The Last Frontier
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Memoria Antártica Nacional Campaña Antártica 2014-2015 Santiago Diciembre De 2015 Presentación Del Ministro De Relaciones Exteriores
Memoria Antártica Nacional Campaña Antártica 2014-2015 Santiago Diciembre de 2015 Presentación del Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores Sr. Heraldo Muñoz Valenzuela El 16 de diciembre de 2014, el Consejo de Política Antártica, que tengo el honor de presidir, reunido en Punta Arenas, entregó un mandato a las instituciones antárticas nacionales para la elaboración de una Memoria Antártica Nacional. El documento que presentamos, compilación inédita de las tareas que se desarrollan anualmente en ese continente, da cumplimiento a dicho mandato. El quehacer antártico nacional involucra a un amplio espectro de instituciones, las que destinan personas y recursos a la ejecución de las tareas que nuestra legislación les confiere. Cada una de estas entidades cumple un papel fundamental en el logro de los objetivos establecidos en la Política Antártica Nacional, documento rector de nuestros trabajos. El Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, en su rol de coordinador de la Política Antártica Nacional, ha enfatizado la difusión hacia la ciudadanía de la labor que las instituciones nacionales realizan en ese continente. Junto con describir de manera general las perspectivas que se abren para los intereses nacionales en este ámbito, este documento resalta los profundos vínculos históricos, geográficos y políticos que desde los inicios de nuestra historia patria nos unen con la Antártica. Al presentar esta primera Memoria Anual, es oportuno recordar el destacado papel de Chile durante las negociaciones del Tratado Antártico, instrumento internacional que cumplirá 55 años de vigencia en 2016, a través de sus delegados Marcial Mora, Enrique Gallardo y Julio Escudero; así como durante la evolución de las cuestiones antárticas en el ámbito multilateral, gracias a figuras como Oscar Pinochet de la Barra y Jorge Berguño. -
Chile En La Antártica
MAGÍSTER EN POLÍTICA EXTERIOR CHILE EN LA ANTÁRTICA: NUEVOS DESAFÍOS Y PERSPECTIVAS CHILE José Javier Gorostegui Obanoz - Rodrigo Waghorn Gallegos El programa es impartido por el Instituto de Estudios Avanzados y el Departamento de EN LA Abordando aspectos específicos sobre la acción de nuestro país en el banoz Historia de la Facultad de Humanidades de continente antártico, las dos investigaciones aquí reunidas confieren una O la USACH y busca preparar especialistas excelente oportunidad para apreciar y analizar con detenimiento los elementos con enfoque interdisciplinario en el área que caracterizan la política antártica nacional, así como sus potencialidades y ANTÁRTICA de relaciones internacionales con la idea desafíos en el ámbito político, geográfico y jurídico. Mientras, por una parte, de formular propuestas concretas en José Javier Gorostegui nos plantea el terreno de la aplicación del Derecho del materia de política exterior. Con los años, Nuevos Desafíos Mar y sus implicancias para los intereses y derechos antárticos considerando este programa se ha constituido en un a distintos actores, por otra, Rodrigo Waghorn nos detalla y contextualiza y Perspectivas referente de excelencia en la investigación la amplia estructura organizacional y de gestión pública que implica una y posgrado en Ciencias Sociales y, en permanente renovación de ideas y objetivos para la presencia efectiva de particular, en los estudios internacionales. Los autores en La Haya, 2012 Chile en la Antártica. Gallegos Rodrigo Waghorn Este programa cuenta con el -
Antártica Chilena Province Magallanes and Antártica Chilena Region
ANTÁRTICA CHILENA PROVINCE Magallanes and AntÁrtica Chilena Region Antártica AN ANTARCTICA BIOLOGICAL WITH FORESTS? DIVERSITY The last continent on Earth to be destinations, with landmarks such For most of its history, Antarctica was Thanks to complex interactions, the discovered. as the Russian Orthodox Church of a green continent, full of life, similar vast majority of animal and plant the Holy Trinity and the Monument to what one sees today in southern species are only able to survive on The Antártica Chilena is located about to the Antarctic Treaty. Chile. Warm temperatures were the edges of the southern continent, 1,000 km south of Punta Arenas and BASES FOR AN ICY CONTINENT. the result of a natural greenhouse where they have access to ice-free covers an area of 1,250,000 km², with The differing purposes and needs of phenomenon. However, about 28 land, the nutrients provided by the a very fragmented coastline. Chilean researchers and visitors mean that million years ago, the continent sea, and access to migration routes OTHER DOLPHINS. Hourglass sovereignty in Antarctica is ensured each base established in Antarctica began to become isolated and cool to warmer areas. As a result, many of dolphin, southern right whale by the existence of numerous bases has unique sizes and characteristics, down. First, in the inner mountains, these organisms coexist in relatively dolphin, spectacled porpoise, and shelters, where families are both in terms of infrastructure and then in the valleys and coasts, until small spaces, which sometimes sperm whale, and beaked whales. dedicated to scientific research live. accommodation and in terms of the trees could no longer survive. -
JOURNAL Number Six
THE JAMES CAIRD SOCIETY JOURNAL Number Six Antarctic Exploration Sir Ernest Shackleton MARCH 2012 1 Shackleton and a friend (Oliver Locker Lampson) in Cromer, c.1910. Image courtesy of Cromer Museum. 2 The James Caird Society Journal – Number Six March 2012 The Centennial season has arrived. Having celebrated Shackleton’s British Antarctic (Nimrod) Expedition, courtesy of the ‘Matrix Shackleton Centenary Expedition’, in 2008/9, we now turn our attention to the events of 1910/12. This was a period when 3 very extraordinary and ambitious men (Amundsen, Scott and Mawson) headed south, to a mixture of acclaim and tragedy. A little later (in 2014) we will be celebrating Sir Ernest’s ‘crowning glory’ –the Centenary of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic (Endurance) Expedition 1914/17. Shackleton failed in his main objective (to be the first to cross from one side of Antarctica to the other). He even failed to commence his land journey from the Weddell Sea coast to Ross Island. However, the rescue of his entire team from the ice and extreme cold (made possible by the remarkable voyage of the James Caird and the first crossing of South Georgia’s interior) was a remarkable feat and is the reason why most of us revere our polar hero and choose to be members of this Society. For all the alleged shenanigans between Scott and Shackleton, it would be a travesty if ‘Number Six’ failed to honour Captain Scott’s remarkable achievements - in particular, the important geographical and scientific work carried out on the Discovery and Terra Nova expeditions (1901-3 and 1910-12 respectively). -
Chilean-Navy-Day-2016-Service.Pdf
Westminster Abbey A W REATHLAYING CEREMONY AT THE GRAVE OF ADMIRAL LORD COCHRANE , TH 10 EARL OF DUNDONALD ON CHILEAN NAVY DAY Thursday 19th May 2016 11.00 am THE CHILEAN NAVY Today we honour those men and women who, over the centuries, have given their lives in defence of their country, and who, through doing so, have shown the world their courage and self-sacrifice. As a maritime country, Chile has important interests in trade and preventing the exploitation of fishing and other marine resources. The Chilean economy is heavily dependent on exports that reach the world markets through maritime transport. This is reflected by the fact that Chile is the third heaviest user of the Panama Canal. Ninety percent of its foreign trade is carried out by sea, accounting for almost fifty-five percent of its gross domestic product. The sea is vital for Chile’s economy, and the Navy exists to protect the country and serve its interests. Each year, on 21 st May, all the cities and towns throughout Chile celebrate the heroic deeds of Commander Arturo Prat and his men. On that day in 1879, Commander Arturo Prat was commanding the Esmeralda, a small wooden corvette built twenty-five years earlier in a Thames dockyard. With a sister vessel of lighter construction, the gunboat Covadonga, the Esmeralda had been left to blockade Iquique Harbour while the main fleet had been dispatched to other missions. They were confronted by two Peruvian warships, the Huáscar and the Independencia. Before battle had ensued, Commander Prat had made a rousing speech to his crew where he showed leadership to motivate them to engage in combat. -
1 Inhabiting the Antarctic Jessica O'reilly & Juan Francisco Salazar
Inhabiting the Antarctic Jessica O’Reilly & Juan Francisco Salazar Introduction The Polar Regions are places that are part fantasy and part reality.1 Antarctica was the last continent to be discovered (1819–1820) and the only landmass never inhabited by indigenous people.2 While today thousands of people live and work there at dozens of national bases, Antarctica has eluded the anthropological imagination. In recent years, however, as anthropology has turned its attention to extreme environments, scientific field practices, and ethnographies of global connection and situated globalities, Antarctica has become a fitting space for anthropological analysis and ethnographic research.3 The idea propounded in the Antarctic Treaty System—that Antarctica is a place of science, peace, environmental protection, and international cooperation—is prevalent in contemporary representations of the continent. Today Antarctic images are negotiated within a culture of global environmentalism and international science. Historians, visual artists, and journalists who have spent time in the Antarctic have provided rich accounts of how these principles of global environmentalism and 1 See for instance Adrian Howkins, The Polar Regions: An Environmental History (Cambridge, UK: Polity, 2016). 2 Archaeological records have shown evidence of human occupation of Patagonia and the South American sub-Antarctic region (42˚S to Cape Horn 56˚S) dating back to the Pleistocene–Holocene transition (13,000–8,000 years before present). The first human inhabitants south of 60˚S were British, United States, and Norwegian whalers and sealers who originally settled in Antarctic and sub-Antarctic islands during the early 1800s, often for relatively extended periods of time, though never permanently 3 See for instance Jessica O’Reilly, The Technocratic Antarctic: An Ethnography of Scientific Expertise and Environmental Governance (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2017); Juan Francisco Salazar, “Geographies of Place-making in Antarctica: An Ethnographic Approach,” The Polar Journal 3, no. -
Memoria Antártica Nacional, 2015-2016
MEMORIA ANTÁRTICA NACIONAL Campaña Antártica 2015-2016 © Elias Barticevic Memoria Antártica Nacional, 2015-2016 Santiago, Chile Enero 2017 Dirección de Antártica, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores - 2 - Memoria Antártica Nacional, 2015-2016 TABLA DE CONTENIDOS Presentación de la Memoria Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores Dirección de Antártica ................................................................................................ 5 Asuntos Antárticos Nacionales ............................................................................................... 5 Asuntos Antárticos Internacionales ..................................................................................... 11 Dirección Nacional de Fronteras y Límites del Estado ........................................... 17 Instituto Antártico Chileno - Expedición Científica Antártica LII (ECA 52) ............. 20 Cooperación en actividades Antárticas internacionales ...................................................... 34 Actividades educativas y comunicacionales ......................................................................... 36 Ministerio de Defensa Nacional Ejército de Chile ........................................................................................................ 37 Actividades Internacionales del Ejército 2015 ..................................................................... 37 Actividades Nacionales del Ejército 2015 ............................................................................. 40 Armada de Chile ............................................................................................... -
Pardo and Shackleton: Parallel Lives; Shared Values
Pardo and Shackleton Parallel Lives, Shared Values Fiona Clouder, Her Majesty’s Ambassador to Chile Luis Pardo and Ernest Shackleton – Expedition 1914–17, led by two great figures in the shared history Ernest Shackleton, set out of two countries - UK and Chile. Two to cross Antarctica via the lives that became intertwined in one South Pole. The plan was for of the greatest rescues in history. the Weddell Sea party to sail Two men who have inspired others. on Endurance to Vahsel Bay, Two figures who lived their lives with where they would establish a shared values. Values from which we base camp from which can learn today. the crossing party would commence its journey. At the So who were Luis Pardo and Ernest same time a party would sail Shackleton? Their great achievements on Aurora to McMurdo were in an era of exploration. Shackleton Sound in the Ross Sea on is widely known as an inspirational the opposite side of the leader. He never achieved his personal continent to lay supply dream of being the first to reach the depots for the crossing party. South Pole, but his reputation as a leader of men is based on a still greater However, in 1915 Shackleton success: the survival and safe return of and his men were confronted all his team members, whilst overcoming with one of the worst disasters almost unimaginable odds. in Antarctic history: Endurance was crushed in the pack ice Perce Blackborow – a stowaway on and sank, the outside world the Endurance expedition – described was unaware of their Piloto Pardo and crew members on the deck of the Yelcho. -
Piloto Pardo "La Tarea Es Grande, Pero Nada Me Da Miedo: Soy Chileno
Piloto Pardo "La tarea es grande, pero nada me da miedo: soy chileno. Dos consideraciones me hacen hacer frente a estos peligros: salvar a los exploradores y dar gloria a Chile. Estaré feliz si pudiese lograr lo que otros no. Si fallo y muero, usted tendrá que cuidar a mi Laura y a mis hijos, quienes quedarán sin sostén ninguno a no ser por el suyo. Si tengo éxito, habré cumplido con mi deber humanitario como marino y como chileno. Cuando usted lea esta carta, o su hijo estará muerto o habrá llegado a Punta Arenas con los náufragos. No retornaré solo." L. A. Pardo Luis A. Pardo Villalón nació en 1882 en Santiago de Chile. En la misma ciudad falleció en 1935. Ya en su niñez mostró gran afición por las cosas del mar, ingresando en la escuela de pilotines con 18 años. En 1906 se incorpora a la Armada en calidad de piloto 3º. En 1910 asciende a piloto 2º y tras otros destinos, se le confía del mando del Yáñez . En esa situación se encontraba cuando Shackleton inició la expedición trans- antártica británica entre 1914-16. Recordemos que el Endurance quedó atrapado entre los hielos, teniendo que ser abandonado por todos los tripulantes. Lograron refugiarse en la isla Elefante, y Shackleton, en un pequeño bote, partió en busca de ayuda junto con un reducido grupo. Consiguieron llegar hasta Georgia del Sur; donde Shackleton intentó organizar la expedición para rescatar al resto de sus hombres. Alquiló un pequeño ballenero, el Southern Sky , pero agotó todo el combustible tratando de penetrar en la banquisa para acercarse a isla Elefante. -
SECTION THREE: Historic Sites and Monuments in Antarctica
SECTION THREE: Historic Sites and Monuments in Antarctica The need to protect historic sites and monuments became apparent as the number of expeditions to the Antarctic increased. At the Seventh Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting it was agreed that a list of historic sites and monuments be created. So far 74 sites have been identified. All of them are monuments – human artifacts rather than areas – and many of them are in close proximity to scientific stations. Provision for protection of these sites is contained in Annex V, Article 8. Listed Historic Sites and Monuments may not be damaged, removed, or destroyed. 315 List of Historic Sites and Monuments Identified and Described by the Proposing Government or Governments 1. Flag mast erected in December 1965 at the South Geographical Pole by the First Argentine Overland Polar Expedition. 2. Rock cairn and plaques at Syowa Station (Lat 69°00’S, Long 39°35’E) in memory of Shin Fukushima, a member of the 4th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition, who died in October 1960 while performing official duties. The cairn was erected on 11 January 1961, by his colleagues. Some of his ashes repose in the cairn. 3. Rock cairn and plaque on Proclamation Island, Enderby Land, erected in January 1930 by Sir Douglas Mawson (Lat 65°51’S, Long 53°41’E) The cairn and plaque commemorate the landing on Proclamation Island of Sir Douglas Mawson with a party from the British, Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition of 1929 31. 4. Station building to which a bust of V. I. Lenin is fixed, together with a plaque in memory of the conquest of the Pole of Inaccessibility by Soviet Antarctic explorers in 1958 (Lat 83°06’S, Long 54°58’E). -
A 20 Años De Haber Sido Símbolo De Las Jornadas 2 • El Magallanes Domingo 15 De Septiembre De 2013
El Magallanes www.laprensaaustral.cl domingo 15 de septiembre de 2013 domingo 15 de septiembre de 2013 www.laprensaaustral.cl El Magallanes • 1 José Villarroel José enelsofá Carla Gallardo Paredes A 20 años de haber sido símbolo de las Jornadas 2 • El Magallanes www.laprensaaustral.cl domingo 15 de septiembre de 2013 Carla Gallardo Paredes Fotos José Villarroel José Fotos Encaminada por la vida a pesar de los tropiezos Una de las primeras Niña Símbolo de las Jornadas, vive a pura risa junto a su numerosa familia. Y aunque no siente sus pies, nada la detiene para salir adelante. n año y 9 sumado a una hidrocefalia, más, entonces contestaba el meses tenía generaron en sus padres teléfono, era como la secre- Carla Gallar- Eladio y Gladys, mucha an- taria, de ahí surgió todo”. do Paredes gustia. Claramente, esa voluntad y cuando su Tras haber estado inter- corazón que puso Carla para cabelleraU rubia y ojos viva- nada en Puerto Montt al salir adelante, fueron claves ces emocionaron a los ma- poco tiempo de haber na- para su elección. gallánicos en 1993, en las cido, Carla regresó a Punta Hubo un tiempo sí, en entonces Jornadas por el Arenas, ingresando al Cen- que debió estar enyesada Niño Impedido. Símbolo de tro de Rehabilitación Cruz desde la cintura hacia aba- una de las primeras versio- del Sur, que en ese tiempo jo durante tres meses, que nes de la cruzada solidaria, daba sus primeros pasos, en complicó mucho a sus pa- claramente no recuerda calle O’Higgins. Y de ahí, dres. -
Centenary Service of Thanksgiving for The
CENTENARY SERVICE OF THANKSGIVING FOR THE COURAGE AND ENDURANCE OF SIR ERNEST SHACKLETON CVO AND HIS MEN B CENTENARY SERVICE OF THANKSGIVING FOR THE COURAGE AND ENDURANCE OF SIR ERNEST SHACKLETON CVO AND HIS MEN WESTMINSTER ABBEY 20 MAY 2016 HRH The Princess Royal at Sir Ernest Shackleton’s grave, South Georgia. A Centre of Excellence The Scott Polar Research Institute, founded in 1920, is Arctic and Antarctic. About thirty science and social- a centre of excellence for the study of the Antarctic science doctoral and masters students are based in and Arctic, undertaking research in the natural and the Institute, the latter taking our highly regarded Polar social sciences – topics range from reconstructing the Studies course. Staff and research students are regularly growth and decay of past ice sheets to the cultures involved in field work: this year, research will take place of northern indigenous peoples. The Institute also in Greenland, Svalbard, Siberia and Antarctica. houses the world’s premier polar library, including the Shackleton Memorial Library, and Britain’s only The Polar Museum engages and informs its many dedicated Polar Museum. A replica of the James visitors about polar history and science, emphasising Caird reminds staff and visitors of the endurance and the contemporary significance of the poles in the achievements of the early polar explorers. context of global environmental change. Displays utilise the Institute’s historic collections and current scientific For almost a century, the Institute, as part of the University of Cambridge, has been an important source of information and expertise, providing a strong core of intellectual activity focused on the Arctic and Antarctic and their adjacent seas.