Hy Ireland and the Nations of Great Britain

Department of History

HY 213: EARLY-MODERN IRELAND AND GREAT BRITAIN: THE FOUR NATIONS (c. 1450 - c. 1660)

Second semester, 2013-14

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1. COURSE DESCRIPTION

This course traces some of the key developments in the making of the British Isles in the early modern period. The four themes that will be followed in lectures and tutorials are: monarchy (in lectures) and religious change, war and state building (in tutorials). These themes will be examined through key documents that shed light on these documents; each lecture and tutorial will focus on one document. It is very important that you have read the documents in advance of both the lectures and the tutorials. Essays will focus on the documents that you have discussed in tutorials. The examination will take the form of extracts from the documents that will be discussed in lectures and you will be asked to comment on the context, content and significance of three out of six extracts from the documents discussed in lectures.

2. LECTURE TOPICS

Introductory and background Lecture 1 Aims of the course: British Isles and its contexts Lecture 2 The act in restraint of appeals to Rome (1533) Lecture 3 The act of the kingly title (Ireland) (1541) Lecture 4 The homily on obedience (1547) Lecture 5 National Covenant (Scotland, 1638) Lecture 6 Remonstrance of County Cavan (1641) Lecture 7 King’s answers to the 19 propositions (1642) Lecture 8 Humble petition and advice (1657) Lecture 9 Declaration of Breda (1660) Lecture 10 Bill of Rights (1689) Lecture 11 Articles of union (Scotland) (1707) Lecture 12 Monarchy and governance: patterns of social order: conclusions

ASSESSMENT The module is assessed by a one-hour end-of-semester examination (50%), and two tutorial essays (both of equal value) of approximately 2,500 words each (25% each).

READING Essential texts:

Mark Nicholls, A history of the modern British isles 1529-1603: the two kingdoms (Blackwells, 1999) (10 copies) David L. Smith, A history of the modern British isles 1603-1707: the double crown (Blackwells, 1998) (10 copies) Recommended texts BOOKS/ARTICLES OFFERING COMPARATIVE TREATMENT John Pocock, ‘British history: a plea for a new subject’, Jn. Mod. Hist., xlvii, no 4 (1975) (E- Journal: available via JSTOR from Library databases) Hugh Kearney, The British isles: a history of four nations (1989) (10 copies) Norman Davies, The isles: a history (1999) (5 copies; also available in NetLibrary) Steven Ellis & Sarah Barber (ed.), Conquest & union: fashioning a British state 1485-1725 (1995) (4 copies) Brendan Bradshaw & John Morrill (ed.), The British problem, c 1534-1707 (1996) (2 copies) David Scott, Politics and war in the three Stuart kingdoms, 1637-49 (2004) (5 copies) Stephen Ellis with Christopher Maginn, The making of the British Isles: the state of Britain and

1 Ireland, 1450-1660 (2007) (5 copies) Jenny Wormald, The seventeenth century (2008) (6 copies)

SURVEYS COVERING ALL OR LARGE PARTS OF THE COURSE, BY COUNTRY

ENGLAND Kenneth Morgan (ed.), The Oxford history of Britain (2001) : note: the library has multiple copies in book form of relevant chapters from this book: see John Guy and John Morrill, The Tudors and Stuarts (1992) (8 copies) John Guy, Tudor England (1990) (16 copies) D.M. Loades, Politics and the nation 1450-1660 (1999 & earlier eds.) (15 copies) Barry Coward, The Stuart age: England 1603-1714 (1994) (2 copies) Kevin Sharpe, Selling the Tudor monarchy: authority and image in 16thc. England (Yale, 2009) (1 copy)

SCOTLAND Christopher Harvie, Scotland: a short history (2002) (5 copies) J.D. Mackie, A history of Scotland (1964) (4 copies) R.A. Houston & W.W. Knox (ed.) The new Penguin history of Scotland (2002) (5 copies) Jenny Wormald, Court, kirk and community: Scotland 1470-1625 (1991) (11 copies) Rosalind Mitchison, Lordship to patronage: Scotland 1603-1745 (1990) (10 copies) Keith Brown, Kingdom or province? Scotland and the regal union, 1603-1715 (1992)

WALES John Davies, A history of Wales (1994 ed.) Glanmor Williams, Renewal and Reformation: Wales 1415- 1642 (1993) (10 copies) Geraint Jenkins, The foundation of Modern Wales, 1642-1780 (1993) (10 copies) " " ‘From Reformation to Methodism, 1536-1750’, in Prys Morgan (ed.), The Tempus history of Wales (2001) (5 copies)

IRELAND Colm Lennon, Sixteenth-century Ireland (1994) (23 copies) Ciaran Brady, Raymond Gillespie (ed.), Natives and newcomers (1986) (2 copies) Brendan Fitzpatrick, Seventeenth century Ireland (1988) (2 copies) N.P. Canny, From Reformation to Restoration 1534-1660 (1980) (6 copies) " " Making Ireland British, 1580-1650 (2001) (4 copies) J.C. Beckett, The making of modern Ireland 1603-1923 (1981 ed) (7 copies) Raymond Gillespie, Seventeenth century Ireland (2006) (10 copies)

INTRODUCTORY AND BACKGROUND

Recommended: Frank Welsh, The four nations (Harper-Collins, 2003) (10 copies) Hugh Kearney, The British isles (1989), ch. 6 (10 copies) Norman Davies, The isles (1999), ch. 7 (5 copies; also available in NetLibrary) Steven Ellis & Sarah Barber (ed.), Conquest and union (1995), ch 2 (4 copies) Brendan Bradshaw & John Morrill (ed.), The British problem (1996), ch 1 (2 copies) Kenneth Morgan (ed.), The Oxford history of Britain (2001) ch 4: note: multiple copies of relevant chs in John Guy and John Morrill, The Tudors and Stuarts (1992), ch 1 (8 copies) John Guy, Tudor England (1990) chs 1-3 (16 copies) D.M. Loades, Politics and the nation 1450-1660 (1999 & earlier eds) chs 1-4 (15 copies) Art Cosgrove, Late medieval Ireland (1981), (17 copies) Glanmor Williams, Renewal and Reformation: Wales 1415-1642 (1993), Part 1 (1 copy)

PART 1: REFORMATIONS c.1450-1603

Essential: Mark Nicholls, A history of the modern British isles 1529-1603 (1999) chs 2-3, 5-11 (10 copies)

Recommended:

OTHER COMPARATIVE WORKS Steven Ellis & Sarah Barber (ed.), Conquest and union (1995), chs 3-5 (4 copies) Brendan Bradshaw & John Morrill (ed.), The British problem (1996), ch. 2 (2 copies) Norman Davies, The isles (1999), ch. 7 (2 copies) Frank Welsh, The four nations (2003), ch 5 (10 copies) Felicity Heal, Reformation in Britain and Ireland (2005) (5 copies)

ENGLAND Kenneth Morgan (ed.), The Oxford history of Britain (2001), ch. 5 (same ch. in John Guy & John Morrill, The Tudors and Stuarts (1992) (8 copies) Norman Davies, The isles (1999), ch. 7 (2 copies) D. M. Loades, Politics and the nation (1999 & earlier eds), Part II (chs 5-9) (15 copies) John Guy, Tudor England (1990), chs 5-10 (16 copies) G.R. Elton, Reform & Reformation (1977 ), chs 7-9, 12-17 (10 copies) A.G. Dickens, The English Reformation (1967) (7 copies) Christopher Haigh (ed.) The English Reformation revised (1987), esp. ch. 9 (2 copies) Christopher Haigh, English Reformations (1993) (4 copies) Eamon Duffy, The stripping of the altars (1994) (3 copies)

WALES John Davies, A history of Wales (1994), ch 6 Geraint Jenkins, 'From Reformation to Methodism', in Prys Morgan (ed.), The Tempus history of Wales (2001) (5 copies) Glanmor Williams, Renewal and Reformation: Wales 1451-1642 (1993), chs 11-13 (10 copies) " " Wales and the Reformation (1997) (1 copy)

SCOTLAND J.D Mackie, A history of Scotland (1964), chs 9-10 (4 copies) Christopher Harvie, Scotland: a short history (2002) (5 copies) Jenny Wormald, Court, kirk and community: Scotland 1470-1625 (1991) (11 copies) R.A. Houston, W.W. Knox (ed.) The new Penguin history of Scotland (2002) ch 4 (5 copies)

IRELAND Colm Lennon, Sixteenth-century Ireland (1994), chs 5-6, 11 (23 copies) Alan Ford, The Protestant Reformation in Ireland (1996) (1 copy) Felicty Heal, The Reformation in Britain and Ireland (2005 ed) (3 copies: also available in NetLibrary) Ciaran Brady & Raymond Gillespie, Natives and newcomers (1986), chs 2, 3 (2 copies) S. G. Ellis, ‘Economic history of the church: why the Reformation failed in Ireland’, in Jn. Ecc. Hist. xli (1990) (Reserve copy HIS 844) B. Bradshaw, ‘Sword, word and strategy in the Reformation in Ireland’, in Historical Journal xxi, no. 3 (1978) (E-Journal: available via JSTOR from Library databases) " " ‘English Reformation and identity formation in Ireland and Wales’, in Brendan Bradshaw & Roberts, British consciousness and identity: the making of Britain, 1537-1707 (1998) (1 copy) N.P. Canny, ‘Why the Reformation failed in Ireland: une question mal poseé’, in Jn. Ecc. Hist., xxx (1979) (Reserve copy HIS 934) Karl Bottigheimer, ‘The failure of the Reformation in Ireland: une question bien poseé’, in Jn.Ecc. Hist. xxvi (1985) (Reserve copy HIS 933) S.J. Connolly, Contested island: Ireland 1460-1630 (2007) (3 copies)

PART 2: WARS & CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES c. 1603-1700

Essential: David L Smith, A history of the modern British isles 1603-1707 (1998) chs 5-7 (10 copies)

Recommended: OTHER COMPARATIVE WORKS Frank Welsh, The four nations (2003) ch. 6 (10 copies) Brendan Bradshaw & John Morrill (ed.), The British problem (1996), ch. 7 (2 copies) Steven Ellis & Sarah Barber (ed.), Conquest and union (1995), ch. 8 (4 copies) Norman Davies, The isles (1999), ch. 8 (2 copies) Allan Macinnes, The British revolution, 1629-1660 (2005) (8 copies) Jane Ohlmeyer, Civil war and Restoration in three kingdoms (1993) (1 copy) " " & J. P. Kenyon (ed.), The civil wars: a military history of England, Scotland and Ireland, 1638-1660 (1998) (1 copy) David A. Scott, Politics and war in the three Stuart kingdoms, 1637-49 (2004) (10 copies) Conrad Russell, The fall of the British monarchies (1 copy) Robert Armstrong, Protestant wars: the 'British' of Ireland and the war of the 3 kingdoms (2005) (4 copies) Jenny Wormald, The seventeenth century (2008) (6 copies)

ENGLAND, WALES: SOME SCOTTISH COVERAGE

Kenneth Morgan, The Oxford history of Britain (2001), ch. 6 (same ch.(ch 2) in John Guy & John Morrill, The Tudors and Stuarts (8 copies) D. M. Loades, Politics and the nation (1999 & earlier eds), chs 12-16 (15 copies) J.P. Kenyon, Stuart England (1995), chs 1-4 (19 copies) Barry Coward, The Stuart age (1994), chs 4-7, (2 copies) Derek Hirst, Conflict and authority (1986) (3 copies) Blair Worden, ‘Oliver Cromwell and the Protectorate’, in Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, xx (2010), 57-83 ((E-Journal: available via JSTOR from Library databases)

WALES John Davies, A history of Wales (1994), ch 6 Geraint Jenkins, ‘From Reformation to Methodism’, in Prys Morgan (ed.), The Tempus history of Wales (2001) (5 copies) Glanmor Williams, Renewal and Reformation:Wales 1415-1642 (1993), ch 20 (10 copies) Geraint Jenkins, The foundation of modern Wales, 1642-1780 (1993) ch 1 (10 copies)

SCOTLAND Christopher Harvie, Scotland: a short history (2002) (6 copies) J.D. Mackie, A history of Scotland (1964), chs 11-14 (4 copies) Keith Brown, Kingdom or province? Scotland and the regal union, 1603-1715 (1992) ch 5 Rosalind Mitchison, Lordship to patronage: Scotland 1603-1745 (1990) (10 copies)

IRELAND Raymond Gillespie, ‘The end of an era: Ulster and the outbreak of the 1641 rebellion’, in Ciaran Brady & Raymond Gillespie (ed.), Natives and newcomers (1985) (2 copies) Raymond Gillespie, Seventeenth century Ireland (2006) parts 1-2 (10 copies) Michael Perceval-Maxwell, ‘Ireland and the monarchy in the early Stuart multiple Kingdoms’, in Historical Journal, xxxiv, no 2 (1991) (E-Journal: available via JSTOR from Library databases) T.C. Barnard, Cromwellian Ireland (1975, 2000) (7 copies) Nicholas Canny, Making Ireland British (2001), esp. ch. 8 (2 copies) Brian Mac Cuarta (ed.), Ulster 1641 (1993) chs 5-6, 8 (1 copy) J.C. Beckett, The making of modern Ireland (1981 ed) (7 copies) Tadhg Ó hAnnrachain, Catholic Reformation in Ireland: the mission of Rinuccini 1645-1649 (2002) (1 copy) Robert Armstrong, Protestant wars: the 'British' of Ireland and the war of the 3 kingdoms

4 TUTORIALS

Each tutorial is based on a document or documents which students are expected to have downloaded and read in advance of each week's discussion. In addition, familiarity with the documents will be essential for the essay assignments. Copies of the documents may be obtained from the web at the recommended sites (below), with the exception of weeks 7, 9 & 10, where copies of certain documents will be supplied. They range in length from 2 or 3 pages to up to about 20 pages.

The documents have been selected in groups with reference to the three main elements in the course (Reformations, Wars, and Constitutional Issues). There will be two essays, which will attract marks in the final assessment. Essays are related to documents studied in tutorials, with some context provided by lectures, and additional reading material selected from the reading list. The most important consideration when writing essays (and answering exam questions) is the need to adopt a comparative approach. It is not sufficient simply to recount what happened in the different countries. What will be looked for by the tutor (and will attract better marks) is the ability to compare and contrast: in other words, to explain the differences.

WEEK 1 (3 Feb.-7 Feb) Introduction

WEEK 2 (10-14 Feb) Documents for discussion: The 39 Articles of the Church of England, 1563, and the Lambeth articles, at: www.victorianweb.org/religion/39articles.html www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/creeds3.iv.xiii.html (pp 8+3)

WEEK 3 (17-21 Feb.) Document for discussion: 'The Irish Articles of Religion. A.D. 1615', at: www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/creeds3.iv.xiv.html (pp 15)

WEEK 4 (24-28 Feb.) Documents for discussion: The Scottish Confession of Faith (1560), and The second book of discipline (1578) (chs 1-7 only), at www.swrb.com/newslett/actualNLs/ScotConf.htm (pp 19) www.swrb.com/newslett/actualNLs/bod_ch04.htm (pp 9)

WEEK 5 (3-7 Mar.) Documents for discussion: The Grand remonstrance and the King's Answer (1641) at: http://www.constitution.org/eng/conpur030.htm (pp 3+1)

WEEK 6 (10-14 Mar.) Document for discussion: Extracts from Sir John Temple, The Irish rebellion, or the history of the beginning and first progress of the general rebellion raised within the kingdom of Ireland upon the three and twentieth day of October 1641 (London, 1646), pp 73-84 Available on EEBO but be sure to use 1646 edn.

FIRST ESSAY DUE WEEK 6 (STUDY WEEK/VACATION)

WEEK 7 (24-28 Mar.)

Document for discussion: The Solemn League and Covenant, agreed between the Scottish estates and the English parliament, 1643, at: www.reformed.org/documents/ (pp 4) Under 'Historic Church Documents' go to 'Confessions', scroll down to 'Westminster Confession of Faith, additional documents', and click on 'Solemn League and Covenant'.

WEEK 8 (31 Mar-4 Apr.) RETURN ESSAY 1

5 WEEK 9 (7-11 Apr.) Document for discussion The Engagement, 1647 http://www.constitution.org/eng/conpur076.htm

WEEK 10 (14-18 Apr.) (28 Apr-2 May Apr.) Document for discussion: The Putney debates (1647), at: http://www.thenagain.info/classes/sources/clarke.putney.html

SECOND ESSAY DUE WEEK 10

WEEK 11 (28 April-2 May) RETURN ESSAY 2

WEEK 12 (5-9 May) Swift’s The injured lady http:jonathanswiftarchive.org.uk/browse/year/text_9_1_3.html

OVERVIEW

ESSAY TITLES (Recommended length: up to c. 2,500 words. Where appropriate, do refer to relevant tutorial documents).

Essay 1: Using the documents you have discussed in tutorials explain why the ideas of religious reformation differed so widely between the three kingdoms?

Essay 2: Using the documents from tutorials discuss what the differing experience of war tell us about the character of each of the three kingdoms by 1660s?