United more information, contact Veterans and Michele Tarter Nations? Friends with experience in such ar­ Friends of Collateral Damage, 515 Broad­ on Quakerism & Witchcraft eas as conflict resolution, election monitor- . way, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, telephone (408) Douai•Owrn ing, human rights monitoring, policing, etc., 423-1626. (From Reconciliation International, on EarTy Friends & may contact the Quaker United Nations Of­ Apri/1995) the Rise of Capitalism fice regarding the specific places to apply in Georgia Fuller New York City and Geneva, Switzerland. For •The Homer A. Jack Memorial Fund for Ra­ on Naming Emmanuel more information, write to QUNO, 777 UN cial and Social Justice was established in for the 21st Century Plaza, New York, NY 10017. 1993 to assist in the eradication of racism, Diane Coleman classism, and poverty from life in the United on Quaker Theology •The International Campaign to Ban States. The fund seeks to nurture projects, of EcoFeminism Landmines needs support. In 1993 the United particularly in the Chester, Pa., area, that fo­ Herbert Lape States enacted a three-year moratorium on the cus on the building of a non-segregated, eco­ on Recovering Communal export ofantipersonnel mines. That same year nomically just, and egalitarian community. Quaker Discernment the UN General Assembly passed resolutions The fund operates through grants, loans, and calling for a worldwide moratorium on the other assistance to community groups under­ 200 page trade in antipersonnel landmines and the es­ taking specific projects. It welcomes and so­ paperback tablishment ofa voluntary trust fund for mine . licits applications from individuals and orga" $9.95 clearance. This year the UN will convene a nizations-especially for "seed money"-for Review Conference aimed at improving the projects consistent with its general vision, Pendle Hill Landmines Protocol. Currently, many more including but not limited to: assistance to Bookstore • mines are deployed than are removed. It costs projects attempting to combat racism, 1 (800) 742-3150 about 100 times more to remove one mine classism, and the spectrum of poverty-related than to produce it. The International Cam- social ills; assistance to social and political

FRIENDS JOURNAL August 1995 23 ()

refonn projects increasing racial equality, eco­ reserve and a week in the town of Bagaces in nomic and social justice, environmental re­ northwestern Costa Rica. Participants will assist sponsibility, civic hannony, and for studies to with the Monteverde Conservation League's • m~a<;e ce}Las Vegas campus, the event 10-14--Guatemala Yearly Meeting, Amigos de will include speakers, nonviolence training, and a Santi dad, 4a Ave., 2-13 Zona 1, Chiquimula, Guate­ nonviolent action at the Nevada Test Site. Contact mala Contact Edgar Amilcar Madrid M., Apartado 5, Nevada ·Desert Experience, P.O. Box 4487, Las Vegas, NV 89127-0487, telephone (510) 261-1005. Chiquimula, Guatemala, telephone 9-420-362. 11- 20-Central Yearly Meeting, at Central Camp­ 4--Q-"Beyond the Bomb," the Red River Peace ground, Muncie, Ind. Contact Cecil Hinshaw, Rt. 2 Network's 12th annual Pantex Peace Camp, will Box 232, Winchester, IN 47394, telephone (317) commemorate the atomic bombings of Hiroshima 584-1089. and Nagasaki, Japan. The gathering will take place at the Amarillo, Tex., Civic Center, the Peace Farm, 15-2{}-East Africa Yearly Meeting, at Vihiga and the Pantex nuclear weapons plant. The program Friends Church, Vihiga, Kenya. Contact Javan K. is sponsored by the Red River Peace Network and Mirembe, P.O. Box 160, Vihiga, Kenya. Peace Action Texas. For more infonnation, contact 15-20-Qhio Yearly Meeting, at Stillwater Meet­ Mavis Belisle at the Peace Farm, HCR 2 Box 25, inghouse, Barnesville, Ohio. Contact Edward Kirk, Panhandle, TX 79068, telephone (806) 335-1715. OYM, 61830 Sandy Ridge Rd., Barnesville, OH 5-8-Indiana Yearly Meeting, at Indiana Wesleyan 43713, telephone (614) 425-4109. Fundraising Consulting for Educational and Nonprofit University, Marion, Ind. Contact David Brock, 19-26-Canadian Yearly Meeting, at Pickering Organizations 4715 N. Wheeling Ave., Muncie, IN 47304-1222, College, Newmarket, Ont., Canada. Contact Anne telephone (317) 284-6900. Currently serving Midwest, Thomas, 91A Fourth Ave., Ottawa, OntKlS 2LI, Southeast and East Coast 5- 1{}-New England Yearly Meeting, at Bowdoin Canada, telephone (613) 235-8553. clients College, Brunswick, Maine. Contact Katherine Lee 24-28-France Yearly Meeting, in Arbresle, Henry Freeman Consulting Clark, 901 Pleasant St., Worcester, MA 01602, France. Contact Christine Abt, 7 Jolie Vue, Rt. 713 S.W. ISth Street, Richmond, Indiana 47374 telephone (508) 754-6760. de Montaret,F-38580, Allevard, France, telephone 317-983-1578 8-"Peace from the Inside Out," an experiential (76) 975232.

24 August 1995 FRJENDS JOURNAL Books

With Hiroshima Eyes: The real reason, writes Gerson, "had less to do with bringing the war in Asia and the Atomic War, Nuclear Pacific to a close than it did with establishing the rules ofthe game for the Cold War era that Extortion and Moral had already begun." The United States thus forestalled the Soviet Union's influence in the Imagination Far East and established its own hegemony in by Joseph Gerson. New Society Publishers, the region. Philadelphia, Pa., in cooperation with the In the body of the book, Gerson charts his American Friends Service Committee, 1995. way through the daunting nuclear history of The Guest House 203 pages. $16.95/paperback. the last half century, itemizing incidents of Joseph Gerson is program coordinator of nuclear extortion, such as: Truman to the So­ at Knoll Farm the Cambridge, Mass., regional office of the viet Union over Iran, Yugoslavia, Berlin, and Find Peace ofMind and Renewal ofSpirie on a American friends Service Committee and China; Eisenhower to China twice, to Guate­ 150-Acre Organic Farm in ehe Hills ofVermont editor of The Deadly Connection: Nuclear mala, to the Soviet Union, and to Iraq; Scotch Highland cattle, horses, pond, War and US. Intervention. Writing with fer­ Kennedy to the Soviet Union over Berlin and organic gardens, pastures with spectacu­ vor out of deep pain and compassion for in the Cuban missile crisis; Johnson to Sovi­ lar views, a well established guest hibakusha, the Japanese victims of the atomic ets and the North Vietnamese; Nixon to North house. Work in our gardens, hike our bombs over Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Gerson Vietnam and concerning the Middle East; the nature trails, relax in our hanunocks, joins them in calling for the abolition ofnuclear Carter Doctrine of 1980, reaffirmed by Reagan recreate your own spirit with a personal weapons. He has three goals in mind: he in 1981; and Clinton to North Korea. retreat or in fellowship with other describes as best he can what the bombings Seeing with Hiroshima eyes, Gerson is guests. Reasonable rates by day or meant for residents of the cities, and explains shocked by the "madness of policy makers" week. For brochure, write: Ann Day, President Truman's reasons for allowing them; in 1962 over the Cuban missile crisis. U.S. Knoll Farm, Bragg Hill, Waitsfield, VT he strives to correct ignorance and misunder­ "victory" was "achieved at the risk of a ther­ 05673 (802) 496-3939 standings about the nuclear arms race; and he monuclear exchange that could have killed an documents occasions when the United States estimated two hundred million people in its threatened to launch nuclear bombs. AUU.S . first hour, a thousand times the death to11 of presidents from Truman to Clinton, except for Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and at the cost of Ford, delivered nuclear warnings when their dangerously accelerating the nuclear arms supremacy was cha11enged. To Gerson, a threat race." of use is a use of the ultimate weapon, and is It was chilling to read the cold-blooded recognized as such. statements of this nation's leaders who were Gerson attacks the myths first used 50 willing to accept unleashing the horrors of years ago by the Truman administration to atomic bombs and the deadly sickness to fol­ explain why atomic bombs were dropped on low, in order to maintain U.S. imperial power. Hiroshima and Nagasaki: punishment for Japa­ As underlying motive, Gerson quotes George nese aggression and saving a million U.S. Kennan writing a top-secret memo in 1948 military personnel from becoming casualties. while serving as head policy planner for the

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FRIENDS JoURNAL August 1995 25 DELAWARE VALLEY 0: FRIENDS SCHOOL <:s Morris & Montgomery Avenues ....,§- Bryn Mawr, Pa. State Department: "We have about 500/o of t:i the world's wealth, but only 6.3% of its popu- ] For Students with lation ... . In this situation we cannot fail to be ~ Learning Differences the object of envy and resentment. Our real :i: College preparatory, Grades 7-12 task in the coming period is to devise a pattern ~ Summer School of relationships which will permit us to main- d tain this position of disparity. ... We should .s. Come to an Open House cease to talk about vague and... unreal objec- -:;; 526-9595 for info & video, tives such as human rights, the raising of ~ "Learning with a Difference" living standards and democratization." &; Although Gerson writes that the end ofthe ~ Cold War should have brought an end to ~ nuclear weapons, their allowed possession by ~ One pathway to peace the United States, Russia, England, France, 'c-~ reads right through the andChinawasindefinitelyextendedbytheUnited ~ halls of Congress Nations' Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty ~ Conference concluded on May II, 1995. d Gerson lays out the conditions that have to be in place before there could be a treaty vors ofthe events that took place in Hiroshima abolishing nuclear weapons: more education and Nagasaki in early August 1945. We are A6k how you can help on consequences of nuclear war; a compre­ all survivors in the Atomic Age. I was devas­ bring Friend6' concern for hensive test ban; ending production of weap­ tated when I read the thick, black headlines, peace and ju6tlce to Capitol Hill ons-grade fissile materials; a no-first-use "Atom Bomb Dropped on Japan." As a stu­ policy in place; and faster reductions in cur­ dent of the physicist J.D. Bernal, I had re­ FRIENDS COMMITI'EI! ON NATIONAL LEGISLATION rent nuclear stockpiles. He calls for a "politi­ 245 Second Street N.E. Washington, D.C. 20002-5795 cently learned ofthe great potential of nuclear cal imagination, not unlike that of the disar­ energy. This misuse shattered my conven­ mament movement of the 1980s, but with a tional patriotism; I became a pacifist and joined clearer vision of purpose and the will. . . to the Quakers. CREMATION achieve it." Friends are reminded that the Rachelle Linner' s work and friendship with With Hiroshima Eyes presents a stirring Anna T. Jeanes Fund the hibakusha of Hiroshima lead her to write will reimburse cremation costs. message and a prescription for action in its about the deeper levels ofmeaning as she tells (Applicable to members of ending pages. The extensive notes after each the stories of these people. With the inevi­ Philadelphia Yearly Meeting only.) chapter give sources for all ofGerson's claims. table suffering we also meet grace, solidarity, The reader clearly sees how continuing U.S. For lnformotlon, write or teltphone and resilience of the human spirit. The physi­ SANDY BATES nuclear threats have served to escalate and cal sufferings were compounded by isolation, 5JSO Kilo• Street prolong the destabilizing nuclear arms race. PbUadtlphla, PA 19144 social stigmatization, and fear of the delayed Although progress has been made through effects of radiation. But with this experience, START treaties and the beginnings of deacti­ many of the sufferers accepted a sense of vating U.S. and Russian missiles, the U.S. mission and purpose: to bear witness and to grassroots movement must be stirred up again overcome the burdens of bitterness and hate. ()akwood Schoo] to protest and demonstrate against nuclear Among the stories the author relates is that weapons and their lethal "modernization." of Barbara Reynolds, a U.S. Quaker and paci­ Friends will find powerful passages in this fist whose life of dedicated service to the Grades 7-12 and Postgraduate indispensable book they can use as they survivors of Hiroshima became a path of rec­ speak and write for the abolition of nuclear Friends Boarding and Day School onciliation between the United States and Ja­ weapons. pan; she was given honorary citizenship of -Mary Ellen Sin'gsen Emphasis on: Hiroshima in 1975. The complex story of Barbara's spiritual growth and the develop­ • College Preparatory Curriculum Mary Ellen Singsen is a member ofScarsdal e ment of her political activism is told with · Challenging Senior Program (N.Y.) Meeting and the Friends Journal board sensitivity and in detail. • Learning Center of managers. She also chairs the Scarsdale The frustrating experience of U.S. citizens • Personal Growth Campaign f or Peace Through Common Se­ of Japanese origins who were in Hiroshima at · International Program curity. the time of the bombing, some 1,500 , is ex­ · Visual and Performing Arts amined at many levels. I found the chapter on · Sports Program "The Mystic ofNagasaki," Dr. Takashi Nagai, City of Silence: challenging and disturbing. This saintly doc­ For a tour and more information Listening to Hiroshima tor, himself wounded by the atom bomb, wi~h contact: great humility tended to the wounded at his By Rachelle Linner. Orbis Books, hospital and then at his home for the remain­ Oakwood School Maryknoll, N.Y., 1995. 146 pages. $16.95/ ing six years of his short life. He became a 515 South Road hardcover. spiritual leader, who saw the destruction of Poughkeepsie, NY 12601 Rachelle Linner has given voice to the his city as a kind of sacrifice, "a great act of Telephone:(914) 462-4200 survivors of the nuclear bombing of 50 years Divine Providence." Fax:(914) 462-4251 ago-the hibakusha, or bomb-affected peopl_e For many years, survivors have been tell­ in Japan. In a sense, though, we are all survt- ing us their stories, but now they are getting

26 August 1995 FRIENDS JoURNAL WILLIAM PENN CHARTER SCHOOL Est. 1689 older and many are dying. A time will come Kindergarten through when there are no living survivors of 303 Years of Quaker Education Twelfth Grade Hiroshima and Nagasaki, but before that hap­ Operated under Charter issued by William Penn. The William Penn Charter pens it is incumbent upon us to receive the School is a Quaker college-preparatory school committed to nurturing in girls inheritance oftheir memories. Hence this chal­ and boys the education of the mind, the quickening of the spirit, and the lenging book. development of the body. Penn Charter stresses high standards in academics, -Jack Mongar the arts, and athletics. Friends are encouraged to apply both as students and as teachers. Jack Mongar is a member ofLancaster (Pa.) Meeting. He is a trainer in the Alternatives to Earl J . Ball Ill, Headmaster Violence Project and a member ofthe Friends 3000 W. School House lane, Philadelphia, PA 19144 Journal board ofmanagers. (215) 844-3460 Black Eggs: Poems by Kurihara Sadako Translated and with an introduction and FOX notes by Richard H. Minear. University of A:\10:\G FELLS Peacework links the '60s with the 21st Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Mich., /994. THE century, promoting "Global Thought 329 pages. $34.95/hardcover. A 30-MINUTE VIDEO FOR and Local Action for Nonviolent Given the approaching 50th anniversary Social Change." Grassroots activists of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and FIRST DAY SCHOOLS fmd this eclectic, provocative, faith­ Nagasaki, and the rising antagonism between Japan and the United States-most recently &ADULT GROUPS based 24-page monthly essential for apparent in the controversies swirling around -----SEE----­ its detailed news of social justice and peace. Howard Zion calls Peacework the U.S. Postal Service's proposed stamp com­ George Fox and Margaret Fell memorating the bombings, and the "a vital link for widely scattered Smithsonian Institute's proposed exhibit on Swarthmoor Hall groups of activists in the nation." the bombings-Richard Minear's translation English Countryside Published by the N .E. Regional ofKurihara Sadako'sB/ackEggs could hardly Quaker Pilgrimage Office of the AFSC. Subscriptions are have appeared at a more propitious moment. Meetinghouses $10/year; $15 by first class mail; $5/ Kurihara, a native Hiroshiman, was 32 student, low-income. Friends journal years old on August 6, 1945. Already a poet, John Punshon rates readers bonus: free introductory copy an opponent of the imperial system, an anti­ Fox Among the Fells militarist, and an advocate of nonviolence, in "QQQQ" of special issue on "50 Years After Hiroshima and Nagasaki, World War that flash of total annihilation she was trans­ To order send $22.00 (US) formed into a lifelong witness for peace, a II, the UN, the World Bank, and the Japanese Jeremiah warning of the dangers of for cost + shipping and handling to: IMF-How Do We Make Peace humanity's lunatic flirtation with the destruc­ Curlew Productions Now?" Peacework,AFSC, 2161 Mass. tive force of the atom. 174 Kilburn Rd. Ave., Cambridge, MA 02140. Kurihara originally published Black Eggs, Garden City, NY 11530 heavily censored by American Occupation authorities, at her own expense in 1946, though a complete and accurate version did not ap­ pear until 1983. That complete version is here FRIENDS HOME AT WOODSTOWN translated by Minear, who has also added 81 ofKurihara's later poems written between the A Quaker-Sponsored Retirement Facility late 1940s and the early 1990s. Though Hiroshima remains always at the • One-bedroom Woods Court • 60-bed Medicare & Medicaid heart of her work, Kurihara's subjects range Apartments for People over 60 Certified Nursing Home widely from marriage and parenthood, to the • Residential facility with • Pastoral Setting Viet Nam and Gulf wars, to the duplicity of community dining • Caring, supportive staff governments and the dangers of reflex patriot­ • Delicious, nutritious meals ism. These are moving and powerful poems in their own right, made even more so be­ cause they offer an image of Japan and the P.O. Box 457, Friends Drive • Woodstown, NJ 08098 • (609) 769-1500 Japanese that is all too rarely available to people in the United States. -W.D. Ehrhart Display Ad Deadlines Reservations are required for display ads in FRIENDS JoURNAL. W.D. Ehrhart 's most recent book is Busted: October issue: Reserve space by August 7. Ads must be received by August 14. A Vietnam Veteran in Nixon's America (Univ. November issue: Reserve space by September 4. Ads must be received by september 11. ofMass. Press, 1995). He lives with his wife, Ad rate is $28 per column inch. Call (215) 241-7279 now with your reservation or questions. Anne, and daughter, Lee/a, in Philadelphia, Pa.

FRIENDS JOURNAL August 1995 27 DISCOVER QUAKER PHILADELPHIA Milestones Two-hour walking tours of William Penn's original city of brotherly love, in honor of Penn's 350tb birthday. Births Unadilla (N.Y.) Meeting, of which Eugene and Send a SASE for schedule to: QUAKER Denise are members. Allen-Robert Bayard Allen, on March 27, to TOURS, Box 1632, Media. PA 19063. Barbara and Roy Allen. Roy is a member of Hearing-Wenderotb---John Wenderoth and Marin (Calif.) Meeting. Annette Hearing, on March 25, at and under the care of Providence (Pa.) Meeting. THE HICKMAN Cramer-Caroline Jesse Cramer, on March 21, to Victoria and Chris Cramer, of Mount Holly Mahoney-Grimshaw-GwynhwyfarGrimshaw (N.J.) Meeting. and Barbara Ann Mahoney, on Jan. 14, under the care of Peconic Bay (N.Y.) Meeting, of which Golde-C/ayton Westcott Golde, on May 6, to Gwynhwyfar and Barbara are members. Pamela Lester Golde and Robert J. Golde. Pamela is a member of Saratoga (N.Y.) Meeting. Ostrye-Treadway- Tony Treadway and Karen Ostrye, on April23, under the care of Rochester Independent Living and Personal Core Mackenzie-Rose Gates Mackenzie, on March (N.Y.) Meeting. Comenient to shops, businesses 24, to Sharon Gates and David Mackenzie, of and OJirurol opportunities Orange Grove (Calif.) Meeting. Rand-Segal-Adam Ezra Segal and Carol-Jane Rand, on Sept. 18, 1994, under the care of Reasonable • Not{or~ Nachman-Joy Laurel Nachman, on April 17, to Brooklyn (N.Y.) Meeting, of which Adam is a ~ Founded and operoted ~ Quakers Veronica Burrows and David Nachman, both member. members of Tempe (Ariz.) Meeting. l.:.I 400 North Waloot Street Smith-Ascb---Marc W. Asch and Emily Smith, on WestChester,PA 19380 (610)696-1536 Neumann-Peter James Neumann, on Dec. 2 I, Nov. 12, 1994, under the care ofFails (Pa.) 1994, to Gretchen Neumann and Phil Stone, of Meeting. Emily is a member of Poughkeepsie Santa Cruz (Calif.) Meeting. (N.Y.) Meeting. The "Video Newsletter of Otto-Moudry-Emma Reade Otto-Moudry, on Guatemalan Friends Meeting," Thomas-Baird-John H. Baird and Sylvia Feb. 14, to Roberta Moudry and Christian Otto. Thomas, on Aug. 12, 1994. Sylvia is a member of Christian is a member of Flushing (N.Y.) which describes its scholarship Flushing (N.Y.) Meeting. Meeting. program for mostly indigenous Toppins-Garay-Frederick Rama Garay and students, is a colorful, music-filled Sanderson-Margaret Elise McCoy Sanderson, on May 2, to Carolyn McCoy and Bill Sanderson. Helen Toppins, on April22. Helen is a member testimony to the work of Right Sharing Both parents are members of Central of Brooklyn (N.Y.) Meeting. in the world. Contact Serita Spadoni, Philadelphia (Pa.) Meeting. Withington-Ellwood-Robert Ellwood and Amy (610) 942-3226, clerk of Right Sharing Schwenke-/an Lucas Schwenke, on May 4, to Withington, on May 13, under the care of of World Resources Committee, Christine Lucas and Stephen Schwenke, of Haverford (Pa.) Meeting. Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, if you Langley Hill (Va.) Meeting. would like to borrow this video to Walker-Theodore Brooks Walker, on Dec. 3 I, Deaths learn more about the program. 1994, to Katie and Randy Walker, of Summit Beshears-Char/otte Tinker Beshears, 79, on (N.J.) Meeting. May I, in Morton Grove, Ill. Born in Ann Arbor, Wash-Galen Sun Hura Longley Wash, in Korea Mich., Charlotte graduated from Oberlin College Washington, DC is Affordable on Nov. I, 1994, adopted on March 2, by Katie in 1937. During the following three years she (Kinney) and Dave Wash. Katie is a member of served as Oberlin's Shansi Representative teach­ at William Penn House Sandy Spring (Md.) Meeting. ing English in China. Upon her return to the United States, she continued her studies at Oberlin, earn­ Capitol Hill Accommodations ~aniage~nions ing a master's degree in theology. Foilowing gradu­ ation she worked in the Consumer Cooperative $25 - $40, breakfast included Charles-Gomez- Juan Mario Gomez and Jill Movement. In addition to being a wife and mother, Public Policy Seminars Charles, on Aug. 6, 1994. Jill is a member of Charlotte studied to become a medical technolo­ Meetings, schools, other groups Poplar Ridge (N.Y.) Meeting. gist. She taught and worked in several hospital! clinic laboratories, two of which were consumer Cooley-Davies-Lindreth Davies and Lisa owned. Having helped organize a Wider Quaker Cooley, on March II, under the care of Brooklyn Fellowship group on the Oberlin campus while a WILLIAM PENN HOUSE (N.Y.) Meeting, of which Lindreth is a member. 515 East Capitol Street SE student, she joined the Society of Friends in I 946. Corneilson-Biaisure-Eugene Blaisure and Believing that lasting peace could be achieved Washington, DC 20003 Denise Corneilson, on Feb. 14, under the care of only when accompanied by justice, Charlotte was (202)543-5560

eturneJ to lPrint After lOOYe&rs! Oualker Strongholds Ly Caroline Stephen Quaker Inner City School HardLound...... $14. 95 other %-wt'ence-6fhe<)?ractice of th Endowment Fund esence of Goa Soft $4.95 Lrg Prt. $4. We're trying to help a small group of well integrated Quaker '!be Wemolrs ofCt~lherhe 'Philips 1726-1794

28 August 1995 FRIENDS JOURNAL \lTFSTTOWN actively involved in working for economic reform, prison reform, and racial understanding. Charlotte VVsc H o o L was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in the early 1980s, and in 1982 she participated in a four­ year Alzheimer research program conducted by the University of Pittsburgh. Charlotte is survived by her former husband, Bob Beshears; a son, Fred Beshears; a daughter, Bonnie Kelly; and a grand­ daughter, Danielle Kelly. Brooks-Margaret Henshaw Brooks, 94, on Feb. 18, at home in Davis, Calif. Born in Milton, Mass., Margaret was a graduate of Smith College. After teaching at Hampton Institute for a year, she began graduate studies at the London School of Econom­ ics, finished her graduate studies at the University ofCalifomia, and, while teaching at Barnard Col­ lege, earned her Ph.D. in government from Brookings Institute in 1929. In 1931 she married Frederick A. Brooks and moved to Davis, Calif. Margaret helped found Davis (Calif.) Meeting and We Invite You to Discover the Value of a Westtown Education Redwood Forest (Calif.) Meeting. Following Frederick's death in 1967, she chaired the North­ A 200-year-old tradition of Quaker Education em California Friends Committee on Legislation, which she represented in Washington, D.C. She Westtown is a Quaker, coed school, offering a day school traveled extensively, including coast to coast train in grades pre-K through 10 and boarding in grades 9 through 12. journeys in the United States and several trips to Pre-K class begins at age 4-112 with extended day available. countries in Europe and Asia. She visited China at the age of84. Margaret dedicated her life to causes promoting human rights and peace, and accepted Please contact the Admissions Office the Davis Peace and Justice Award for Davis Meet­ Westtown School, Westtown, PA 19395• 610-399-7900 ing in 1994. Her lifelong love of reading was evident in her extensive library. She treasured her wide circle of friends of all ages and often shared time with them over her customary cup of tea. Margaret is survived by four daughters, Audrey Stolz, Emily Rowe, Deborah Fahrend, and Brenda Brook Post; 13 grandchildren; and 17 great-grand­ What kind of a children. B. PAX Fitzgerald-David Fitzgerald, 85, on Feb. 28, ------world do you want in Springfield, Mass. David was born in Atlanta, Ga., attended Emory University, and, in 1941, !VVORLD ENVIRONMENTAllY SOUND? earned a law degree from Temple University in Philadelphia, Pa. He served in the army during PEACEFUL? World War II and remained in the reserves until ~~ - u ~ 1970, when he retired as a colonel. During the WITH EQUAL OPPORTU NITY? e 1960s he cofounded a law firm in Norristown, Pa., where he also served as a public defender. He lived Then Consider Pax World Fund• in the Philadelphia area until 1986, when he retired and moved to Wilbraham, Mass. David was a For a free prospectus Pax World is a no-load, d iversified balanced member and former clerk ofH averford (Pa.) Meet­ and other materials mutual fund designed for those who wish to ing. He was a former local leader of the Demo­ call toll-free cratic Party and a former president of the local 24 hours a day: develop income and to invest in life-supportive American Civil Liberties Union. David is survived products and services. Pax invests in such 1-800-767-1729 industries as pollution control, health care, food, housing, education, and leisure time. Pox World Fund shares are available for sole in The fund does not invest in weapons production, all 50 states. Restorative Justice Ministries Conference nuclear power, or the tobacco, alcohol or Church/System/Community Dialogue gambling industries. Various opportunities are Oct. 6-7, 1995 available : Regular Accounts, IRA's, Educational Preconference Training Seminar Accounts, SEP-IRA's, and 403(b) Pension Plans. Start a Church-based (VORP) Minimum investment $250. Send no money. Viaim Offender Reconciliation Progr.lm July 13-15, Oct. 3-5 * PAX W ORLD FUN D IS THE ONLY MUTUAL FUND IN THE Pre-I!Bisler by Se[tember rst for disccunJ! NATION AFFILIATED WITH A FOUNDATION THAT, FOR TWELVE

YEARS, HAS SUPPORTED TRE~ PLANTING IN AREAS OF THE -a, Fresno Pacific College atmR FOR CONFUO STVDffS 1- PfACVMXJNG DEFORESTED THIRD WORLD. 1-800-909-VORP

FRIENDS JOURNAL August 1995 29 S!UJha ~'wsion gp,OIJ1f41JWS by his wife, Barbara Steigerwalt Fitzgerald; a son, David B. Fitzgerald 3rd; a daughter, Angela E. Fitzgerald; three stepdaughters, Marian P. in it:k Cmltl~11WJPklftit~t t)(nJ4i~ Robertson, Deborah S. Stafford, and Katherine S. Ferguson; a sister; a half-sister; five step-grand­ Contemplative Prayer Group children; and six step-great-grandchildren. 1 Leadership Program- year • Flitcraft'-Alice Blackburn Flitcraft, 94, on Dec. 'There is an for those who lead contemplative 24, 1994, in Oak Park, Ill. Born in Fishertown, Pa., spiritual formation groups and retreats and raised in Bedford, Pa., Alice attended undefined Swarthmore College in 1923-1924. A birthright Spiritual Guidance Program - 2 years • Friend, Alice regularly attended Friends General for those who are called to the ministry of wealth in Conference gatherings from an early age. In 1917, one-to-one spiritual direction while attending Illinois Yearly Meeting, she met Harold Wilson Flitcraft. They corresponded for Shalem, that Personal Spiritual Deepenlng several years and married in 1924. Thereafter, Program- 1 1/2 years Alice and Harold set a record for attendance to­ is far deeper, for those who want to dedicate themselves gether at FGC gatherings-60 consecutive years. to a contemplative grounding within Following their marriage in Philadelphia, Pa., the couple moved to the Chicago, Ill., area and Alice far more the context of their daily lives became a member of Chicago's Central Executive significant * accredited by Washington Theological Union (WTU) Meeting. In 1931 she became a founding member of 57th Street (Ill.) Meeting. During World War II Application for these ecumenical programs is open to lay the Flitcrafts hosted a man who had been a judge in than the people, clergy, religious, and others anywhere in the English­ Germany before escaping to the United States. speaking world who want to learn from and deepen their After the war, Alice was heavily involved in the Program's givenness to God in the light of contemplative traditions. preparation and shipment of relief clothing, and Scholarship assistance is available. she continued to do volunteer work with the Ameri­ can Friends Service Committee throughout her outline." Staff: Rose Mary Dougherty, Tilden Edwards, Gerald May & others life. Alice was also active in the Oak Park Council For information & application please contact: of International Relations. She eventually became SHALEM INSTITUTE FOR SPIRITUAL FORMATION involved in Oak Park (Ill.) Meeting, whose mem­ bers visited her regularly and occasionally held 5430 Grosvenor Lane, Bethesda, MD 20814 Phone: 301-897-7334 meeting for worship in her home in recent years. Alice served 57th Street Meeting as recording clerk and, jointly with Harold, edited that meeting's newsletter. For Illinois Yearly Meeting, she served as minute clerk and reading clerk. During the 1950s and 1960s, Alice regularly visited elderly, shut-in (F)friends throughout the Chicago area. She authored pieces on the history of 57th Street Meet­ ing, and her poetry was published in Friends Jour­ nal. Family and friends remember Alice as an active, vital, and gracious woman who had a lively sense of humor. Alice is survived by two sons, Scattergood offers a rigorous college preparatory program for approximately 60 Allen Flitcraft and John Flitcraft; a daughter, Joyce - Zoellner; six grandchildren; seven great-grand­ students, grades 9 through 12, in a caring, close-knit community of boarding children; and a sister, Adalyn. students and resident staff living and working together in.a beautiful rural setting. Gross--Rachael Childrey Gross, 91, on Dec 16, 1994, in Roseville, Calif. Born in Chester, Pa., • Coeducational Rachael was a graduate of Cornell University, • Graduation requirements include Ithaca, N.Y. After graduate training at the Pennsyl­ Quaker Studies and an off-campus vania School of Social Work, she served social community service project services agencies in Connecticut and Pennsylva­ nia. Following Word War II she joined Exeter (Pa.) • Strong programs in the arts Meeting, transferring to Abington (Pa.) Meeting in • Four-year Spanish language 1951 and Sacramento (Calif.) Meeting in 1979. In program with work-camp these monthly meetings and in Philadelphia Yearly experience in Mexico Meeting Rachael worked on numerous committees • Daily campus and farm work crews including the Abington Friends School Commit­ • Outdoor and wilderness programs tee. She did work on the Pennsylvania State Board ofLibrary Trustees and the National Library Asso­ • Cooperation emphasized over ciation, and she was a supporter oflibraries, schools, competition and peace and justice. With her husband, Richard • More than one-third of students and Dana Gross, Rachael organized and participated in staff have Quaker backgrounds protests of the Vietnam War. Later she was a founder of the Sacramento Religicus Community for Peace and received one ofits first annual peace­ To learn more about Scattergood, or to arrange a visit, contact the Director ofAdmissions, making awards. Rachael was preceded in death by Scanergood Friends School, 1951 DeltJJ Avenue, West Branch, Iowa 52358-8507, her husband in 1983. She is survived by a son, phone(319)643-7638,FAJr(319)643-7485. Richard Gross; three grandchildren, Carson, Dana, and Rachael Marie Gross; and a sister, Robertson Under the care of Iowa Yearly Meeting of Friends (C) since 1890 Blackwell.

30 August 1995 FRIENDs JoURNAL Small classes, strong FRIENDS academics in a Hardin-George C. Hardin, 83, on March 10, in engineering. During the Depression he worked for SELECT supportive, caring Tucson, Ariz., of complications following surgery. the American Friends Service Committee, teach­ SCHOOL environment Born in Greensboro, N.C., George graduated from ing new skills to unemployed miners in West Vir­ emphasizing Quaker Guilford College in the early 1930s, attended Duke ginia. In 1935 Dan married Anna Elizabeth values. University, and studied for four years at the Harvard Coppock. The Houghton family moved to Wash­ Theological Seminary. He then took a job as a ington, D.C., in 1946 and became active members • Pre·K thru 12th manager and field worker for the Boy Scouts of of Friends Meeting of Washington (D.C.), where Day School America in the Wyandotte, Okla., area. A lifelong Dan served on numerous committees. Dan worked e • After School Program member of the Society of Friends, George worked as a machine designer and received patents on • Summer Day Camp with Native Americans in Oklahoma during the machines for wire cloth weaving, map making, late 1930s and 1940s. In 1973 he retired as execu­ and crab canning. In the 1950s Dan and Anna gave 17th & the Parkway tive secretary of the Friends Peace Committee in leadership and energy to Baltimore Yearly Philadelphia, PA Philadelphia, Pa., and moved to Tucson, Ari.z., Meeting's Indian Committee, which had projects (215) 561-5900 because of his arthritis. In Tucson, George joined with the Virginia Pamunkey Indians' craft center. Pima (Ariz.) Meeting and served with numerous In the 1970s the couple established their own craft social and civic groups working for human rights, center in Circleville, W.Va. After their 50th wed­ peace, and interfaith issues. His activities ranged ding anniversary, they retired to Sandy Spring from helping start the first food bank in the area to (Md.) Friends Home, where Anna died in 1990. working as secretary of the Tucson Ecumenical Dan continued to lead a quiet life, teaching by Council from 1978 to 1979, and serving on the example and spending much contemplative time Tucson Community Advisory Council from 1979 walking and gardening. In 1994 he moved to live to 1982, and the Human Services Commission with his eldest son in Tennessee. Dan is survived from 1980 to 1984. He was also one of the found­ by three sons, J. Richard, John, and Harold ing members of the Hemlock Society of Southern Houghton; a sister, Florence Jones; 13 grandchil­ Arizona. George is survived by his wife, Joyce dren; and two great-grandchildren. • Quality care in the Quaker tradition. Ennis Hardin; a son, David Hardin; five grandchil­ Layer-Frances Evans Layer, 88, on Dec. I , 1994, dren; two great-grandchildren; and a former wife, at Friendship Village retirement center in Tempe, • 42 apartments for independent liv­ Helen S. Hardin. Ariz. Frances was born in Washington State, mar­ ing, 60 private personal care rooms, Harrington-Robert W. "Ward " Harrington, 81, ried Herbert Pressley Layer in 1936, and, after 120 nursing home beds. on April 18, of respiratory illness. Born and raised living in Florida, moved to Arizona in 1970. She in Brooklyn, N.Y., Ward graduated from Brooklyn was an active member of Tempe (Ariz.) Meeting. • Peace of mind. Supportive medical College, earned a master's degree form Columbia Frances was widely known in Arizona as a dedi­ and social services throughout your University, and did doctoral work atthe New School cated worker for the cause of peace. In the stay. for Social Research. During World War II he served Phoenix, Ariz., area she was convenor of the Women's International League for Peace and Free­ the U.S. Army in Europe, and was awarded the • An active lifestyle in a beautiful, dom. In Tempe she was active on Tempe Meeting's Purple Heart medal in 1945. Ward married Marie graceful setting. Schmitt in 1943 at Camp Campbell, Ky. Following peace and social concerns committee. She wrote the war, the Harrington family moved to Flushing, numerous letters to elected officials and to news­ • Meals, housekeeping, transporta­ N.Y., where they remained untill983. Ward was a paper editors, and was the author of several articles professor emeritus of economics and philosophy published in the Churchman. A collection of her tion, cultural and social activities. at the City University ofNew York for more than letters and articles was also published in booklet 20 years. He served as chairman of the humanities form. Frances is survived by a daughter, Betty • A history of caring since 1904. program at New York City Community College Hoyt; three grandsons; and a brother. from 1970 to 1974. He retired from education in Osborn- Phyllis Rae Osborn, 91 , on Oct. 8, 1994, 1979. He was a Ford fellow in economics at at the Friendship Village retirement home in Stapeley In Germantown Princeton University in 1961 , and he served as Kalamazoo, Mich. With degrees from Oberlin Col­ 6300 Greene Street president ofthe World Federalists Association from lege and the University of Chicago, Phyllis began Philadelphia, PA 19 144 1981 to 1985. Ward's academic and religious in­ her social work career in Michigan's public schools. terests led to involvement and leadership in a num­ In the 1930s she helped prepare a survey of social Call Carol Nemeroff ber of organizations, including the World Citi­ services for the state ofNebraska. For a number of Admissions Director zens' Foundation and membership on the board of years she was regional representative of the Fed­ (215) 844--0700 directors of the American Movement for World eral Bureau of Public Assistance in Kansas City, Government. A member of Amawalk (N.Y.) Meet­ Mo., and later was a regional representative for ing, Ward served as treasurer of New York Yearly family services in Chicago, Ill. She later served on Meeting; executive secretary of Friends Commit­ the faculty of the University of Chicago's School tee on Higher Education; and a member of the of Social Service Administration. Phyllis joined Educational excellence Right Sharing of World's Resources Committee, Friends in Kansas City, when Penn Valley (Mo.) the Quaker Theological Discussion Group, and the Meeting was a preparative meeting under 57th for over 200 years Peekskill, N.Y., Area Pastor's Association. He was Street (lll.) Meeting. She transferred her member­ a frequent contributor to Quaker History and ship to 57th Street Meeting in 1956, just before Quaker Life. Ward is survived by his wife, Marie accepting a Fulbright Award to study Britain's Harrington; a son, Robert W. Harrington, Jr.; a National Assistance Board. She served 57th Street daughter, Marie Virginia Harrington; a brother, Meeting as chair of its Social Order Committee. Joseph Harrington; a sister, Kathleen Devine; and Around 1965, upon retirement, Phyllis returned to four grandchildren. the area of her birth in Coldwater, Mich. Phyllis is survived by several nieces and nephews and their Houghton-Daniel Eugene Houghton, 91, on March 29, in Cookeville, Tenn. Dan was born in families. Charlestown, Mass., and raised in Lynn, Mass., and on Westtown Friends School campus, where his father taught industrial arts. Dan graduated 110 East Main Stree~ Moorestown, NJ from Westtown in 1922 and from the University of 609-235-2900 ext. 227 Pennsylvania in 1926 with a B.S. in mechanical

FRIENDS JoURNAL August 1995 31 We're the small college with all the good stuff and none of the crowds Wilmington College, located between Cincinnati and Columbus on a • 17: I Student/faculty ratio 65-acre campus in Wilmington, Ohio, is a private, career-oriented liberal arts institution that is proud of its strong affiliation with the Religious Society of • Personal attention Friends (Quakers). Founded in 1870, Wilmington has a time-honored tradi­ tion in teacher education programs; however, in recent years, the College also has gained renown for its offerings in such areas as agriculture, business and • Quaker affiliated economics, science, criminal justice and athletic training. WC has an enrollment of approximately 1,000 students at its main • Located in a rural setting, campus, with a total enrollment of nearly 2,000 students when considering yet close to major the institution's various off-campus programs. It was recently re-accredited metropolitan areas for the maximum 10 years by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools. The College hosts a unique Peace Studies Program and its annual • NCAA Division III athletics Westheimer Peace Symposium attracts large audiences from the tri-state area to hear nationally known speakers. • Career-oriented, liberal arts Wilmington College does not discriminate on the basis of sex, race, curriculum religion, handicap, nationality or ethnic origin in its educational programs or employment. • 125-year tradition of excellence

Office of Admission • Wilmington College • Wilmington • Ohio 45177 • Phone 1-800-341-9318

Beacon Hill Friends House: Quaker-sponsored resi­ WHO ARE QUAKERS? by Claire Simon: Describes Classified dence of 19 interested in community living, spiritual growth, Friends' worship, ministry, and decision-making. Excel· peace, and social concerns. All faiths welcome. Open­ lent tool for outreach and education. $26.50 (appr. 27 ings in June, September. For information, application: mins.) For Information call (215) 241·7279. BHFH, 6 Chestnut Street, Boston, MA 02108-3624. (617) Also available: CRONES: Interviews with Elder Quaker 55¢ per word. Minimum charge is $11. 227·9118. Overnight accommodations also available. Women--Claire Simon's first program. Quaker women Add 10% if boxed. 10% discount for three speak unselfconsciously about their lives, being Quaker consecutive insertions, 25% for six. NYC-Greenwich VIllage Accommodation. Walk to 15th Street Meeting. One-lour people; children welcome. (Two women, and their feelings about aging and death. Re­ Appearance of any advertisement does not duced to $15 (appr. 20 mins.). imply endorsement by Friends Journal. cats in house.) Reservations: (212) 924-6520. Please add $3 for postage with your Classified Ad Deadlines: Hawaii-Island of Kaual. Cozy housekeeping cottages. order and allow three weeks for delivery. Peace, palms, privacy. $6()..$80/nightly. 147 Royal Drive, Quaker Video, P.O. Box 292, Maplewood, October issue: August 14 Kapaa, HI 96746. (808) 822·2321 . NJ 07040. November issue: September 11 Looking for a creative living alternative in New York Submit your ad to: City? Penington Friends House may be the place for you! Advertising Manager, Friends Journal We are looking for people of all ages who want to make a Books and Publications 1501 Cherry Street serious commitment to a community lifestyle based on Philadelphia, PA 19102-1497 Quaker principles. For information cail (212) 673-1730. About Jewell Edgerton's Quaker Profiles: "A happy Fax: (215) 568-13n We also have overnight accommodations. union of a gifted writer and a very responsive, vital group of subjects, many of whom have enjoyed wondrously rich Quaker House, Managua, Nicaragua. Simple hospitality; lives. . . . All of us will see something of ourselves in Accommodations shared kitchen. Reservations: 011-505-2-663216 (Span­ some of the lives portrayed here, and will also be chal­ ish) or 011-505-2-660984 (English). lenged by others."-Edwin B. Bronner. $13.95 from FGC As You Like It Bed & Breakfast Association of New NYC midtown B&B bargain! Charming, one-bedroom Bookstore (800) 966-4556 York. Accessible, affordable, attractive accommodations apartments of your own in historical, Eastside neighbor­ available throughout Manhattan. Apartments and guest hood, $7()..$125 double, plus $15 per additional guest. Quaker Peacemaking and rooms. (212) 695-3404. From simple to sublime. (212) 228-4645. the "Humanitarian Industrial Complex" Mexico City Friends Center. Reasonable accommoda· The Pendle Hill Issues Program has prepared a report on An oasis of calm In the heart of London? Yes, at the lions. Reservations recommended. Casa de los Amigos, the U.S. Institute of Peace and the emerging "Humanitar- Quaker International Centre, where short-, medium-, and Ignacio Mariscai 132, 06030 Mexico D.F. 705-0521. ian Industrial Complex" ~ now represents. The report longer-term accommodation is available as well as con­ considers the implications of this development for Quaker ference facilities. Excellent homemade food. For further Peace Witness. This report is part of an ongoing series, information contact telephone: 0171-387 5648, fax: 0171· Assistance Needed intended as resources for study and discernment among 383 3722, or write to: 1 Byng Place, London WC1 E 7JH . Friends. For a complimentary copy of this report, or for Help us find these members: James M. Abell. Carolyn information about the Issues Program, write: Issues Pro- Chicago-Affordable guest accommodations in historic Gage Andrews, Virginia Laura (Kahn) Ashley, Helen gram, Pendle Hill, Wallingford PA 19086-6099. (Or by Friends meetinghouse. Short- or long-term. Contact: As· Glassey Barnes, Norman Barton, Monica Bratenhal Berry, E-mail at: [email protected]) Ask for Report Number sistant Director, Quaker House, 5615 S. Woodlawn and John M. Beirlein. Please send any information to One. Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637. (312) 288-3066, p-nugent@ FRIENDS MEETING OF WASHINGTON, 2111 Florida uchicago.edu. Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20008. Telephone: (202) 483-3310. Fax: (202) 483-3312. FGC Bookstore Catalog-free upon request from Friends Comfortable, Seattle accommodations, University Meet­ General Conference Bookstore, 1216 Arch Street 2B, ing. Bed, shower, walking distance to restaurants. Philadelphia, PA 19107. In Philadelphia, come visit ~F Donations accepted. Reservations, (206) 632·9839. Audio-Visual 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Consultation on First-day school Coming to London? Friendly B&B just a block from the The Fire & The Hammer, a 90-minute cassette of the materials available. Call to order (800) 966-4556. British Museum and very close to London University. A spiritual quest of the young George Fox in songs and central location for all tourist activities. Ideal for persons readings based on his journal, is available for $13 (pay­ Book.....OUaker spiritual classics, h1story, b1ography, traveling alone. Direct subway and bus links with Heathrow able to: C. Helfrich) from: Quaker Festival Orchestra & and current Quaker experience, published by Friends Airport. The Penn Club, 21 Bedford Place, London WC1 B Chorus, Leaveners Arts Base, 8 Lennox Road, London United Press, 101-A Quaker Hill Dr., Richmond, IN 47374 . 5JJ. Telephone: +171 636-4718. Fax: +171 636-5516. N4 3NW, U.K., or fax: 011 44 81 272 8405. Write for free catalogue.

32 August 1995 FRIENDS JoURNAL Monteverde Friends School in the mountains of Costa Friend In Residence position for Twin Cities Frien~s ~ Wilmington College Peace Re- Rica seeks volunteer to design curriculum. Grades 7-12. Meeting, St. Paul, Minnesota. For information, call Em1ly source Center. Home of nation's Call Sarah at (506) 645-50-47. Grizzard at (612) 6~995. Applications accepted through most complete collection of educa- _ September 30. tional materials about the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Performing Arts Service community, lnnlsfree VIllage. Volunteers live Nagasaki. Wide variety of other resources ?n .conflict and work with adults with mental disabilities on a farm in resolution, nonviolence, global education, pr8judiCEl, un- Royale Muslck-Renais~nce and. Baroque .music .for the Blue Ridge Mountains. Must be 21, able to stay one your wedding, or spec1al occas1on. ClasSical gu1tar derstanding, nuclear weapons, and more. Catalogs party, year. Receive room, board, medical benefits, and $160/ available on request. PAC, Pyle Center Box 1183, and recorder/flute duo (609) 858-9374 . month. Recruiting, lnnisfree, Ate. 2, Box 506, Crozet, VA Wilmington, OH 45177. (513) 382-5338. E-mail: 22932. [email protected]. Personals Rentals & Retreats Heron Dance:· A newsletter celebrating the good. Work Woolwich, Maine In Winter. November 1995-May 1996. in prisons, soup kitchens, refugee camps, homeless Antique colonial In hamlet on tidal river. Books, woodstove. she~ers. Work to preserve and protect biodiversity. The ConcernedOingks_ beauty of art and of nature. For a complimentary copy, Resident cat negotiable. Sleeps four. $800/month plus Concerned Singles Newsletter links compatible, ~ heat and utilities. (207) 443-2325, 7 a.m.-7 p.m. wrHe: P.O. Box 318, Westport, NY 12993 or call (800) dally-conscious singles who care about pea~. SOCial 962-8630 and leave your address. justice, civil rights, gender equity, and the enwonment. A Friendly Maul vacation on a Quaker Family Organic Nationwide. All ages. Slnce 1984. Free sample: Box 555- Farm. 20 minutes to local beaches. New stone and cedar Quaker Books. Rare and out-{lfiJrint, journals, memori- FJ, Stockbridge, MA 01262, or (BOO) 37Q-5040. building with large octagonal room, skylig.ht, ocean vieo.y. als, histories, inspirational. Send for free catalogue or walk-in closet, and private bath. Full k1tchen, orgamc specifiC wants. Vintage Books, 181 Hayden Rowe St., Single Booklovers, a national group, has been getting vegetable garden, and hot tub. Bed and breakfast or bed Hopkinton, MA 01748. unattached booklovers together since 1970. Please write and supper: $70 per day. Weekly and m~nthly. rates Box 117, Gradyville, PA 19039, or call (610) 358-5049. available. Write or call Hennetta & Wm. V1tarelh, 375 Classical Music Lovers' Exchang~ationw ide link Kawelo Road, Haiku, HI 96708. Telephone: (608) 572- 9205. Fax: 572-{;048. andAFSC varied ..,.,.....___..,""" selection of books not• ,,;q~ found between unattached music lovers. (800) 233-CMLS; Box in most retail bookstores: Quaker, Peace, 31, Pelham, NY 10803. * 2 BR apartment for resldent(s) in Kalamazoo Friends Children's, Women's and Men's Stud- Meetinghouse. Rent and responsibilities to be negob­ ies, African-American, Middle East, latin Positions Vacant ated. Write: 508 Denner, Kalamazoo, Ml 49006. America, and many others. Write or call Telephone: (616) 382-1539. for a booklist. Order by mail or by phone. Friends World Committee for Consultation Visa and MasterCard. American Friends Service Com- Executive Positions Vacation rental. 20Q-year-old Sandwich, N.H., home. mittee Bookstore, 980 N. Fair Oaks Avenue, Pasadena, FWCC is seeking suitable Friends for ap­ Modern kitchen, 4 fireplaces (2 in bedrooms), sleeps 7, CA 91103-3097. Telephone: (818) 791-1978 Ext.123 pointment as: 4Q-acre forest, White Mountains, Squam Lake Barnstorm­ (Mon.-Fri., 10:30 am.-4 p.m.). Fax: (818) 791-2205. General Secretary (from 1 January 1998) ers Theater. By week or month. Photo and description Associate Secretary (from 1 January 1997) (303) 225-2306. The General Secretary and Associate Secretary work Dordogne, France. Charming 15th-century house in ham­ together to develop communication and cooperation For Sale - let near Bergerac. Fully furnished, sl~ps 6. Great ea:t10g, among Friends around the world. The World OffiCe of hiking, and biking. Explore prehistonc caves, med1eval Bible Software Clearance. Entire Bible: 8 versions + FWCC in London organizes and carries out work flowing reference library $19 & up DOS/MAC/Windows/CD-ROM villages and vineyards. Quiet enchantment. Telephone: from the FWCC Triennial Meetings and the Interim Com­ (414) 748-2690, e-mail [email protected] or write (800) 991 -3004 ext. 9. Harvest Ministries, P.O. Box 6304, mittee. Considerable travel is Involved for both posts. Jean Grant, 119 Tygart Street, Ripon, WI 54971. Olympia, WA 98502. Full job descriptions and application form can be ob­ tained from FWCC, 4 Byng Place, London WC1E 7JH, England. Applications to be received by 31 December, Retirement Living Opportunities 1995. Walton Retirement Hom-a nonprofit ministry. of the Active, egad Quaker couple will exchange I red~ce rent Ohio Yearly Meeting, invites you to come .and ret11e w1th of 2 BR Cottage for help with upkeep of rural res1dence, Head of School: We seek a well-organized individual 20 miles from Cincinnati. Call (513) 683-7559. dignity at Walton. Set up your new home 1n an Indepen­ who understands Quaker values and how they apply to dent Living Apartment as part of a sharing and ~ring schools; has a vision concerning schools and education, community. For further information please contact: N11mal Travel-Study In 1996 for the Socially Concerned together with experieriCe; can communicate clearly and Kaul, Manager, Walton Retirement Home, 61675 Join Quaker educator, Robert Hinshaw, on anthropol­ provide inspiration; and shows clear thinking about diver­ Roosevelt Road, Barnesville, OH 43713. Phone: (614) ogy-focused tours to Guatemala (winter), Scandinavia sity of learning and teaching styles. Lansdowne Friends 425-2635 (June), Peruvian Amazon and Andes (August), or Nova School, an elementary school serving suburban and Scotia (September). WrHe or call Hinshaw Tours: Box urban areas of Philadelphia, maintains a vigorous com­ Experience a Kendal Community for Yourself 412, Allenspark, CO 80510; (303) 747-2658. mitment to traditional Quaker values including Kendal retirement communities offer one of the most understanding and appreciating racial, cu~ural , ~ re­ comprehensive life care contr~s available: .comfortable Friends Jouma/ is seeking candidates for a nine-month ligious diversity. Send resume to: Search Comm1ttee, cottages and apartments; res1denl1al 5erVICElS; health to one-year internship beginning in summer or fall 1995. Lansdowne Friends School, Lansdowne PA 19050. care for life; predictable fees; and sound Quaker man­ Work includes administrative and editorial assignments, agement. .. all in one community that is home. plus exposure to all aspects of magazine publishing. Kendal has over 20 years' experience in serving older Send resum6 and cover letter to 1501 Secretarial Position: Requires excellent typing/word Friends Journal, people. Three of our communities offer a Try ~ You'!l Cherry St., Philadelphia, PA 19102, fax (215) 568-1 377. processing/computer skills, attention to detai!, ability to facilitate a wide variety of corresponderiCe wtth authors Like It program induding overnight stay, talks With reSI­ Quaker House Intentional community seeks residents. and financial contributors. Full-time position beginning dents, and tours. The cost is moderate. We also welcome Share living and meal arrangements in historic Friends September 1, 1995. Applicatioi)S to: Editor, Friends Jour­ shorter visits and inquiries. meetinghouse. Common Interests In spirituality, peace, nal, 1501 Cherry Street, Philadelphia, PA 19t02. (215) Kendal at Longwood, Crosslands, Kennett Square, and social concerns. One- or two-year terms. Directors, 241 -7280. Pennsylvania Quaker House, 5615 S. Woodlawn Avenue, Chicago, IL Kendal at Hanover, Hanover, New Hampshire 60637. (312) 288-3066, [email protected]. Kendal at Oberlin, Oberlin, Ohio Friends Community School Kendal at Ithaca (opening Dec. 1995), Ithaca, New York Consider a Costa Rican study tour. August 15-26, Director 1995 or January 31-February 12, 1996. Call, Fax, or A K-6 Quaker school with 135 Call or write today for Information: The Kendal write Roy Joe and Ruth Stuckey, 1182 Hornbeam Road, boys and girls, located in College Corporation, P.O. Box 100, Kennett Square, PA 19348 . Sabina, OH 45169. Phone/Fax: (513) 584-2900. •• ,.,• Park, Maryland, owned and un­ (610) 388-5581. Upcoming Conferences at Pendle Hill der the care of Adelphi Friends '~ ,, Meeting, seeks a Head of School Welcoming Diversity: A Young Adult Workcamp, beginning July 1, 1996. Wanted: William Kaplan and Elisabeth Leonard, September 2-4, ..... practicing Quaker with teaching FRIENDS HOMES reduced rate. and supervisory experieriCe in progressive education Living with Anger and Grief, linda Lyman, September setting, willingness to take leadership !n fundraising, 8-10. sensitivity to multiracial issues, strength 1n commumca­ Reflection and Emptying: A Silent Retreat, Patricia West tion skills, desire to take school into 21st century. Write Friends Homes West, the new continuing care retire­ Loring, September 8-10. for information packet and application to: June Confer, ment community in Greensboro, North Carolina, is now Basic Quakerism, Elaine Crauderruefl and Wallace aerk Search Committee, 1125 Geranium Street, N.W., open. Friends Homes West is owned by Friends Homes, Collett, September 15-17. washington, DC 20012. Final applicaliondeadine: 9/1195. Quaker Institutions: Mission, Leadership, Account­ Inc., specialists in retirement living since 1~. Friends Homes West includes 171 apartments for Independent ability, Lee Neff and Warren Witte, October 13-15. Volunteer Maneger(s) of Quaker Center In Maxlco Gospel Order Among Friends, Marty Grundy and Uoyd living and on-site heallh care services in the 28 private City: Casa de los Amigos seeks a live-in couple. or rooms of the Assisted living Unit or the 40 private rooms Lee Wilson, October 27-29. individual to manage its 50-bed guest house and serv1ce of the Skilled Care Nursing Unit. Enjoy a beautiful com­ Spirituality of the Eastern Church, Jim Forest, Novem­ center. Requirements: Familiarity with Friends, some ber 17-19. munity in a location with temperate winters and changing Spanish, 1-2 year commitment beginning in. summer/1~11 seasons. For more information, please call (91 0) 292- Contact: Registrar, Pendle Hill, Box F, 338 Plush Mill 1995. Contact: Tobin Marsh, Casa de los Am1gos, lgnac1o 9952, or write: Friends Homes West, 6100 West Friendly Road, Wallingford, PA 19086-6099. (610) 566-4507 or Mariscal 132, 06030 Mexico D.F., Mexico; Telephone: Road, Greensboro, NC 27410. (800) 742- 3150. (52-5) 705-Q521, fax: 705-0771.

FRIENDS JOURNAL August 1995 33 Foxdale VIllage, a Quaker life-care community. Thoughtfully designed cottages complemented by allrac­ Socially Responsible Investing Meetings tive dining facilities, auditorium, library, and full medical Using client-specified social criteria, I screen invest­ protection. Selling is a wonderful combination of rural ments. I use a financial planning approach to port1olio A partial listing of Friends and university environment. Entry fees from management by identifying individual objectives and de­ $40,00G-$140,000; monthly fees from $1,164-$2,354. signing an investment strategy. I work with individuals meetings in the United States 500 East Marylyn Avenue, Department F, State College, and business. Call: Sacha Millstone; Raymond, James & and abroad. PA 16801. Telephone: (800) 253-4951. Associates, Inc., member NYSE, SIPC. (202) 789-0585 In Washington, D.C., area, or (800) 982-3005. MEETING NOTICE RATES: $13.50 per line per year. Payable a year in advance. No Schools Friendly financial services. Let me help you prepare for retirement or work out an estate plan. Socially respon­ discount. Changes: $8 each. Junior ~lgh boarding school for grades 7, 8, 9. Small, sible investments are my specialty. Call Joyce K. Moore, academiC classes, challenging outdoor experiences, com­ Joyce K. Moore financial Services, at (61 0) 258-7532. munity service, consensus decision-making, daily work (Securities offered by: Washington Square Securities, projects in a small, caring, community environment. Arthur 1423 N. 28th St., Allentown, PA 18104; (610) 437-2812.) Morgan School, 1901 Hannah Branch Road, Burnsville, BOTSWANA NC 28714; (704) 675-4262. Marriage Certificates. Fine calligraphy and beautiful custom-designed borders. Call or write for information. GABORONE·Kagisong Centre. 373624 or 353552. Carol Simon Sexton, 820 West Main Street, Richmond, Olney Friends School, a wholesome residential learning IN 47374. (317) 962-1794. CANADA co~munity in the manner of Conservative Friends, pro­ HAUFAX, NOVA SCOTlA-(902) 461-Q702 or 477-3690. VIding excellent college preparation for grades 9-12 Buying or selling a home in Montgomery Co., Bucks through Integrated academics, arts, worship, work, sports, Co., or Philadelphia area? Call Fran Oldynski of John N. OTTAWA-Worship and First-day school 10:30 a.m. g1A Fourth Ave. (613) 232-9923. and service, grounded in Quaker principles of Divine Weiss, Inc. Realtors, at (215) 379-2002 (0) or (215) 745- guidance and respect for the good in every person. 7061 (H). Sixteen years experience. Member Abington TORONTO, ONTARIO-Worship and First-day school 11 61830 Sandy Ridge Road, Barnesville, OH 43713. (614) Monthly Meeting. a.m. 60 Lowther Ave. (North from cor. Bloor and Bedford). 425-3655: COSTA RICA Put Your Best Look Forward! Creative Video Produc­ A value-centered school for elementary students with MONTEVERDE.Phone 645-5207 or 645-5036. learning differences. Small, remedial classes, qualified tions and Multi Media Presentations: lnduding corporate staff, serving Philadelphia and northern suburbs. The identity, new product releases, employee/customer train­ SAN JOSE-Unprogrammed meeting, 11 am. Sunday. Quaker School at Horsham, 318 Meeting House Road, ing, specialty video presentations, broadcast quality Phone 224-4376 or 2~168. Horsham, PA 19044. (215) 674-2875. commercials for television and radio. From scripting to post production. Felice Philip VerreiCChia, 120 W. Union EGYPT John Woolman School. Rural California, grades 9-12. Street, WC, PA 19382. (610) 429-4484, Fax (610) 429- CAIRO-First, third, and fifth Saturday evenings, August Preparation for college and aduhhood, small classes, 4485. Member: London Grove Meeting. through June. Call: Ray Langsten, 357-6969 or 712-696. caring staff, work program, service projects; board, day. 13075 Woolman Lane, Nevada City, CA 95959. (916) GERMANY 273-3183. Family Relations Committee's Counseling Service (PYM) provides confidential professional counseling to HEIDELBERG-Unprogrammed meeting. First and third Sundays. Call Brian Tracy: 06223-1386. Lansdowne Friends School-A small Friends school for individuals, ~oup l es in most geographic areas of Phila­ boys and girls 3 years of age through 6th grade, rooted in delphia Yearly Meeting. All counselors are Quakers. All GUATEMALA Quaker values. We provide children with a quality aca­ Friends, regular attenders, and employees of Friends demiC and a developmentally-appropriate program in a organizations are eligible. Sliding fees. Further informa­ GUATEMALA-Unprogrammed. First and third Sundays. nurturing environment. Whole language, thematic educa­ tion or brochure, contact: Steve Gulick, 1501 Cherry St., Call Trudie "Hunt: 0343686, Nancy Espana: 0392461. tion, conflict resolution, Spanish, after-school care, Philadelphia, PA 19102. (215) 988-Q140. summer program. 110 N. Lansdowne Avenue, Lansdowne, MEXICO PA 19050. (610) 623-2548. We are a fellowship, Friends mostly, seeking to enrich CIUDAD VICTORIA, TAMAUUPAS.Iglesia de los Amigos, and expand our spiritual experience. We seek to obex Sunday 10 a.m.; Thursday 8 p.m. Matamoros 737 2-29-73. Sandy Spring Friends School. Five-or seven-day board­ the promptings of the Spirit, however named. We meet, MEXICO CITY-Unprogrammed meeting, Sundays, 11 a.m. ing option for grades 9-12. Day school pre-K through 12. publish, correspond. Inquiries welcome! Write Quaker College preparatory, upper school AP courses. Strong Casa de los Amigos, Ignacio Mariscal 132, 06030, Universalist Fellowship, 121 Watson Mill Road, Mexico 1, O.F. 705-o521. arts and a~ademics, visual and performing arts, and Landenberg, PA 19350-9344. team athletic programs. Coed. Approx1mately 400 stu­ dents. 140-acre campus less than an hour from General Contractor. Repairs or alterations on old or NICARAGUA Washington, D.C. International programs. Incorporating historical buildings. Storm and fire damage -restored. MANAGUA-Unprogrammed Worship 10 a.m. each Sunday traditional Quaker values. 16923 Norwood Road, Sandy John File, 1147 Bloomdale Rd., Philadelphia, PA 19115. at Centro de los Amigos, APTOO 5391 Managua, Spring, MD 20860. (301) 774-7455, ext. 158. (215) 464-2207. Nicaragua. Telephone first: 66-3216 or 68-o984. United Friends School: coed; preK-7; emphasizing in­ Celo Valley Books: Personal attention to all phases of UNITED STATES tegrated, developmentally-appropriate curriculum, book production (25 copies and up). Typing, editing, including whole language and manipulative math; serving layout, final delivery. Free brochure. 346 Seven Mile Alabama upper Bucks County. 20 South 1oth Street, Quakertown, Ridge Road, Burnsville NC 28714. A TliENS.Umestone Co. worship group (205) 230-3006. PA 18951. (215) 538-1733. BIRMINGHAM-Unprogr~med meeting. 10 am. Sundays. Stratford Friends School provides a strong academic Creative Montessori School, 1650 28th Court South, program in a warm, supportive, ungraded selling for Homewood. (205) 592-Q570. children ages 5 to 13 who learn differently. Small classes FAIRHOPE-Unprogrammed meeting 9 a.m. Sundays at and an enriched curriculum answer the needs of the Friends Meetinghouse, 1.2 mi. east on Fairhope Ave. Ext. whole child. An at-risk program for flve-year-olds Is avail­ Write: P.O. Box 319, Fairhope, AL 36533. able. The school also offers an extended day program, Maniage certificates, Birth announcements, Invitations, HUNTSVILLE-Unprogrammed meeting 10:00 a.m. tutoring, and summer school. Information: Stratford etc. Do justice to your event with our calligraphy and Sundays in various homes. Call (205) 837-6327 or write Friends School, 5 Llandillo Road, Havertown, PA 19083. award-winning graphic design. Call (800) 763-o053 or P.O. Box 3530, Huntsville, AL 35810. (61 0) 446-3144. Fax 0) 692-3394. • ROYAL (Blount County)-Worship group. (205) 429-3088. The Meeting School: a Quaker alternative high school for 30 students who want an education and lifestyle Alaska promoting Friends testimonies of peace, equality, and ANCHORAGE-Cal for time and directions. (907) 566-o700. simplicity. Students live in faculty homes, sharing meals, campus work, silence, community decision-making. Char­ FAIRBANKs-Unprogrammed, First Day, 10 a.m. Hidden acteristic classes include: Conflict Resolution, Native Hill Friends Center, 2682 Gold Hill Rd. Phone: 479-3796. American Studies, Ecology, Human Rights, Alternative JUNEAU-Unprogrammed. First Day g am. 325 Gold Housing, Mythology, Quantum Physics. College prepara­ Street. Phone (907) 586-4409 for information. tory and alternative graduation plans. Wooded rural selling Wedding Certificates, birth testimonials, poetry, gifts all near MI. Monadnock; organic garden, draft horses, sheep, done in beautiful calligraphy and watercolor illumination. Arizona poultry. Annual four-week Intensive independent study Book early for spring weddings. Write or call Leslie FLAGSTAFF-Unprogrammed meeting and First-day school projects. The Meeting School, 56 Thomas Road, Rindge, Mitchell, 2840 Bristol Rd., Bensalem, PA 19020. (215) 10 a.m. 402 S. Beaver, 66001. 752-5554. NH 03461. (603) 899-3366. McNEAL·Cochise Friends Meeting at Friends Southwest Center, 7 1/2 miles south of Elfrida. Worship 11 a.m. FRIENOS JouRNAL typesetting and design services. We Phone: (602) 642-3894 or (602) 642-3547. Services Offered prepare copy for newslellers, brochures, books, posters, and other printed works. FRIENDS JOURNAL, 1501 Cherry PHOENIX-Worship and First-day school 10 a.m. 1702 E. Friends Helping Friends (,lrow. Investment certificates Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102-1497. (215) 241-7282. Glendale, Phoenix, 85020. 943-5831 or 955-1878. are available from Friends Extension Corporation. These PRESCOTT-Worship group (602) ns-5971 or 445-7619. investments promote the growth of Friends by providing low-cost loans to build new facilities or renovate existing TEMPE-Unprogrammed, First Days, 10 a.m., childcare facilities. For information contact Margaret Bennington, Summer Rentals provided. 318 East 15th Street, 85281, Phone: 968-3966. 101 Quaker Hill Drive, Richmond, IN 47374. Telephone: TUCSON-Pima Friends Meeting (unprogrammed). 10 a.m. (317) 962-7573. Rustle small farmhouse (sleeps 4) for rent. Weekly, 931 N. 5th Ave. Information: (602) 625-o926. monthly. Solar shower. Composting toilet. Country, quiet. Moving to North Carolina? Maybe David Brown, a Quaker Hiking, bike trails, rivers close. $200/ week. Inquire about Arkansas real estate broker, can help. Contact him at 1208 Pine­ massage. Scholarships/barter. Two Willows, Flt.2 Box FAYETTEVILI.&Unprogrammed.(501)52143657or267~. wood Or., Greensboro, NC 27410. (910) 294-2095. 130, Ettrick, WI 54627. (608) 525-8948. HOPE-Unprogrammed. Call: (501) 777-5382.

34 August 1995 FRIENDs JoURNAL LITTLE ROCK-Unprogrammed meeting, discussion DENVER-Mountain View Friends Meeting, 2280 South location and time phone (904) 768-3648 or 733-3573. 10 a.m., worship at11 a.m. at Grace United Methodist Columbine St. Worship and adutt religious education KEY WEST-Worship group Sunday 10 :30. 618 Grinnell Church, 1601 S. Louisiana. Phone: (501) 663-1439. 9 a.m. Worship and First-day school, 10:30 a.m. Worship at Street in garden. Phone: Sheridan Crumlish, 294-1523. 12100 W. Alameda, Lakewood 10 a.m. Phone: m-3799. Callfomla LAKE WALES.Worship group, (813) 676-2199. DURANGO-Unprogrammed worship 10 am., First-day LAKE WORTH-Palm Beach Meeting, 823 North A St. ARCATA-11 a.m. 1920Zehndner. (707) 677-<>461. school and adult discussion 11 a.m. Call for location, 10:30 a.m. Phone: (407) 585-8060. BERKELEY-Unprogrammed meeting. Worship 11 am., 247-4550 or 884-9434. MIAMI-CORAL GABLEs-Meeting 10 a.m. 1185 Sunset 2151 Vine St. at Walnut. 843-9725. ESTES PARK-Friends/Unitarian Fellowship. Dr., 661-7374. Clerk: David Landowne, (305) 661-4847. BERKELEY-Strawberry Creek, 1600 Sacramento. P.O. Unprogrammed worship 10 am. Phone: (303) 586-5521. OCALA-10 a.m. ad hoc First-{!ay school. 1010 N.E. 44 Ave., Box 5065. Unprogrammed worship 9:30a.m. 524-9186. FORT COLLINs-Meeting for worship and First-day school 32670. Lovely reasonable acoommodalions. (904) 236-2839. CHIC0-10 a.m. singing; 10:30 unprogrammed worship, 10 am., 2222 W. Vine, (303) 491-9717. children's class. 2603 Mariposa Ave. 345-3429. ORLANDO-Meeting and First-day school 9:30 a.m. NORlli METRO DENVER-Unprogrammed worship 10 316 E. Marks St., Orlando, 32803. (407) 425-5125. CLAREMONT-Worship 9:30 a.m. Classes for children. 727 am., conversation after. Children welcome. Colorado W. Harrison Ave., Claremont. Piedmont Meeting, (303) 254-8123, Internet ST. PETERSBURG-Meeting, First-day school, and [email protected]. Teen Group 10:30 am. 130 19th Ave. S.E. DAVIs-Meeting for worship, First Days, 9:45 a.m. Phone: (813) 896-0310. 345 L St. Visitors call 753-5924. TRINIDAD-Unprogrammed worship, 10 a.m. every First SARASOTA-Discussion 9:30 a.m., worship 10:30 a.m., FRESNO-Unprogrammed meeting. Sunday 10 a.m. Child­ Day, 605 W. Pine St., Trinidad, CO. Clerk: Bill Durland, (719) 846-7480. Cook Hall, New College. For directions, call 362-9549 or care. 1350 M Street, Fresno, CA 93721. (209) 486-8420. Mimi McAdoo, clerl<, 355-2592. GRASS VALLEY-Meeting for worship 9:45am., Connecticut STUART-Worship group. October-May (407) 335-0281. discussion/sharing 11 a.m. John Woolman School campus, 13075 Woolman Ln. Phone: (916) 265-3164. HARTFORD-Meeting and First-day school10 a.m. TALLAHASSEE-Worship Sunday 4 p.m. United Church, discussion 11 a.m. 144 South Quaker Lane, West 1834 Mahan Dr. (US 90 E). Unprogrammed. Potluck first HEMET-Meeting for worship 9:30a.m., 26665 Chestnut Dr. Hartford. Phone: 232-3631. Visitors call: (714) 925-2818 or 927-7678. Sunday. (904) 878-3620. MIDDLETOWN-Worship 10 am. Butterfield Colleges, Unit TAMPA-Meeting and First-day school 10 a.m. LA JOLLA-Meeting 10 a.m. 7380 Eads Ave. Visnors call A, corner of High and Lawn Avenue in Middletown. 456-1020. 11215 N. Nebraska Ave., Sune B-3. Phone contacts: NEW HAVEN-Meeting and First-day school, Sundays, 9:45 (813) 989-9261and 9n-4022. LONG BEACH-10 am. Orizaba at Spaulding, (310) 514- a.m. at Connecticut Hall on the Old Campus of Yale 1730. WINTER PARK-Meeting 10 a.m. Alum ni House, Rollins Universny. Cieri<: Bill Walkauskas, 24 Market Street, New College. Phone: (407) 894-8998. LOS ANGELEs-Worship 10:45 a.m. with Westwood, 5353 Haven, CT 06513. (203) 453-3815. W. Third St. Maii to meetinghouse, 4167 So. Normandie NEW LONDON-Meeting for worship and First-day Georgia Ave., L.A., CA 90037 (213) 296-0733. school tO a.m., discussion 11 a.m. Friends Meeting A THENS.Worship and First-day school 10 to 11 a.m. MARIN COUNTY-10 a.m. tn East Blithedale Ave., House, Oswegatchie Rd., off the Niantic River Rd., Sunday; 11 to 12 discussion. Athens Montessori School, Mill Valley, CA. Phone: (415) 382-1226. Waterford, Conn. 536-7245 or 889-1924. Barnett Shoals Rd., Athens, GA 30605. (706) 353-2856 or MONTEREY PENINSULA-Friends meeting for worship, NEW MILFORD-Housatonic Meeting.Rte.7 at Lanesville 548-9394. Sundays, 10:00 a.m. Call (408) 649-8615 or Rd. Worship 10 a.m. Phone: (203) 746-6329. ATLANTA-Worship and First-day school1 0 a.m. (408) 373-5003. STAMFORD-GREENWICH-Meeting for worship 10 am. 701 W. Howard Ave., Decatur, GA 30030. David Thurman, OJAI-Unprogrammed worship. First Days 10 a.m. 572 Roxbury Rd. (corner of Westover), Stamford. Clerk, (404) 3n-2474. Call 646-4497 or 646-3200. (203) 637-4601 or 869-0445. AUGUSTA-Worship 10:30 a.m. at Meeting House, ORANGE COUNTY-Meeting for worship 10 a.m. Harbor STORRs-Meeting for worship 10 am. Corner North 340 112 Tel falr St. (706) 738-8036 or (803) 278-5213. Area Adult Day Care Center, 661 Hamilton St., Costa Eagleville and Hunting Lodge Rds. Phone: 429-4459. Mesa, CA 92627. (714) 786-7691 . ST. SIMONS ISLAND-Weekly meeting for worship in WILTON-Worship and First-day school tO a.m. homes, 10:30 a.m. Call (912) 638-1200 or 437-4708. PALO ALTO-Meeting for worship and First-day classes for 317 New Canaan Rd., Ale. 106. (203) 762-5669. Visitors welcome. children 11 a.m. 957 Colorado. WOODBURY-Utchfield Hills Meeting (formerly Watertown). PASADENA-Orange Grove Monthly Meeting, 520 E. Woodbury Community House, Mountain Rd. at Main St. Hawaii Orange Grove Blvd. First-day school tO a.m., meeting for Worship and Firsl-{!ay school tO a.m. Phone: 263-3627. HONOLULU-Sundays, 9:45a.m. hymn singing; 10 a.m. worship 11 a.m. Phone: (818) 792-6223. worship and First-day school. 2426 Oahu Ave., 96622. REDLANDS-RIVERSIOE-SAN BERNARDINO-Inland Delaware Overnight inquiries welcomed. Phone: (808) 988-2714. Valley Friends Meeting. Unprogrammed. Call {714) 682- CAMDEN-Worship 11 am., (10 a.m. in June, July, Aug.), MAUl-Friends Worship Group. Contact: John Dart 5364 or 792-n66. First-day school tO a m., 2 mi. S. of Dover, 122 E. (808) 878-2190, 107-D Kamnui Place, Kula, Hl96790; or SACRAMENTO-Meeting 10 a.m. Stanford Settlement, Camden-Wyo Ave. (Ale. 10), 284-4745, 697-6910. (808) 572-9205 (Vitarellis). 450 W. El Camino near Northgate. Phone: (916) 448-{;822. CENTRE-Meeting for worship 11 a.m. 1 mile east of SAN DIEGO-Unprogrammed worship, First Days, Centreville on the Centre Meeting Rd. at Adams Dam Rd. Idaho 10:30 a.m. 4848 Seminole Dr. (619) 287-4127. HOCKESSIN-First-{!ay school tO a.m., worship 11 a.m. BOISE-Boise Valley Friends. Unprogrammed worship, SAN FERNANDO VALLEY-Unprogrammed worship, First N.W. from Hockessin-Yorl

FRIENDS JoURNAL August 1995 35 OAK PARK-Worship 10 am.( with First.OOy school and Neighborhood House, Northeast Harbor; (207) 288-3888 or 5:30p.m. at Woolman Hill COnference Center, Keels Road, childcare) at Oak Pari< Art League, 720 Chicago Ave. 288-4941 . Deerfield, MA 01342. (413) 774-3431 . All are welcome. Mail Address: P.0. Box 3245, Oak Pari<, ll 60303-3245. BELFAST AREA-Unprogrammed meeting for worship, FRAMINGHAM-Worship 10 a.m. First.OOy school. Year Phone: (708) 848-1892. 9 a.m. Phone: (207) 338-4476. round. 841 Edmands Rd. (2 mi. west of Nobscot traffic PARK FOREST-Worship 10 am. (708) 748-2266. lights). Wheelchair Aocessible. (508) 877-1261. BRUNSWICK-Unprogrammed worship 10 am. 333 Maine QUINCY-Friends Hill Meeting. Unprogrammed worship St. 833-5016 or 725-8216. GREAT BARRINGTON-South Berkshire Meeting, Blodgett 10 a.m. 223-3902 or 222-6704 for location. House, Simon's Rock College, Alford Rd. Unprogrammed EAST VASSALSBORO.l.Jnprogrammed meeting for 10:30 am. Phone: (413) 528-1847 or (413) 243-1575. ROCKFORD-Meeting for worship, First Days, 10:30 am., worship 10 a.m. (9 am. summer). Childcare. Friends Friends House, 326 N. Avon. (815) 962-7373, 963-7448, or meetinghouse, China Road, George A. Ketler, clerk. MARTHA'S VINEYARD-Unprogrammed worship 964-()716. (207) 872-2615. 10:30 a.m. Hillside Village Community Center, Edgartown, URBANA-CHAMPAIGN-Meeting for worship 11 am. 714 Vineyard Haven Road, Vineyard Haven. Phone: MID-COAST AREA.l.Jnprogrammed meeting for worship, (508) 693-1834 or (508) 693-0512. W. Green St., Urbana. Phone: (217) 328-Q853 or 344-6510. First.OOy school, 10 a.m. at The Community Center, Business Route 1, Damariscotta. (207) 563-3464, or NORTH SHORE-Worship and First-

36 August 1995 FRIENDs JoURNAL Montana PLAINFIELD-Meeting for worship and First~y school FREDONIA-Unprogrammed meeting 10:30 a.m. Call: 10:00 a.m. Wednesday at 8:00 p.m. 225 Watchung Ave. at BILUNGS.Call: (406) 252-5065 or (406) 656-2163. (716) 672-4427 or (716) 672-4518. E. Third St. 757-5736. HELENA-call (406) 442-3058. HAMLTON-Meeting for worship 10 a.m. Upperville PRINCETON-Worship 9 and 11 a.m. First~y school Meetinghouse, Route 80, 3 miles west of Smyrna. Phone: MISSOULA-unprogrammed, Sundays, 11 a.m. winter, 10 11 a.m. Oct-May. Quaker Rd. near Mercer St. Jean Eastman, (607) 674-9044. a.m. summer. 1861 South 12th Street W. (406) 54~76. (609) 737-7142. HUDSON-Taghkanic-Hudson Friends Meeting. Nebraska QUAKERTOWN-Worship and First-

38 August 1995 FRIENDs JoURNAL ..

POTISTOWN-READING AREA-Exeter Meeting. Texas RICHMOND-Ashland Meeting. Worship 11 a.m. Children's Meetinghouse Rd. off 562, 1 and 6110 miles W. of 662 and First -Gravel Hill (915) 534.a203. Please leave a message. WILLIAMSBURG-Unprogrammed meeting for worship Ads. (215) 364.0581. FORT WORTH-Unprogrammed meeting at Wesley 4 p.m. Sundays, First-real Rd. (Rte. 126) at River Rd. (802) 223-6480 or Gilson, (802) 684-2261 . BELOIT-Unprogrammed worship 11 a.m. Sundays, WESTERLY-Unprogrammed worship and First-

ERIENDS JoURNAL August 1995 39