POLOKWANE MUNICIPAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK 2010 Municipal Spatial Development Framework should also give effect to the relevant CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION sections of the Land Use Bill 2006 (6a - d). The inclusion of this information is a prerequisite for the adoption of a municipalities land use management scheme. In 1. INTRODUCTION terms of section 26(e) of the Municipal Systems Act (Act 32 of 2000, the SDF will become a statutory plan when approved by Council). The SDF is an integral part of the Integrated Development Plan (IDP) of the Polokwane Municipality. The SDF is a tool that manages and guides growth and Polokwane Municipality has the provincial growth point which functions as a first development in the Municipal area. The guidelines provided in the SDF should guide order settlement. However, the geographical area of Polokwane Municipality is and inform investors about development opportunities in the short- medium and predominantly rural including considerable land under traditional authority. longer term. It should not only provide spatial guidelines with regard to development Polokwane has a large portion of the population lives in a rural or peri-urban projects, but also assist the Local Municipalities to prioritize between projects. environment, which for most part is unplanned and poorly serviced. The role of rural nodes (villages) in business development and municipality service delivery needs to The SDF must provide sufficient clarity to guide decision-makers in respect of be clarified. All spatial planning must take cognizance of the population and development applications, which means that it needs to be quite specific and precise contribute to the improvement of their living conditions. in cases where it is needed to enforce or prevent certain types of land use. 1.2 STUDY AREA 1.1 BACKGROUND The study area comprises a total area of +/- 377578.99 ha and is located in the The Polokwane Municipality has identified the need for the review of their Spatial central parts of the Limpopo Province. The municipality is located within the Development framework (2007) based on increasing pressure on land, natural Capricorn District Municipality and borders the municipalities of Molemole, resources and the environment within the Municipality’s area of jurisdiction. The Greater Tzaneen, Lepelle-Nkumpi, Mogalakwena and Aganang. Map 1 indicates need exist also to update the SDF in terms of new theoretical background, urban the study area (Polokwane Municipal Area). design principles, local economic development theory and spatial development principles that includes approaches by the Department of Land Affairs and the Land Polokwane City, the vibrant capital of Limpopo, situated on the Great North road Claims Commission as well as the Breaking of new ground policy and the to Zimbabwe, is the largest metropolitan complex in the north and a major Restructuring Zones and Housing Policies of the National Department of Housing. economic centre. Its proximity to the neighbouring countries of Botswana, The revised SDF should also be aligned with the National Spatial Development Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Swaziland, as well as its convenient distance from Perspective (2006) and the Limpopo SDF. the Kruger National Park and Magoebaskloof, makes it a perfect gateway to Africa and attractive tourist destination in itself. The compilation of a Spatial Development Framework (SDF) is a requirement as set out in terms of Section 2(4) of the Local Government: Municipal Planning and Performance Management Regulations 2001 (Government Notice R796). 1 POLOKWANE MUNICIPAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK 2010 1.3 SDF OBJECTIVES The purpose of the spatial development framework is threefold: The SDF should spatially reflect the development visions contained in the IDP. The SDF should reflect prioritized IDP projected needs and It should integrate sector strategies, whenever available. The SDF should provide the spatial incidence for all sectoral, economic as well as community development programs. As such, the SDF will not only deal with land uses per se, but will deal with critical issues in an integrated manner. It is therefore important that the SDF not only deal with where what should happen, but also with the how, and to provide guidelines for prioritization within a specific timeframe that informs the IDP. 2 POLOKWANE MUNICIPAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK 2010 Regulation 2(4) of the said regulations stipulates that a Spatial Development CHAPTER 2: INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS Framework reflected in a municipality’s integrated development plan must inter alia: 2.1 INTRODUCTION Give effect to the principles contained in Chapter 1 of the Development Facilitation Act, 1995 (Act No. 67 of 1995); During the compilation of the SDF it was important to align the local municipal Set out objectives that reflect the desired spatial form of the municipality; spatial initiative with development thinking on a national and provincial level and to Contain strategies and policies regarding the manner in which to achieve the ensure that the SDF addresses the needs that were identified as part of the objectives referred to above which must indicate – Integrated Development Planning Process. o desired patterns of land use; 2.2 LOCAL GOVERNMENT MUNICIPAL SYSTEMS ACT 32 OF 2000 o spatial reconstruction; and o strategic guidance i.r.o. location and nature of development; The Local Government: Municipal Systems Act, 2000 (Act no. 32 of 2000) provides in Chapter 5 thereof that a municipality must undertake integrated development Set out basic guidelines for the land use management system; planning and for this purpose Section 25 of the act (supra) stipulates that each Be aligned with the spatial development frameworks reflected in the municipal council must adopt an Integrated Development Plan (IDP). integrated development plans of neighbouring municipalities; Provide a visual representation of the desired spatial form which Section 26 on its turn makes provision for the core components of which the IDP representation – must consist of, which inter alia for purposes of this document are the following o Must indicate where public and private land development and namely: infrastructure investment should take place; o Must indicate desired or undesired utilization of space in particular - Subsection (a): Vision for long term development; areas; - Subsection (c): Development priorities and objectives; o May delineate the urban edge; - Subsection (d): Development strategies must be aligned with national of o Must identify areas where strategic intervention is required; and provincial sectoral plans and planning requirements; and o Must indicate areas where priority spending is required. - Subsection (e): Spatial Development Framework. The detail contained in the Spatial Development Framework is further set out in the Local Government: Municipal Planning and Performance Regulations, 2001 (Regulation No. R 792 of 24 August 2001). 3 POLOKWANE MUNICIPAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK 2010 2.3 NATIONAL SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE (NSDP,2006) Principle 2: Government has a constitutional obligation to provide basic services to all citizens wherever they reside. The NSDP (2006) guidelines proceed from the premises that the reconstruction Principle 3: Government spending on fixed investment should be focused on and development of South African society should include the reconfiguration of localities of economic growth and/or economic activities and to create long- apartheid spatial relations. It was further motivated by the fact that all national term employment opportunities. departments consulted expressed concern regarding the lack of a clear set of Principle 4: Efforts to address past and current social inequalities should spatial priorities in government. focus on people, not places. In localities where there are both high levels of poverty and demonstrated economic potential, this could include fixed NSDP OBJECTIVES capital investment beyond basic services to exploit the potential of those localities. In localities with low demonstrated economic potential, Bringing about coordinated government action and alignment to meet social government should, beyond the provision of basic services, concentrate economic and environmental objectives. Maximizing the overall social and primarily on human capital development by providing education and economic impact of government development spending by interpreting the training, social transfers such as grant and poverty relief. strategic direction, promoting policy coordination and fitting government actions Principle 5: In order to overcome the spatial distortions of apartheid, future into a coherent spatial terms of reference. Reconfigure apartheid spatial relations settlement and economic development opportunities should be channeled and to implement spatial priorities that meet the constitutional imperative of into activity corridors and nodes that are adjacent to or that link the main providing basic services to all. growth centers. Infrastructure investment should primarily support localities that will become major growth nodes in South Africa and the SADC NSDP VALUE FOR GOVERNMENT: region to create regional gateways to the global economy. Confronting three fundamental planning questions: THE HARMONISATION AND ALIGNMENT PROPOSALS Where should government direct its investment? What kinds of spatial forms and arrangements are most conducive to the To ensure the maintenance and exploration of innovative ways