The E8's Sustainable Energy Projects and Human Capacity Building
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Renewable Energy Resorces for Climate Change Mitigation
Raghuvanshi et al.: Renewable energy resources for climate change mitigation - 15 - RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES FOR CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION S.P. RAGHUVANSHI * – A.K. RAGHAV – A. CHANDRA Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India. (phone : +91-11-26591227) *Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] (Received 13rd November 2006 ; accepted 4 th July 2007) Abstract. Climate change has been identified as one of the greatest challenge by all the nations, government, business and citizens of the globe. The threats of climate change on our green planet ‘Earth’ demands that renewable energy share in the total energy generation and consumption should be substantially increased as a matter of urgency. India’s energy development programme has been put under severe pressure with the ever-increasing demand supply gap. Due to predominance of fossil fuels in the generation mix, there are large negative environmental externalities caused by electricity generation. So it has become imperative to develop and promote alternative energy sources that can lead to sustainability of energy and environment system. Renewable electricity has become synonymous with CO2 reduction. Present communication provides a brief description about such alternative and sustained energy sources, i.e., renewable energy resources, their potential and achievements in India. Also role as important tool for climate change mitigation . Keywords: Renewable energy, GHGs, Climate change, Carbon dioxide, mitigation Introduction Climate change has implications for both human and natural systems and could lead to significant changes in resource use production and economic activity. In response to the impact and possible affects of climate change international, regional, national and local initiatives are being developed and implemented to limit and mitigate GHGs concentration in the Earth’s atmosphere. -
National Policies and the Role of Communities, Cities and Regions
CLIMATE CHANGE AND RENEWABLE ENERGY NATIONAL POLICIES AND THE ROLE OF COMMUNITIES, CITIES AND REGIONS A report from the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) to the G20 Climate Sustainability Working Group (CSWG) JUNE 2019 © IRENA 2019 Unless otherwise stated, material in this publication may be freely used, shared, copied, reproduced, printed and/or stored, provided that appropriate acknowledgement is given to IRENA as the source and copyright holder. Material in this publication that is attributed to third parties may be subject to separate terms of use and restrictions, and appropriate permissions from these third parties may need to be secured before any use of such material. ISBN: 978-92-9260-136-2 Citation: IRENA (2019), Climate Change and Renewable Energy: National policies and the role of communities, cities and regions (Report to the G20 Climate Sustainability Working Group (CSWG)), International Renewable Energy Agency, Abu Dhabi. About IRENA The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) is an intergovernmental organisation that supports countries in their transition to a sustainable energy future and serves as the principal platform for international co-operation, a centre of excellence, and a repository of policy, technology, resource and financial knowledge on renewable energy. IRENA promotes the widespread adoption and sustainable use of all forms of renewable energy, including bioenergy, geothermal, hydropower, ocean, solar and wind energy, in the pursuit of sustainable development, energy access, energy security and low-carbon economic growth and prosperity. www.irena.org Acknowledgements G20 Climate Sustainability Working Group members provided valuable comments and suggestions on this study. The report was prepared by Elisa Asmelash and Ricardo Gorini. -
Sustainable Energy @ UNECE Securing Affordable and Sustainable Energy Supply
UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE Sustainable Energy @ UNECE Securing Affordable and Sustainable Energy Supply UNECE UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE SUSTAINABLE ENERGY @ UNECE SECURING AFFORDABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUPPLY GENEVA, 2015 Sustainable energy is the linchpin of the Global Goals UNECE’s work in energy falls into three broad categories: reconciling the reality of fossil fuels’ enduring share of the energy mix with the need to address climate change, enhancing integration of energy markets in the region, and facilitating the transition to a sustainable energy system. On 25 September 2015 the United Nations General Assembly adopted a set of Global Goals for sustainable development. The Global Goals aim to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure prosperity for all as part of a new sustainable development agenda. Goal 7, "Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all", is the principal framework for UNECE's action in sustainable energy: By 2030, ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services By 2030, increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix By 2030, double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology By 2030, expand infrastructure and upgrade technology for supplying modern and sustainable energy services for all in developing countries, in particular least developed countries, small island developing States, and land-locked developing 2 countries, in accordance with their respective programmes of support Without sustainable energy, virtually none of the 17 Global Goals would be achievable – it is the golden thread that runs through them. -
Climate Change, Global Warming
XXI World Energy Congress, Montreal, 12-16 September 2010 ENERGY SUPPLY OPTIONS FOR CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Flavio Dobran Hofstra University, Department of Engineering Hempstead, NY 11549 NYS Department of Environmental Conservation Stony Brook, NY 11790 [email protected] Abstract Modern society is dependent on fossil fuels for its energy needs, but their combustion produces emissions of greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming. If these emissions remain unconstrained they risk producing significant impacts on humanity and ecosystems. Replacement of fossil fuels with alternative energy sources can stabilize anthropogenic global warming and thus reduce the climate change impacts. The deployment of alternative energy supply technologies should be based on objectives that are consistent with sustainability indicators and incorporate quantitative risk assessment multiattribute utility decision methodologies capable of ascertaining effective future energy supply options. Keywords: energy, climate change, sustainable development 1. Energy Consumption Effects on Climate Change The Industrial Revolution began in the mid eighteen century and brought unprecedented prosperity to the masses and the world population increased from half a billion people to 6.3 billion people today. This Revolution was possible because of cheap fossil energy fuels (coal, oil, gas) which substituted low power labor with high power machines. Over 400 Gtoe of energy has been used since and over 1000 GtCO2e of greenhouse gases (GHGs) has been produced and emitted into the atmosphere where they have increased the average surface temperature of the Earth by about 1ºC (1-3). About 40 GtCO2e of GHGs are currently being emitted every year (2) and this number is steadily increasing as some developing countries (China and India) are rapidly industrializing. -
Bioliquids and Their Use in Power Generation Â
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 129 (2020) 109930 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/rser Bioliquids and their use in power generation – A technology review T. Seljak a, M. Buffi b,c, A. Valera-Medina d, C.T. Chong e, D. Chiaramonti f, T. Katra�snik a,* a University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, A�sker�ceva Cesta 6, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia b RE-CORD, Viale Kennedy 182, 50038, Scarperia e San Piero, Italy c University of Florence, Industrial Engineering Department, Viale Morgagni 40, 50134, Firenze, Italy d Cardiff University College of Physical Sciences and Engineering, CF234AA, Cardiff, UK e China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Lingang, Shanghai, 201306, China f University of Turin, Department of Energy "Galileo Ferraris", Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: The first EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED) served as an effective push for world-wide research efforts on Bioliquids biofuels and bioliquids, i.e. liquid fuels for energy purposes other than for transport, including electricity, Micro gas turbine heating, and cooling, which are produced from biomass. In December 2018 the new RED II was published in the Internal combustion engine OfficialJournal of the European Union. Therefore, it is now the right time to provide a comprehensive overview Power generation of achievements and practices that were developed within the current perspective. To comply with this objective, Renewable energy directive Biofuels the present study focuses on a comprehensive and systematic technical evaluation of all key aspects of the different distributed energy generation pathways using bioliquids in reciprocating engines and micro gas tur bines that were overseen by these EU actions. -
Pathways to Sustainable Energy Accelerating Energy Transition in the UNECE Region
UNEC E Pathways to Sustainable Energy Accelerating Energy Transition in the UNECE Region Energy underpins economic development and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and has a critical role to play in climate change mitigation. The recognition of the role that energy plays in modern society is highly signicant, however, there remains an important disconnection between agreed energy and climate targets and the Pathways to Sustainable Energy • Accelerating Transition in the UNECE Region approaches in place today to achieve them. Only international cooperation and innovation can deliver the accelerated and more ambitious strategies. Policies will be needed to ll the persistent gaps to achieve the 2030 Agenda. If the gaps are not addressed urgently, progressively more drastic and expensive measures will be required to avoid extreme and potentially unrecoverable social impacts as countries try to cope with climate change. This report uniquely focuses on sustainable energy in the UNECE region up to 2050 as regional economic cooperation is an important factor in achieving sustainable energy. Arriving at a state of attaining sustainable energy is a complex social, political, economic and technological challenge. The UNECE countries have not agreed on how collectively they will achieve energy for sustainable development. Given the role of the UNECE to promote economic cooperation it is important to explore the implications of dierent sustainable energy pathways and for countries to work together on developing and deploying policies and measures. Pathways to Sustainable Energy Accelerating Energy Transition in the UNECE Region 67UNECE Energy Series UNIT Palais des Nations CH - 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland E Telephone: +41(0)22 917 12 34 D E-mail: [email protected] N A Website: www.unece.org TION S UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE Pathways to Sustainable Energy - Accelerating Energy Transition in the UNECE Region ECE ENERGY SERIES No. -
Sustainable Energy in Puerto Rico
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY IN PUERTO RICO José A. Colucci-Ríos1, Ph.D., P.E. Efraín O’Neill-Carrillo2, Ph.D., P.E. Agustín Irizarry-Rivera3, Ph.D., P.E. Abstract This paper gives an overview of the most mature Renewable Energy technologiesfocusing on their potential implementa- tion in Puerto Rico. It includes social, technical and economic criteria. In the latter, capital, operating costs and foot print were considered. Also sensitivity analyses were performed regarding the energy generation potential of these processes. The technologies included were photovoltaic, wind energy, fuel cells, concentrated solar power and solar thermal water heating. Other medium/long term ocean energy technologies were also discussed, including tide, waves and ocean thermal. The area of transportation fuels (gasoline and diesel) was also discussed. The last section also presents an implementation plan for these processes including UPRM capabilities and potential role in this Puerto Rican SAGA (Sol, Aire, Gente y Agua). Keywords : Renewable energy, Puerto Rico, photovoltaic energy, wind energy, fuel cells, solar power, transportation fuels, and solar thermal water heating Revista de Administración Pública (ISSN 0034-7620) 67 Vol. 39, Núm. 2 (Julio - Diciembre 2006), pp. 67-86. 68 Colucci, O’Neill, IriZarrY Introduction During the last 15 years, a renewed interest and growth in renew- able energy (RE) processes emerged. It was driven by strong envi- ronmental movements, oil dependence/depletion concerns, and lately national security concerns. Several RE technologies such as wind and niche photovoltaic are currently very competitive in certain applications versus their oil counterparts, especially in Europe and some locations in the mainland United States. -
Enabling Frameworks for Sustainable Energy Transition’, Commonwealth Sustainable Energy Transition Series 2021/03, Commonwealth Secretariat, London
2021/03 COMMONWEALTH SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TRANSITION SERIES SUSTAINABLE Enabling Frameworks ENERGYfor Sustainable Energy TRANSITION Transition SERIESAnthony Polack Commonwealth Sustainable Energy Transition Series 2021/03 ISSN 2413-3175 © Commonwealth Secretariat 2021 By Anthony Polack. Please cite this paper as: Polack, A (2021), ‘Enabling Frameworks for Sustainable Energy Transition’, Commonwealth Sustainable Energy Transition Series 2021/03, Commonwealth Secretariat, London. Anthony Polack has over 15 years’ professional experience in the energy and climate change sectors, having worked for the United Nations (UNDP, UNEP, UNFCCC), Commonwealth Secretariat, Pacific Community (SPC), German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ), and the Australian, British, Fijian, Vanuatu and Palauan governments. He is a Certified Expert in Climate and Renewable Energy Finance. Thanks and appreciation goes to Laurence Delina, Assistant Professor in the Division of Environment and Sustainability at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, for his external peer review. The Commonwealth Sustainable Energy Transition (CSET) Agenda encourages and promotes collaboration amongst Commonwealth member countries in the transition to sustainable energy systems and action towards achievement of the SDGs. It builds on the recognition at CHOGM 2018 of the critical importance of sustainable energy to economic development and the imperative to transition to cleaner forms of energy in view of commitments by member countries under the Paris Agreement. It is anchored on the following three key pillars drawn from the agreed outcomes of the inaugural CSET Forum in June 2019 and leverages existing programmes of the Commonwealth Secretariat: • Inclusive Transitions: advocating equitable and inclusive measures for energy transitions that recognise and address impacts on economies, communities and industries. -
Energy Intensity and Human Mobility After the Anthropocene
sustainability Article Energy Intensity and Human Mobility after the Anthropocene J. Mohorˇcich Lehman College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10017, USA; [email protected] Received: 31 January 2020; Accepted: 12 March 2020; Published: 18 March 2020 Abstract: After the Anthropocene, human settlements will likely have less available energy to move people and things. This paper considers the feasibility of five modes of transportation under two energy-constrained scenarios. It analyzes the effects transportation mode choice is likely to have on the size of post-Anthropocene human settlements, as well as the role speed and energy play in such considerations. I find that cars, including battery-electric cars, are not feasible under a highly energy-constrained scenario, that buses, metros, and walking are feasible but will limit human settlement size, and that cycling is likely the only mode of transportation that would make suburbs possible in an energy-constrained post-Anthropocene scenario. Keywords: energy; transportation; mobility; energy intensity; Anthropocene; cities Past a certain threshold of energy consumption, the transportation industry dictates the configuration of social space. —Ivan Illich, Energy and Equity 1. Introduction People living after the epoch of human dominance will likely control a smaller fraction of the Earth’s surface area, its material resources, and the other animals on and in it than they do today [1,2]. As a result, they will have less control over the energy flows and stocks on and in Earth, and thus less available energy with which to move and make things. One characteristic of the current organization of life on Earth is that human beings, in large part because of their exclusive access to underground reserves of fossil fuels and their control of the Earth’s surface area, material, and other animals, direct a large amount of the energy flows on and inside the planet. -
The Sustainability Principle in Sustainable Energy
Tulsa Law Review Volume 44 Issue 1 Environmental Sustainability Fall 2008 The Sustainability Principle in Sustainable Energy Irma S. Russell Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.utulsa.edu/tlr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Irma S. Russell, The Sustainability Principle in Sustainable Energy, 44 Tulsa L. Rev. 121 (2013). Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.utulsa.edu/tlr/vol44/iss1/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by TU Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Tulsa Law Review by an authorized editor of TU Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Russell: The Sustainability Principle in Sustainable Energy THE SUSTAINABILITY PRINCIPLE IN SUSTAINABLE ENERGY Irma S. Russell* I. INTRODUCTION Sustainable energy is at the center of any discussion of the "sustainable development"-both from the economic perspective and from the larger perspective of society's interest in continued survival. Energy is crucial to all aspects of the economy, and energy production and use are central to the issue of global climate change. Reliable energy has always been recognized as the backbone of the economic activity. In addition to powering the world economy, energy and control of energy resources influence government. 1 The continued existence of civilization, including the continued existence of the species Homo sapiens, is an implicit goal of any kind of "sustainable development." Thus, instrumental goals of reliable and sustainable energy are inextricably linked to each other and to the public interest, making it difficult to overstate the importance of these topics. -
THE STATUS and DISTRIBUTION of Freshwater Biodiversity in Madagascar and the Indian Ocean Islands Hotspot
THE THE STATUs aNd dISTRIBUtION OF STAT U Freshwater biodIversIty in MadagasCar s a N aNd the INdIaN OCeaN IslaNds hOtspOt d d I STR Edited by Laura Máiz-Tomé, Catherine Sayer and William Darwall IUCN Freshwater Biodiversity Unit, Global Species Programme IBU t ION OF F OF ION RESHWATER N ds a BIO I N d I ar ar VERS d C N I TY IN IN sla Madagas I N C ar a ar N ea d the I the d d the I the d C N N d Madagas a O I a N O C ea N I sla N IUCN h ds Rue Mauverney 28 CH-1196 Gland O Switzerland tsp Tel: + 41 22 999 0000 Fax: + 41 22 999 0015 O www.iucn.org/redlist t the IUCN red list of threatened speciestM www.iucnredlist.org THE STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION OF freshwater biodiversity in Madagascar and the Indian Ocean islands hotspot Edited by Laura Máiz-Tomé, Catherine Sayer and William Darwall IUCN Freshwater Biodiversity Unit, Global Species Programme The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN, or other participating organisations. This publication has been made possible by funding from The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund. Published by: IUCN Cambridge, UK in collaboration with IUCN Gland, Switzerland Copyright: © 2018 IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorised without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. -
Champon Vanilla, Inc. 4521 PGA Blvd
Champon Vanilla Specializing in Vanilla Beans • Vanilla Products • Flavor & Fragrance Ingredients Madagascar hit by another devastating cyclone dpa German Press Agency Published: Friday March 16, 2007 Antananarivo- Rain- and wind-battered Madagascar off the east coast of Africa was on Friday experiencing its fourth heavy cyclone in recent months. Cyclone Indlala that hit land in the tropical island on Thursday, continued to rage over its vanilla plantations on Friday. The cities of Sambava, Antalaha and Maroantsetra in the north, flooding large areas and leaving inhabitants without telephone links. Antalaha, the centre of vanilla production, already hard-hit by earlier devastating cyclones, has lost an estimated 90 per cent of its crops. The cyclone, that featured strong winds, also caused damage to police buildings and the those of the aid agency, Care International in Antalaha. Germany on Friday made available 22,000 euros for victims of the extreme weather amid appeals from aid agencies for international assistance for tens of thousands of islanders affected by cyclones. In Maroantsetra heavy winds ripped away part if the roof of a prison and damaged the power supply late Thursday. Ten prisoners saw an opportunity and fled into the night, but three were rearrested. Three cyclones in recent weeks have left approximately 45,000 people displaced, an estimated 18,000 in the capital Antananarivo. At least seven people have been reported killed as a result of the weather. The Malagasy government declared a state of emergency and asked the international community for assistance for the impoverished country that has already lost most of its rice harvest and flooded around 85,000 hectares of cultivated land.