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Bío Bío Region, Chile Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Bío Bío Region, Chile Region, Bío Bío Development City and Regional Education in Higher Higher Education in Regional and City Development Bío Bío Region, Chile 2010 ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT The OECD is a unique forum where governments work together to address the economic, social and environmental challenges of globalisation. The OECD is also at the forefront of efforts to understand and to help governments respond to new developments and concerns, such as corporate governance, the information economy and the challenges of an ageing population. The Organisation provides a setting where governments can compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practice and work to co-ordinate domestic and international policies. The OECD member countries are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, )SRAEL Italy,Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, theSlovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and theUnited States. The European Commission takes part in the work of the OECD. OECD Publishing disseminates widely the results of the Organisation’s statistics gathering and research on economic, social and environmental issues, as well as the conventions, guidelines and standards agreed by its members. The World Bank is one of the world’s largest sources of funding and knowledge for developing countries. The World Bank is not a bank in the common sense, but a group of 5 development institutions, owned by 185 member countries, playing a different but collaborative role to help developing countries reduce poverty, increase economic growth and improve their quality of life. In particular, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) focuses on middle income and creditworthy poor countries, while the International Development Association (IDA) focuses on the poorest countries in the world. Together they provide low interest loans, interest-free credits and grants in support of education, health, public administration, infrastructure, financial and private sector development, agriculture, and environmental and natural resource management. Since its establishment IDA has provided credits and grants totaling USD 161 billion. In fiscal year 2008, IBRD provided loans equivalent to USD 13.4 billion and IDA credits equivalent to USD 11.2 billion. This work is published on the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Organisation, the Executive Directors of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ The World Bank, or of the governments they represent. ISBN 978-92-64-08893-1 (PDF) Series: Higher Education in Regional and City Development ISSN 2218-3140 (online) Photo credits: Cover image design © Francisco Esquer Mares. Cover photo © José Linez Gonzáles. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found on line at: www.oecd.org/publishing/corrigenda. © OECD and the International Bank Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank, 2010 You can copy, download or print OECD content for your own use, and you can include excerpts from OECD publications, databases and multimedia products in your own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that suitable acknowledgment of OECD as source and copyright owner is given. All requests for public or commercial use and translation rights should be submitted to [email protected]. Requests for permission to photocopy portions of this material for public or commercial use shall be addressed directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) at [email protected] or the Centre français d’exploitation du droit de copie (CFC) at [email protected]. FOREWORD – 3 Foreword Universities and other higher education institutions can play a key role in human capital development and innovation systems in their cities and regions. Reviews of Higher Education in Regional and City Development are the OECD’s vehicle to mobilise higher education for economic, social and cultural development of cities and regions. The reviews analyse how the higher education system impacts local and regional development and help how this impact can be improved. In addition to human capital and skills development, technology transfer and business innovation, the reviews also considers higher education’s contribution to social, cultural and environmental development and regional capacity building. The review process facilitates partnership building in regions by drawing together higher education institutions and public and private agencies to identify strategic goals and work together towards them. To know more about the OECD review process and requirements, visit Higher Education and Regions’ website at www.oecd.org/edu/imhe/regionaldevelopment. These reviews are part of a wider multi-annum work of higher education in cities and regions coordinated by the OECD Programme on Institutional Management of Higher Education (IMHE). In 2004-07, the OECD/IMHE conducted an extensive study with fourteen regional reviews across 12 countries. This resulted in the OECD flagship publication Higher Education and Regions: Globally Competitive, Locally Engaged (OECD, 2007) with recommendations to benefit both higher education institutions and national and regional governments. In 2008, the OECD/IMHE launched a second series of OECD Reviews of Higher Education in Regional and City Development to address the demand by national and regional governments for more responsive and proactive higher education institutions. As a result, 14 regions in 11 countries have undergone the OECD review process in 2008-10. The reviews are conducted in collaboration with international organisations and associations and other OECD programmes and directorates. This work also supports the OECD Innovation Strategy and OECD Green Growth Strategy. HIGHER EDUCATION IN REGIONAL AND CITY DEVELOPMENT: THE BÍO BÍO REGION, CHILE – © OECD 2010 4 – FOREWORD This OECD/World Bank review of the Bío Bío Region in Chile has pioneering in three ways: it has been the first of its kind to be conducted in Chile; the first to be conducted in collaboration with the World Bank; and was the inaugural region reviewed of the second round of OECD Reviews of Higher Education in Regional and City Development. This OECD/World Bank review calls for closer collaboration between higher education institutions and regional and local government to help secure sustainable development. As the people of the Bío Bío Region rebuild their society and their economy after the devastating earthquake of February 2010, it is more than ever essential that these institutions and organisms work together to bring recovery and progress. HIGHER EDUCATION IN REGIONAL AND CITY DEVELOPMENT: THE BÍO BÍO REGION, CHILE –© OECD 2010 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS – 5 Acknowledgements Numerous national and regional stakeholders and representatives of higher education institutions provided valuable insights during the review visit and in the form of comments. This OECD report is based on data published up to and including 2009. The OECD and the World Bank would like to thank in particular the lead coordinators and other active local counterparts for this review: Martin Zilic, Andrés Viveros, Sergio Lavanchy, Héctor Gaete, Juan Cancino, Javier Vera, Aldo Ballerini, Claudio Lapostol, Marcos Delucchi, Felix Alderstein, Daniela Moraga, Pelayo Covarrubias and the rest of the regional steering committee (see Annex 2). Additional thanks goes to Eliana Chamizo, Ricardo Reich, Mónica Poblete and Juan Sandoval. This publication draws on interviews carried out during a week-long review visit held on 16-22 August 2009 findings of the Bío Bío Region’s Self-evaluation Report and using additional information provided to the review team. The OECD/World Bank Review Team had a full and intensive programme and were received openly by a wide range of stakeholders. The team had the benefit of an extensive and reflective Self Evaluation Report prepared by a research team lead by Jorge Dresdner (see Annex 3) which went beyond description to postulating a number of hypotheses about strengths and weaknesses which the team were able to test. The team were also able to rely on a range of other reports, including the OECD/World Bank Review of Tertiary Education in Chile (2009) and the OECD Territorial Review (2009) – and tested their conclusions and recommendations within the higher education sector in the Bío Bío Region. This publication was co-ordinated by Jaana Puukka (OECD/IMHE), with support from Ernesto Flores, a Mexican national seconded from Sonora Institute of Technology (ITSON) to the OECD/IMHE. Peer reviewers from the World Bank, Chile, France and United States participated in the review process: Michael Crawford (World Bank), Dewayne Mathews (Lumina Foundation, US), Philip Wade (consultant on regional policy and former OECD staff), Jorge Yutronic (national expert, Chile). Details about the Review Team are at Annex 1 of this report. Rachel Linden supervised the publication process and Fionnuala Canning provided invaluable assistance in the editing phase. HIGHER EDUCATION IN REGIONAL AND CITY DEVELOPMENT: THE BÍO BÍO REGION, CHILE – © OECD 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS
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