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Une Émotion Qui Se Dilate Dans La Lutte Et L’Altérité Le Désir Réflexif De Goliarda Sapienza

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Une Émotion Qui Se Dilate Dans La Lutte Et L’Altérité Le Désir Réflexif De Goliarda Sapienza Université de Montréal La joie : une émotion qui se dilate dans la lutte et l’altérité Le désir réflexif de Goliarda Sapienza Par Julie Orhon Département de littérature et de langues du monde Faculté des arts et des sciences Mémoire présenté en vue de l’obtention du grade de Maître ès arts (M. A) en littérature comparée Décembre 2019 © Julie Orhon, 2019 Université de Montréal Département de littérature et de langues du monde, Faculté des arts et des sciences Ce mémoire intitulé La joie : une émotion qui se dilate dans la lutte et l’altérité Le désir réflexif de Goliarda Sapienza Présenté par Julie Orhon A été évalué par un jury composé des personnes suivantes Heather Meek Présidente-rapporteur Simon Harel Directeur de recherche Heather Meek Membre du jury Rodica-Livia Monnet Membre du jury Résumé Ce mémoire examine le potentiel des joies fécondes, à travers la prose de l’auteure italienne Goliarda Sapienza. Nous verrons comment l’arrimage des désirs réflexifs à des luttes émancipatrices est au centre de son roman d’apprentissage L’Art de la joie. Il s’agira de baliser une caractéristique essentielle de l’émotion joyeuse : sa capacité de dilatation physiologique, individuelle et collective. De ce fait, nous affirmons que la joie et le bonheur agissent comme de véritables synonymes antinomiques. Reconnaissant l’immense pouvoir induit par la joie, nous proposons une réconciliation de la raison et de l’émotion, à contre-courant des injonctions du bonheur et de la psychologie positive. Dans l’importance qu’elle accorde aux doutes, au combat et à la peine, nous verrons aussi comment Sapienza fait figure de rabat-joie, posture rhétorique de résistance développée par Sara Ahmed, qui dénonce l’illusion des dogmes aliénants. Mots-clés : Goliarda Sapienza, bonheur, agentivité, rabat-joie, dilatation, résistance, émotion, normativité, féminisme Abstract Through the prose of the Italian author Goliarda Sapienza, this master’s thesis examines the potential of fecund joy. We will see how the alignment of reflexive desires with emancipatory struggles is central to his novel, L’Art de la joie. We shall examine the guiding, essential characteristic of joy: its capacity for physiological growth and expansion, on an individual and collective level. As a result, we affirm that joy and happiness act as actual contradicting synonyms. Recognizing the immense power induced by joy, we propose a reconciliation of reason and emotion, contrary to the admonition of happiness and positive psychology. In a rhetorical resistance developed by Sara Ahmed, who denounces the illusion of alien dogmas, we will see how Sapienza appears to be a damper by examining the importance she attaches to doubts, struggles and pain. Keywords : Goliarda Sapienza, happiness, agency, killjoy, dilatation, resistance, emotion, normativity, feminism Table des matières Résumé ............................................................................................................................................. 5 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Table des matières ........................................................................................................................... 9 Liste des figures .............................................................................................................................. 13 Remerciements .............................................................................................................................. 17 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 19 Chapitre 1-La joie de Goliarda Sapienza ........................................................................................ 23 1.1. Récits thérapeutiques ......................................................................................................... 23 1.2 L’Art de la joie ....................................................................................................................... 28 1.2.1 Rejet .............................................................................................................................. 28 1.2.2 Parcours initiatique ....................................................................................................... 30 1.2.3 Bornes métaphysiques .................................................................................................. 32 1.2.4 Une nécessaire désobéissance ...................................................................................... 34 Chapitre 2-Émotion et joie substantielle ....................................................................................... 35 2.1 Expression somatique de l’émotion ..................................................................................... 35 2.2 Cette joie qui dilate .............................................................................................................. 38 2.2.1 Mouvement cosmique .................................................................................................. 39 2.3 Bonheur fécond .................................................................................................................... 41 2.3.1 Amplitude existentielle ................................................................................................. 41 2.3.2 Joie active ...................................................................................................................... 42 2.4 Désir réflexif ......................................................................................................................... 45 2.4.1 Conscience désirante .................................................................................................... 45 2.4.2 Élargissement des possibles .......................................................................................... 46 2.5 Joyeuse altérité .................................................................................................................... 48 2.5.1 Tumulte temporel ......................................................................................................... 49 2.5.2 Potentialités affectives .................................................................................................. 52 2.5.3 Amour charnel ............................................................................................................... 54 Chapitre 3 – Bonheur irraisonnable ............................................................................................... 57 3.1 Culte du bonheur.................................................................................................................. 57 3.1.1 De la vertu à la morale .................................................................................................. 58 3.1.2 Impératif moraliste........................................................................................................ 60 3.2 Rendement du bonheur ....................................................................................................... 62 3.2.1 La nouvelle science du bonheur .................................................................................... 62 3.2.2 Être et bien-être ............................................................................................................ 65 3.3 Raison et émotion ................................................................................................................ 67 3.3.1 Déraillement de la pensée rationnelle .......................................................................... 67 3.3.2 Néoconformisme ........................................................................................................... 69 3.3.3 Les certitudes du doute ................................................................................................. 71 3.4 Résiliation insidieuse et subjectivation ................................................................................ 72 3.4.1 Fantasme de la « bonne vie » ....................................................................................... 72 3.4.2 La crise de l’ordinaire .................................................................................................... 74 3.4.3 Pleine conscience du statu quo ..................................................................................... 77 Chapitre 4 – Une capacité d’agir obstinée ..................................................................................... 83 4.1 Être rabat-joie pour créer la joie .......................................................................................... 83 4.1.1 Figure d’agentivité......................................................................................................... 83 4.1.2 Les vertus de la colère ................................................................................................... 86 10 4.2 L’éloquence du combat ........................................................................................................ 87 4.2.1 L’esprit de la lutte .......................................................................................................... 87 4.2.2 Insurrection joyeuse ...................................................................................................... 90 4.2.3 Sagesse de l’hérétique .................................................................................................
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