Cypriot Material Culture Studies from Picrolite Carving to Proskynitaria Analysis
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T C K a P R (E F C Bc): C P R
ELECTRUM * Vol. 23 (2016): 25–49 doi: 10.4467/20800909EL.16.002.5821 www.ejournals.eu/electrum T C K A P R (E F C BC): C P R S1 Christian Körner Universität Bern For Andreas Mehl, with deep gratitude Abstract: At the end of the eighth century, Cyprus came under Assyrian control. For the follow- ing four centuries, the Cypriot monarchs were confronted with the power of the Near Eastern empires. This essay focuses on the relations between the Cypriot kings and the Near Eastern Great Kings from the eighth to the fourth century BC. To understand these relations, two theoretical concepts are applied: the centre-periphery model and the concept of suzerainty. From the central perspective of the Assyrian and Persian empires, Cyprus was situated on the western periphery. Therefore, the local governing traditions were respected by the Assyrian and Persian masters, as long as the petty kings fulfi lled their duties by paying tributes and providing military support when requested to do so. The personal relationship between the Cypriot kings and their masters can best be described as one of suzerainty, where the rulers submitted to a superior ruler, but still retained some autonomy. This relationship was far from being stable, which could lead to manifold mis- understandings between centre and periphery. In this essay, the ways in which suzerainty worked are discussed using several examples of the relations between Cypriot kings and their masters. Key words: Assyria, Persia, Cyprus, Cypriot kings. At the end of the fourth century BC, all the Cypriot kingdoms vanished during the wars of Alexander’s successors Ptolemy and Antigonus, who struggled for control of the is- land. -
Kissonerga Mosphilia
Corso di Dottorato di ricerca in Scienze dell’Antichità ciclo 29° Tesi di Ricerca Stable Isotope Analysis of Human and Faunal Remains. A Palaeodietary Investigation into Chalcolithic and Bronze Age Cyprus. SSD: L-ANT/01 Coordinatore del Dottorato Ch. Prof. Luigi Sperti Supervisore Ch. Prof. Filippo Maria Carinci Dottorando Caterina Scirè Calabrisotto Matricola 956139 1. Abstract Studente: Caterina Scirè Calabrisotto matricola: 956139 Dottorato: Scienze dell’Antichità Ciclo: 29° Titolo della tesi: Stable Isotope Analysis of Human and Faunal Remains. A Palaeodietary Investigation into Chalcolithic and Bronze Age Cyprus. Abstract: This study focuses on the Chalcolithic and Early to Middle Bronze Age periods of Cypriot prehistory (ca. 3900-1650 BC) and utilises stable light isotope analysis of bone and teeth to explore issues of diet and subsistence economy. A total of 100 human and animal skeletal samples from eight archaeological sites pertaining to the investigated period have been processed. Measurements were conducted either on bone and dentine collagen (C, N) or on tooth enamel carbonate (C, O). The new isotopic dataset is discussed within the frame of three main research aims: 1) to investigate possible dietary differences among the selected prehistoric communities, distinguishing between the Chalcolithic and the Early to Middle Bronze Age periods; 2) to clarify whether the pre and proto-historic inhabitants of Cyprus also relied on freshwater and marine foods; 3) to identify possible individual patterns of consumption, especially gender-related differences in the diet. Firma dello studente i 2. Acknowledgements This work of thesis has benefited from the support and advice of many people. Firstly, I must thank my supervisor, Prof. -
3 Summary and Historical Conclusions
3 Summary and historical conclusions Vassos Karageorghis The importance of the necropolis at site Skales, rock offering ideal conditions for rock-cut chamber situated about 1200m southeast of the modern tombs. This formation of the ground may explain village of Kouklia, is already well known from the consistent NE–SW orientation of the dromoi of the British excavations of 1952 and later by the the tombs, allowing a maximum depth of rock for excavations of the Department of Antiquities in the chamber (see Karageorghis 1983, 2). 1979 (see Karageorghis 1983, 1). The necropolis is in The Late Cypriote IIIB tombs are characterised by privately owned land and has suffered considerably the originality of their pottery and the gold objects as a result of levelling operations by mechanical which they contained (see below). Typologically means. The discovery of gold objects in the tombs this material bears a striking similarity with the attracted the attention of looters, who are active in contents of the tombs from the cemetery of Alaas, this area to the present day. in the northeastern part of Cyprus, illustrating the More tombs have been excavated at Skales by koene character of the island’s culture during the archaeologists and looters than in any other part first half of the 11th century BC (see below). The of the necropoleis of Palaepahos, e.g. Xylinos/ same koene character continues during the early Xerolimni, Plakes, Kaminia, Kato Alonia etc (for a part of the Cypro-Geometric period, for which we recent survey of the topography of the city site have also cemeteries excavated elsewhere, e.g. -
Ancient Cyprus: Island of Conflict?
Ancient Cyprus: Island of Conflict? Maria Natasha Ioannou Thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Philosophy Discipline of Classics School of Humanities The University of Adelaide December 2012 Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................ III Declaration........................................................................................................... IV Acknowledgements ............................................................................................. V Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 1. Overview .......................................................................................................... 1 2. Background and Context ................................................................................. 1 3. Thesis Aims ..................................................................................................... 3 4. Thesis Summary .............................................................................................. 4 5. Literature Review ............................................................................................. 6 Chapter 1: Cyprus Considered .......................................................................... 14 1.1 Cyprus’ Internal Dynamics ........................................................................... 15 1.2 Cyprus, Phoenicia and Egypt ..................................................................... -
Study of the Geomorphology of Cyprus
STUDY OF THE GEOMORPHOLOGY OF CYPRUS FINAL REPORT Unger and Kotshy (1865) – Geological Map of Cyprus PART 1/3 Main Report Metakron Consortium January 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1/3 1 Introduction 1.1 Present Investigation 1-1 1.2 Previous Investigations 1-1 1.3 Project Approach and Scope of Work 1-15 1.4 Methodology 1-16 2 Physiographic Setting 2.1 Regions and Provinces 2-1 2.2 Ammochostos Region (Am) 2-3 2.3 Karpasia Region (Ka) 2-3 2.4 Keryneia Region (Ky) 2-4 2.5 Mesaoria Region (Me) 2-4 2.6 Troodos Region (Tr) 2-5 2.7 Pafos Region (Pa) 2-5 2.8 Lemesos Region (Le) 2-6 2.9 Larnaca Region (La) 2-6 3 Geological Framework 3.1 Introduction 3-1 3.2 Terranes 3-2 3.3 Stratigraphy 3-2 4 Environmental Setting 4.1 Paleoclimate 4-1 4.2 Hydrology 4-11 4.3 Discharge 4-30 5 Geomorphic Processes and Landforms 5.1 Introduction 5-1 6 Quaternary Geological Map Units 6.1 Introduction 6-1 6.2 Anthropogenic Units 6-4 6.3 Marine Units 6-6 6.4 Eolian Units 6-10 6.5 Fluvial Units 6-11 6.6 Gravitational Units 6-14 6.7 Mixed Units 6-15 6.8 Paludal Units 6-16 6.9 Residual Units 6-18 7. Geochronology 7.1 Outcomes and Results 7-1 7.2 Sidereal Methods 7-3 7.3 Isotopic Methods 7-3 7.4 Radiogenic Methods – Luminescence Geochronology 7-17 7.5 Chemical and Biological Methods 7-88 7.6 Geomorphic Methods 7-88 7.7 Correlational Methods 7-95 8 Quaternary History 8-1 9 Geoarchaeology 9.1 Introduction 9-1 9.2 Survey of Major Archaeological Sites 9-6 9.3 Landscapes of Major Archaeological Sites 9-10 10 Geomorphosites: Recognition and Legal Framework for their Protection 10.1 -
Cyprus Authentic Route 2
Cyprus Authentic Route 2 Safety Driving in Cyprus Comfort Rural Accommodation Tips Useful Information Only DIGITAL Version A Village Life Larnaka • Livadia • Kellia • Troulloi • Avdellero • Athienou • Petrofani • Lympia • Ancient Idalion • Alampra • Mosfiloti • Kornos • Pyrga • Stavrovouni • Kofinou • Psematismenos • Maroni • Agios Theodoros • Alaminos • Mazotos • Kiti • Hala Sultan Tekke • Larnaka Route 2 Larnaka – Livadia – Kellia – Troulloi – Avdellero – Athienou – Petrofani – Lympia - Ancient Idalion – Alampra – Mosfiloti – Kornos – Pyrga – Stavrovouni – Kofinou – Psematismenos – Maroni – Agios Theodoros – Alaminos – Mazotos – Kiti – Hala Sultan Tekke – Larnaka Margo Agios Arsos Pyrogi Spyridon Agios Tremetousia Tseri Golgoi Sozomenos Melouseia Athienou Potamia Pergamos Petrofani Troulloi Margi Nisou Dali Pera Louroukina Avdellero Pyla Chorio Idalion Kotsiatis Lympia Alampra Agia Voroklini Varvara Agios Kellia Antonios Kochi Mathiatis Sia Aradippou Mosfiloti Agia Livadia Psevdas Anna Ε4 Kalo Chorio Port Kition Kornos Chapelle Delikipos Pyrga Royal LARNAKA Marina Salt LARNAKA BAY Lake Hala Sultan Stavrovouni Klavdia Tekkesi Dromolaxia- Dipotamos Meneou Larnaka Dam Kiti Dam International Alethriko Airport Tersefanou Anglisides Panagia Kivisili Menogeia Kiti Aggeloktisti Perivolia Aplanta Softades Skarinou Kofinou Anafotida Choirokoitia Alaminos Mazotos Cape Kiti Choirokoitia Agios Theodoros Tochni Psematismenos Maroni scale 1:300,000 0 1 2 4 6 8 10 Kilometers Zygi AMMOCHOSTOS Prepared by Lands and Surveys Department, Ministry of Interior, -
Authentic Route 4
Cyprus Authentic Route 4 Safety Driving in Cyprus Comfort Rural Accommodation Only DIGITAL Tips Useful Information Version Celebrating the Vine Lemesos • Pano Polemidia • Apesia • Korfi • Limnatis • Kapileio • Agios Mamas • Pelendri • Potamitissa • Dymes • Agros • Chandria • Kyperounta • Troodos Square • Lemithou • Prodromos • Palaiomylos • Trooditissa Monastery • Foini • Kato and Pano Platres • Mandria • Omodos • Pera Pedi • Kouka • Silikou • Lofou • Lemesos Route 4 Lemesos – Pano Polemidia – Apesia – Korfi – Limnatis – Kapileio – Agios Mamas – Pelendri – Potamitissa – Dymes – Agros – Chandria – Kyperounta – Troodos Square – Lemithou – Prodromos – Palaiomylos – Trooditissa Monastery – Foini – Kato and Pano Platres – Mandria – Omodos – Pera Pedi – Kouka – Silikou – Lofou – Lemesos Moutoullas Panagia Panagia Archangelos Kannavia Agia Eirini tou Araka Mylikouri Pedoulas Spilia Saranti Lagoudera TROODOS Lemithou Livadia Platanistasa Prodromos Chandria Alithinou Fterikoudi Polystypos Kaminaria Palaiomylos Kyperounta Alona Askas Kato Apliki Treis Agios Agridia Amiantos Palaichori Elies Dimitrios TROODOS Dymes Agros Farmakas Ε4 Metamorfosis Trooditissa SQUARE Potamitissa Agios tou Sotiros Kampi Mesa Ioannis Agios Foini Pano Potamos Pelendri Panagia Theodoros Katholiki Platres Kato Odou Kato Mylos Platres Timios PITSILIA Moniatis Stavros Agios Agios Sykopetra Agios Mandria Pavlos Konstantinos Nikolaos Timios Pera Agios Stavros Pedi Kouka Mamas Zoopigi Kalo Agia Mavri Trimiklini Omodos Chorio Arakapas Arsos Koilani Silikou KOUMANDARIAKapileio -
Watery Entanglements in the Cypriot Hinterland
1 Article 2 Watery Entanglements in the Cypriot Hinterland 3 Louise Steel 1 4 1 Faculty of Humanities and Performing Arts, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, Lampeter, Ceredigion 5 SA48 7ED; [email protected] 6 7 Abstract: This paper examines how water shaped people’s interaction with the landscape in Cyprus 8 during the Bronze Age. The theoretical approach is drawn from the new materialisms, effectively a 9 ‘turn to matter’, which emphasises the very materiality of the world and challenges the privileged 10 position of human agents over the rest of the environment. The paper specifically moves away from 11 more traditional approaches to landscape archaeology, such as central place theory and more 12 recently network theory, which serve to separate and distance people from the physical world they 13 live in, and indeed are a part of; instead it focuses on an approach that embeds humans, and the 14 social/material worlds they create, as part of the environment, exploring human interactions within 15 the landscape as assemblages, or entanglements of matter. It specifically emphasises the materiality 16 and agency of water and how this shaped people’s engagement with, and movement through, their 17 landscape. The aim is to encourage archaeologists to engage with the materiality of things, to better 18 understand how people and other matter co-create the material (including social) world. 19 Keywords: Cyprus; Bronze Age; water; materiality; new materialisms; entanglements; assemblages; 20 networks; central place theory 21 22 1. Introduction: A New Materialist Approach to Past Environments 23 This paper seeks to evaluate how the agency of water shaped the development of the Cypriot 24 landscape during the Bronze Age, focusing on how the natural world itself shaped peoples’ 25 engagement with their environment. -
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Mfi Id Name Address Postal City Head Office
MFI ID NAME ADDRESS POSTAL CITY HEAD OFFICE CYPRUS Central Banks CY000001 Central Bank of Cyprus 80, Tzon Kennenty Avenue 1076 Nicosia Total number of Central Banks : 1 Credit Institutions CY130001 Allied Bank SAL 276, Archiepiskopou Makariou III Avenue 3105 Limassol LB Allied Bank SAL CY110001 Alpha Bank Limited 1, Prodromou Street 1095 Nicosia CY130002 Arab Bank plc 1, Santaroza Avenue 1075 Nicosia JO Arab Bank plc CY120001 Arab Bank plc 1, Santaroza Avenue 1075 Nicosia JO Arab Bank plc CY130003 Arab Jordan Investment Bank SA 23, Olympion Street 3035 Limassol JO Arab Jordan Investment Bank SA CY130006 Bank of Beirut and the Arab Countries SAL 135, Archiepiskopou Makariou III Avenue 3021 Limassol LB Bank of Beirut and the Arab Countries SAL CY130032 Bank of Beirut SAL 6, Griva Digeni Street 3106 Limassol LB Bank of Beirut SAL CY110002 Bank of Cyprus Ltd 51, Stasinou Street, Strovolos 2002 Nicosia CY130007 Banque Européenne pour le Moyen - Orient SAL 227, Archiepiskopou Makariou III Avenue 3105 Limassol LB Banque Européenne pour le Moyen - Orient SAL CY130009 Banque SBA 8C, Tzon Kennenty Street 3106 Limassol FR Banque SBA CY130010 Barclays Bank plc 88, Digeni Akrita Avenue 1061 Nicosia GB Barclays Bank plc CY130011 BLOM Bank SAL 26, Vyronos Street 3105 Limassol LB BLOM Bank SAL CY130033 BNP Paribas Cyprus Ltd 319, 28 Oktovriou Street 3105 Limassol CY130012 Byblos Bank SAL 1, Archiepiskopou Kyprianou Street 3036 Limassol LB Byblos Bank SAL CY151414 Co-operative Building Society of Civil Servants Ltd 34, Dimostheni Severi Street 1080 Nicosia -
Lem Esos Bay Larnaka Bay Vfr Routes And
AIP CYPRUS LARNAKA APP : 121.2 MHz AD2 LCLK 24 VFR VFR ROUTES - ICAO LARNAKA TWR : 119.4 MHz AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION 09/05/2009 10' 20' 30' 40' 50' 33° E 33° E 33° E 33° E 33° E Nicosia Airport (645) (740) remains closed Tower REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS Mammari until further notice Crane 10' 10' (480) 35° N 35° N (465) LEFKOSIA VFR ROUTES AND TRAINING AREAS 02 BUFFER (760) (825) (850) CYTA Stadium CBC Tower ZONE (905) Tower BUFFER SCALE : 1:250000 Astromeritis Pylons (595) Tower (600) (570) ZONE AREA UNDER TURKISH OCCUPATION Positions are referred to World Geodetic System 1984 Datum . (625) Elevations and Altitudes are in feet above Mean Sea Level. Akaki Palaiometocho Bearings and Tracks are magnetic. (745) Distances are in Nautical miles. Peristerona (1065) GSP Stadium Magnetic Variation : 04°00’E (2008) Mast LC(R) Pylons Projection : UTM Zone 36 Northern Hemisphere. Potami (595) Geri Sources : The aeronautical data have been designed by the KLIROU Lakatamia VAR 4° E (925)Lakatameia Department of Civil Aviation. The chart has been compiled by the Agios Orounta 46 122.5 MHz LC(D)-18 3000ft Department of Lands and Surveys using sources available in the Nikolaos Kato Deftera max 5000 ft 3500ft 1130 SFC Geographic Database. 1235 SFC LC(D)-37 1030 Vyzakia 1145 Tseri 7 19 10000ft 54 Agios 34 2 LC(D)-15 LC(D)-20 SFC Ioannis 1340 FL105 (1790) Vyzakia 1760 SFC Kato Moni Agios Psimolofou Mast LC(D)-06 dam Panteleimon Ergates SBA Boundary LEGEND 2110 3000ft 2025 (1140) Idalion SFC Achna Arediou MARKI Potamia AERONAUTICAL HYDROLOGICAL Klirou PERA dam FEATURES FEATURES dam 106° 122.5 MHz Mitsero N 35°01'57" 3000ft BUFFER 2225 MOSPHILOTI Kingsfield VFR route Aeronautical Water LC(D)-19 E 033°15'15" ZONE Xyliatos 7.6 NM 1195 N 34°57'12" reporting 6000ft Klirou Agios Xylotymvou ground reservoir 1605 Irakleidios 1465 points 3120 SFC KLIROU E 033°25'12" Pyla lights Tamassos Xyliatos Ag. -
Global Map of Irrigation Areas CYPRUS
Global Map of Irrigation Areas CYPRUS Area equipped for Area actually Region Territory irrigation (ha) irrigated (ha) Northern Cyprus Northern Cyprus 10 006 9 493 Ammochostos Republic of Cyprus 6 581 4 506 Larnaka Republic of Cyprus 9 118 5 908 Lefkosia Republic of Cyprus 13 958 12 023 Lemesos Republic of Cyprus 7 383 6 474 Pafos Republic of Cyprus 8 410 7 017 Cyprus total 55 456 45 421 Area equipped for irrigation (ha) Territory total with groundwater with surface water with non-conventional sources Northern Cyprus 10 006 9 006 700 300 Republic of Cyprus 45 449 23 270 21 907 273 Cyprus total 55 456 32 276 22 607 573 http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/irrigationmap/cyp/index.stm Created: March 2013 Global Map of Irrigation Areas CYPRUS Area equipped for District / Municipality Region Territory irrigation (ha) Bogaz Girne Main Region Northern Cyprus 82.4 Camlibel Girne Main Region Northern Cyprus 302.3 Girne East Girne Main Region Northern Cyprus 161.1 Girne West Region Girne Main Region Northern Cyprus 457.9 Degirmenlik Lefkosa Main Region Northern Cyprus 133.9 Ercan Lefkosa Main Region Northern Cyprus 98.9 Guzelyurt Lefkosa Main Region Northern Cyprus 6 119.4 Lefke Lefkosa Main Region Northern Cyprus 600.9 Lefkosa Lefkosa Main Region Northern Cyprus 30.1 Akdogan Magosa Main Region Northern Cyprus 307.7 Gecitkale Magosa Main Region Northern Cyprus 71.5 Gonendere Magosa Main Region Northern Cyprus 45.4 Magosa A Magosa Main Region Northern Cyprus 436.0 Magosa B Magosa Main Region Northern Cyprus 52.9 Mehmetcik Magosa Main Region Northern