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Australian National University Acton Campus — Site Inventory

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Australian National University Acton Campus — Site Inventory Australian National University Acton Campus — Site Inventory Study Item/ Area Chifley Library (JB Chifley Building) Acton Campus Precinct KINGSLEY Precinct Building Nos. & Names 15 (Chifley Library) Figure 1: Location of study area within the ANU Acton Campus site. Heritage Ranking Chifley Library—High—Meets the criteria for Commonwealth Heritage List Heritage Listing The Chifley Library is not individually listed on the Commonwealth Heritage List (CHL). Condition—Date The condition noted here is at January 2012. The Library continues to be well maintained for book storage and is in good condition. Relevant Documentation There is no relevant documentation for the JB Chifley Library. 1 ANU Acton Campus — Site Inventory — Chifley Library (15) Australian National University Acton Campus — Site Inventory Context of the Buildings Figure 2: The position of the JB Chifley Library in relation to Figure 3: Configuration of the JB Chifley Library in relation to Union Sullivan’s Creek to the west. Court and University Avenue. Brief Historical Overview The JB Chifley Building houses one of three principle libraries on the ANU campus, providing services for staff and students. Its location makes it a major focal and access point for undergraduate students. It contains the main ANU social sciences and humanities collections relating to Australia, Europe and the Americas, as well as the Reserve Area for social sciences and humanities. The principle subject areas housed in the JB Chifley Building include economics, education, fine art, history, languages, linguistics, literature, philosophy, political science, religion, sociology, women’s studies and official documents. The JB Chifley Building stage one was completed in 1964 to the plan of Thomas Edmund O’Mahoney, of O’Mahoney Neville & Morgan supervised by Bunning and Madden and constructed by AV Jennings after the need for a School of General Studies library was realised in 1959. It was originally known as the School of General Studies Library, before being named after Australia’s 16th Prime Minister Joseph Benedict (Ben) Chifley. Chifley was the Treasurer for the Labor government under John Curtin. Chifley became Prime Minister of Australia in following the death of John Curtin in 1945 (briefly interrupted by Frances Forde’s eight days in office). Chifley’s government introduced the bill which led to the establishment of the ANU and took a strong interest in its development. His government was also instrumental in encouraging post-war migration of Europe’s displaced persons and founding the Snowy Mountain Hydro-Electric Authority (which was staffed primarily of post-war migrants) and the National Airlines (now QANTAS). By 1965, book theft had become a major problem for the Chifley Library, which eventually led to the installation of tighter security measures and door attendants. In 1967 Stage Two of the building was commenced to the plans of Anthony Cooper and Associates Architects, and constructed by Kell and Rigby Builders. This final stage was completed in January of 1968. By 1977, scattered language laboratories and support services were consolidated as the Instructional Resources Unit (IRU) which was housed in the building until 1995, when it was occupied by the Centre for Networked Information (CNIP). In 2003 major refurbishments were carried out on a range of statutory, occupational health and safety and fire safety upgrades. 80,000 volumes were relocated from level 3 of the library to the Hancock Library, and all service facilities that had been on level 2 were relocated to level 3 except the Circulation Desk, Closed Reserve Collection and their associated services. 2 ANU Acton Campus — Site Inventory — Chifley Library (15) Australian National University Acton Campus — Site Inventory Figure 4: July 1961 floor plans for the first and second stages of the School of General Studies Library for the Naitonal Capital Development Commission designed by TE O’Mahoney. (Source: ANU Archives) Description of the JB Chifley Building Building The JB Chifley Building occupies a significant central location on the ANU Campus, providing a major defining element in the Denis Winston Axis between Union Court and Fellows Oval. The library was erected over the deviated creek bed of Sullivan’s Creek and the University Avenue Bridge was erected over dry land before the water course was redirected. Set on an elevated platform, the building stands over the former course of Sullivan’s Creek. The large, rectangular building has arched colonnades on the south east, south west and north east facades and triangular prismatic windows reinforced by eave copper roof ‘hips’ at the corners. The double entry doors are dedicated to Charles Hawker, Minister in the Australian House of Representatives from 1929 to 1938 for the United Australia Party. A textured pebble finish has been applied to the colonnades and exterior walls and has been rendered above the colonnades. The floor of the exterior walkway is constructed of quarry tiles. Landscape The landscape around the Chifley Library consists of grassed areas leading to Fellows Oval and concreted paths leading to Union Court. The library is surrounded on the southern and eastern elevations by hedged garden beds and rows of exotics plantings. The ‘Chifley Meadow’ to the east of the building provides an open grassed area which is commonly enjoyed by staff and students. Significance Assessment against the Commonwealth Heritage criteria Criteria Assessment (a) Historic The JB Chifley Building is significant as the second library commissioned for the ANU Campus by the The place has National Capital Development Commission after the Menzies Library. The library has been an integral significant heritage resource since the 1960s for study areas including economics, education, fine art, history, languages, value because of the linguistics, literature, philosophy, political science, religion, sociology, women’s studies and archaeology. place’s importance in Designed by TE O’Mahoney, the building contains elements of several significant modern styles the course, or 3 ANU Acton Campus — Site Inventory — Chifley Library (15) Australian National University Acton Campus — Site Inventory Significance Assessment against the Commonwealth Heritage criteria pattern, of Australia’s including the mid to late-twentieth century stripped classical style, international style and the entablature natural or cultural of the earlier beaux arts movement. The building is innovative in its design and use of prismatic windows history. and a colonnaded base and the vast differences in texture and materials are also of significance. Formerly the General Studies Library, the building was named after Australia’s 16th Prime Minister Joseph Benedict ‘Ben’ Chifley. Chifley was influential in the establishment of the Australia National University, passing a bill in 1946. Chifley took a strong interest in many aspects of the University’s planning and growth. The JB Chifley Building meets CHL criterion (a) for historic values. Attributes The building, its architectural styling, its use as an academic library and landscape setting. (b) Rarity The JB Chifley Building does not meet CHL criterion (b) for rarity values. The place has significant heritage values because of the place’s possession of uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of Australia’s natural or cultural history. (c) Scientific The JB Chifley Building does not meet CHL criterion (c) for scientific values. The place has significant heritage value because of the place’s potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of Australia’s natural or cultural history. (d) Representative The JB Chifley Building is highly representative of several significant modern architectural styles, The place has demonstrating a unique interpretation of these styles by TE O’Mahoney and Bunning and Madden, who significant heritage also collaborated on the design of the National Library of Australia (1968) which emulates some stylistic value because of the features of the JB Chifley Building. O’Mahoney also designed the later College of Law buildings with place’s importance in many similarities in their design. demonstrating the principal The building includes elements of the mid to late-twentieth century stripped classical style, with its characteristics of: symmetrical façade, regular bays with height exceeding width, horizontal skyline, horizontal massing, A class of Australia’s central entrance and lack of classical detailing. The building also displays elements of the International natural or cultural Style with its contrasting texture and cubiform shape, and the entablature of the earlier Beaux Arts places; or movement. The building is also innovative in its design and use of prismatic windows and the A class of Australia’s pebblecrete colonnaded base. natural or cultural The JB Chifley Building meets CHL criterion (d) for representative values environments. Attributes The building and its architectural features including prismatic windows and colonnaded base. (e) Aesthetic The landscape in the area, the architectural features and the differentiation in the building’s design are of The place has aesthetic significnace and may valued by the University or wider community, however aesthetic values significant heritage must be demonstrated as being valued by the community to qualify for recognition on the CHL. At this value because of the stage, JB Chifley Building does not meet this criterion because community appreciation of aesthetic 4 ANU Acton
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