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Chapter 12: Memory Chapter 12: Memory Collection Editor: Jim Buuck Chapter 12: Memory Collection Editor: Jim Buuck Author: OpenStax Online: < http://cnx.org/content/col12206/1.1/ > OpenStax-CNX This selection and arrangement of content as a collection is copyrighted by Jim Buuck. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Collection structure revised: July 25, 2017 PDF generated: February 28, 2018 For copyright and attribution information for the modules contained in this collection, see p. 53. Table of Contents 1 Introduction .......................................................................................1 2 How Memory Functions ..........................................................................5 3 Parts of the Brain Involved with Memory .....................................................17 4 Problems with Memory .........................................................................25 5 Ways to Enhance Memory ......................................................................41 Glossary .............................................................................................48 Index ................................................................................................51 Attributions .........................................................................................53 iv Available for free at Connexions <http://cnx.org/content/col12206/1.1> Chapter 1 Introduction1 Figure 1.1: Photographs can trigger our memories and bring past experiences back to life. (credit: modication of work by Cory Zanker) We may be top-notch learners, but if we don't have a way to store what we've learned, what good is the knowledge we've gained? Take a few minutes to imagine what your day might be like if you could not remember anything you had learned. You would have to gure out how to get dressed. What clothing should you wear, and how do buttons and zippers work? You would need someone to teach you how to brush your teeth and tie your shoes. Who would you ask for help with these tasks, since you wouldn't recognize the faces of these people in your house? Wait . is this even your house? Uh oh, your stomach begins to rumble and you feel hungry. You'd like something to eat, but you don't know where the food is kept or even how to prepare it. 1This content is available online at <http://cnx.org/content/m49090/1.4/>. Available for free at Connexions <http://cnx.org/content/col12206/1.1> 1 2 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION Oh dear, this is getting confusing. Maybe it would be best just go back to bed. A bed . what is a bed? We have an amazing capacity for memory, but how, exactly, do we process and store information? Are there dierent kinds of memory, and if so, what characterizes the dierent types? How, exactly, do we retrieve our memories? And why do we forget? This chapter will explore these questions as we learn about memory. 1.1 References Abel, M., & Bäuml, K.-H. T. (2013). Sleep can reduce proactive interference. Memory, 22(4), 332339. doi:10.1080/09658211.2013.785570. Retrieved from http://www.psychologie.uni- regensburg.de/Baeuml/papers_in_press/sleepPI.pdf Anderson, N. S. (1969). The inuence of acoustic similarity on serial recall of letter sequences. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 21(3), 248255. Anderson, R. C. (1984). Role of the reader's schema in comprehension, learning, and memory. In R. C. Anderson, J. Osborn, & R. J. 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Self-reported amnesia for abuse in adults molested as children. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 6, 2131. Carli, L. (1999). Cognitive reconstruction, hindsight, and reactions to victims and perpetrators. Person- ality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25(8), 966979. doi:10.1177/01461672992511005 Ceci, S. J., & Bruck, M. (1993). Child witness: Translating research into policy. Social Policy Report, 7(3), 130. Ceci, S. J., & Bruck, M. (1995). Jeopardy in the courtroom: A scientic analysis of children's testimony. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Cheit, R. E. (2007). The recovered memory project. Retrieved from http://blogs.brown.edu/recoveredmemory/. Christianson, S. A. (1992). The handbook of emotion and memory: Research and theory. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Available for free at Connexions <http://cnx.org/content/col12206/1.1> 3 Clark, R. E., Zola, S. M., & Squire, L. R. (2000). Impaired recognition memory in rats after damage to the hippocampus. 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