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Bioresources Technology Unit Bioresources Technology Unit Research Profile National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Foreword The Bioresources Technology Unit was founded in 2007 and includes researchers each with at least 10 years of research experience in biodiversity utilization at BIOTEC. These scientists had established themselves internationally in the fields of microbial taxonomy and natural product chemistry and as members of this new unit their initial task was to strengthen cooperation and realign the focus of the members of this new group to work on the ex situ conservation and utilization of microorganisms. Although world-wide, survey, collection, identification and utilization of microorganisms are common research activities of research institutes, systematic exploration and subsequent discovery of useful compounds require a highly coordinated work environment to achieve rapid results. The Unit now consists of scientists with expertise in a wide variety of fields ranging from microbial taxonomy, II ecology, molecular biology, chemistry and information technology. In addition, because government regulators are currently struggling to keep up with rapid changes in biotechnology and microbial resource management, legal experts are also incorporated into the Unit in order to define guidelines and conduct research on bioresources management in aspects that are not currently regulated by existing Thai laws. Understanding biodiversity while advancing its utilization is a complex task. The Bioresources Technology Unit has demonstrated that with the efforts of many scientists working as a team and with partners both local and international, Thailand can discover under-explored and under-utilized microorganisms, as well as conserve them and harness their useful properties for the benefit of Thailand and others. (Dr. Kanyawim Kirtikara) Director National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC) Foreword Bioresources Technology Unit (BTU) Microbes are important sources of various biological compounds and enzymes that are useful for humans, from food to essential therapeutic proteins. The Bioresources Technology Unit (BTU) was established in recognition of the need to explore the rich diversity of microorganisms in Thailand. Our main interests are thus to collect, identify, preserve and systematically utilize Thai-indigenous microorganisms. Several environmental challenges, including global warming underlie the urgency to collect and identify new microbial strains from environmental habitats all over Thailand. In the near future, the BIOTEC Culture Collection (BCC) which currently houses more than 30,000 microbial strains will act as a Biological Resource Center (BRC). The BRC will not only continue its previous role as a depository of microbial strains, but will also provide other types of biological materials such as DNA, and all associated information. III To maximize the bioresources’ potential, several systems for systematic storage of biological extracts and chemical libraries, together with semi-high throughput capability in conducting various biological assays have been established. Our bioresource management system set up in the unit allows us to speed up the vast amount of information. This will not only facilitate us in utilization of our resources efficiently, but also in connecting us to other leading research institutes. Over the past few years, BTU has also established several collaborations with world-leading pharma and biotechnological companies, e.g. Novartis for the scientific exchange of techniques and expertise. BTU also plays a role as a training hub for our neighboring countries in microbial preservation and identification. Our vision is to be a Center for bioresources research for this region. (Dr. Lily Eurwilaichitr) Director Bioresources Technology Unit Page BIORESOURCES TECHNOLOGY UNIT • Introduction VI BIORESOURCES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROGRAM 1. BIOTEC Culture Collection Laboratory (BCC) 15 The BCC Collections 15 Database Management 16 Services Provided 16 Award 17 Collaboration with Local Scientists 17 Collaboration with International Scientists 17 Research Staff 17 2. Biotechnology Law 18 Research Experiences 18 International and National Legal Developments 19 Collaboration with Local Scientists 19 Collaboration with International Scientists 19 Research Staff 19 DISCOVERY PROGRAM 1. Bioresources Research Laboratory (BRL) 21 Award 23 Contents Collaboration with Local Scientists 23 Collaboration with International Scientists 23 Technical Services 24 IV Research Staff 24 2. Bioassay Laboratory 25 Collaboration with Local Scientists 26 Collaboration with International Scientists 26 Research Staff 26 3. Enzyme Technology Laboratory 27 Enzyme Discovery 28 Optimization of Large-Scale Enzyme Production 29 Enzyme Application in Industry 29 Awards 30 Collaboration with Local Scientists 31 Collaboration with International Scientists 31 Research Staff 31 4. Fermentation Technology and Biochemical Engineering 32 Laboratory Cultivation and Media Development Technology 32 Metabolic Product Optimization Technology 33 Bioprocess Development Technology 34 Collaboration with Local Scientists 35 Collaboration with International Scientists 35 Collaboration with Privates Sectors 35 Research Staff 35 5. Microbial Cell Factory Laboratory 36 Our Current Work in the Laboratory Involves: 36 Development of Cell-Surface Display Expression System Improvement of Protein Production 37 Development of Thai-Isolated New Yeast Strains as Alternative Host 37 Gene Expression in Lactobacillus 37 Collaboration 37 Collaboration with Local Scientists 38 Collaboration with International Scientists 38 Collaboration with Private Sector 38 Research Staff 38 Page 6. Microbial Engineering Laboratory 39 Exploration of Biocontrol Agents 40 Molecular Mechanism of Mosquito Larvicidal Toxins 40 Resistance Mechanism in Mosquito Larvae 41 Development of a host cell for Production of Insecticidal Proteins 41 Production of VIP3Aa for Effective Control of Insect Pests 42 Collaboration with Local Scientists 42 Collaboration with International Scientists 42 Research Staff 42 MICROORGANISM PROGRAM 1. Mycology laboratory 44 Biodiversity of Fungi in Thailand 44 Insect Fungi 45 Seed Decay Fungi 45 Coelomyceteous Fungi 45 Palm Fungi of a Peat Swamp Forest 46 Fungal Herbarium 46 Collaboration with Local Scientists 47 Collaboration with International Scientists 47 Research Staff 47 2. Phylogenetics Laboratory 48 Invertebrate-Pathogenic Fungi 48 Marine Fungi 48 Molecular Identification of Endophytic and Non-Sporulating Fungi which 49 Contents Produce Antimicrobial Subtances Saprophytic and Endophytic Fungi from Nypa fruticans 49 Aquatic Fungi 50 V Polyketide Synthases (PKS) 50 Awards 50 Collaboration with Local Scientists 51 Collaboration with International Scientists 51 Research Staff 51 INFORMATION SYSTEMS PROGRAM 1. The Information Systems Laboratory 53 Bioresource Data Management 53 Sharing and Networking Microbial Information Resources 55 Omics Data Analysis and Tools 56 Development of Interactive Training Digital Media 57 Award 58 Collaboration with International Scientists 58 Research Staff 58 2. Geoinformatics Laboratory 59 Ecosystems of the Bala Wildlife Sanctuary and Their Impact Assessment 59 Flora Survey in the Nature Trail of Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary 60 The Sugarcane (Saccharum) Spatial Database Development for Production 61 Improvement and Supply Management Biology Study and Pollen Distribution of Papaya by Computer Modeling with GIS system 61 Collaboration with Local Scientists 62 Collaboration with International Scientists 62 Research Staff 62 3. Ecology Laboratory 63 The Mo Singto Research Site 63 Smaller Research Plots 65 Future Research Directions 65 Awards 66 Collaboration with Local Scientists 66 Collaboration with International Scientists 66 Research Staff 66 Publication (2004-September 2009) 67 Bioresources Technology Unit The Bioresources Research Program was established in 1996 with the focus on research and development of the preservation, utilization and conservation of bioresources. The program has a special emphasis on the utilization of biotechnology as a core technology to increase the value of commercial products, such as food and feed products, enzyme products, drug and bioactive compounds and bio-control products. Since the Program was established over a decade ago under the BIOTEC Central Research Unit, the program has generated a substantial amount of research output. In 2007, the Bioresources Research Program was separated from the BIOTEC Central Research unit to set up a new research unit called the Bioresources Technology Unit with the aim of conducting research focused on conservation and effective utilization of bioresources. The Bioresources Technology Unit is now the major research program of BIOTEC, taking up one-third of BIOTEC’s research staff whose research is coordinated to strongly support BIOTEC’s Bioresources Technology Program. The mission of the Bioresources Technology Unit is: i) to exploit the unique natural resources available in Thailand using biotechnologies to convert into value-added products required in the pharmaceutical, food Introduction and feed, and enzyme industries ii) to develop both platform and innovative VI technologies to build national infrastructure and research and development on the utilization of bioresources. The vision is to become a leading bioresources technology research unit that promotes sustainable use of biodiversity for deriving high value added products and economic
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