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The Last Frontier

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The Last Frontier ANTARCTICA The last frontier Luis Bertea Rojas LA ULTIMA FRONTERA, UN VIAJE POR LA PENINSULAANTARCTICA ANTARTICA The last frontier 1 EXPLORATION CRUISE TO THE REMOTE REGIONS OF TIERRA DEL FUEGO AND STRAIT OF MAGELLAN EXCLUSIVE PHOTO EXPEDITION AND NATURE CRUISE A BOARD THE M/V FORREST [email protected] EXPEDITION CRUISE PHOTOGRAPHY, CIENce & EDUCATION www.patagoniaphotosafaris.com ...a mis padres por darme la vida. ...a mi esposa por enseñarme a vivirla! ...to my parents for giving me the gift of life. ...to my wife for ANTARCTICAteaching me The how last tofrontier live it!3 4 ANTARCTICA The last frontier ANTARCTICA The last frontier Luis Bertea Rojas ANTARCTICA The last frontier 5 ANTARCTICA - The last frontier Editor / Publisher Luis Bertea Fotografías / Photographs Luis Bertea Diseño gráfico / Graphic design Celia Morales - Nancy Luna Textos / Text Andrea Espinoza Textos geología/ Geology text Consuelo Coloma - Miroslav Rodríguez Textos sobre flora y fauna/Flora & fauna text Ricardo Matus Traducción / Translation Sara Anderson Impresión / Printed by Imprenta Maval Editorial Patagonia Interactiva EDITORIAL Chiloe 1667 Punta Arenas, Chile Fono/Phone 56-61 226653 www.patagoniainteractiva.com [email protected] Primera Edición bilingue, Español-Inglés de 3000 ejemplares Punta Arenas, Patagonia, Chile, diciembre de 2007 Patagonia interactiva First Bilingual edition, Spanish-English, 3000 copies Punta Arenas, Patagonia, Chile, december 2007 ISBN: 956-7820-07-4 Inscripción Nº / Registration Nº 157.725 - © 2006 Luis Bertea Rojas Derechos reservados de los textos y fotografías All rights reserved for text and photographs Prohibida su Total o Parcial Reproducción Partial or Total Reproduction is Prohibited 6 ANTARCTICA The last frontier Indice / Index Prólogo / Prologue 7 Mapa Antártica / Antarctic Map 8 Mapa Península Antártica 9 Secretos del continente blanco 10 Canal Beagle / Beagle Channel 26 Bahía Fildes / Fildes Bay 38 Estrecho Bransfield / Bransfield Strait 47 Rada Covadonga / Rada Covadonga 53 Isla Kopaitic / Kopaitic island 66 Bahía Paraiso / Paraiso Bay 71 Canal Príncipe Gustavo / Prince Gustav Channel 83 Isla James Ross / James Ross Island 89 ANTARCTICA The last frontier 7 8 ANTARCTICA The last frontier ste libro es el resultado de un camino que comenzó hace his book is the result of a particular path I chose to follow a algunos años y que me llevó a recorrer gran parte de la few years ago, which has led me to travel across much of Patagonia,E Tierra del Fuego y la Antártica. TPatagonia, Tierra del Fuego and Antarctica. Viajar por estos lugares, los más australes del planeta, me dio la oportunidad de conocer su gente, sus bellezas naturales y capturar su Travelling through these places, some of the most southerly on the esencia a través de una cámara fotográfica. planet, gave me the chance to meet the people, see the natural beauties and to capture their essence through my camera lens. Comencé con la Antártica por ser el destino más dramático y apasionante. Quien la conoce, sabe que es un viaje al alma de la tierra, blanca y pura, I began with Antarctica as I feel it is the most dramatic and thrilling salvaje y extrema; una travesía para los amantes de la naturaleza destination. Whosoever visits Antarctica knows that this is a virgen y para los de espíritu aventurero. voyage right into the heart of the earth, pure and white, wild and extreme; a journey for those who love nature and Este es el inicio de una serie de obras con las que possess an adventurous spirit. espero motivar el interés de visitar y proteger estos maravillosos parajes. Quiero que todo aquel que se This is the first in a series of books with which I hope interne en sus páginas experimente la sensación de to stimulate an interest in both visiting and protecting viajar, hacerlo sentir parte del lugar, sin importar que these wonderful places. I hope that all those who nunca hubiese puesto un pie allí. turn these pages will experience the sensation of travelling and get to feel a part of the place, even if Por eso dividí la obra en dos partes. La primera they have never actually set foot on this continent. entrega aquellos datos indispensables para formarse I have divided the book into two parts. The first provides una idea de cómo es este territorio. La segunda, y la useful information so that the reader can form an idea más importante, es un recorrido fotográfico, que comienza of what the place is like and the second and most weighty en los canales Beagle y Murray, una de las rutas que lleva a part is a photographic journey which starts in the Beagle and enfrentar el Paso de Drake; continuando con los paisajes de las Islas Murray Channels (one of the routes leading to Drake´s Passage), before Shetland del Sur y la Península Antártica, hoy parte del itinerario de los continuing on to the paradises that are the South Shetland Islands and cruceros turísticos. the Antarctic Peninsula, places nowadays included in the itineraries of most cruise ships. No es casual que el libro lleve por nombre la Última Frontera. La Antártica fue el último lugar que el hombre conquistó. Un lugar misterioso It is no coincidence that this book is titled the Ultima Frontera (The Last que por años apasionó a grandes aventureros y atrajo ambiciosas Frontier) as Antarctica was the last place to be conquered by mankind. expediciones. This mysterious place has sparked the interest of great adventurers and attracted many ambitious expeditions. Si logro conmover a quien vea estas fotografías, habré cumplido la tarea que me propuse, mostrar lo que mis ojos vieron y el lente de mi If I can manage to move those who see these pictures I will have fulfilled cámara atesoró para ustedes. the task I set myself: that of showing what my own eyes saw and what my camera recorded. Buen viaje. Luis Bertea Rojas Bon voyage. ANTARCTICA The last frontier 9 Continente Antártico 10 ANTARCTICA The last frontier Peninsula Antártica Bases antarticas / Antarctic stations Islas Shetland del Sur 1 Isla Rey Jorge Comandante Ferraz (Brasil) Arctowsky (Polonia) Jubani (Argentina) King Sejong (Corea del Sur) Artigas (Uruguay) Bellingshausen (Rusia) Pdte. Eduardo Frei (Chile) Gran Muralla China (China) Isla Greenwich Arturo Prat (Chile) Isla Livingston Juan Carlos I (España) Península Antártica Gral. Bernardo O’Higgins (Chile) 2 Esperanza (Argentina) 3 Pdte. G. Gonzalez Videla (Chile) 6 Isla Seymor 4 Marambio (Argentina) Isla James Ross 5 Base J. G. Mendel (Czech Republic) Isla Anvers 7 Palmers (USA) ANTARCTICA The last frontier 11 Secretos del Continente Blanco The secrets of the white continent Los griegos fueron los primeros en teorizar sobre la existencia del The Greeks were the first to speculate about the existence of an Antarctic Continente Antártico hace unos 2 mil 500 años, y la llamaron Terra continent more than 2500 years ago. They called it the Terra Australis Incognita Australis. En esa época suponían que el hemisferio sur debía Incognita, the unknown south land. At that time it was imagined that the albergar grandes continentes para equilibrar los que se encontraban en southern hemisphere harboured various large continents which would el norte, o en la tierra -hasta ese entonces- conocida. provide equilibrium for those in the north, or rather the part of the world that was at that time known. Sin embargo, debieron pasar muchos siglos para que se dejara de especular sobre estas recónditas tierras. Los exploradores que osaron However, many hundreds of years passed before the speculation adentrarse en ellas, lo hicieron por primera vez hace sólo 200 años, could become fact about this hidden land. The adventurers who dared convirtiendo a la Antártica en el último continente en develar sus to explore only did so for the first time some 200 years ago making secretos al ser humano, y resultó ser el lugar más frío, ventoso, seco y Antarctica the last continent to reveal its secrets to humans, and it extremo del planeta. turned out to be the coldest, windiest, driest and most extreme place on the planet. Fue bautizada como Antártica gracias a que se sitúa en el punto más austral del globo. Esta palabra proviene del griego “Antarktikos”, It was named Antarctica thanks to its location in the most southerly que significa opuesto al “Arktico” u Osa Polar, como fue llamada point of the globe. The word came from the Greek “Antarktikos”, which la constelación del hemisferio norte, situada en el otro extremo del meant opposite to the Arctiko or Ursa Polar, as the constellation of the planeta. northern hemisphere was named, as it was situated in the other extreme of the planet. Muchos imaginan a esta tierra como un lugar inhóspito, plano e infinito, parecido a un desierto, pero de nieve y hielo. A pesar de eso, en este Many thought this land would be an inhospitable, flat and unending place sobrecogedor paisaje blanco, rodeado de volcanes, icebergs, glaciares, similar to a desert but with ice and snow. However in this overwhelming acantilados y grietas, también hay lugar para la vida; hermosos white landscape surrounded by volcanoes, icebergs, glaciers, cliffs and pingüinos, focas, elefantes marinos, albatros, skuas, entre otras crevices there is a place for life as well. Beautiful penguins, seals and especies, conviven en sus costas y adornan sus playas e islas. sea lions, albatrosses and skuas, amongst other animals, live on the coasts and adorn the beaches and islands. La Antártica posee una superficie que sobrepasa los 14 millones de km2, una extensión mayor a Europa y Australia juntas. Su forma semi circular Antarctica has a surface area of 14 million km2 (5,460.000 square tiene directa relación tectónica con la placa sobre la cual se encuentra miles) which is larger than Europe and Australia put together.
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