Boston Symphony Orchestra Concert Programs, Season 58
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Arafcntuj of fflitatr • Urooklgn Friday Evening, November 18 Under the auspices of the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences and the Philharmonic Society of Brooklyn Boston Symphony Orchestra [Fifty-eighth Season, 1938-1939] SERGE KOUSSEVITZKY, Conductor Personnel Violins BURGIN, R. ELCUS, G. LAUGA, N. SAUVLET, H. RESNIKOFF, V. Concert-master GUNDERSEN, R KASSMAN, N. CHERKASSKY, P. EISLER, D. THEODOROWICZ, J. HANSEN, E. MARIOTTI, V. FEDOROVSKY, P. TAPLEY, R. P. KRIPS, LEIBOVICI, J. PINFIELD, C. LEVEEN, A. KNUDSON, C. ZUNG, M. BEALE, M. GORODETZKY, L. MAYER, P. DIAMOND, S. DEL SORDO, R. FIEDLER, B. BRYANT, M. STONESTREET, l. messina, s. DICKSON, H. MURRAY, J. ERKELENS, H. seiniger, s. Violas LEFRANC, J. FOUREL, G. BERNARD, A. GROVER, H. WERNER, H. ARTIERES, L. CAUHAPE, J. VAN WYNBERGEN, C. AVIERINO, N. JACOB, R. GERHARDT, S. humphrey, g. Violoncellos FABRIZIO, E. BEDETTI, J. langendoen, j. chardon, y. stockbridge, C. ZIGHERA, A. tortelier, p. droeghmans, h. warnke, j. MARJOLLET, L. ZIMBLER, J. Basses KUNZE, M. LEMAIRE, J. FRANKEL, I. GIRARD, H. DELESCLUSE, F. VONDRAK, A. MOLEUX, G. JUHT, L. DUFRESNE, G. BARWICKI, J. Flutes Oboes Clarinets Bassoons LAURENT, G. GILLET, F. POLATSCHEK, V. ALLARD, R. RATEAU, R. DEVERGIE, J. VALERIO, M. PANENKA, e. pappoutsakis, J- LUKATSKY, J. MAZZEO, R. LAUS, A. Eb Clarinet Piccolo English Horn Bass Clarinet Contra-Bassoon MADSEN, G. SPEYER, L. MIMART, P. PILLER, B. Horns Horns Trumpets Trombones VALKENIER, W. SINGER, J. MAGER, G. RAICHMAN, J. MACDONALD, W LANNOYE, M. LAFOSSE, M. HANSOTTE, L. SINGER, J. SHAPIRO, H. VOISIN, R. L. LILLEBACK, w. GEBHARDT, W. KEANEY, P. VOISIN, R. SMITH, V. Tuba Harps Timpani Percussion ADAM, E. ZIGHERA, B. SZULC, R. sternburg, s. CAUGHEY, E. polster, m. white, l. arcieri, e. Organ Piano Librarian SNOW, A. sanroma, J. ROGERS, L. J. Aratomg nf $tair • Snmklytt FIFTY-EIGHTH SEASON, 1938-1939 Boston Symphony Orchestra SERGE KOUSSEVITZKY, Conductor Richard Burgin, Assistant Conductor Concert Bulletin of the First Concert FRIDAY EVENING, November 18 with historical and descriptive notes by John N. Burk The OFFICERS and TRUSTEES of the BOSTON SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA, Inc. Ernest B. Dane President Henry B. Sawyer Vice-President Ernest B. Dane Treasurer Allston Burr M. A. De Wolfe Howe Henry B. Cabot Roger I. Lee Ernest B. Dane Richard C. Paine Alvan T. Fuller Henry B. Sawyer Jerome D. Greene Edward A. Taft N. Penrose Hallowell Bentley W. Warren G. E. Judd, Manager C. W. Spalding, Assistant Manager [1] vyuR concerts in Brooklyn, hon- ored and made possible by your at- tendance, have taken on the nature of an institution, now enriched by the traditions of many years; but it is a fact that financially they do not wholly pay for themselves. All who are interested in the Or- chestra and its success are cordially invited to enroll as Friends of the Orchestra. A check in any amount payable to the Boston Symphony Orchestra and mailed to E. B. Dane, Esquire, 6 Bea- con Street, Boston, will constitute your enrollment for the Season. Edward A. Taft Chairman, Friends of die Boston Symphony Orchestra [2] Aratomg nf Mxxmt • IBrooklgtt Boston Symphony Orchestra FIFTY-EIGHTH SEASON, 1938-1939 SERGE KOUSSEVITZKY, Conductor FIRST CONCERT FRIDAY EVENING, November 18 Programme Beethoven Symphony No. 2 in D major, Op. 36 I. Adagio molto; Allegro con brio II. Larghetto III. Scherzo (Allegro) IV. Allegro molto Copland "El Salon Mexico" INTERMISSION Dvorak Symphony No. 5, in E minor, "From the New World," Op. 95 I. Adagio; Allegro molto II. Largo III. Scherzo: Molto vivace IV. Allegro con fuoco STEINWAY PIANO [jl SYMPHONY NO. 2, IN D MAJOR, Op. 36 By Ludwig van Beethoven Born at Bonn, December 16 (?), 1770; died at Vienna, March 26, 1827 The Second Symphony, composed in 1802, was first performed April 5, 1803, at the Theater-an-der Wien in Vienna. Dedicated to Prince Carl Lichnowsky, the symphony is scored for two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets, two bassoons, two horns, two trumpets, timpani and strings. Looking down from the Kahlenberg "towards Vienna in the bright, j sweet springtime," Thayer found the countryside where Beethoven worked out so much of his greatest music indescribably lovely. "Con- spicuous are the villages, Dobling, hard by the city Nussdorfer line, and Heiligenstadt, divided from Dobling by a ridge of higher land in a deep gorge." Among these landmarks of Beethoven, now probably obliterated by population and habitation, there stood forth most not- ably the once idyllic Heiligenstadt, Beethoven's favorite haunt when music was in process of birth. At Heiligenstadt in 1802, almost simultaneously Beethoven ex- pressed himself in two startlingly different ways. In October he wrote the famous "Heiligenstadt testament," pouring out his grief at the full realization that his deafness was incurable, into a document carefully sealed and labelled "to be read and executed after my death." Before this and after, working intensively, making long drafts and redrafts, he composed the serene and joyous Second Symphony. Writers have constantly wondered at the coincidence of the agonized "testament" and the carefree Symphony in D major. Perhaps it must be the expectation of perennial romanticism that a "secret sorrow" must at once find its voice in music. Beethoven at thirty-two had not yet reached the point of directly turning a misfortune to musical ac- count — if he ever reached such a point. He was then not quite ready to shake off the tradition of Haydn and Mozart, who had their own moments of misery, but to whom it would never have remotely oc- curred to allow depressed spirits to darken the bright surfaces of their symphonies. Beethoven found a way, soon after, to strike notes of poignant grief or of earth-shaking power such as music had never known. He found the way through the mighty conception of an imagi- nary hero — not through the degrading circumstance that the sweet strains of music were for him to be displaced by a painful humming and roaring, the humiliating thought that he was to be an object of ridicule before the world — a deaf musician. That terrible prospect might reasonably be expected to have driven him to take glad refuge in his powers of creation, to exult in the joyous freedom of a rampant [4] imagination, seizing upon those very delights of his art from which the domain of the senses was gradually shutting him out. And indeed it was so. Writing sadly to Dr. Wegeler of his infirmity, he added: "I live only in my music, and I have scarcely begun one thing when I start another. As I am now working, I am often engaged on three or four things at the same time." He composed with un- flagging industry in the summer of 1802. And while he made music of unruffled beauty, Beethoven maintained the even tenor of his outward life. Ferdinand Ries, who was very close to Beethoven at this time, has told the following touching incident: "The beginning of his hard hearing was a matter upon which he was so sensitive that one had to be careful not to make him feel his deficiency by loud speech. When he failed to understand a thing he generally attributed it to his absent-mindedness, to which, indeed, he was subject in a great degree. He lived much in the country, whither I went often to take a lesson from him. At times, at 8 o'clock in the morning after breakfast, he would say: 'Let us first take a short walk.' We went, and frequently did not return till 3 or 4 o'clock, after hav- ing made a meal in some village. On one of these wanderings Bee- thoven gave me the first striking proof of his loss of hearing, concern- ing which Stephan von Breuning had already spoken to me. I called his attention to a shepherd who was piping very agreeably in the woods on a flute made of a twig of elder. For half an hour Beethoven could hear nothing, and though I assured him that it was the same with me (which was not the case), he became extremely quiet and morose. When occasionally he seemed to be merry it was generally to the extreme of boisterousness; but this happened seldom." It may have been this pathetic episode of the shepherd's pipe which brought before Beethoven with a sudden vivid force the terrible dep- rivation of his dearest faculty. It may have precipitated the Heiligen- stadt paper, for in it he wrote: "What a humiliation when one stood beside me and heard a flute in the distance and I heard nothing, or someone heard the shepherd singing and again I heard nothing; such incidents brought me to the verge of despair. A little more, and I would have put an end to my life — only art it was that withheld me. Ah, it seemed impossible to leave the world until I had produced all I felt called upon to produce." To his more casual friends there could have been no suspicion of the crisis, the thoughts of suicide which were upon him at this time. He dined with them as usual, made music and joked with them, wrote peppery letters to his publishers, composed constantly. His serious attentions to Giulietta Guicciardi were then brought to an abrupt end, it is true, but it was known that this was not his first affair of the heart. Only after his death did the publication of the "Heiligenstadt [5] Testament" make known the hopeless and anguished mood oil Bee- thoven in 1802. This remarkable document was signed on October 6, and must have been written at the end of his summer's sojourn in the then idyllic district of Heiligenstadt.