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Preparing for the Global Citizenship Mini Challenge
KS4 NATIONAl/FOUNDATION WELSH BaccaLAUREATE Amgueddfa Cymru - National Museum Wales Preparing for the Global Citizenship Mini Challenge SOURCE PACK We can learn a lot about the issue of poverty and inequality today by studying Welsh history as well as examples from the world today. Study these sources about poverty and inequality in the slate industry in north Wales in the 19th century and the textile or clothing industry in modern Cambodia. The sources will help you to understand why workers are paid low wages, how they have protested and fought through trade unions to improve their lives and how their efforts have been opposed by those who stand to profit from the industry. If you would like to know more why not visit the National Slate Museum in Llanberis, north Wales. You can also research websites such as the Gwynedd Archives Slatesite. More can be found on the National Archives website and on the Welsh Government learning resources hwb. ISSUE: POVERTY FOCUS: INEQUALITY (cover image: Jezper/shuttersTOCK.com) (cover image: SOURCE 1: The National Wool Museum at Dre-fach Felindre, West Wales SOURCE 1: Adapted from a report in the north Wales newspaper the Daily Post, 22 June, 2013 The Great Strike at Penrhyn Slate Quarry, near Bethesda, out in protest, marking the beginning of the Great Strike, which north Wales, lasting from 1900 to 1903, was one of the largest lasted for three years. ever seen in Britain. The strikers received generous support, including a huge By 1900 Penrhyn was the world’s largest slate quarry, Christmas pudding, weighing two and a half tonnes from a worked by nearly 3,000 quarrymen. -
Penrhyn Quarry and Changes to the Form of Two Tips (As Described in Chapter 3 Above)
CULTURAL HERITAGE 8 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 8-1 Scope of this Report ............................................................................................................................... 8-1 METHODOLOGY .......................................................................................................................... 8-2 Desk Based Research .............................................................................................................................. 8-2 Field-based research ............................................................................................................................... 8-3 Scoping and Consultations ...................................................................................................................... 8-3 Assessment Methodology and Significance Criteria ............................................................................... 8-3 Relevant Legislation, Policy and Guidance .............................................................................................. 8-5 BASELINE CONDITIONS .............................................................................................................. 8-13 Designated Heritage Assets .................................................................................................................. 8-13 Archaeological Background ................................................................................................................. -
Maentwrog Yn Edrych Dros Bentref Maentwrog Yn Gartref I’R Teulu Thros Yr Aber I Bortmeirion
Mae’r daith heriol a gwerth chweil hon yn Cylchdaith Mannau o ddiddordeb Nyffryn Dwyryd yn cynnig sawl golygfa Roedd Plas Tan-y-Bwlch 1 , sy’n sefyll yn uchel ar y bryn banoramig i’w gweld dros yr Afon Dwyryd a 16 Maentwrog yn edrych dros bentref Maentwrog yn gartref i’r teulu thros yr aber i Bortmeirion. Mae rhan o'r Oakeley, oedd yn berchnogion chwareli a thir pwysig, ymysg y cyfoethocaf yng ngogledd Cymru. Priodas yr aeres â Sais daith yn dilyn Rheilffordd Ffestiniog drwy B4410 Gorsaf cyfoethog o’r enw William Oakley o Swydd Stafford ym goedlannau hardd ar un ochr i'r dyffryn, gan Tan y Bwlch 1789 oedd yn gyfrifol am gychwyn gweddnewidiad yr ystâd. Roedd llawer o’i lwyddiant wedi dod i’ w ran yn dilyn achos groesi Gwarchodfa Natur Coed Camlyn ar yr Garreg Llanfrothen Llyn Mair Blaenau cyfreithiol o bwys pan aeth yr Oakleys â’r Arglwydd ochr arall. Coed Ffestiniog Llyn y Garnedd A496 Rothchild i’r llys am dresmasu ar dir Tan y Bwlch wrth chwilio A4085 A487 am fwynau a llechi. O ganlyniad i hyn, daeth Chwarel yr Manylion y daith Plas Tan-y-Bwlch 1 Tan-y-Bwlch Rheilffordd TrawsfynyddT Oakley yn chwarel danddaearol fwya’r byd, yn cyflogi dros Amcan o hyd: 17km/10.5 milltir. Ffestiniog 2 1,600 o ddynion. I symud y llechi roedd rhaid ei gludo i lawr Amcan o'r amser: 6 awr. 4 Maentwrog yr afon, a dilynwyd hyn gan ddefnyddio rheilffyrdd ac A487A adeiladu Rheilffordd Ffestiniog. Map AO: graddfa 1:25 000 Explorer OL18. -
29) Blaenau Ffestiniog and District the Town of Blaenau Ffestiniog, Until
29) Blaenau Ffestiniog and district The town of Blaenau Ffestiniog, until recently carefully avoided by tourists and neatly excluded by the National Park boundary, was the third great centre of the slate quarrying industry in Gwynedd. Indeed the town owes its existence entirely to this industry; the former rural community was centred on the old village of Llan Ffestiniog 3½ miles to the south. The earliest quarry workings were started at what became the Diphwys Casson Quarry in about 1765, and the giants of Oakeley, Llechwedd and Maenofferen were soon well established or amalgamated from several smaller concerns. Some of the quarries are still in operation whilst others have only recently closed, and only now is some attempt being made to reclaim the desolation produced by continuous indiscriminate tipping of the mountains of grey slate waste which surrounded the town. Our plan shows the locations and their railway connections……. This picture looks out southwards over the town from high up in the Oakeley Slate Quarry workings; The L&NWR station and yard is at centre left, with the GWR premises in the distance above it. Across the fore- ground run the various narrow gauge Dinas branch routes. The former main route of the Festiniog Railway is rejoined by the new deviation line, described in the previous section, in the vicinity of Tan-y-Grisiau. The old station building here is largely demolished, but the goods shed with its wagon turntables adjacent may be noted. At the north end a branch diverges to the left up an incline, whence it can be followed to the lakeside slate quarries of Cwmorthin (680465) and Conclog higher up the valley. -
Zones of Influence
Eryri Local Development Plan Background Paper 21 Zones of Influence May 2017 Background Paper 21: Zones of Influence – May 2017 Introduction The Authority has identified eight ‘Zones of influence’ which are within and straddle the National Park. These areas have similar characteristics and have strong community links. The work on the Zones of Influence draws on a wide range of surveys and related national, regional and local plans and strategies discussed in the Spatial Development Strategy Background Paper. The paper identifies key centres within each zone of influence and recognises the influences of key centres outside the Park to inform the Spatial Development Strategy. The paper identifies key transport routes, key employment areas, and further education and key services for each zone. The paper discusses the main issues for each zone individually, the implications for the Local Development Plan and how the issues are addressed in the Plan. 2 Background Paper 21: Zones of Influence – May 2017 1.1. BALA ZONE OF INFLUENCE 3 Background Paper 21: Zones of Influence – May 2017 What’s it like now? 1.2. This zone covers Penllyn rural hinterland covering the community councils of Llanuwchllyn, Llandderfel, Llangywer, Llanycil and Bala and has a population of 4,362 according to the 2011 Census. The landscape is rural in character with scattered farmsteads and small villages. The zone includes Llyn Tegid (the largest natural lake in Wales), Llyn Celyn, Arenig Fawr and parts of the Aran Fawddwy. The main service centre for the area is the market town of Bala. Penllyn has strong traditions based on the Welsh language and culture. -
Llandygai Date Amended 24/05/2000 Locality Llandygai Date Delisted Grid Ref 260076 370987 Grade II*
Detail Report Authority Gwynedd Record No 3657 Date Listed 03/03/1966 Community Llandygai Date Amended 24/05/2000 Locality Llandygai Date Delisted Grid Ref 260076 370987 Grade II* Name Church of St Tegai Location Located at north-eastern end of village. History Nave retains small elements of C14 fabric at east end; chancel and transepts built in C16, the whole much restored by Henry Kennedy at the expense of Edward Douglas-Pennant, first Baron Penrhyn, in 1853 when the nave was lengthened, its windows replaced and the parapets above original string course rebuilt; the present central tower (replacing C16 one demolished in that year), west porch and north vestry were also added at this time. An earlier church, claimed to be of C6 origin, is said to have stood nearby. Exterior Cruciform parish church consisting of nave, chancel, central tower, transepts, north vestry and west porch. Roughly coursed rubblestone to nave, chancel and transepts with ashlar to parapets concealing shallow-pitched lead roofs; rock-faced ashlar to tower. Nave buttressed in 2 bays has mid-C19 3-light windows with panel tracery on both north and south, those to west with hoodmoulds; north side also has small rectangular window lighting gallery at west end; embattled parapets, including to west porch which has pointed and nook-shafted outer doorway with quatrefoils and trefoils to spandrels of square label; single-light trefoil-headed windows to sides and pointed inner doorway with Decorated-style tracery to door. Chancel has 5-light east window with hollow spandrels in 4-centred arch with hoodmould; similar windows in 3 lights to north and south but without hoodmoulds, north blocked; below and to right of east window is narrow infilled doorway with slate voussoirs (entrance to C19 burial vault). -
British Rainfall 1950
RELATION OF RAINFALL IN 1950 TO THE AVERAGE OF 1881-1915. RAINFALL IN SCALE OF TINTS 1950 PERCENT OF AVERAGE 0 50 100 AIR MINISTRY, METEOROLOGICAL OFFICE. The area coloured Red had rainfall below the average, that coloured Blue had rainfall above the average. British Rainfall, 1950 } [ Frontispiece 4756-4402-M.3171-750-IO/5Z.(M.F P.) M.O. 560 AIR MINISTRY METEOROLOGICAL OFFICE BRITISH RAINFALL 1950 THE NINETIETH ANNUAL VOLUME OF THE BRITISH RAINFALL ORGANIZATION Report on the DISTRIBUTION OF RAIN IN SPACE AND TIME OVER GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND DURING THE YEAR 1950 AS RECORDED BY ABOUT 5,000 OBSERVERS WITH MAPS 60549 LONDON : HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE 1952 CROWN COPYRIGHT RESERVED PUBLISHED BY HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE To be purchased from York House, Kingsway, LONDON, w.c.2 423 Oxford Street, LONDON, w.l P.O. Box 569, LONDON, s.E.l 13a Castle Street, EDINBURGH, 2 1 St. Andrew's Crescent, CARDIFF 39 King Street, MANCHESTER, 2 Tower Lane, BRISTOL, 1 2 Edmund Street, BIRMINGHAM, 3 80 Chichester Street, BELFAST or from any Bookseller 1952 Price £1 5s. Off. net S.O, Code No. 40 10-0-50* CONTENTS PAGE PAGE PART I PART ffl 1. THE WORK OF THE BRITISH RAINFALL PAPERS ON RAINFALL IN British Rainfall ORGANIZATION British Rainfall 1926-1950 .. .. .. ..208 1950 Local Organizations — The AVERAGE MONTHLY AND ANNUAL RAIN Staff of Observers — Investigations FALL OVER EACH COUNTY OF ENGLAND —Inspections—Inquiries—Obituary 1 AND WALES .. .. .. .. 215 2. THE DISTRIBUTION OF RAINFALL IN TIME DAYS WITH RAIN 5 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 3. -
Site Analysis: Penryhn Quarry
Site Analysis: Penryhn Quarry Aim: To research my chosen location of Penryhn quarry and consider all of the factors that I think will influence the function, aesthetics and manufacture of my building with special interest into weather conditions that could be incorporated into a more environmentally friendly design. The Penrhyn Slate Quarry is a slate quarry located near Bethesda in north Wales. At the end of the nineteenth century it was the world's largest slate quarry; the main pit is nearly 1 mile (1.6 km) long and 1,200 feet (370 metres) deep, and it was worked by nearly 3,000 quarrymen. It has since been superseded in size by slate quarries in China, Spain and the USA. Penrhyn is still Britain's largest slate quarry but its workforce is now nearer 200. It was owned from the 1780's by the Pennant family and rapidly developed as a major industrial unit. The majority of quarrying was still small scale at that time and was being carried on as an aside from farming. The quarry was first developed in the 1770s by Richard Pennant, later Baron Penrhyn although it is likely that small- scale slate extraction on the site began considerably earlier. Much of this early working was for domestic use only as no large scale transport infrastructure was developed until Pennant's involvement. From then on, slates from the quarry were transported to the sea at Port Penrhyn on the narrow gauge Penrhyn Quarry Railway built in 1798, one of the earliest railway lines. In the 19th century the Penrhyn Quarry, along with the Dinorwic Quarry, dominated the Welsh slate industry. -
<Pea~ Cvistrict ~Iries Chistorical C-Societycltd
<pea~ CVistrict ~iries CHistorical C-SocietyCLtd. NEWSLETTER No 96 OCTOBER 2000 SUMMARY OF DATES FOR YOUR DIARY 22 October U/ground meet - Rochdale Page 2 19 November Ecton Mines Page 3 25 November AGM and Anual Dinner Page 1 22-23 September 2000 NAMHO Field Meet Pagell TO ALL MEMBERS MrN Potter+ ~otice is hereby given that the Twenty Sixth Annual Mr J R Thorpe*(Acting Hon secretary) General Meeting of the Peak District Mines Historical Those whose names are marked (*) are retiring as Society Ltd will be held at 6.00pm on Saturday required by the Articles of Association and are eligible for 25 November 2000 at the Peak District Mining Museum, re-election. Those whose names are marked (+) are Grand Pavilion, Matlock Bath, Derbyshire. retiring and are not eligible for re-election. The Agenda will be distributed at the start of the Fully paid up members of the Society, who are aged meeting. 18 years and over, are invited to nominate Members of the By Order Society (who themselves are fully paid up and who have J Thorpe consented to the nomination) for the vacant positions on Hon Secretary the Committee. Nominations are required for the position of: THE COMPANIES ACT 1985 As required under Article 24 of the Articles of Chairman Association of the Company, the following Directors will Deputy Chairman retire at the Annual General Meeting: Hon Secretary 1. The Hon Secretary (acting) Hon Treasurer 2. The Chairman Hon Recorder 3. The Deputy Chairman Hon Editor 4. The Hon Treasurer Two Ordinary Members 5. The Hon Editor 6. -
Der North Wales Way
Der North Wales Way Ein Kurztrip durch die Jahrhunderte thewalesway.com northeastwales.wales visitconwy.org.uk visitsnowdonia.info visitanglesey.co.uk Wo ist Wales? So kommen Sie nach Wales. Wales ist gut angebunden an alle größere britische Städte, wie z.B. London, Birmingham, Manchester und Liverpool. Wales hat seinen eigenen Flughafen, Cardiff International Airport (CWL), mit mehr als 50 Direktflüge zu europäischen Großstädten und zu über 1.000 Zielen weltweit. Wales ist ebenfalls gut angebunden an Bristol (BRS), Birmingham (BHX), Manchester (MAN) und Liverpool (LPL) Flughafen. 2 Stunden mit dem Zug von London 3 Stunden Autofahrt von Central London, 1 Std Autofahrt von Liverpool, Manchester, Bristol und Birmingham. Der Flughafen Cardiff bietet Direktflüge nach ganz Europa an, sowie weltweite Verbindungen über die Flughäfen Doha, Schipol und Dublin. cardiff-airport.com Direkte Fährverbindungen von irischen Häfen AONB Ein Gebiet gekennzeichnet durch „Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB)“ - ein Gebiet von aussergewöhnlicher natürlicher Schönheit - ist eine gekennzeichnete, aussergewöhnliche Landschaft dessen einzigartiger Charakter und natürliche Schönheit so wertvoll ist, daß es im nationalen Interesse geschützt wird. Wales hat 5 Gebiete von herausragender natürlicher Schönheit (AONB): • Anglesey • die Clwydianische Bergkette und das Dee Tal • die Gower-Halbinsel • die Llŷn-Halbinsel • das Wye Tal Obwohl alle Anstrengungen unternommen wurden, um die Richtigkeit dieser Veröffentlichung zu gewährleisten, können die Herausgeber keinerlei Haftung für Fehler, Ungenauigkeiten oder Auslassungen oder für irgendwelche mit der Veröffentlichung der Informationen verbundenen oder daraus entstehenden Probleme übernehmen. Bitte überprüfen Sie alle Preise und Einrichtungen, bevor Sie Ihre Buchung vornehmen. Wenn Sie mit der Anleitung fertig sind, wollen Sie diese nicht an einen Freund oder Freundin weiterleiten? Alternativ geben Sie diese bitte in einen geeigneten Recyclingbehälter. -
10) Port Penrhyn and the 1800 Horse Tramway Slates from What Became
10) Port Penrhyn and the 1800 horse tramway Slates from what became the workings of Penrhyn Quarries have been shipped from Abercegin near Bangor since about 1700. Originally boats were loaded on the beach at low tide, but the great increase in demand that marked the onset of the Industrial Revolution resulted in the development from 1780 of the present extensive facilities on the site that became known as Port Penrhyn. The Penrhyn Railway, running down to here from the Quarries near Bethesda, was first built as a horse tramway in 1800-1 then replaced by a 1 ft 10¾ in gauge locomotive-worked line on a different route circa 1878. The latter remained in use until June 1962, since when lorries have conveyed a very much-reduced traffic for shipment at the Port. The quays were also served by a standard gauge siding from the Chester & Holyhead line, opened in 1852 and removed in 1963, which allowed transhipment onto the main railway network. Our plan shows all these routes, also the L&NWR branch line from Bethesda Junction, Bangor to Bethesda…… Our composite plan of the quays was compiled in October 1966, at which time the standard-gauge tracks had been removed, but there course was still evident. The narrow-gauge lines were still intact, but were removed just a few weeks later. The functions of the various buildings were explained to us by Iorwerth Jones, a former locomotive driver on the Penrhyn Railway…… Although Port Penrhyn today is occasionally visited by a coasting vessel from mainland Europe (as seen in our picture right) to take on a cargo of slate brought down from the quarry by road, the quays are now the province of the local fishing fleet, the Straits' sand-dredger and civil engineering and building contractors. -
Your Journey 2 the Arrow Gauge Ailway Useu Trust 8 Through the Collection NGRMNGRM
Eich Taith 6 4 trwy’r Casgliad 3 5 7 Your Journey 2 The arrow Gauge Railway useu Trust 8 through the Collection NGRMNGRM 1 9 King’s Cafe Llawr gwaelod 1 William Finlay – Adeiladwyd gan Fletcher Jennings yn 1880, rhif gwaith 173L, lled 3’ 2¼’’. Un o bâr o locos a gy flenwyd i’r Dorking Greystone Lime Co. i weithio yn eu chwarel. 11 2 Wagen Dywallt Droi Rheilffordd Duffield Bank – adeiladodd Syr Arthur Heywood lein 15’’ o led yn 1874 i brofi 10 bod rheilffyrdd cul yn gallu bod yn ddefnyddiol mewn ymgyrchoedd diwydiannol, amaethyddol a milwrol. 3 Loco petrol/paraffin Baguley – Adeiladwyd gan Baguley (Cars) Ltd. yn 1918, rhif gwaith 774, lled 2’. Un o chwe loco a gyflenwyd i’r Adran Cyflenwi Pren, bu rhif 774 yn gweithio ar lwybr tram coedwig ger Pennal, Gwynedd. Ground floor 4 Wagen Gwaith Brics Birkby – Agorodd y gwaith brics, Wyke, Bradford, yn 1869; cludwyd clai o’r chwarel yn def 1 William Finlay – Built by Fletcher Jennings in 1880, works no. 173L, gauge 3’ 2¼’’. One of a pair of locos nyddio tybiau metel bach a dynnwyd i fyny llethr blatffordd 1’ 6’’ gyda tsiaen di-dor. supplied to the Dorking Greystone Lime Co. to work in their quarry. 5 Loco Bragdy Guinness Rhif 13 – Adeiladwyd gan Spence yn 1895, rhif gwaith 13, lled 1’ 10’’. Un o ddeunaw loco 2 Duffield Bank Railway Rotary Tipper Wagon – Sir Arthur Heywood built a 15’’ gauge line in 1874 to prove a adeiladwyd gan Spence i gynllun gan Geoghegan i weithio yn y bragdy.