DOCSLIB.ORG

Chapter 9: the Late Middle Ages Section 1: the Black Death

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chapter 9: the Late Middle Ages Section 1: the Black Death AP European History Chapter 10: 1640-1669 Section 1: 1640-1649 Political History By Dallin F. Hardy England Short Parliament 1640 Second Bishops’ War 1640 Battle of Newburn August 28, 1640 England vs. Scotland Results Scottish victory Long Parliament 1640-1660 Prohibited Taxation without consent John Pym Leader of Long Parliament Thomas Wentworth 1640-1641 Advisor to the King 1st Earl of Strafford Execution of Thomas Wentworth May 12, 1641 Grand Remonstrance November 22, 1641 Scottish Rebellion 1641 Parliament Should become commander-in-chief of English armed forces Irish Rebellion of 1641 1641 Invasion of Parliament January 4, 1642 Charles I Sought to arrest Leaders of Parliament Left London to Raise an army Militia Ordinance March 1642 English Civil War 1642-1646 Cavaliers Supporters of King Charles I Roundheads Supporters of Parliament Battle of Edgehill October 23, 1642 Battle of Adwalton Moor June 30, 1643 Battle of Newbury September 20, 1643 Siege of Oxford May 1644-June 1646 Battle of Marston Moor July 2, 1644 Execution of William Laud January 10, 1645 Archbishop of Canterbury New Model Army 1645 Oliver Cromwell 1645-1646 Commander of New Model Army Battle of Naseby June 14, 1645 Escape of Charles I April 1646 From Siege of Oxford Surrender of Charles I May 6, 1646 To Scotland Captivity of Charles I January-November 1647 Escape of Charles I November 1647 Second English Civil War 1648-1649 Battle of Preston August 17-19, 1648 Pride’s Purge December 6, 1648 Royalist sympathizers Expelled from Parliament Recapture of Charles I December 1648 Rump Parliament 1648-1653 Trial of Charles I January 20, 1649 Convicted of treason Execution of Charles I January 30, 1649 Interregnum 1649-1660 Commonwealth of England 1649-1660 Puritan Republic Oliver Cromwell Parliament abolished Monarchy House of Lords Anglican Church Levellers 1647-1649 Execution of Leveller Leaders May 17, 1649 Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland 1649-1653 English Political Theory John Milton English Political philosopher Areopagitica 1644 John Milton Argued for freedom of the press “Who kills a man kills a reasonable creature, God’s image; but he who destroys a good book, kills reason itself, kills the image of God, as it were in the eye. Many a man lives a burden to the earth; but a good book is the precious life-blood of a master spirit, embalmed and treasured up on purpose to a life beyond life….” John Milton France Cardinal Mazarin 1642-1661 First Minister of State Louis XIV 1643-1715 King of France Anne of Austria 1643-1651 Regent Fronde 1648-1653 Holy Roman Empire Frederick William 1640-1688 Elector of Brandenburg Duke of Prussia “Great Elector” Thirty Years’ War Peace of Westphalia 1648 Rescinded Edict of Restitution Reasserted Peace of Augsburg Recognized Calvinists Proclaimed independence of Swiss Confederacy United Provinces of the Netherlands Portugal Portuguese Restoration War 1640-1668 John IV 1640-1656 King of Portugal “John the Restorer” Netherlands William II 1647-1650 Prince of Orange Dutch Independence 1648 Dutch Republic 1648-1795 Switzerland Swiss Independence 1648 Switzerland 1648 Holy Roman Empire Post War Empire 1648 Denmark-Norway Frederick III 1648-1670 King of Denmark & Norway Poland Ukrainian Peasants Revolt 1648 Russia Alexis 1645-1676 Tsar of Russia .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A-Level History, HIS1D: Stuart Britain and the Crisis of Monarchy 1603-1702 Absolutism Challenged: Britain 1603-49 Section 2: Revolution 1629-1649
    A-Level History, HIS1D: Stuart Britain and the Crisis of Monarchy 1603-1702 Absolutism Challenged: Britain 1603-49 Section 2: Revolution 1629-1649. Part 1: 1629-1642 KEY TOPIC AREAS 1629-42: KEY TOPIC AREAS 1629-42: Divisions over Religion: Arminianism and Laudianism; Puritanism, and Millenarianism Political divisions in Personal rule: Short Parliament • Arminianism and Laudianism • The Short Parliament • Puritanism • Continued Opposition in 1640 • The emergence of Millenarianism Political divisions • The Long Parliament. Political divisions in Personal rule: Finance • The leadership and importance of John Pym. • Fiscal policy used in Personal rule Causes of the English Civil War • The opposition that it caused • Events culminating in the outbreak of the Civil War. Political divisions in Personal rule: Scotland • Policies in Scotland • The Crisis of 1637-42 • The extent of Opposition Political divisions in Personal rule: Ireland • Policies in Ireland • The Crisis of 1637-42 • The extent of Opposition A-Level History, HIS1D: Stuart Britain and the Crisis of Monarchy 1603-1702 Absolutism Challenged: Britain 1603-49 Section 2: Revolution 1629-1649. Part 1: 1629-1642 KEY WORDS KEY INDIVIDUALS Articles of Perth: had been forced through the Scottish Kirk in 1618. They were a set of Charles Stuart: ruled as Charles I 1625-1649 commands outlining religious practices. To Presbyterians, the commands seemed like William Laud: a key Arminian cleric who became the Archbishop of Canterbury in Catholicism 1633 and made changes to the Anglican Church Bill of Attainder: medieval method which allowed anyone who was seen as a threat to the Henrietta Maria: Catholic wife of Charles I, she aroused suspicion of a Catholic state t be removed by Parliament without formal trial conversion of the King and the court Book of Sports: originally produced by James in 1618.
    [Show full text]
  • Christmas Is Cancelled! What Were Cromwell’S Main Political and Religious Aims for the Commonwealth 1650- 1660?
    The National Archives Education Service Christmas is Cancelled! What were Cromwell’s main political and religious aims for the Commonwealth 1650- 1660? Cromwell standing in State as shown in Cromwelliana Christmas is Cancelled! What were Cromwell’s main political and religious aims? Contents Background 3 Teacher’s notes 4 Curriculum Connections 5 Source List 5 Tasks 6 Source 1 7 Source 2 9 Source 3 10 Source 4 11 Source 5 12 Source 6 13 Source 7 14 Source 8 15 Source 9 16 This resource was produced using documents from the collections of The National Archives. It can be freely modified and reproduced for use in the classroom only. 2 Christmas is Cancelled! What were Cromwell’s main political and religious aims? Background On 30 January 1649 Charles I the King of England was executed. Since 1642 civil war had raged in England, Scotland and Ireland and men on opposite sides (Royalists and Parliamentarians) fought in battles and sieges that claimed the lives of many. Charles I was viewed by some to be the man responsible for the bloodshed and therefore could not be trusted on the throne any longer. A trial resulted in a guilty verdict and he was executed outside Banqueting House in Whitehall. During the wars Oliver Cromwell had risen amongst Army ranks and he led the successful New Model Army which had helped to secure Parliament’s eventual victory. Cromwell also achieved widespread political influence and was a high profile supporter of the trial and execution of the King. After the King’s execution England remained politically instable.
    [Show full text]
  • Click Here to Start an Explosion of Ideas ‘Papers Flew up and Down in Every Place’ …So Wrote Captain John Hodson in His Civil War Diary
    Print Explosion Click here to start An Explosion of Ideas ‘Papers flew up and Down in every Place’ …so wrote Captain John Hodson in his Civil War diary Print Power Feeding readers Peacetime Print After the war, Cromwell and Print was a powerful new More people could read than ever Charles II cheered their own weapon. Each side raced to tell before and they were hungry for victories and condemned their their story first. news. enemies in print Newspapers, stories, ballads, almanacs, satires, shocking ideas and wonderful scientific discoveries all exploded into print. Our ‘Print Explosion’ captures just of few of them. Search by Search by theme Click one of these buttons to find out more image Click the buttons below to find how these people and ideas appeared in print Prince Rupert New Scientific Ideas Satire (Political Comedy) Strange New Ideas Women News Cromwell Printing Presses The King Witches Click on an image to find out more back to start next page Click on an image to find out more previous page Return to theme search Prince Rupert The King’s nephew and a dashing cavalry commander, Rupert was a popular subject for satire. Click on an image to find out more. Return to theme search Satire Current affairs comedy with a political message. Click an image above to find out more. Return to theme search Attitudes to Women Click on one of the images above to find out more. Return to theme search Cromwell Military hero or agent of the devil? Click an image above to find out more about Cromwell in print.
    [Show full text]
  • The Levellers Movement and Had Been Amongst the Leaders of a Mutiny Against Cromwell, Whom They Accused of Betraying the Ideals of the ‘Civil War ’
    Levellers Day book cover_Levellers Day book cover 04/05/2015 08:33 Page 1 Written by PETA STEEL T H E L E THE V Published in May 2 01 5 by SERTUC E Congress House, Great Russell Street L L London WC1B 3LS E R LEVELLERS MOVEMENT 020 7467 1220 [email protected] S M O V AN ACCOUNT OF PERHAPS THE FIRST POLITICAL MOVEMENT E M TO REPRESENT THE ORDINARY PEOPLE E N T Additional sponsorship from Including THE DIGGERS AND RANTERS, ASLEF, Unison South East Region, and Unite OLIVER CROMWELL, THE AGREEMENT OF THE PEOPLE and MAGNA CARTA South East S E R T U C Printed by Upstream PUBLISHED BY SERTUC 020 7358 1344 [email protected] £2 Levellers Day book cover_Levellers Day book cover 04/05/2015 08:33 Page 2 CONTENTS THE LEVELLERS 1 THE DIGGERS AND THE RANTERS 11 THE CIVIL WARS 15 THE NEW MODEL ARMY 19 AGREEMENT OF THE PEOPLE 23 THE PUTNEY DEBATES 27 THOMAS RAINSBOROUGH 31 PETITIONS 34 THE BISHOPSGATE MUTINY 37 THE BANBURY MUTINY 38 THE MAGNA CARTA 40 OLIVER CROMWELL 43 JOHN LILBURNE 49 GERRARD WINSTANLEY 55 RICHARD OVERTON 58 KATHERINE CHIDLEY 60 KING CHARLES I 63 THE STAR CHAMBER 66 JOHN MILTON 68 Levellers Day book new_Levellers book new to print 04/05/2015 09:07 Page 1 FOREWORD THERE’S little to disagree with the Levellers over: “they wanted a democracy where there was no King, and a reformed House of Commons that represented the people, and not the vested interests of the ruling classes ”.
    [Show full text]
  • YEAR 4: the ENGLISH CIVIL WAR and AFTER (5 Lessons)
    YEAR 4: THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR AND AFTER (5 lessons) Contents Include: The English Civil War Charles II and the Restoration The Great Fire of London The Glorious Revolution The Bill of Rights Suggested Teacher Resources: The Young Oxford History of Britain & Ireland, pages 212-238. A People’s History of Britain by Rebecca Fraser, pages 327-384. Great Tales from English History by Robert Lacey, pages 254-292. The BBC website has some useful articles on the period. This is an excellent website for the Civil War, especially for local history. 2 Lesson 1. The English Civil War The English Civil War began in 1642, and was fought between supporters of Parliament and supporters of the King. It lasted for seven years, and was the bloodiest conflict ever fought on English soil. Nearly 4% of the population died, and families were pitted against each other: brother against brother, father against son. The soldiers who fought for Parliament were nicknamed the ‘roundheads’ due to their short hair, and those who fought for the King were nicknamed ‘cavaliers’ due to their flamboyant appearance. The roundheads were the more disciplined army, and eventually won the war. See pages 157-160 of What Your Year 4 Child Needs to Know. Learning Objective Core Knowledge Activities for Learning Related Vocabulary Assessment Questions To understand who The English Civil War lasted for Complete a short timeline of the English Parliamentarian What was the the two different seven years and lots of people Civil War, and perhaps plot the location Royalist difference between the sides during the civil died.
    [Show full text]
  • English Civil War to Restoration Key Concept: Narrative Account Topic Summary Chronological Events Should Be Sequenced in Your Writing in Chronological Order
    Unit 3: The English Civil War to Restoration Key concept: Narrative Account Topic Summary Chronological Events should be sequenced in your writing in chronological order. Past tense Narratives should be written in the past tense e.g. the king was crowned in 1660. 1660 Charles II is 1605 The Gun- 1629 The 1640 Charles I crowned King, powder Plot start of the recalls Parliament 1648 Parliament 1653 Oliver Crom- beginning the Third person Narratives should be written in the third person . Do not use ‘I’; ‘we’; or ‘you’ almost destroys ‘eleven-years to pay for the wins the Second well becomes ‘Lord Restoration Parliament Bishops’ War tyranny’ Civil War Protector’ Linking Connections should be made between events, linking them together in a clear se- quence. Relevant detail Include relevant details for each event you are describing, including dates, names, etc. 1625 Charles I 1637 Archbishop 1642 The English 1648 Trial and exe- 1603 James I 1658 Death of becomes King Laud introduces Civil War breaks cution of Charles I; becomes King Oliver Cromwell of England of England his prayer book to out England declared a Scotland Commonwealth Key People Charles I The second Stuart king of England, execut- Archbishop Laud Famously introduced new prayer ed by Parliament in 1648 following the Civil War. books along with other religious changes that bought back some Catholic practices. Keywords John Pym Puritan member of Parliament, and a Oliver Cromwell Parliamentary general, who be- major opponent of Charles I before the Civil War. came Lord Protector of the Commonwealth in 1653 Absolutist A ruler who has supreme authority and power Long Parliament A parliament, which met, on and off, from 1640- 1660 General Monck A general who had worked with Charles II The king of England following the Resto- Bishops’ War An uprising against Charles I’s religious reforms which Newcastle Propositions A series of Parliament’s demands in 1646, Charles I and Cromwell who dismissed Parliament ration.
    [Show full text]
  • Charles I: Anatomy of a Regicide
    CHARLES I: ANATOMY OF A REGICIDE __________________ A University Thesis Presented to the Faculty of California State University, East Bay __________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in History __________________ By Robert Louis Brady September, 2015 CHARLES I: ANATOMY OF A REGICIDE By Robert Louis Brady Date: {lf2::;:_ Dee E. Andrews ii TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................1 CHAPTER ONE. CHURCH AND STATE (1509-1625) ............................................14 Henry VIII ............................................................................................................14 Edward VI ............................................................................................................26 Mary I ....................................................................................................................32 Elizabeth I .............................................................................................................43 James I ...................................................................................................................52 Charles I ................................................................................................................73 CHAPTER TWO. RELIGIOUS TENSIONS UNDER CHARLES I ..........................75 The Catholic Question ........................................................................................75 Arminian
    [Show full text]
  • John Milton's Paradise Lost at the Morgan Library & Museum
    Press Contacts Patrick Milliman 212.590.0310, [email protected] Sandra Ho 212.590.0311, [email protected] John Milton’s Paradise Lost at The Morgan Library & Museum Exhibition Features Only Surviving Original Manuscript of Book 1 of Milton’s Masterpiece October 7, 2008, through January 4, 2009 New York, NY, September 24, 2008—To celebrate the four-hundredth anniversary of the birth of the English poet John Milton (1608–1674), The Morgan Library & Museum presents the only surviving manuscript of Milton’s masterpiece Paradise Lost, Book 1 from October 7, 2008, through January 4, 2009 in the Clare Eddy Thaw Gallery. Acquired by Pierpont Morgan in 1904, Paradise Lost, Book 1 is the most important British literary manuscript in the Morgan’s collections. The thirty- three page manuscript has been temporarily disbound for conservation and digitization, providing the public with an unprecedented and unique opportunity to view eight of its original pages, the most that have ever been exhibited at one time. In addition, first editions of Paradise Lost printed in England and the United States during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries are on view as well as John Milton, Paradise Lost. Manuscript of Book 1, in a handsomely bound copy of the book from the library of King Charles II of the hand of an amanuensis, corrected at Milton’s direction, ca. 1665. Purchased by Pierpont Morgan, 1904, The Morgan Library & Museum; MA 307. England (1630–1685). A rarely seen miniature portrait of Milton is also exhibited. “The manuscript of Paradise Lost is one of the iconic works in the Morgan’s collections and a touchstone of Western civilization,” said William M.
    [Show full text]
  • Read Some of Charles I's Defence at His Trial.Pdf
    I HISTORIC ROYAL SPEECHES AND WRITINGS CHARLES I (r. 1625-1649) The trial and execution of Charles I In January 1649, Parliament established a High Court of Justice, under the presidency of John Bradshaw. On 20 January, the trial of Charles I began in Westminster Hall before some 70 Commissioners; it lasted until 27 January. Charles was accused of devising 'a wicked design to erect and uphold in himself an unlimited and tyrannical power to rule according to his Will, and to overthrow the Rights and Liberties of the People'. In carrying out this strategy, he had 'traitorously and maliciously levied war against the present Parliament and the people therein represented', and renewed the war after his defeat with the sole objective of 'upholding of a personal interest of Will and Power and pretended prerogative to himself and his family against the public interest, common right, liberty, justice and peace of the people of this nation'. On behalf of the people of England, the King was impeached 'as a Tyrant, Traitor, Murderer, and a public and implacable Enemy to the Commonwealth of England'. The following extracts are from contemporary accounts of the trial. Those present noticed that Charles, who had never been a good speaker throughout his life as he had a speech impediment, spoke fluently, strongly and clearly almost throughout his trial. I would know by what power I am called hither ... I would know by what authority, I mean lawful; there are many unlawful authorities in the world; thieves and robbers by the high-ways ... Remember, I am your King, your lawful King, and what sins you bring upon your heads, and the judgement of God upon this land.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Time of a Woman, Which Sex Was Not Capable of Mature Deliberation
    Cornell University Law School Scholarship@Cornell Law: A Digital Repository Cornell Law Faculty Publications Faculty Scholarship 7-18-2013 'In the Time of a Woman, Which Sex Was Not Capable of Mature Deliberation': Late Tudor Parliamentary Relations and their Early Stuart Discontents Josh Chafetz Cornell Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/facpub Part of the European History Commons, Legal History, Theory and Process Commons, and the Political History Commons Recommended Citation Chafetz, Josh, "'In the Time of a Woman, Which Sex Was Not Capable of Mature Deliberation': Late Tudor Parliamentary Relations and their Early Stuart Discontents" (2013). Cornell Law Faculty Publications. Paper 587. http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/facpub/587 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Scholarship at Scholarship@Cornell Law: A Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Cornell Law Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Cornell Law: A Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 33760-ylh_25-2 Sheet No. 4 Side A 07/10/2013 12:28:45 CHAFETZ 7/5/2013 12:38 PM Articles “In the Time of a Woman, Which Sex Was Not Capable of Mature Deliberation”: Late Tudor Parliamentary Relations and Their Early Stuart Discontents Josh Chafetz* 33760-ylh_25-2 Sheet No. 4 Side A 07/10/2013 12:28:45 INTRODUCTION It is one of the most well-known incidents in English constitutional history. On December 1, 1641, the increasingly restive House of Commons presented Charles I with the so-called Grand Remonstrance, a list of 206 enumerated grievances, encompassing the entirety of his reign to date.1 The King was not amused.
    [Show full text]
  • Puritan Iconoclasm During the English Civil War
    Puritan Iconoclasm during the English Civil War Julie Spraggon THE BOYDELL PRESS STUDIES IN MODERN BRITISH RELIGIOUS HISTORY Volume 6 Puritan Iconoclasm during the English Civil War This work offers a detailed analysis of Puritan iconoclasm in England during the 1640s, looking at the reasons for the resurgence of image- breaking a hundred years after the break with Rome, and the extent of the phenomenon. Initially a reaction to the emphasis on ceremony and the ‘beauty of holiness’ under Archbishop Laud, the attack on ‘innovations’, such as communion rails, images and stained glass windows, developed into a major campaign driven forward by the Long Parliament as part of its religious reformation. Increasingly radical legislation targeted not just ‘new popery’, but pre-Reformation survivals and a wide range of objects (including some which had been acceptable to the Elizabethan and Jacobean Church). The book makes a detailed survey of parliament’s legislation against images, considering the question of how and how far this legislation was enforced generally, with specific case studies looking at the impact of the iconoclastic reformation in London, in the cathedrals and at the universities. Parallel to this official movement was an unofficial one undertaken by Parliamentary soldiers, whose violent destructiveness became notori- ous. The significance of this spontaneous action and the importance of the anti-Catholic and anti-episcopal feelings that it represented are also examined. Dr JULIE SPRAGGON works at the Institute of Historical Research
    [Show full text]
  • Why Did People Want the King Back in 1646
    Civil War > Why did people go to war in 1642? > Key people & events Why did people go to war in 1642? Key people & events Charles I’s Personal Rule Most monarchs disliked having to listen to Parliament. However, they always had to call Parliaments because they needed money and they needed Parliament to agree to taxes to raise that money. In return, MPs could express their concerns in Parliament about particular issues. From 1629-40 Charles I ruled without calling Parliament. During this Personal Rule, Charles began to work closely with his officials to raise money without asking Parliament. He did this very successfully. Charles increased his income from £600,000 to £900,000 per year. However, he created a lot of bad feeling as a result. • In 1626-7 he introduced a forced loan. Wealthy nobles and gentry were forced to Charles money whether or not they wanted to. Five knights who refused to pay the loan were thrown into prison without a fair trial and left there. • Charles brought in a range of new customs duties and collected them very effectively. (New customs duties usually had to be approved by Parliament.) • Charles also sold monopolies and patents. These gave control of a particular trade to one individual or company. This meant that other traders either had to pay to take part in the trade or they might be forced out of it altogether. • Charles collected ship money. This was a tax traditionally paid in counties that had coastlines. It paid for the navy to protect the coast. Charles forced people in all counties to pay ship money.
    [Show full text]