Crónica De Las Fiestas De La Candelaria En Matanzas De 1872 5

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Crónica De Las Fiestas De La Candelaria En Matanzas De 1872 5 desde J4mérica Crónica de las fiestas de la Candelaria en Matanzas de 1872 5 - Manuel Hernandez González [ed.] Crónica de las fiestas de la Candelaria en Matanzas Crónica de las fiestas de la Candelaria en Matanzas Los orígenes del asociacionismo canario en Cuba Manuel Hemiindez González (ed.) . .. ,. Colección dirigida por: Manuel Hernández González Maquetación: Vanessa Rodnguez Breijo Directora de arte: Rosa Cigala García Control de edición: Vanessa Rodríguez Breijo Crónica de las fiestas de la Candelaria en Matanzas de 1872. Los orígenes del asociacionismo canario en Cuba Manuel Hernández González (ed.) Primera edición en Ediciones Idea: 2009 O De la edición: Ediciones Idea, 2009 O Del estudio critico: Manuel Hernández González, 2009 Ediciones Idea San CLemente, 24, Edificio El Pilar 38002 Santa Cruz de Tenenfe. Tel.: 922 532150 Fax: 922 286062 León y Castillo, 39 - 4' B 35003 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Tel.: 928 373637 - 928 381827 Fax: 928 3821 96 Fotomecánica e impresión: Publidisa Impreso en Espaíia - Printed in Spain ISBN: 978-84-8382-961-5 Depósito legal: TF-1683-2009 Ninguna parte de esta publicación, incluido el diseíio, puede ser reproducida, almacenada o transmitida en manera alguna ni por medio alguno, ya sea eléc- trico, mecánico, Óptico, de grabación o de fotocopia, sin permiso previo y expreso del editor. - -"- CEDOCAM Con el patrocinio de: Cdl m- Índice Estudo crítico . El asociacionismo canario en América. Manuel Hernández González ......................................................11 El marco . Los orígenes del asociacionismo en Cuba .............13 Las fiestas de la Candelaria de Matanzas'.................................. 17 ' Los planteamientos de su Comisión Directiva ........................ 19 La festividad de la Candelaria ...; .................................................. 21 . La exposición agrícola .................................................................. 22 Aspectos de índole literaria y folclórica......... ...................... ...... 27 El primer reglamento de la lucha canaria.................................. 28 . La redacción de esta obra ..............;................ 1 .............................29 > Crónica de las fiestas dela Candelaria celebradas en Matanzas por los hijos y oriundos de las Islas Canarias, .... l en los días 1,2, 3 y 4de febrero de 1872, con general ' . regocijo y con el concurso de sus hermanos, los hijos . ' . de las demás provincias españolas ........................................29 Al lector ..................................;........................................................ 35 Introducción ........................................................ ........... 37 . Crónica . Preliminares de las fiestas ............................................43 El Palmar de Junco ..................................................................65 Fiestas . Generalidades ....; ............................................................. 73 Fiestas religiosas ...........................;.................................................. 81 Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria..................................... 1 ..... 83 La Virgen de Begoña ...: ., ......................................................101 Feria-Exposición. Consideraciones.......................................... 107 . , Apertura de la Exposicion ...................................................... 113 1 . , Visita a la Exposicion .................................................................127 Distribución de premios ............................................................ 167 Fiestas patrióticas. España en Cuba .........................................185 Episodios ......................................................................................207 . , Conclusion ...................................................................................21 7 Apéndice ........................................................................................221 . ., Reglamento de la exposicion .....................................................223 Reglamento para la lucha que deberá tener efecto en el Palmar de Junco en la tarde del día 2 de febrero, bajo la presidencia de la persona que se sirva designar el Excmo. Sr. brigadier gobernador ........................232 ~e~lamentodel tiro nacional ..................................................... 234 Suscripción para los festejos de Nuestra Señora de Candelaria entre los naturales de Canarias . y los descendientes de estos ....................................... ;.............. 236 Gastos para la fiesta. de Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, con Feria-Exposición ..................................................................262 I Estudio crítico El asociacionismo canario en America Marztlel Hernándey Gortyáley El marco. Los orígenes del asociacionismo en Cuba La precursora del asociacionismo canario en Cuba fue la Junta de Beneficencia Canaria, fundada en La Habana en 1861, auspiciada por el gobernador civil de Canarias con una finaljdad eminentemente fiiantrópica. Su Junta Directiva estu- vo integrada por sectores acomodados de la colonia, entre 1 los que destacaban los intelectuales Francisco Campos, vice- rrector de la Universidad de La Habana, el catedrático de Literatura Domingo de León y Mora, y el canónigo Federico D'Escoubet. Su objetivo fue vincular «a los treinta o cuarenta mil canarios que residen en Cuba» para que contribuyeran según su fortuna en un proyecto en auxilio de sus paisanos y en pro de la construcción de un hospital de desamparados y otros establecimientos de beneficencia. Diez años después, una polémica figura de la emigración ca- naria, Andrés Stanislas, el redactor del periódico ultrarreacciona- rio La Vopde Cuba y del conservador Diario de la Marina, pro- pondna en plena Guerra de los Diez Años las suntuosas fiestas de la comunidad canaria en Matanzas de 1872, con un objetivo claramente españolista, tratando de promover su adhesión a la causa'. La participación de un significativo número de canarios en el ejército mambí y la identificación progresiva del campesi- nado isleño con la insurrección ilevó a las autoridades a pro- mover su españolidad. El embajador norteamericano Cushing precisó que . de los muchos habitantes de las Islas Canarias que emi- gran casi todo-Svan a Cuba. La influencia política de los isleños, como son conocidos, es considerable en algunas partes de Cuba, donde también, han propagado las im- perfecciones y oscuridades de pronunciación y conse- cuente confusión de habla característica de los isleños de Canarias. Como consecuencia de todo esto ha estado siempre exento del espíritu insano de crónica rebelión, que ha sido tan predominante en Cuba, y el cual, cuales- quiera pretextos e incluso plaus~blesrazones que puedan alegarse en los deseos de buen criterio del Gobierno su- perior, tienen su causa real en el carácter, conducta y 1 modo de vida de los cubanos mismos, como demuestra el opuesto estado de cosas existente en Puerto RICOy las consecuentes paz, satisfacción y prosperidad de la Anti- lla menor2. La voluntad' de involucrar a los canarios en la insurrección fue sentida y estimulada por los dirigentes independentistas desde mediados del XIX. Con ironía, Antonio Franch Alfaro publicó en 1856 una supuesta visión del viajero norteamericano 1 Cmnica & lasfiestas de la Candelariay Feria-exposicián celebradas en Matanxaspor los bvasy orir/ndos de las Islas Canarias enjbrem de 1872, Matanzas, 1872. 2 Pqers nlati/g to !le FOR&II~ladons 4 tle United States iransmited to Congnss, vol. 11, Washington, 1875, p. 1.138. Demoticus Phdalethes de la realidad cubana. Contrapuso a los españoles frente a los canarios: Los españoles en Cuba tienen muchas ventajas sobre los criollos para llegar a alcanzar riquezas. El Gobierno les da una decidida protección, aunque finja una gran imparcialidad. La burocracia, que es completamente monopolizada por ellos, les proporciona contratos muy ventajosos con la Hacienda Pública. Se les recompensa generalmente con los grandes trabajos en los más venta- josos términos [...] Los más útiles e importantes colonos de Cuba son los nativos de las Islas Canarias, no sólo porque comúnmente traen consigo algún dinero, sino porque cultivan la tierra y resisten el calor y la lluvia de forma tan efectiva como los negros. Ellos tienen, sin embargo, esa ventaja sobre los españoles, a quienes sólo les gusta tranzar con negocios que requieran muy poca labor. Eilos también simpatizan y encuentran amistad entre los criollos. Eilos los prefieren en las ocupaciones como mayorales, pastores de ganado, etc., pues son in- dustriosos y resistentes trabajadores [...] Son sospecho- sos de ser políticamente apegados a los crioilos3. Frinch publicó un manifiesto en Nueva York en 1852 en el que exhortaba a los canarios a luchar por la independencia de Cuba: Simpatizáis con nosotros porque también habéis sido in- dignamente tratados en algunos +e vuestros compatriotas Cit. en PAZ SANCHEZ, M. y HERNANDEZ GONZALEZ, 'M.: Li eschuiti~d b/a~rta.Con~ribrrción a/ estudio de/ inmigrante cat~arioen América. S&/o XIX, Cenuo de la Cultura Popular Canaria, Tenerife, 1992, pp.153-154. [...] sufrís con nosotros las extorsiones, la insolencia y la suspicacia de los gobernantes. No temáis, canarios, los gritos rabiosos y las amenazas que para atemorizar exhalan algunos insensatos peninsulares. La parte ilus- trada de ellos conoce que su suerte está unida a la nues- tra, como nosotros son saqueados para sostener el lujo y los vicios de los altos empleados de La Habana y Ma- drid, como nosotros no
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