THE ITALIAN ARMED FORCES IN A REVOLUTIONARY ERA: “TRANSFORMING WHILE OPERATING”
1 EEVVOOLLUUTTIIOONN –– RREEVVOOLLUUTTIIOONN
Key events transform evolution into revolution
2 TTHHEE CCAAUUSSEESS OOFF TTHHEE CCUURRRREENNTT RREEVVOOLLUUTTIIOONN -- 11
• Increasing gap between the developed and the underdeveloped world
• Loss of fundamental values
3 TTHHEE CCAAUUSSEESS OOFF TTHHEE CCUURRRREENNTT RREEVVOOLLUUTTIIOONN -- 22
• Digital divide
• Information Technology explosion
4 TTHHEE CCAAUUSSEESS OOFF TTHHEE CCUURRRREENNTT RREEVVOOLLUUTTIIOONN -- 33
• Globalisation
5 TTHHEE CCAAUUSSEESS OOFF TTHHEE CCUURRRREENNTT RREEVVOOLLUUTTIIOONN -- 44
Loss of sovereignty
Moving towards wider Decay of state and differentiated supra- capabilities to handle nation-aggregations (UN, citizens’ lives as well as EU, NATO, ASEAN inter-state relations MERCOSUR, NAFTA) (“bad governance” and failing states)
6 THE GLOBALISED CORE AND THE DISCONNECTED GAP
7 TTHHEE RREEVVOOLLUUTTIIOONN OOFF TTHHEE SSEECCUURRIITTYY SSCCEENNAARRIIOO
Crises occurring in the interaction area between the globalised core and the disconnected gap
8 SSTTRRAATTEEGGIICC TTRREENNDDSS
Resources
Social Military Defence & Security Implications
Science & Political technology
9 WORLD AREAS OF FUTURE POTENTIAL STRESS
Riparian areas risks Water shortage Demographic stress Scarcity of food resources 10 CCUURRRREENNTT RREEVVOOLLUUTTIIOONN && TTRREENNDDSS CCOONNCCEEPPTTUUAALL RREESSPPOONNSSEE
• Increasing importance of the International Organisations • Security = internal & external «continuum» • Holistic approach = Multilateralism + Continuum
11 CCUURRRREENNTT RREEVVOOLLUUTTIIOONN && TTRREENNDDSS TTHHEE SSTTRRAATTEEGGYY
Pro-active attitude
Multilateral and multidisciplinary stabilising action & cooperation towards the disconnected gap Synergy between the political, diplomatic, social-economic initiatives supported, when and as necessary, by the military component
Transforming the tools at our disposal in order to optimise their use and effect
12 CCUURRRREENNTT RREEVVOOLLUUTTIIOONN && TTRREENNDDSS TTHHEE NNEEWW MMIILLIITTAARRYY AAPPPPRROOAACCHH
Effect EBO Based Operations soldier (EBO)
Cultural revolution
13 IITTAALLIIAANN AARRMMEEDD FFOORRCCEESS FFAACCIINNGG TTHHEE CCUURRRREENNTT RREEVVOOLLUUTTIIOONN && TTRREENNDDSS
“Transforming while operating”
14 ““TTRRAANNSSFFOORRMMIINNGG WWHHIILLEE OOPPEERRAATTIINNGG””
•The operational commitments are the catalysts of the transformation •“Operations and transformation” are cause-effect linked in the development process of the future military instrument •Transformation is a vital process for the Italian Armed Forces’ future
15 “OPERATING” CURRENT COMMITMENTS
• Daily average of 8.000 personnel deployed in overseas missions with peaks of more than 11.500 in the recent past • One of the major troops contributor for the UN, EU, NATO and multinational operations • As a consequence of our relevant effort Italian Officers and Italian-led HQ have been and are currently leading international missions
16 CURRENT COMMITMENTS: SUPPORTING STABILISING ACTION
JOINT ENTERPRISE NATO HQ UE ALTHEA NATO HQ NATO ISAF KOSOVO SKOPIE BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA SARAJEVO AFGHANISTAN
ALBANIA 2 UNMOGIP ALBANIA INDIA-PAKISTAN
DIE ALBANIA UNIFIL LEBANON NATO HQ TIRANA NTM (I) BAGHDAD UNMIK KOSOVO EUBAM EUPM GAZA BOSNIA UNTSO MINURSO MIDDLE EAST MOROCCO TIPH 2 EUPOL PALESTINE CONGO
ACTIVE ENDEAVOUR MIATM AMIS MFO UNFICYP MEDITERRANEAN SEA MALTA SUDAN EGYPT CYPRU1S7 OPERATIONAL COMMITMENTS CONCLUDED IN THE RECENT PAST
18 BBAALLKKAANNSS AANNDD MMEEDDIITTEERRRRAANNEEAANN ““CCLLOOSSEERR AARREEAA””
Strong contribution to: • multinational missions (UN, EU, NATO) for post-crisis reconstruction and peace-keeping • increase of cooperation initiatives mainly on multilateral basis
19 CURRENT COMMITMENTS MIDDLE EAST - LEBANON
• Achievement of UN Res.1701’s goals • Italian Commander of UNIFIL • Pozzuolo B.de currently committed in the AOO to support Lebanese armed forces will handover to Folgore B.de • Interim Maritime Force in the initial stage
~~22..550000 20 CURRENT COMMITMENTS RAFAH
Italian leadership and contribution to the EU mission to monitor the Rafah border.
21 CURRENT COMMITMENTS MIDDLE EAST
UNFICYP CYPRUS
UNTSO EGYPT, ISRAEL, LEBANON, SYRIA
MFO EGYPT TIPH 2 PALESTINE
22 CCUURRRREENNTT CCOOMMMMIITTMMEENNTTSS BBAALLKKAANNSS EEUU M MOONNITITOORRININGG MMISISSSIOIONN NNAATTOO KKFFOORR EEUUFFOORR
EEUU P POOLLICICEE MMISISSSIOIONN
Pristina KOSOVO
NNAATTOO H HQQ SSaarraajejevvoo
- NATO HQ Tirana - NATO HQ Tirana - NATO HQ Skopje -- 2288°°NNaavvaall GGrr.. - NATO HQ Skopje -- DDIIEE TTIIRRAANNAA --EEUU P PRROOXXIMIMAA 33..110000 23 CURRENT COMMITMENTS NATO “ACTIVE ENDEAVOUR”
NATO MARITIME COMPONENT COMMANDER NEAPLES
Maritime operations to prevent or counter terrorism coming from or conducted at sea and all illegality possibly connected 24 IINNTTEERRNNAATTIIOONNAALL CCOOOOPPEERRAATTIIOONN IINN TTHHEE EENNLLAARRGGEEDD MMEEDDIITTEERRRRAANNEEAANN RREEGGIIOONN
Support to: •NATO PfP and Mediterranean Dialogue Initiatives •EU Barcelona Process
25 VV--RRMMTTCC VVIIRRTTUUAALL RREEGGIIOONNAALL MMAARRIITTIIMMEE TTRRAAFFFFIICC CCEENNTTEERR
MMAARRIITTIIMMEE SSEECCUURRIITTYY IINN TTHHEE MMEEDDIITTEERRRRAANNEEAANN AANNDD IINN TTHHEE BBLLAACCKK SSEEAA IINNIITTIIAATTIIVVEE • Network linking together the Navies’ operational centres in order to allow the exchange of information about the merchant traffic for the maritime security • CINCNAV acting as the information collection and distribution centre • 15 participating countries
26 TTEECCHHNNIICCAALL AASSSSIISSTTAANNCCEE AANNDD CCOOOOPPEERRAATTIIOONN MMIISSSSIIOONNSS
ALBANIA • Technical assistance mission – Tirana • 28° Naval Group - Durres ~70
MALTA • Technical assistance mission ~40
27 ““FFAARRTTHHEERR AARREEAA””
Strong contribution to: • multinational operations • transition to post-crisis reconstruction activities
Strengthening cooperation principally on a bilateral basis
28 CCUURRRREENNTT CCOOMMMMIITTMMEENNTTSS AAFFGGHHAANNIISSTTAANN
~2.100
Karshi Khanabad
BADAKHSHAN STASGhirEKha n1 Keleft Balkh Jeyretan BALKH KKUUNNDDUUZZ FFEEYYZZAABBAAEDsDhkashem JOWZJAN Taloqan TAKHAR MAZAMRaz-Ear-e Konduz MSaAr-e ZPoAl R-E Baghlan STAGE 2 ShaSraimfangan SSHHAARRIIFFSAMANGAN MMAAiiMMAANNAA SAR-E POL Pol-BBe KAAhoGGmrHHi LLAANN ARYAB F BAGPHLaArNwan KONAR Qal eh-ye Now LAGHMAN QQAALBLAAADG--HEEIS--NNAAWW Bamyan KEPIGA BBAAMMIIAANN Charikar Bagram Asadabad CHANGHCHARAN PARVAN Herat ChaghcChHaAraNnGHCHARAN PPAARRWWAANN KabKualbul AASSAADDAABBAADD VARDAK LOWGAR HERT HHEERRAATT GHOWR JJAALLAALLAABBAADD Baraki ORUZGAN ‹ BG, Support Unit & Air Shindand STAGE 4 Baghran FFAARRAAHH GHAZNI Farah Deh Rawod GHAZNI OrgunKK-HeHOOWWSSTT component in Kabul SSHHAARRAANNAA PAKTIKA ZABOL GGAARRShDDkEEinZZ
‹ Delaram Regional Commander TGTaAArmRRabIaINkN KKOOWWTT Geresk QALAT HGELMeArNeDsk QALAT NATO PRTs West Area Zaranj KKAANNDDAAHHAARR LASHKAR GAHKANDAHASRpin Boldak ‹ Herat PRT NIMRUZ LASHKAR GAH Coalition PRTs/FSB HHEELLMMAANNDD Current PRTs ‹ FSB contribution FSB STAGE 3 Jacobabad 29 Shamsi NNAATTOO TTRRAAIINNIINNGG MMIISSSSIIOONN IIRRAAQQ
• Iraqi Security Forces training program
• Possible future training initiative for civilian police
~3300
30 CCUURRRREENNTT CCOOMMMMIITTMMEENNTTSS IINN AAFFRRIICCAA
MINURSO AMIS EU supporting action Western Sahara Darfur Sudan
EUPOL KINSHASA Congo
31 AAIIRRLLIIFFTT SSUUPPPPOORRTT FFOORR EEXXPPEEDDIITTIIOONNAARRYY OOPPEERRAATTIIOONNSS
Kabul 3-4 h 6-7 h
4-5 h
46th Air Detachment Al Bateen – Abu Dhabi 32 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
Co-operation agreements signed with 61 Countries
33 ““TTRRAANNSSFFOORRMMIINNGG””
• The current Italian Armed Forces capabilities are a consequence of the transformation started in the recent past and that has involved all sectors • The revolution of the security scenarios and the foreseeable trends calls for an acceleration of the transformation
34 TRANSFORMATION’S GOALS ACHIEVED
• Reform of the military leadership • Joint Operational structures (HQ EU capable, Intelligence Centre and Special Operations HQ) • Availability of expeditionary command structures and task forces for NATO and EU rapid reaction forces • Fully professional Armed Forces • Reform of the Carabinieri • European Gendarmerie Force (FR, IT, NL, PO, SP)
35 TRANSFORMATION: KEY OPERATIONAL CAPABILITIES
• Expeditionary
• Interoperability (joint and combined)
• Logistic sustainability
• C4-ISTAR in net-centric environment
• Availability of high-readiness JFHQ and forces
• Usability
• Precision and lethality of engagement
• Survivability and force protection
36 TTHHEE KKEEYY RROOLLEE OOFF TTHHEE HHIIGGHH RREEAADDIINNEESSSS FFOORRCCEESS
• Strong indicator of the level of multinational integration and interoperability we have reached • Fundamental to the effective multinational approach at the military operational level
37 CONTRIBUTION TO NATO NRF
• Deployable Headquarters • Land Forces: up to 1 Brigade including CS and CSS • Maritime Forces: up to 1 CV, 6 units and LF Bn • Air Forces: up to 15 aircraft plus Air Defence and Logistic assets • MSU: up to 1 Bn HQ and 2 Coys • Special Forces Teams
38 CONTRIBUTION TO EUROPEAN MULTINATIONAL FORCES
EU RAPID REACTION FORCES • 3 Battle Groups: - National Land Heavy - Multinational Land Heavy (MLF framework with Hungary and Slovenia) - Multinational Amphibious (Spanish Italian Amphibious Force framework plus Portugal and Greece)
• COI as Operational Headquarters
EUROPEAN MULTINATIONAL FORCES • EUROFOR & EUROMARFOR (with FR, PO and SP) • EUROGENDFOR (with FR, NL, PO and SP)
39 CLOSING REMARKS
• … ambitious but vital transformation • ... coherent with multinational (NATO and EU) developments • ... while sustaining operational commitments
40 41 CCOONNCCLLUUDDEEDD CCOOMMMMIITTMMEENNTTSS IIRRAAQQ
• Mission concluded with the handover of security responsibilities of the Dhi Qar Province to Iraqi National Authorities
42 CCOONNCCLLUUDDEEDD CCOOMMMMIITTMMEENNTTSS CCOONNGGOO
~ 6655 EEUUFFOORR RRDD CCOONNGGOO
On call force
• EU mission • Tasks: - support the UN MONUC mission - civilian population protection - limited operations for personnel extraction
HQ EUFOR RD CONGO 43 CONCLUDED COMMITMENTS PAKISTAN
• Early phase: two C 130 • Second phase : engineers task force in Bagh to rebuild basic infrastructures (roads, water supply, etc..)
225555 44 CONCLUDED COMMITMENTS SUDAN
~ 225500
• UN HQ protection
• Rapid Reaction Force for the Khartoum area
• Mission ended 21 Dec 05
45