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Family Cobitidae

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FAMILY Cobitidae Swainson, 1838 - true loaches [=Cylindrosomes, Cobites, ?Acanthopsides, Acanthophthalminae, Misgurninae] Notes: [ICZN Opinion 1500] Cylindrosomes Duméril, 1805:138 [ref. 1151] (family) ? Cobitis [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Cobites Jarocki, 1822:27, 94 [ref. 4984] (family) Cobitis [stem Cobit- confirmed by Fitzinger 1832:332 [ref. 5019] and by Swainson 1838:227 [ref. 4302]; senior objective synonym of Acantophthalminae Gill, 1861] Cobitidae Swainson, 1838:227, 231, 360 [ref. 4302] (subfamily) Cobitis [stem changed to Cobitid- by Günther 1868:344 [ref. 1990], confirmed by Regan 1911e:31 [ref. 3642] and by Steyskal 1980:170 [ref. 14191]; Cobitidae Swainson, 1838 on Official List of Family-Group Names in Zoology ICZN Opinion 1500; senior objective synonym of Acantophthalminae Gill, 1861] ?Acanthopsides Heckel & Kner, 1858:296 [ref. 2078] (family) †Acanthopsis Agassiz [= ? Cobitis; ref. 2078 possibly published autumn 1857] Acanthophthalminae Gill, 1861b:7 [ref. 32167] (subfamily) Acantophthalmus [Acanthophthalmus inferred from the stem; junior objective synonym of Cobites Jarocki, 1822, invalid, Article 61.3.2] Misgurninae Fowler, 1905b:474 [ref. 1370] (subfamily) Misgurnus [erroneously as Misgurnoinae in Nalbant 2002:328 [ref. 27361]] GENUS Acantopsis van Hasselt, 1823 - horse-faced loaches [=Acantopsis van Hasselt [J. C.], 1823:133, Prostheacanthus Blyth [E.], 1860:167] Notes: [ref. 5963]. Fem. Acantopsis dialuzona van Hasselt, 1823. Type by monotypy. Spelled Acantopsis in 1823 and Acanthopsis in French version (= van Hasselt 1824:376, 377 [ref. 5104]); Code requires use of original spelling. See Kottelat 1987:372 [ref. 5962]. •Valid as Acantopsis van Hasselt, 1823 -- (Chen 1981:22 [ref. 8242], Kottelat 1985:267 [ref. 11441], Roberts 1989:99 [ref. 6439], Kottelat 1989:13 [ref. 13605], Ye in Pan et al. 1991:252 [ref. 23876], Menon 1992:102 [ref. 23970], Nalbant 1994:376 [ref. 22051], Doi 1997:25 [ref. 22832], Kottelat & Tan 2008:69 [ref. 29956], Havird et al. 2010:2 [ref. 30908], Kottelat 2012:22 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:177 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Acantopsis van Hasselt, 1823. Cobitidae. (Prostheacanthus) [ref. 477]. Masc. Prostheacanthus spectabilis Blyth, 1860. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Acantopsis van Hasselt, 1823 -- (Kottelat 2012:22 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:177 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Acantopsis van Hasselt, 1823. Cobitidae. Species Acantopsis dialuzona van Hasselt, 1823 - horse-faced loach [=Acantopsis dialuzona van Hasselt [J. C.], 1823:133, Acanthopsis biaculeata Rüppell [W. P. E. S.], 1852:28, Acanthopsis choerorhynchus Günther [A.], 1868:365, Cobitis choirorhynchos Bleeker [P.], 1854:95, Cobitis macrorhynchos Bleeker [P.], 1854:95] Notes: [Algemeene Konst- en Letter-bode II Deel (no. 35); ref. 5963] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Acantopsis dialuzona van Hasselt, 1823. Cobitidae. Distribution: Southeastern Asia. Habitat: freshwater. (biaculeata) [Fische und deren Skelette; ref. 3846] Current status: Synonym of Acantopsis dialuzona van Hasselt, 1823. Cobitidae. (choerorhynchus) [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 7; ref. 1990] Current status: Synonym of Acantopsis choirorhynchos (Bleeker, 1854). Cobitidae. Habitat: freshwater. (choirorhynchos) [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 7; ref. 16939] Confluence of Lamatang and Enim rivers, eastern Sumatra, Palembang Province, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Acantopsis dialuzona van Hasselt, 1823. Cobitidae. Distribution: Asia (if valid). Habitat: freshwater. (macrorhynchos)[Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 7; ref. 16939] Borneo or Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Acantopsis dialuzona van Hasselt, 1823. Cobitidae. Habitat: freshwater. Species Acantopsis octoactinotos Siebert, 1991 - eyeline horse-faced loach (author) [=Acantopsis octoactinotos Siebert [D. J.], 1991:910, Figs. 1-4] Notes: [Copeia 1991 (no. 4); ref. 20043] Unnamed tributary of Kinabatangan River near Sungei Deramakot, about 5°18'N, 117°33'E, Kinabatangan District, Sabah, Borneo, Malaysia. Current status: Valid as Acantopsis octoactinotos Siebert, 1991. Cobitidae. Distribution: Indonesia. Habitat: freshwater. Species Acantopsis spectabilis (Blyth, 1860) - Tenasserim horse-faced loach (author) (no image available - author) [=Prostheacathus spectabilis Blyth [E.], 1860:167] Notes: [Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal v. 29 (no. 2); ref. 477] Tenasserim provinces, Burma. Current status: Valid as Acantopsis spectabilis (Blyth, 1860). Cobitidae. Distribution: not given Habitat: freshwater. Species Acantopsis thiemmedhi Sontirat, 1999 - Thiemmedhi's horse-faced loach [=Acantopsis thiemmedhi Sontirat [S.], 1999:66, Fig. 1] Notes: [Proceedings of the 5th Indo-Pacific Fish Conference; ref. 23935] Huey Nam Khoon, Huey Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary, Amphur Lan Sak, Uthai Thani Province Thailand, elevation 200 meters. Current status: Valid as Acantopsis thiemmedhi Sontirat, 1999. Cobitidae. Distribution: Thailand. Habitat: freshwater. GENUS Aperioptus Richardson, 1848 - loaches [=Aperioptus Richardson [J.], 1848:27, Acanthopsoides Fowler [H. W.], 1934:103, Neacanthopsis Smith [H. M.], 1945:297] Notes: [ref. 3744]. Masc. Aperioptus pictorius Richardson, 1848. Type by monotypy. •Unidentifiable -- (Roberts 1972:2 [ref. 12567]). •Possibly synonymy of Acantopsis van Hasselt, 1823 -- (Kottelat 2012:22 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:177 [ref. 32989]). •Valid as Aperioptus Richardson, 1848 -- (Page & Tangjitjaroen 2015:179 [ref. 33815]). Current status: Valid as Aperioptus Richardson, 1848. Cobitidae. (Acanthopsoides) [ref. 1417]. Masc. Acanthopsoides gracilis Fowler, 1934. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Acanthopsoides Fowler, 1934 -- (Nalbant 1963:365 [ref. 3140], Sawada 1982:201 [ref. 14111], Kottelat 1985:267 [ref. 11441], Kottelat 1989:13 [ref. 13605], Roberts 1989:94 [ref. 6439], Siebert 1991 [ref. 20084], Nalbant 1994:376 [ref. 22051], Doi 1997:25 [ref. 22832] as Acanthopsides, Son & He 2001:1 [ref. 25331], Kottelat & Tan 2008:69 [ref. 29956], Havird et al. 2010:2 [ref. 30908], Kottelat 2012:21 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:176 [ref. 32989], Zhang et al. 2016:151 [ref. 34477]). •Valid as Aperioptus Richardson, 1848 -- (Page & Tangjitjaroen 2015:179 [ref. 33815]). Current status: Synonym of Aperioptus Richardson, 1848. Cobitidae. (Neacanthopsis) [ref. 4056]. Fem. Neacanthopsis gracilentus Smith, 1945. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Neacanthopsis Smith, 1945 -- (Kottelat 1989:13 [ref. 13605]). •Synonym of Acanthopsoides Fowler, 1934 -- (Siebert 1991:98 [ref. 20084], Kottelat 2012:21 [ref. 32367], Kottelat 2013:177 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Aperioptus Richardson, 1848 -- (Page & Tangjitjaroen 2015:179 [ref. 33815]). Current status: Synonym of Aperioptus Richardson, 1848. Cobitidae. Species Aperioptus delphax (Siebert, 1991) - Salween delphax loach (author) [=Acanthopsoides delphax Siebert [D. J.], 1991:105, Fig. 6] Notes: [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 38 (no. 2); ref. 20084] Salween River at Mae Sahm, west of Mae Sariang, Thailand. Current status: Valid as Aperioptus delphax (Siebert, 1991). Cobitidae. Distribution: Asia. Habitat: freshwater. Species Aperioptus gracilentus (Smith, 1945) - Meping aperioptus loach (author) [=Neacanthopsis gracilentus Smith [H. M.], 1945:297, Fig. 61, Acanthopsoides namromensis Nguyen [V. H.], 2005:559, Fig. 8] Notes: [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 188; ref. 4056] Meping River north of Chieng Mai [Chiang Mai], Chiengdao, northern Thailand. Current status: Valid as Aperioptus gracilentus (Smith, 1945). Cobitidae. Distribution: Asia. Habitat: freshwater. (namromensis) [Freshwater fishes of Vietnam v. 2; ref. 29730] Nâm Rôm River, Dien Bien Phu, Vietnam. Current status: Synonym of Aperioptus gracilentus (Smith, 1945). Cobitidae. Distribution: Nâm Rôm and Nâm Núa river systems, Dien Bien, Vietnam (if valid). Habitat: freshwater. Species Aperioptus gracilis (Fowler, 1934) - gracile aperiotus loach (author) [=Acathopsoides gracilis Fowler [H. W.], 1934:103, Fig. 55] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 86; ref. 1417] Chieng Mai [Chiang Mai], Chao Phraya River basin, Mekong basin, northern Thailand. Current status: Valid as Aperioptus gracilis (Fowler, 1934). Cobitidae. Distribution: Asia. Habitat: freshwater. Species Aperioptus hapalias (Siebert, 1991) - Phimai aperioptus loach (author) [=Acathopsoides hapalias Siebert [D. J.], 1991:106, Fig. 7] Notes: [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 38 (no. 2); ref. 20084] Lam Nam Mun, 2 kilometers downstream from Phimai, 15°14'N, 102°31'E, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Mekong River basin, Thailand. Current status: Valid as Aperioptus hapalias (Siebert, 1991). Cobitidae. Distribution: Asia. Habitat: freshwater. Species Aperioptus molobrion (Siebert, 1991) - Bo River aperioptus loach (author) [=Acathopsoides molobrion Siebert [D. J.], 1991:107, Fig. 8] Notes: [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 38 (no. 2); ref. 20084] Bo River [= Sungai Boh], Mahakam River basin, Kalimantan Tiimur, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Aperioptus pictorius Richardson, 1848. Cobitidae. Distribution: Southeastern Asia. Habitat: freshwater. Species Aperioptus pictorius Richardson, 1848 - pictorius loach (author) [=Aperioptus pictorius Richardson [J.], 1848:27, Pl. 10 (figs. 4-5)] Notes: [The zoology of the voyage of H. M. S. Samarang; ref. 3744] Borneo. Current status: Valid as Aperioptus pictorius
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    Checklist Never release your aquarium How to care for... Before purchase make sure that: animals or plants into the wild Never release an animal or plant bought for a home aquarium into the wild. It is illegal and for most fish species 1 You have the appropriate equipment and position for the aquarium. this will lead to an untimely and possibly lingering death because they are not native to this country. Any animals or You have researched all the species you are interested plants that do survive might be harmful to the environment. Loaches 2 in and your final choices are all compatible. You are familiar with how to transport and release Important things to remember 3 Always buy... your fish. test kits and regularly check the water for ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and pH. This will allow you to make sure the water in You are aware of the daily, weekly and monthly 4 your aquarium is not causing welfare problems for your fish. maintenance your aquarium will require. Establish a routine... 5 You are prepared to look after your fish properly for for testing the water in your aquarium. Record your results the duration of their life. to enable you to highlight fluctuations quickly. Also check 36 Tropical freshwater fish the temperature of the water. Equipment Maintain... 1 Glass or plastic aquarium the water in the aquarium within the accepted parameters highlighted in this leaflet. You may need to do regular water Gravel cleaner 2 changes to achieve this. 3 Water testing kit Always wash your hands... 4 Tap water conditioner making sure to rinse off all soap residues, before putting them into your aquarium.
  • Phylogenetic Position of the Fish Genus Ellopostoma (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) Using Molecular Genetic Data

    Phylogenetic Position of the Fish Genus Ellopostoma (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) Using Molecular Genetic Data

    157 Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 157-162, 2 figs., June 2009 © 2009 by Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München, Germany – ISSN 0936-9902 Phylogenetic position of the fish genus Ellopostoma (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) using molecular genetic data Jörg Bohlen* and Vendula Šlechtová* We investigated the phylogenetic position of Ellopostoma based on nuclear sequence data (RAG-1 gene). Ellopo- stoma is a member of the superfamily Cobitoidea (loaches) of Cypriniformes, but does not belong to any of the currently recognised families. It represents an independent lineage, recognised as a distinct new family Ellopo- stomatidae, characterized by a squarish and oblique snout, a minute protrusible mouth, a single pair of barbels, large eyes and 35-38 pharyngeal teeth. Introduction middle stretches of the Kapuas River in western Borneo. It is only in 1976 that the species was With about 3800 recognised species, the freshwa- collected again, also in the Kapuas (Roberts, 1989). ter fish order Cypriniformes (Osteichthyes: Tele- Kottelat (1989) recorded the presence of an un- ostei) is one of the largest recognised to date named Ellopostoma from the Malay Peninsula among vertebrates. It is divided into two main [Tapi River, Thailand], later described by Tan & lineages, the superfamilies Cyprinoidea (carps, Lim (2002) as E. mystax. Kottelat & Widjanarti minnows and related fishes) and Cobitoidea (2005) provide additional records of E. megalo- (loaches and related fishes) (Nelson, 2006). With- mycter, also in the Kapuas drainage. in Cobitoidea seven lineages are recognizable Because of its unique morphological features, (called families by e. g., Šlechtová et al., 2007; Chen the phylogenetic position of Ellopostoma has been & Mayden, 2009).