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Zhuge Liang`S Political Strategy As Represented in Luo Guanzhong`S Sam Kok

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Zhuge Liang`S Political Strategy As Represented in Luo Guanzhong`S Sam Kok ZHUGE LIANG`S POLITICAL STRATEGY AS REPRESENTED IN LUO GUANZHONG`S SAM KOK. A FINAL PROJECT submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra in English by YOHAN FEBRIYANTO KUSUMO 2211410039 ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS SEMARANG STATE UNIVERSITY 2017 ii iii MOTTO AND DEDICATION A leader isn`t afraid when his people doesn`t know him but afraid when he doesn`t know his people ( Liu Bei) This final project is dedicated to my my worry-wart and caring family. Well, its finally done right? So they can stop worry about it. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Foremost, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to God the almighty for the blessing and ease given to me in completing this final project. My deepest gratitude goes as well to my beloved parents for their untiring affection, supports and continues prayer. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my first and only advisor BAMBANG PURWANTO, S.S., M.Hum for giving me continues guidance as well as motivation and correction during the writing of this final project. I also would like to thank Dr. Rudi Hartono, S.S., M.Pd. as Head of English Department and to all lecturers of the English department for the knowledge and the patience in guiding and teach me in my study. Finally I thank to all people around me that I cannot mention one by one for their supports and help while this final project was being written. I realize that a lot of shortcomings may be found in this final project. Therefore, suggestions and criticisms are always needed for betterment. I hope this final project will be useful for the readers. May God bless us and I hope everything we have passed through will us to reach everything we wish. Writer v ABSTRACT Febriyanto, Y. 2017. ZHUGE LIANG, THE POLITICAL STRATEGY AS REPRESENTED IN GUANZHONG SAM KOK . Final Project. English Literature. Faculty of Languages and Arts. Semarang State University. First Advisor: BAMBANG PURWANTO, S.S., M.Hum. Keywords : Political Strategy, Luo Guanzhong, Sam Kok (Romance of The Three Kingdoms). Sam Kok or later would be known as Romance of The Three Kingdoms was a famous novel created by Luo Guanzhong based on turmoil era in China. I wanted to focus on the character of Zhuge Liang ( Kong Ming), one of the famous strategist and military leader of Shu. This paper was directed to answer two basic questions about the problems. They were first, How Zhuge Liang`s political strategy is represented in Luo Guanzhong`s Sam Kok; second, How Zhuge Liang' s finding for support environment in creating political strategy is represented in Luo Guanzhong‟s Sam Kok. The theory used in this paper was taken from the book entitled Teori Kesusastraan by Wellek and Warren (2001). His theory about the literature was used to analyze the data source. I also applied the other theories that are considered relevant to the topic of discussion in this paper. There were some steps done in collecting data after mastering the theories. The method that I used in collecting the data was library research. When the data were collected and identified, the data were rewritten and they were classified according to their types. Finally, the data were analyzed descriptively using the theory of literature. Zhuge Liang`s political strategy was represented in his battle of Red Cliff and his 5 military campaigns to the north. He pesuaded Wu to clash against Wei so that he could led Shu taking West China. Zhuge Liang's forefathers were prominent servants of the state, but he was orphaned early in his youth. As a child, he was forced to flee his home (province of Shantung) during the slaughter of 400,000 civilians by Cao Cao, the powerful warlord of the Wei state. The origin of his knowledgebase in "science, statecraft, and art" is unknown to many. It has been said that much of his learning was through his own process of researching and self-teaching. Other stories have Zhuge Liang learning from Pang De Gong (a famous educator-thinker of that era). Zhuge Liang advises Liu Bei to ally with Wu and retake the west China from Liu Zhang. The West China is a hard to tranverse area so it makes that place easely defended places. By taking it. It gives Liu Bei enough land and man power to oppose the two other kingdoms and creating the three kingdoms formation. Zhuge vi Liang always use environment to his benefit. In battle of Chibi for example, When newly trained naval army of Cao Cao in total of one million strong is defeated by tens of thousands strong army of Wu and Shu. Zhuge Liang advise Pang Tong to spy Cao Cao and advise him to tie the ships with chains so that the armies can walk on the board easily and not getting sea-sick. Then Zhuge Liamg calls wind and use fire tactic to obliterate Cao Cao armies. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS APPROVAL .......................................................................................................... ii PERNYATAAN .................................................................................................... iii MOTTO AND DEDICATION ............................................................................ iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................... v ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................... viii LIST OF APPENDICES ...................................................................................... x CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION.................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background of the Study ........................................................................... 1 1.2 Reasons for Choosing the Topic ................................................................ 2 1.3 Statement of the Problems ......................................................................... 3 1.4 Objectives of the Study .............................................................................. 3 1.5 Significance of the Study ........................................................................... 3 1.6 Outline of the Report ................................................................................. 4 II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ............................................ 6 2.1 Review of Previous Studies ....................................................................... 6 2.2 Theoretical Review .................................................................................... 7 2.2.1 Extrinsic Element ....................................................................................... 7 2.2.2 Sociology of Literature .............................................................................. 8 2.3 Political Strategy ........................................................................................ 9 2.3.1 The Concept of Political ............................................................................ 9 viii 2.4 Leadership ................................................................................................ 12 2.4.1 Definition of Leadership .......................................................................... 12 2.5 Theoretical Framework ............................................................................ 14 2.4 Diagram of The Analysis ......................................................................... 16 III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ......................................................... 17 3.1 Research Design....................................................................................... 17 3.2 Research Instrument................................................................................. 18 3.3 Data Collection ........................................................................................ 18 3.4 Data Analysis ........................................................................................... 20 IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ............................................................ 20 4.1 Zhuge Liang`s political strategy as represented in Luo Guanzhong`s Sam Kok .......................................................................................................... 20 4.2 The Environment Supports The Creation of Political Strategy as Represented in Luo Guanzhong‟s Sam Kok ........................................... 27 4.3 The Background of The Society ............................................................. 35 V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ............................................. 38 5.1 Conclusions .............................................................................................. 38 5.2 Suggestions .............................................................................................. 40 BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................ 42 APPENDIX ........................................................................................................... 44 ix LIST OF APPENDICES 1. Summary of The Novel..............................................................................45 x CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Chapter 1 contained introduction of the study that consisted of background of the study, reasons for choosing the topic, research problems, objectives of the study, significance of the study, and outline of the research report. The further explanation was presented in the subchapters below. 1.1. Background of The Study Language is a system
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