English Viewing Guide

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The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview Pg 1

64 Cedar Pointe Dr. Unit 1405, BARRIE, ON L4N 5R7

August 2014

Wanaboozhoo, Tansi, Oodlakud, Greetings,

On behalf of the Barrie Area Native Advisory Circle (BANAC) and community partners, we are most pleased to present this locally developed DVD resource, The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview - as a way to help fill an identified need within the Simcoe, Muskoka and York region.

The DVD resource was developed with financial support provided by Georgian College, School of Aboriginal Studies; Student Support Leadership Project; Best Start Network of Simcoe County and the Simcoe Muskoka Local Health Integrated Network. The DVD consists of interviews with Elders and Senators from First Nation, Métis and Inuit communities who share their experiences and wisdom passed from one generation to the next as part of our oral tradition.

The DVD complements the 4 day cross-cultural awareness training Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview with over 1,000 First Nation, Métis, Inuit and mainstream educators, service providers, community members, and youth taking part in various training sessions to date.

The DVD can be used as part of the training module or viewed independently to help increase access to authentic voices and stories. This Viewing Guide was developed to help facilitate discussion as we work together to deepen the understanding about historical events that continue to impact our families and communities because…

“To understand Aboriginal issues, it’s necessary to understand and appreciate that all contemporary events have their roots in history.”

Shared Learnings: Integrating BC Aboriginal Content (K –10)

And, as we continue our collaborative efforts it is also important to note that culture means different things to different people, communities and Nations – all viewed with respect. The strength, wisdom and sense of community built into our cultures have contributed to the resiliency of our people for hundreds of years and continues to do so for many on the “good life” road.

As a symbol of strength, unity and healing – sweetgrass was selected for the cover design to represent First Nation, Métis and Inuit people on a collective journey in the promotion of cultural awareness.

We are most pleased to begin distribution of The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview kit that includes the DVD, Viewing Guide, poster and Evaluation Form. For your convenience, this resource is also available online at: http://banac.org/video.html

The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview Pg 2

Please feel free to copy the Viewing Guide and Evaluation Form (on page 29) as required for personal, group or classroom use.

The DVD interviews and Viewing Guide each have a specific focus that complements the Cross Cultural Awareness Training (CCAT) modules presented in four parts as follows:

Part 1 Creation: In the Beginning Part 2 Contact Part 3 Confusion Part 4 Healing of a Nation

It is our hope that our voices and our stories will be beneficial to your personal and professional understanding. First Nation, Métis, and Inuit youth represent the fastest growing demographic in Canada. First Nation, Métis, and Inuit families and communities continue to experience what is often referred to as Third World conditions. The resources were developed in the spirit of kindness as we continue to work collaboratively to deepen our understanding and move beyond long held misconceptions about First Nation, Métis, and Inuit people because - healing of a nation begins with you and me.

At this time, we would like to acknowledge the wisdom and insight provided by the participating Elders and Senators. Their kindness reminds us about the significance of their role in helping us learn about the past – to better understand the present – as we plan for the future:

Gertie Beaucage – Zhaawanobinaissikwe, Bear Clan, 3rd Degree Midewiwin, Nipissing First Nation, Ontario Jean Aquash – Elder, Walpole Island, Ontario Hector Copegog – Medweoshi, Waubzheshi Dodem, 4th Degree Midewiwin Beausoleil First Nation, Ontario Kevin Deer – Ka’nahsohon, Kahnawake Mohawk Territory, Quebec Rhoda Akittiq Innuksuk – Inuit Elder, Ottawa, Ontario (currently residing in Igloolik, Nunavut) Dr. Ed Connors – Mohawk Elder, Kahnawake Mohawk Territory, Quebec Dora MacInnis – Métis Senator, Midland, Ontario Ruth Wagner – Métis Senator, Bracebridge, Ontario

We would also like to acknowledge the role of the Barrie Area Native Advisory Circle and community partners for invaluable contributions in the development of cultural awareness resources beginning with our consultation phase. Special thanks to Linda McGregor, B. Ed., M.A. (2014) Manager of First Nation, Métis and Inuit Education (K-12) with the Simcoe Muskoka Catholic District School Board for the development of the Viewing Guide, and to all who offered thoughtful suggestions as we worked toward a final product.

In closing, your comments, questions and suggestions continue to be an important part of this process as we measure the effectiveness of this tool and continue to develop new resources. Upon viewing the DVD it would be most appreciated if you would complete the Evaluation Form on page 29 of this guide and forward to: [email protected]

Miigwech, Kinasskoumitin, Qujannamiik, Thank you!

The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview Pg 3

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………………...6

Background

As We Begin………………………………………………………………………..7

About the Cover Design………………………………………………………...... 7

About Terminology………………………………………………………………... 7

About the Use of English Language…….…………………………………………..7

Introduction

About this Resource…………………………………………………………………8

Who should use this Resource………………………………………………………8

How to use this Resource……………………………………………………………9

An Important Viewing / Closing Activity Consideration…………………………...9

It’s not what you don’t know – it’s what you want to learn……………………….. 9

Moving Forward / Disclaimer…………………………………………………….... 9

Part 1: Creation ~ In the Beginning (8:01 minutes)

Overview / Learning Objectives…………………………………………………….10

Elders and Senators Featured…………………………………………………….....10

Viewing the DVD – Before, During and After……………………………………..10

Viewing Guide Script – Fill in the Blanks………………………………………….11 - 13

Questions for Consideration / Reflection…………………………………………...13

The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview Pg 4

Part 2: Contact (13:10 minutes)

Overview / Learning Objectives…………………………………………………… 14

Elders and Senators Featured……………………………………………………… 14

Viewing the DVD – Before, During and After……………………………………. 14

Viewing Guide Script – Fill in the Blanks………………………………………… 15 - 17

Questions for Consideration / Reflection…………………………………………. 17

Part 3: Confusion (9:57 minutes)

Overview / Learning Objectives…………………………………………………... 18

Elders and Senators Featured……………………………………………………… 18

Viewing the DVD – Before, During and After……………………………………. 18

Viewing Guide Script – Fill in the Blanks………………………………………… 19 - 21

Questions for Consideration / Reflection………………………………………….. 21

Part 4: Healing of a Nation (10:09)

Overview / Learning Objectives…………………………………………………… 22

Elders and Senators Featured……………………………………………………… 22

Viewing the DVD – Before, During and After……………………………………. 22

Viewing Guide Script – Fill in the Blanks………………………………………… 23 - 25

Questions for Consideration / Reflection………………………………………….. 25

Answer Sheet: Fill in the Blanks………………………………..……………………….. 26

Recommended Reading and Websites……………...…………………………………… 27 - 28

Evaluation Form………………………………………………………………………….. 29

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Acknowledgements

The need for cultural awareness resources and training in the Simcoe, Muskoka and York region had been identified by First Nation, Métis, and Inuit as well as mainstream service providers for some time. To help fill this gap, the Barrie Area Native Advisory Circle facilitated an extensive consultation with partners to identify key issues, information required and types of resources that would be most beneficial.

To date, our collaborative efforts have resulted in the development of Cross Cultural Awareness Training Modules, the Culture Card and now, The Voice of Our People DVD and Viewing Guide. Throughout the process, community has been integral and we would like to acknowledge and thank community members, families, and students for their contributions as well as the following:

• Aboriginal Capacity Building Circle • Anishnaabe Education and Training Circle • Barrie Native Friendship Centre • Beausoleil First Nation • Best Start Network of Simcoe County • Biiminaawzogin Regional Aboriginal Women’s Circle • Child, Youth and Family Services Coalition of Simcoe County • Chippewas of Rama First Nation • County of Simcoe • Enaahtig Healing Lodge and Learning Centre • First Nation, Métis and Inuit Education Advisory Circle • Georgian Bay Native Friendship Centre • Georgian Bay Native Women’s Association • Georgian College • Métis Nation of Ontario • North Simcoe Muskoka Local Health Integrated Network • Orillia Native Women’s Group • Simcoe County Children’s Aid – First Nation, Métis and Inuit Team • Simcoe County District School Board • Simcoe Muskoka Catholic District School Board • York Region Women’s Group

Special thanks to…

Brenda Jackson, Aboriginal Capacity Builder with the Barrie Area Native Advisory Circle, Cultural Awareness Training Project Manager.

Nena La Caille & Gertie Beaucage for development of the Cross Cultural Awareness Training Modules, Manual and Kit.

Bernard Leroux, Northlight Pictures Film/Video/Design for production of the DVD - The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview.

Linda McGregor – Manager of First Nation, Métis and Inuit Education with the Simcoe Muskoka Catholic District School Board for contributions in the development of the Culture Card and The Voice of Our People Viewing Guide.

For additional information please contact: [email protected]

The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview Pg 6

Background

As we begin…

You are likely reading this Viewing Guide because you want to learn more about First Nation, Métis, and Inuit people – and that’s great! This resource is intended to complement the cross- cultural awareness training developed by the Barrie Area Native Advisory Circle for the Simcoe, Muskoka and York region. Learning is life-long and Elders often say the distance from the head to the heart is short but takes many years to travel. You are invited to continue to learn more about First Nation, Métis and Inuit people, history, contributions, perspectives, languages and current issues as your interest and heart guide you.

About the Cover Design…

As a symbol of strength, unity and healing – sweetgrass was selected for the cover design to represent First Nation, Métis and Inuit on a collective journey in the promotion of cultural awareness. It is important to note that culture means different things to different people, communities and Nations and the “good life” road takes many forms. Each is respected with strength, wisdom and community built into our cultures in a way that contributed to the resiliency of our people for hundreds of years and continues to do so for many.

About Terminology…

Aboriginal is used in the Constitution in reference to First Nation, Métis and Inuit. However, the diversity is often misunderstood. Each group has a very distinct history, language, culture, identity, current issues and so on. And, it is important to note that a range of diversity also exists within each group. While acronyms and abbreviations are convenient, they are typically used in reference to processes and organizations. In this regard, FNMI is frequently used in place of First Nation, Métis and Inuit in the interest of space / time but is not intended to become a new “descriptor” in the evolution of terms used to describe First Nation, Métis and Inuit people.

About the Use of English Language…

English is predominantly used throughout the DVD. The Elders and Senators are to be commended for their ability to express themselves so eloquently in English although not their mother tongue. The loss of Indigenous languages in Canada is in a critical stage and an issue elaborated upon in the DVD. It is important to note that culture is best understood in the mother tongue since culture and language are intrinsically interwoven. For the purpose of this DVD, English is used to reach the widest audience in the promotion of cross-cultural understanding and as a way to begin to overcome barriers.

It’s not what you don’t know- it’s what you want to learn!

The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview Pg 7

Introduction

About this resource…

The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview DVD consists of interviews with Elders and Senators from First Nation, Métis and Inuit communities. They share their own experiences and wisdom passed from one generation to the next to help us deepen our understanding about historical events that continue to impact our lives, families and communities.

The DVD can be used in the facilitation of the Cross Cultural Awareness Training, viewed independently or with this Viewing Guide. The interviews are presented in four parts with a specific focus to complement the Cross Cultural Awareness Training (CCAT) modules as follows:

DVD Part 1 / CCAT Module 1 Creation: In the Beginning DVD Part 2 / CCAT Module 2 Contact DVD Part 3 / CCAT Module 3 Confusion DVD Part 4 / CCAT Module 4 Healing of a Nation

Who should use this resource…

• Cross Cultural Awareness Training Facilitators • Program Leads • Service Providers • Educators – Teachers and Students • Social Service Agencies • Community Programs • Social Justice Groups • Youth • Families • Senior Management • Frontline Workers • Administration – whole agency approach • Board of Directors / Trustees • Individuals / organizations interested in building cultural awareness • Anyone interested in learning more about First Nation, Métis and Inuit people, history, culture, current issues and perspectives

It’s not what you don’t know – it’s what you want to learn!

The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview Pg 8

How to use this resource…

The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview DVD can be viewed independently or with the Viewing Guide. The Fill in the Blanks section can be used in a number of ways to best suit you or your group as follows:

• Discuss suggestions outlined in Before, During and After prior to viewing. • Copy and distribute the Viewing Guide Script and fill in the blanks while viewing – answers are on page 26 of the Viewing Guide. • Review Questions for Consideration and Reflection at the end of each section for deeper understandings and to assist with personal / professional connections. • View the four part DVD series as individual sections over a period of time using the Viewing Guide Script for group discussion after each section. • View all four parts of DVD for a total of 41:15 minutes and have groups discuss an assigned section with findings shared with the larger group. • Use applicable sections to augment cross-cultural training, classroom infusion of First Nation, Métis, and Inuit content in meeting curriculum expectations. • List additional questions and topics to help identify areas of interest for future learning and development of personal / professional learning goals.

An Important Viewing / Closing Activity Consideration

You are invited to be creative in the use of this resource to meet your needs in the spirit it was intended. Although topics are presented with kindness, some of the experiences and perspectives shared may stir emotions and / or challenge long standing beliefs. It is strongly encouraged that discussion is conducted in a respectful manner as we continue to deepen our understanding about current issues with historical links. Please give consideration to a closing activity following the viewing to promote well-being and relationship building. Invite participants to decide on a closing activity prior to viewing the DVD.

It’s not what you don’t know – it’s what you want to learn…

Throughout this resource you will see the phrase, “It’s not what you don’t know – it’s what you want to learn.” We’re all on a learning journey that will consist of new information that may require us to “unlearn” misconceptions and misinformation. This is particularly true when learning about the original people of Canada and although much progress has been made - much work remains as we continue to deepen our understanding.

Moving Forward / Disclaimer:

This resource was developed locally to increase accessibility to the “authentic voices” of our Elders and Senators based on an identified need through consultation. Their stories represent individual perspectives, diversity and rich history of First Nation, Métis and Inuit people. This is not intended to replace community links, partnership building or extending an invitation to an acknowledged guest speaker from the First Nation, Métis or Inuit community with consideration of applicable protocols.

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VIEWING GUIDE

The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview

Part 1: Creation ~ In the Beginning Viewing Time 8:01 minutes

Overview

This section highlights the importance of oral traditions and perspectives that promote awareness about First Nation and Inuit worldview as it relates to Creation – an important aspect of identity, connectedness and our place in the world with the legacy of the Métis associated with Contact.

Learning Objectives

After viewing Creation ~ In the Beginning, participants will be able to:

1. Identify cultural differences and perspectives related to Creation stories. 2. Recognize the impact upon modern day interactions and sense of belonging. 3. Consider ways to promote inclusion and respect for different worldviews.

Elders and Senators Featured

Gertie Beaucage – Zhaawanobinaissikwe, Bear Clan, 3rd Degree Midewiwin Nipissing First Nation, Ontario Jean Aquash – Elder, Walpole Island, Ontario Hector Copegog – Medweoshi, Waubzheshi Dodem, 4th Degree Midewiwin Beausoleil First Nation, Ontario Kevin Deer – Ka’nahsohon, Kahnawake Mohawk Territory, Quebec Rhoda Akittiq Innuksuk - Inuit Elder, Ottawa, Ontario (currently residing in Igloolik, Nunavut) Dr. Ed Connors – Mohawk Elder, Kahnawake Mohawk Territory, Quebec

Viewing the DVD

Before viewing the DVD… a) Consider your perspective about Creation stories. b) Consider how different perspectives could impact a sense of belonging.

During the viewing of the DVD use the fill in the blanks Viewing Guide Script and column along the side for notes to assist with personal reflection and group discussion.

After viewing the DVD, reflect on key messages. Questions for Consideration and a Reflection are listed at the end of each section to help facilitate discussion / deeper understanding about the link between historical events and present day conditions that continue to impact the social, emotional, spiritual, mental, and physical well-being of First Nation, Métis, and Inuit people.

It’s not what you don’t know – it’s what you want to learn!

The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview Pg 10

PART 1: CREATION ~ IN THE BEGINNING Viewing Time 8:01 minutes

Viewing Guide Script / fill in the blanks Notes

Speaker: Gertie Beaucage

1. Respect, , Honesty, Humility, ,

Wisdom, Love.

2. When you accept those , if you put those into your life and that’s how you choose to live, you’ll have life.

Speaker: Jean Aquash

3. It’s a connection between and the power of what we know as , to make that connection individually, connection with self to get to that place.

Speaker: Hector Copegog

4. That’s the basis of who we are as people is knowing who you are and where you in Creation.

Speaker: Kevin Deer

5. The Iroquoian Creation story is not just a . For me – it’s real.

Speaker: Rhoda Innuksuk

6. Our lives are very short but as human beings we are a creation. If we were to use our own capacity and what we were made to be – we’re brilliant beings.

7. But, with many distractions and many inventions – we that feeling and get more from the real meaning of life.

Speaker: Jean Aquash

8. The biggest on where I’m at today had a lot to do with the spiritual commitment of which is usually four days and four nights without food and water and dancing with your eyes into the sun.

The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview Pg 11

9. I got really interested in the women’s roles and and when I really came to understand those then I was able to lift my head up high and know who I was - and know the roles of the women and how important that is to walk that that was given to us in this land.

Speaker: Dr. Ed Connors

10. Natural are laws that have been created by the universe that we live within – by all of creation. In this view of the world we are not those who are in or lording over.

11. The that I’m talking about is one which sees everything as interdependent, to – all equal to, nothing greater than or less than.

Speaker: Kevin Deer

12. The languages are so and the way they came about is the result of a greater mind, a greater energy and that’s why we say today that our languages are a gift. They are gifts of creation. They are of the Great Spirit.

13. One of the things about the story is about understanding the between the left and right handed twin, of fulfilling ourselves with self love - that piece will come from within.

14. In spite of whatever goes on in our past, we can overcome it by having and understanding the power of . Instead of being angry – what can I do to change it.

Speaker: Gertie Beaucage

15. When I heard the teaching about the tobacco, I immediately remembered my old Christian Grandma. Every time the thunder beings started being sounded, she would put in the fire almost as if it was a response. When she heard them, she would feed them.

16. She never talked about it – she just did it. So when you hear the then you know you’re doing something – you’re not just going to do it.

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17. Those teachings are still the and that’s how you measure the value of a teaching. Is it still the truth ?

Speaker: Hector Copegog

18. When I went to my first ceremony the spirit connected with me and that’s my first feeling of feeling the spirit. So it’s that made me feel about who I am.

19. I was in my early when I first got introduced to our and what struck me was the way the teachers spoke in our language.

20. And that’s the biggest thing in my life – my _ . Even though I got strapped as a young boy by nuns trying to beat the language out of me, I up for that and today

I still speak my language.

21. I was part of . I wasn’t just there. I was part of it because I could understand what was happening because I knew the .

QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION…

1. Why are the Seven Grandfather Gifts emphasized?

2. How are culture, language, and ceremony related to identity and sense of belonging?

3. How have Christianity and traditional ways impacted the present?

4. How can respect and inclusion be promoted amidst differing worldviews?

5. What types of losses have been described and why is this important to understand?

REFLECTION…

How has this information helped you in your understanding about First Nation and Inuit people and / or in relation to the service you provide?

It’s not what you don’t know – it’s what you want to learn!

The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview Pg 13

The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview

Part 2: Contact Viewing Time 13:10 minutes

Overview

This section sheds light on the First Nation and Inuit way of life and way of knowing as well as stories about the initial contact with the newcomers – a people in need. Contact resulted in the genesis of a new people known as the Métis with many changes still impacting life today.

Learning Objectives

After viewing Contact, participants will be able to:

1. Recognize why it is important to understand this early relationship. 2. Describe how the initial relationship was viewed and how / why it changed. 3. Discuss the impact upon modern day interaction.

Elders and Senators Featured

Gertie Beaucage – Zhaawanobinaissikwe, Bear Clan, 3rd Degree Midewiwin Nipissing First Nation, Ontario Rhoda Akittiq Innuksuk – Inuit Elder, Ottawa, Ontario (currently residing in Igloolik, Nunavut) Jean Aquash – Elder, Walpole Island, Ontario Hector Copegog – Medweoshi, Waubzheshi Dodem, 4th Degree Midewiwin Beausoleil First Nation, Ontario Dora MacInnis – Métis Senator, Midland, Ontario Ruth Wagner – Métis Senator, Bracebridge, Ontario

Viewing the DVD

Before viewing the DVD… a) Consider what you know about contact from a First Nation, Métis, or Inuit perspective. b) Consider what you would like to learn more about.

During the viewing of the DVD…use the fill in the blanks Viewing Guide Script and column along the side for notes to assist with personal reflection and group discussion.

After the viewing reflect on key messages. Questions for Consideration and a Reflection are listed at the end of each section to help facilitate discussion / deeper understanding about the link between historical events and present day conditions that continue to impact the social, emotional, mental, spiritual and physical well-being of First Nation, Métis, and Inuit people.

It’s not what you don’t know – it’s what you want to learn!

The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview Pg 14

PART 2: CONTACT Viewing Time 13:10 minutes

Viewing Guide Script / fill in the blanks Notes

Speaker: Gertie Beaucage

1. Before the Europeans came, we refer to the prophets of the fires prophecy. Those prophecies had a great impact on the way people got ready for .

2. Some knew that early contact would not go well and would have an impact on everything for many, many years and that impact is being felt right up to this .

3. Why is it for people to know how we feel about early contact? Because nobody ever us what we thought about them coming here.

4. Europeans didn’t come here to live by the Creator’s instruction. They had a plan that include us – that’s to know.

Speaker: Rhoda Innuksuk

5. The stories we heard as children about when the Europeans first came is that they were not . They were not doing well in their own . Some were not well off and were seeking a better fortune.

6. Inuit them and without the help of the Inuit their hopes and dreams would have been _ lived.

7. They didn’t have a . They did not know the Arctic or without the help of the Inuit.

Speaker: Jean Aquash

8. There were of Indigenous people here and we were connected to the land, the water.

9. During the there was talk about treaties and land. Europeans learned about our , not about us - as a way to get land and resources from us.

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10. There was lack of understanding each other’s and our people felt we were signing treaties that would make us like sisters and brothers - to share this land as long as the rivers flow and the grass .

Speaker: Hector Copegog

11. The big picture was to wipe out our and our language and also our family structure through residential - to convert us to only speak English rather than our own language.

12. Our teachings tell us that things will happen and they did come true. The teaching about the robes is that they would come with two faces – would come in friendship and the . They would take and not give.

Speaker: Dora MacInnis

13. Half-breeds is what they called us. We were not wanted by Nations, not wanted by . We were a forgotten people.

14. We respected our . My did a lot of carvings, made moccasins and picked a lot of herbs.

Speaker: Ruth Wagner

15. My father would talk about little child who lived in heaven with her parents. She looked down on the earth but was .

16. She wanted to with children on the earth but was told she couldn’t because she was a child.

17. The story is about a separated from her parents and be connected to residential school.

18. My father was in residential school. Father talked to us in never talked to us in .

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Speaker: Gertie Beaucage

19. Value systems guide the . Live a good life through living the natural and you will meet up with a person of manifest destiny.

20. When those two collided there was bound to be a difference in and .

21. Since contact we’ve been in a process of . Only recently, we began to work towards achieving wellness and (bimaadiziwin) again. This is the destination / goal of life instead of just trying to survive.

QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION…

1. How would / could history have changed if Europeans were not welcomed and helped when they first arrived on this continent?

2. What do the First Nation, Métis, and Inuit have in common as it pertains to Contact?

3. What aspects of contact continue to have an impact upon modern day interactions?

4. How did Ruth Wagner’s father use story-telling as a coping strategy?

REFLECTION…

How has this information helped you in your understanding about First Nation, Métis, and Inuit people and / or in relation to the service you provide?

It’s not what you don’t know – it’s what you want to learn!

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The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview

PART 3: Confusion Viewing Time 9:57 minutes

Overview

This section highlights the shift in the early relationship with European settlers that had a devastating impact on the First Nation, Métis, and Inuit way of life. The impact was further felt through legislated changes that left First Nation, Métis, and Inuit people feeling like unwanted and unwelcome strangers in their own land – a reality that is still prevalent today.

Learning Objectives

After viewing Confusion, participants will be able to:

1. Discuss changes that represented a shift to the colonial relationship. 2. Identify ways that First Nation, Métis, and Inuit were impacted by colonialism. 3. Recognize the importance of creating safe spaces to discuss sensitive topics.

Elders and Senators Featured

Dr. Ed Connors – Mohawk Elder, Kahnawake Mohawk Territory, Quebec Kevin Deer – Ka’nahsohon, Kahnawake Mohawk Territory, Quebec Jean Aquash – Elder, Walpole Island, Ontario Rhoda Akittiq Innuksuk – Inuit Elder, Ottawa, Ontario (currently residing in Igloolik, Nunavut) Gertie Beaucage – Zhaawanobinaissikwe, Bear Clan, 3rd Degree Midewiwin Nipissing First Nation, Ontario Dora MacInnes – Métis Senator, Midland, Ontario Hector Copegog – Medweoshi, Waubzheshi Dodem, 4th Degree Midewiwin Beausoleil First Nation, Ontario

Viewing the DVD

Before viewing the DVD… a) Consider what you know about colonialism from a First Nation, Métis, or Inuit perspective. b) Consider why it would be important to learn about the present day impact.

During the viewing of the DVD…use the fill in the blanks Viewing Guide Script and column along the side for notes to assist with personal reflection and group discussion.

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PART 3: CONFUSION Viewing Time 9:57 minutes

Viewing Guide Script / fill in the blanks Notes

Speaker: Dr. Ed Connors

1. We can limit to if we wish but I think we have to look at it (colonization) in the context of this .

2. All of us are becoming more and more aware of the impact on earth and the globe – the impacts of colonization have been .

Speaker: Kevin Deer

3. First of all, it was . You’re put on reserves and told you can’t hunt and fish as much. Then we were Christianized with the role of added to the mix.

4. And, the only real premise of was that you’d be part of the machine and money would sustain you now as opposed to mother .

Speaker: Jean Aquash

5. Our future generations are in devastating to who they are – that they are not a forgotten people. There is a lack of nurturing, talking, guidance, knowledge of traditions to pass unto the generation.

Speaker: Rhoda Innuksuk

6. We had to be in a pot with the First Nations and Métis in order to have our recognized in the constitution. Before that, there was no need to be in a melting pot.

7. With other cultures blending it has the social fabric of Inuit life – the spirituality and lifestyle. All these were very badly weakened and there was nothing to what’s important for us to know.

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Speaker: Gertie Beaucage

8. When was introduced, I think it was introduced after or during the epidemics and the people found that it was a pain killer to the pain of experiencing those losses.

Speaker: Jean Aquash

9. In this Indian Act that is still today – no Indian okayed that one – that’s when you get rid of all the hereditary chiefs and in a young person.

10. He can only stay in (office) for 2 years – since the 40’s and 50’s. So you get a _ person and just when he gets to know what he’s supposed to be doing it’s time for him to get .

11. Can you imagine the piles and piles and piles of paperwork and total because the government wants our people to govern each other the way _ govern the whole land and that’s not the way we govern.

Speaker: Gertie Beaucage

12. One hundred and fifty years of not being in places in your own land – that somebody had the right to tell you - you’re not to be here.

13. If you were in town without the right papers signed off by some Indian you would be subject to .

14. I believe it was in that my mother, in response to the women who challenged the Indian Act Section 12(b) where Indian women their status when they married somebody who was non-Indian – handed me the Indian Act and said to know this and understand this because it affects you from the day you are born…up to and including where I was allowed to be buried.

Speaker: Dora MacInnes

15. We our land - we our identification and I know for a fact that we have 2,700 members that identify themselves as Métis in Georgian Bay and there’s a lot more that don’t identify themselves.

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16. People had nowhere to go. Some people got lucky and got land but crown land was something you could never sell. It had to be down through the generations.

Speaker: Hector Copegog

17. We had rallies and things going on the city back in the and actually I was part of the movement and that made me feel good just to stand up for our people.

18. I felt the militant stuff was wrong but that movement really helped me because at that time the spoke up - where are the men – then the stood up.

19. And, I was ready to the women and I still will today and that made me feel like something because in the eastern part of Canada the men were the first to be affected by change because they couldn’t hunt wherever they wanted to go.

20. They couldn’t wherever they wanted to so we lost our ability to take care of our .

21. Standing up for those things made me feel and to help my brothers in achieving those things was good – and it’s still settled yet.

QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION…

1. What do you believe are some of the devastating impacts of colonization that Dr. Connors refers to?

2. Why was the creation of reserves an act of oppression?

3. How does colonization continue to impact First Nation, Métis, and Inuit people today?

4. What types of losses are still experienced by First Nation, Métis, and Inuit people, families, communities, and nations?

REFLECTION…

How has this information helped you in your understanding about First Nation, Métis, and Inuit people and / or in relation to the service you provide?

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The Voice of Our People: Cultural Awareness from a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Worldview

Part 4: Healing of a Nation Viewing Time 10:09 minutes

Overview

In this section, the ability to look misery in the eye and see beyond it is demonstrated during the interviews in a way that exemplifies kindness and a desire to work together for the good of all. With a clear message about the importance of understanding the past, clear direction is also provided on the path forward as we strive to build relationship and heal - together.

Learning Objectives

After viewing Healing of a Nation, participants will be able to:

1. Explain why working together is so important to moving forward. 2. Identify ways that First Nation, Métis, and Inuit culture is gaining recognition and reclaiming a rightful place in Canadian society. 3. Recognize that healing of a nation begins with you and me.

Elders and Senators Featured

Dr. Ed Connors – Mohawk Elder, Kahnawake Mohawk Territory, Quebec Kevin Deer – Ka’nahsohon, Kahnawake Mohawk Territory, Quebec Jean Aquash – Elder, Walpole Island, Ontario Rhoda Akittiq Innuksuk – Inuit Elder, Ottawa, Ontario (currently residing in Igloolik, Nunavut) Gertie Beaucage – Zhaawanobinaissikwe, Bear Clan, 3rd Degree Midewiwin Nipissing First Nation, Ontario Dora MacInnes – Métis Senator, Midland, Ontario Ruth Wagner – Métis Senator, Bracebridge, Ontario Hector Copegog – Medweoshi, Waubzheshi Dodem, 4th Degree Midewiwin Beausoleil First Nation, Ontario

Viewing the DVD

Before viewing the DVD… a) Consider what you know about the healing and reconciliation from a First Nation, Métis, or Inuit perspective. b) Consider the influence of the United Nations on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.

During the viewing of the DVD…use the fill in the blanks Viewing Guide Script and the column along the side for notes to assist with personal reflection and group discussion.

After the viewing reflect on key messages. Questions and a Reflection are listed at the end of each section to help facilitate discussion / deeper understanding about the link between historical events and present day impact on the social, emotional, mental, spiritual and physical well-being of First Nation, Métis and Inuit people – and importance of understanding on the path forward.

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PART 4: HEALING OF A NATION Viewing Time 10:09 minutes

Viewing Guide Script / fill in the blanks Notes

Speaker: Dr. Ed Connors

1. The world is changing quickly and changing in such a way that people are coming to understand the significance and importance of what we talk about when we talk about an world – a wholistic worldview, its significance and importance for all of us.

2. When I look in all fields is there that the wholistic worldview, wholistic perspective, Indigenous worldview is again .

Speaker: Kevin Deer

3. Where are we going – that is where the challenge is. And now, we have to put our best , we have to bring our best minds together and collectively find a .

4. We have to restore the loss of . We need to love our young people and empower them. They are sacred beings. We have no time now to put in the sand. We have to come from this place that we are people and we have to see the goodness in people.

5. Let’s put our minds and let’s start working on what we’re going to do to solve all of these problems because that is where we have to start to come from .

Speaker: Jean Aquash

6. Have your system, know that you are never alone and you are guided. Your spiritual - how strong do you want that commitment to be?

7. Asking – that’s why gave us a specific plant to use to respect all life. Asking – is a universal way of looking at things with total .

8. If there’s any way the people can find someone that would help them and guide them into .

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9. Start doing some commitments. Look for that life and look for the meaning in life. It’s actually pretty beautiful once you really set your mind to it. When you find the beauty you – you find it in other people.

Speaker: Rhoda Innuksuk

10. Throughout the there have always been problems. It’s to do with someone else’s hunger for power and greed. It has to do with someone who’s being abused and not being treated _.

11. Why aren’t we dealing with these very simple ? Let’s see where we can find the balance or begin to work toward finding .

Speaker: Dora MacInnes

12. Teach our . Our youth have to be taught all the different things we know to keep our culture .

Speaker: Ruth Wagner

13. When I grew up, I grew up learning how to the every day for fresh air, beauty all around me, clean water.

14. We had to say thank you for the bountiful gifts we received. This is all part of who we are – learning to respect the land that we live on, care for it and love it. As - that’s what we have to stand up for – that’s part of my Métis heritage.

Speaker: Gertie Beaucage

15. You show the child how to be kind because you are . You show the child how be honest by being honest and how to share by being generous in your .

16. A lot of our young people consider it to have as their means of communicating with the Creator.

17. Many of our young people consider it normal that there’s no alcohol or drugs at the pow wow so to me that’s . If we can maintain it – that’s .

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Speaker: Hector Copegog

18. There’s a lot of . We as people, we can’t say to one another that mine is better than .

19. We have to have . One of the most sacred teachings we have is respect towards one another and we have to be mindful of that. Everyone has to be respectful - it goes ways.

20. As a , we have to know those _ teachings. Whatever nation you are, you have to know who you are as a person, your name, clan, nation and language.

21. Language is . A lot of our language teachers who are fluent are starting to pass on and they’re taking the language with them. I’m a fairly fluent speaker but I’m still learning and will continue to ...

QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION…

1. Why do you feel Indigenous knowledge and wholistic way of being is re-emerging? (Please note: wholistic is spelled “whole” vs “hole” to reflect a First Nation, Métis, and Inuit worldview)

2. What is the role of young people, Elders and community as we move forward?

3. What do you feel your role is as we work collectively to find solutions?

4. Why are culture, language, and traditions important to the present and future of our people?

5. What does healing of a nation have to do with you and me and the path forward?

6. Why is it important that the infusion / inclusion of First Nation, Métis, and Inuit culture, language, history, etc. be incorporated in a way that is respectful of First Nation, Métis, and Inuit perspectives?

REFLECTION…

How has this information helped you in your understanding about First Nation, Métis, and Inuit people and / or in relation to the service you provide?

It’s not what you don’t know – it’s what you want to learn!

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Answer Sheet: Fill in the Blanks

Part 1: Part 2: Part 3: Part 4:

1. Bravery, Truth 1. seven, contact 1. Canada, world 1. all, Indigenous

2. gifts, good 2. still, day 2. mother, devastating 2. evidence, re-emerging 3. myself, God 3. important, asked 3. oppression, education 3. thinking, solution 4. Anishinabe, belong 4. didn’t, important 4. education, earth 4. love, lines 5. story 5. rich, country 5. need, next 5. together, now 6. beautiful, originally 6. welcomed, short 6. melting, rights 6. belief, commitment 7. lose, distant 7. home, survival 7. weakened, replace 7. Creator, respect 8. impact, sun dancing 8. millions 8. alcohol, numb 8. young, fasting 9. teachings, inheritance 9. 1700’s, language 9. enforced, vote 9. spiritual, within 10. law, control 10. languages, grow 10. new, out 10. history, fairly 11. worldview, equal 11. tradition, schools 11. confusion, they 11. facts, balance 12. intricate, gifts 12. black, opposite 12. welcomed, allowed 12. youth, alive 13. Creation, balance 13. First, Europeans 13. agent, arrest 13. thank, Creator 14. love, forgiveness 14. Elders, grandfather 14. 1967, lost 14. always, people 15. tobacco, natural 15. spirit, lonely 15. lost, lost 15. kind, sharing 16. teaching, why 16. play, spirit 16. crown, passed 16. natural, tobacco 17. truth, today 17. child, could 17. 70’s, AIM 17. progress, healing 18. ceremony, good 18. stories, actualities 18. women, men 18. tradition, yours 19. thirties, culture 19. mind, laws 19. defend, Anishinabe 19. respect, both 20. language, stood 20. perspective, 20. fish, families perceptions 20. people, basic 21. ceremony, language 21. good, not 21. survival, health 21. important, learn

It’s not what you don’t know – it’s what you want to learn!

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