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Historic, Archaeological, and Cultural Resources

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Historic, Archaeological, and Cultural Resources Historic, Archaeological, and Cultural Resources APPENDIX G G.1 Section 106 Effects Assessment and Relevant Correspondence G.2 Phase IA Studies and Relevant Correspondence G.3 Draft Programmatic Agreement G.4 Historic Architectural Resources Background Study (HARBS) and Relevant Correspondence G.5 Project Initiation Letter (PIL) Relevant Correspondence G.6 Miscellaneous Correspondence PENN STATION ACCESS PROJECT: Environmental Assessment and Section 4(f) Evaluation May 2021 Penn Station Access Project: Environmental Assessment and Section 4(f) Evaluation Appendix G. Historic, Archaeological, and Cultural Resources G.2 PHASE IA STUDIES AND RELEVANT CORRESPONDENCE HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES INC. Phase IA Archaeological Documentary Study MTA Metro-North Penn Station Access Hunts Point Station Site, Bronx Bronx County, New York OPRHP No. 99PR03265 Phase IA Archaeological Documentary Study MTA Metro-North Penn Station Access Hunts Point Station Site, Bronx Bronx County, New York OPRHP No. 99 PR03265 Prepared For: Parsons Brinckerhoff One Penn Plaza New York, NY 10119-0061 and MTA Metro-North Railroad 347 Madison Avenue New York, NY 10017-3739 Prepared By: Historical Perspectives, Inc. P.O. Box 529 Westport, CT 06881 Authors: Faline Schneiderman, M.A., R.P.A. Christine Flaherty, M.A. June 2013 Phase IA Archaeological Study, Penn Station Access, Hunts Point Station MANAGEMENT SUMMARY SHPO Project Review Number (if available): 99PR03265 Involved State and Federal Agencies: Phase of Survey: Phase IA Archaeological Documentary Study Location Information Location: Block 2741, Lot 1 Minor Civil Division: 00501 County: Bronx Survey Area Length: varies Width: varies Number of Acres Surveyed: USGS 7.5 Minute Quadrangle Map: Central Park Archaeological Survey Overview Number & Interval of Shovel Tests: N/A Number & Size of Units: N/A Width of Plowed Strips: N/A Surface Survey Transect Interval: N/A Results of Archaeological Survey Number & name of precontact sites identified: None Number & name of historic sites identified: None Number & name of sites recommended for Phase II/Avoidance: None Report Authors(s): Faline Schneiderman, M.A., R.P.A., and Christine Flaherty, M.A., Historical Perspectives, Inc. Date of Report: June 2013 METRO-NORTH i PENN STATION ACCESS MIS/DEIS Phase IA Archaeological Study, Penn Station Access, Hunts Point Station EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Metro-North Railroad (Metro-North) is conducting a Major Investment Study/Draft Environmental Impact Statement (MIS/DEIS), to improve access to and from Pennsylvania Station, New York (Penn Station), and to destinations on the West Side of Manhattan. The Penn Station Access (PSA) MIS/DEIS examines the potential benefits, costs, and social, economic, and environmental impacts of reasonable and feasible alternatives for improving access to Penn Station to/from the Metro-North service area, including the options of connecting Metro-North’s Hudson, Harlem, and New Haven Line services to Penn Station. Metro-North’s Hudson, Harlem, and New Haven Lines currently terminate at Grand Central Terminal on the East Side of Manhattan. This MIS/DEIS is being conducted in accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969, as amended, and in conformance with Council on Environmental Quality Regulations (CEQR). As part of this MIS/DEIS, Historical Perspectives, Inc. has completed a separate Phase IA Archaeological Documentary Study for each of four potential new station sites on the New Haven Line. This documentary study addresses the archaeological potential of the Hunts Point Station site in the Bronx, New York. The Hunts Point Station site is located within the Amtrak Hell Gate Line right-of-way, immediately northeast and southwest of Hunts Point Avenue. The proposed station entails constructing a 15-foot wide platform in the middle of the existing track right-of-way, which lies below the surrounding grade. Construction would also entail building a pedestrian overpass from Hunts Point Avenue to the proposed platform. This Phase IA report 1) identifies areas of potential archaeological sensitivity that may be impacted by the PSA project, 2) assesses project impacts, and 3) provides recommendations for further research, where necessary. Potential resources are identified within the Area of Potential Effect (APE), which are defined as areas which may experience subsurface impacts as a result of station construction, utility installation, and similar actions associated with the project. To accomplish these goals, documentary sources were researched to determine possible precontact and historic era archaeological potential of the site. Evidence of prior disturbance was also established to determine site integrity and archaeological research potential. The documentary study found that the project site was extensively impacted, both vertically and horizontally, when the New York, New Haven, and Hartford Railroad line was originally regulated and opened. In areas south of the APE, fill was added to allow roads to pass over low lying land when the railroad was constructed. However, within the APE a cut was required for the rail line to pass through what was once a knoll. Hunts Point Avenue was reconstructed at grade above the railroad tracks. Therefore, what was the ground surface during the precontact and historic periods has been reduced in elevation by at least ten to twenty feet. Any potential resources that may have once existed on the knoll that once stood in the project site have since been removed, and thus the APE has no archaeological potential. No impacts to potential resources are anticipated and no additional research is recommended. METRO-NORTH ii PENN STATION ACCESS MIS/DEIS Phase IA Archaeological Study, Penn Station Access, Hunts Point Station TABLE OF CONTENTS MANAGEMENT SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................. i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................... ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................................................................... iii I. INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY ..........................................................................1 II. BACKGROUND RESEARCH.................................................................................................1 A. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING AND CURRENT CONDITIONS ...............................1 B. PRECONTACT POTENTIAL ..........................................................................................2 C. HISTORICAL POTENTIAL.............................................................................................3 D. PROPOSED PROJECT IMPACTS ..................................................................................4 III. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................................5 IV. REFERENCES ..........................................................................................................................6 FIGURES PHOTOGRAPHS METRO-NORTH iii PENN STATION ACCESS MIS/DEIS Phase IA Archaeological Study, Penn Station Access, Hunts Point Station LIST OF FIGURES 1. USGS Central Park, N.Y.-N.J. Quadrangle, 2013. Project Site Location. 2. Project Site Boundaries. Tax Map, 2013. 3. Atlas of Westchester County: West Farms and Morrisania. Beers, 1868. 4. Insurance Maps of the City of New York: Borough of the Bronx. Sanborn, 1951. METRO-NORTH iv PENN STATION ACCESS MIS/DEIS Phase IA Archaeological Study, Penn Station Access, Hunts Point Station LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS Photograph 1. Railroad cut through bedrock at proposed Hunts Point Avenue Station Site. Facing east. Photograph 2. Railroad cut through bedrock at proposed Hunts Point Avenue Station Site. Facing east. Photograph 3. Close-up of exposed bedrock cut and tracks at proposed Hunts Point Avenue Station Site. Facing east from west side of tracks. Photograph 4. Embankment that railroad right-of-way was cut through. Note higher elevation of surrounding terrain. Facing northeast from southwest side of tracks. Photograph 5. Railroad cut. Facing northeast from Bruckner Boulevard toward Faile Street overpass. Photograph 6. Rear of extant train station over railroad right-of-way. Note that the tracks are depressed below the station and surrounding terrain. Facing south. Photograph 7. Rear of extant Hunts Point Avenue train station with railroad tracks beneath the station. Facing south from Bruckner Expressway Ramp. METRO-NORTH v PENN STATION ACCESS MIS/DEIS Phase IA Archaeological Study, Penn Station Access, Hunts Point Station I. INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY Metro-North Railroad (Metro-North) is conducting a Major Investment Study/Draft Environmental Impact Statement (MIS/DEIS), to improve access to and from Pennsylvania Station, New York (Penn Station), and to destinations on the West Side of Manhattan. The Penn Station Access (PSA) MIS/DEIS examines the potential benefits, costs, and social, economic, and environmental impacts of reasonable and feasible alternatives for improving access to Penn Station to/from the Metro-North service area, including the options of connecting Metro-North’s Hudson, Harlem, and New Haven Line services to Penn Station. Metro-North’s Hudson, Harlem, and New Haven Lines currently terminate at Grand Central Terminal on the East Side of Manhattan. This MIS/DEIS is being conducted in accordance with the National Environmental
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