BOW [270] BOX

Germ, id. from a bunch wile the bannocks for the buckly, Dan. bugelt, bugle, They weird ; A" or humph; and this from bug-en, to bend. V. BEUGLE- tramp their feckfu' jirkiu fu", BACKED. To sleek aneath the bowster. ' ' That duck was the first of the kind we had ever Tarras's Poems, p. 74. eeen and it of Aberd. 1538. ; many thought was the goose species, Bowster, Reg. only with short bmaly legs." Ann. of the Par. p. 131. BOWSTING, s. Apparently a pole to be BOWLIE, s. A designation given in derision used as a bow. V. STING. to one who is Dumfr. bow-legged, "Valit [i.e. picked] bowstingis, price of the scoir vi Ib. Scottis money." Aberd. Reg. A. 1551, V. 21. BOWLOCHS, s. pi. Ragweed, Senecio jacobaea, Wigtonshire. BOWSUNES, s. [Obedience.] Dr. And bowsunes, that as ye From Gael, buaghallan, id. Shaw ; bualan, Stew- wys Gayis, bettyre is than sacrifyis. art of Luss, ap. Lightfoot, p. 1132. Wynlown, Prol. i. 67. Als as scho wes borne BOWLS, s. pi. A name commonly given to nakyt Scho rade, as scho had beforne the of because with small heycht ; game taw, played And sa fulfillyt all byddyng and bowls made of marble, S.; hence also called And gat hyr wyll hyr yharnyng. Be resown of this bowsunes Marbles. Maid the Gud Quene cald scho wes. Ibid. viii. 6. 59. To BOWN, v. a. To make ready. V. BODN, Mr. Macpherson apprehends that in the first passage v. it signifies business, and that in the second it should be bousmnnes, as denoting obedience. But this is the true s. third estate ; the in in first it is to sacri- BOWRUGIE, Burgess meaning both ; as the opposed it in a Parliament or Convention. fice, refers to the language of Samuel to Saul ; "Be- hold, to obey is better than sacrifice." Fyve monethis thus Scotland stud in gud rest, Wyntown seems to write it from A.-S. A consell cryit, thaim thocht it wes the best, thus, propter euphoniam ; In Sanct Jhonstoun that it suld haldyn be, bocsumnesse. V. BOUSUM. Assemblit thar Clerk, Barown, and Bowrugie. " Wallace, viii. 4. MS. BOWT, s. Bowt of worsted," Aberd. Reg. A resemblance of the sound of Fr. bour- corrupted as much worsted as is wound upon a clew, geois. ourrugie is used collectively. while the clew is held in one position, S. BOWS, s. pi. The name commonly given in V. BOUT. former times, in S., to sugar-tongs. It is s. 1. A bolt, a in to be now BOWT, shaft; general. supposed obsolete, existing only *' A fool's bowt is soon shot." Ramsay's in the recollection of old people. S. Prov. p. 10. Denominated, most probably, from their bowing or And never a dairt bending quality. So pierced my heart As dois the bowt BOWS, s. pi. To take one throw the Bows, Quid I k luif me schot. to call one to a severe Aberd. reckoning, Ckron. S. P. i. 58. In allusion, perhaps to the punishment of the stocks; 2. A thunderbolt, S. Teut. boeye, compes, vinculum pedis. And for misluck, they just were on the height, when the bowt on them wad BOWS Lint. V. BOLL. Ay thinking light. of Bow, Ross's Helenore, p. 74. 3. An iron bar. BOW-SAW, s. A thin and very narrow saw, "Item ane uthir battirt at the hall mar- fixed in a frame, which is tightened by a lyand end, kit with the armes of montit on ane auld to the saw used for Scotland, cord keep from warping, axtre the said stok stok, quhelis, and ; with garnesit " cutting figured work. It has a semicircular over and nedder bandis of irne, and sex irne bowttis. Inventories, A. 1580, 300. handle, that the saw may bend freely, S. p. "Axes, eitch, drug-saw, bow-saw," &c. Depre- BOWTING CLAITH. V. BOUT-CLAITH. dations on the Clan Campbell, p. 52. V. DRUG-SAW. Teut. serrula arcuaria. boghe-saghe, To BOX, v. a. To wainscot, to pannel walls " with wood A' the rooms i' the house BOWSIE, adj. Crooked, S. Fr. bossu, id. ; as, are box'd" S. BOWSIE, s. A designation given in ridicule Denominated perhaps from the quadrangular form to one who is Dumfr. crooked, of the pamiels, as if they resembled a box, or from the idea of the walls being enclosed. BOWSIE, adj. Large, bushy. V. BOUZY. BOX-BED, s. 1. A bed, in which the want BOWSTAK, BOUSTER, BOWSTER s. The of roof, curtains, &c. is entirely supplied by bolster of a bed, S. wood. It is enclosed on all sides except in "Item twa stikkit mattis with ane bowstar, with front, where two are used as ane stikkit holland claith, and ane scheit of fustiane." sliding pannels S. Inventories, A. 1539, p. 46. doors, BOX [271] ];i; A

"Their long course ended, by Norna drawing aside braa is cilium, the brow, whence auynabraa, the eye- a behind a or brow and brail an Su.- sliding pannel, which, opening wooden, ; signifies steep, having ascent; box-bed, as it is called in Scotland, admitted them into G. brattur, bryn, vertex montis, praecipitium, id quod aut aliis eminet an ancient, but very mean apartment." The Pirate, ceteris superstat, prae ; also, margo Isl. sese tollere in iii. 249. amnix, Ihre ; bruna, altum, breclca, clivua. 2. It is also used to denote a bed of another It may be viewed as a proof of this affinity, that form, resembling a scrutoir or chest of brow is used both in S. and . in a sense nearly allied to lirn: as an or the of it as drawers, in which the canvas and bed- , denoting eminence, edge ; if both acknowledged braa, cilium, as their root. clothes are folded the S. up during day, ; Twa mile she ran afore she bridle drew, called also a lureau-bed. This is the more And syne she lean'd her down upon a brow. Boss's 58. common use of the term. Helenore, p. BRAE-FACK, s. The front or slope of a hill, S. BOX-DRAIN, . A drain in which the " If a kill be built to a brae-face, or the side of a stones are set so that there be carefully may rock, it can have but three vents." Maxwell's Sel. a regular opening for the water, Forfars. Trans, p. 194. 1 ' From the abundance of in this great flag-stones BRAE-HAG, s. The projecting part of the bank box-drains are often below to county, paved prevent of a the which has moles from choaking them with earth. They are built river, beyond vacancy up with square stones at the sides, and covered with been caused by the force of the stream, above." Surv. Forfars. flags Agr. generally hollow underneath, Roxb.

. that has been broken BOXING, Wainscotting ; Sir J. Sinclair, p. V. HAG, moss ground up. 170, S. BRAE-HAULD, *. The hollow projecting part of the bank of a river Roxb. the same BRA', adj. Fine, &c. V. BRAW. ; ; with Brae-hag. BRA, BRAE, BRAY, . 1. The side of a hill, Dan. "a a a an S. hold, decline, steepness, declivity," acclivity, Wolff. Su.-G. haell-a, Isl. hall-a, inclinare. Landft Thai abaid till that he was declivis est haellet, regio ; whence E. heel, as "the ship in ane narow Entryt place heels," navis procumbit in latus. Alem. h? Id-en, hatd- Betwix a louchsid ana a bra. en, whence haldo, praeceps. Isl. hall-r, proclivitas; also Barbour, iii. 109. MS. as an adj. proclivis, inclmatus. All the brayis of that buyrne buir brenchis above. Houlate, i. 2. MS. BRAE-HEAD, s. The summit of a hill, S. " 2. The bank of a river, S. All the boys of Gamock assembled at the brae-head, which commands an extensive view of the Kilmarnock Endlang the wattyr than yeid he On athyr syd a gret quantity, road." Ayrs. Legatees, p. 282. And saw the brayis hey standaud, s. The wattyr how throw slik rynnand. BRAE-LAIRD, BRAES-LAIRD, A proprietor vi. 77. MS. Harbour, of land on the southern declivity of the the brink or bank of a brook or river i.e. "Breea, ; S. the brow. North." Gl. Grose. Grampians, "In Mitchell's Opera, called the Highland Fair, a 3. A hill, S. Brae Laird is introduced as the natural and hereditary of a chieftain." Note from Sir W. S. Twa men I saw ayont yon brae, enemy Highland She trembling said, I wiss them muckle wae. BRAEMAN, s. One "who inhabits the southern Jtoss's Helenore, p. 60. side of the S. 4. Conjoined with a name, it denotes ''the Grampian hills, Humanity strongly invites you to know of a as is observed Gl. upper part country," The worm-wasted Braemans fate, laid in yon grave, or rather the of O'er which the tall ferns of the wilderness wave. Wynt.; hilly part it, also, Train's Mountain a as " Muse, p. 70. hilly country ; Bra-mar, Bra-Catt, the Braes of Angus ;" S. BRAESHOT, s. 1. A quantity of earth that Brae is also used in a has fallen from a Lanarks. more extensive sense, signi- steep, a extent of fying large hilly country ; as, the Braes of 2. of to and the Braes Sir J. A large sum money which one unex- Mar, of Athol," Sinclair, p. 193. " To down the to be in a becomes heir He's gae brae, metaph. declining pectedly ; gotten an state, in whatever sense to have the ; losing side, S. awfu' brae-shot" Lanarks. "For the present the Parliament is running down From S. brae and with Teut. the brae." Baillie's Lett. i. 373, 374. shot, corresponding C. B. a schot, id ejicitur. Ihre this bre, mountain, pi. breon, bryn ; Gael, bre, bri, ejectamentum, quod gives account of the term trudere. brigh, a hill. David Buchanan derives S. bray from cognate Su,-G. skiut-a, Celt, an or Notat id quod cum impetu prommpit, quod loco mo- briga, brica, bria, high place mountain ; tum et Enn skutti stein- observing that all those called Brigantes, near the Lake est, prominet. biargit yfer of montis vertex molem Constance, in Dauphine, in Spain, and in Ireland, veggen, supra lapideam pro- lived in mountainous minuit. Isl. skute, regions. Pref. Knox's Hist. Sign. rupes prominens. B. i. BRAE-SIDE, s. The declivity of a This word, one might suppose, was not unknown to BRAE-STD, the Gothic nations. S. Germ, brenner denotes the tops hill, of the mountains of Rhaetia or Wachter. lal. Tyrol ; "Ane company of fresch men cam to renew the BRA [272] BRA

battell, taking thair advantage of the lirae syd." Pitt- Quhill is undoubtedly an error of the transcriber for scottie's Cron. p. 105. rjuhilk. Brack is an E. word, defined a bitch-hound. Some BRAEIE, BRAYIE, adj. Declivitous, having assert that this, with old writers, denoted a dog in it general ; others, that was the denomination of a slopes, hilly, S. particular species. "There are in and Scotland two kinds of To v. n. 1. To England BRA, bray. else in hunting dogs, and no where the world ; the first kind is called a and this is a 2. To make a loud and noise. rache, foot-scenting disagreeable creature both of wilde-beasts, birds, and fishes also The horryble tyrant with bludy mouth sal bra. which lie hid among the rocks. The female hereof in 22. 13. Doug. Virgil, England is called a brache : a brache is a mannerly " name for all hound-bitches." Gentleman's Recreation, BRAAL, s. A fragment. There's nae a p. 28. V. Gifford's Massinger, i. 209. braal to the fore," There is not a brak Fris. Gl. fragment Alem. ; Schilter ; bracco, Lindenbrog ; Germ, id. canis forte remaining, Ang. brack, venaticus, investigator ; Wachter. Fr. braque, O. Fr. brachez, Ital. bracco, s. The refuse of L. B. bracc-us, bracc-o. BRABBLACH, any thing ; Various have been assigned to this term. such as of meat, &c. Fife. Gael, origins corn, pra- Verel. expl. Isl. rakke, canis, deriving it from racka, bal, id. frakka, cursitare. Wachter seems to think that it may be from be-riech-en, vestigia odorare. In the passage BRACE, s. 1. A chimney-piece, a mantle- quoted, the word denotes a blood-hound, otherwise called a Slewth-hund, v. V. RACHE. piece, S. q. A dreadfu' knell came on the brace, BRAG HEN, (gutt.) BRAIKIN, BRECKEN, s. The door wide open flew, And in the twinkling of an e'e, The female Fern, Pteris aquilina, Linn. The candle hover'd blue. the brackens, on the brae, Train's Poetical 101. Amang Reveries, p. Between her an' the moon, The or else an cutler 2. A made of straw and Ettr. deil, quey, chimney clay, Gat up an' gae a croon. For. V. BRESS. Burns, iii. 137. Their groves of sweet myrtle let foreign lands reckon, 3. that of a window on Window-brace, part Where bright beaming summers exhale the perfume ; Far dearer to me lone o' which the sash rests, S. yon glen green breckan, Wi' the burn stealing under the lang yellow broom. Ibid. iv. 228. BRACE-PIECE, s. The mantle-piece, S. Scotis." ' ' "Female Fern or Brakes, Anglis. Brackens, The vintner's half-mutchkin stoups glitter in empty Lightfoot, p. 657. splendour unrequired on the shelf oelow the brazen " By others the Bracken is expl. the Brake, Pteris aquil- sconce above the brace-piece. Ayrs. Legat. p. 283. ina, Linn. Brackan is commonly used for a Fern, Filix, in Lin- To BRACEL, v. n. 1. To advance hastily coins. V. Skinner. He thinks it may be so denomi- and with noise, Ettr. For. nated, because of its brittlcness, from break, v. In Smoland in Sweden, the female fern is called 2. ibid. To gallop, braeken; Flor. Suec. No. 940. in This cannot be viewed as more than provincially Sw. stotbraakin, id. In is a termination Gothic, the female as an old different from BBEES^IL, q. v. denoting gender ; carlin, woman, q. a female carl. BRACHE. Rute of brache, source of dissen- The Polypodium filix mas, and P. filix fcemina, are sion. called Lady-ferns, and sometimes Lady-brakens, S. "Bracken, fern." Ray's Collect, p. 132. "Ye see quhat abundance of luif nature lies wrocht in our heart towerdis we are movit yow, quhairby ROYAL s. The rather to admit that utheris wald BRACKENS, pi. flowering Fern, sumthing perchance Linn. esteme to be ane inconvenient, than leif ony rute of S. Osmunda Regalis, and to set aside the manner of accus- " brache, treating Flowering Fern, or Osmund Royal. Anglis. Royal tumat utheris Lett, to amangis princes." Q. Mary's Brackens. Scotis." Lightfoot, p. 653. 5 Jan. 1561. Keith's Hist. 214. Elizabeth, p. The proper designation of this, I am informed, is also Fr. breach. breche, the Pteris aquilina. It may have been designed aquilina, because the vessels, in a cross section of the s. A one em- BRACHELL, dog ; properly, root, represent a spread eagle. By country people it is ployed to discover or pursue game by the generally catted femalefern. scent. BRACK, s. A stripe of uncultivated ground About the Park thai set on breid and lenth. between two shots or of land, Roxb. ; A hundreth men chargit in armes strang, plots To a hunde that thai had thaim kepe amang ; Baulk synon. In Gillisland thar was that brachell brede, Sekyr off sent to folow thaim at flede. This is merely the Teut. word braeck, which is used Wallace, v. 25. MS. nearly in the same sense. Braeck, braeck-land, ver- incultum solum Kilian. He also Brache is used in the same sense: vactuni, novale, ; mentions braeck as signifying barren, and braeck-liggen, Bot this sloth brache, quhill sekyr was and keyne, uncultivated. This seems allied to On Wallace fute folowit so felloune fast to lie braecke, or left out Quhill in thar sicht thai prochit at the last. defectus, carentia, q. wanting cultivation, Ibid. v. 96. MS. when the rest is ploughed : and this again most pro- i: i: A [273] BRA

for what is a l>ably from braeek-en, frangere ; defect, 2. To spring, to start. but a want of continuation in any body, an interrup- The stedis stakerit in the stour, for stroking on stray a break ? tion, The bernys bowit abak, So woundir rud wes the rak. s. As saut 's i.e. as salt as 1 BRACK, brack, Thai brayd fra than blonkis besely and bane, brack used to denote what is but out suerdis and hilly. ; very salt, Syne laught lang Oawan and Ool. iii. 21, 22. confined to liquids or sorbile food, Fife, Clackmannans., also Dumfr. 3. To break out, to issue with violence. And all enragit thir wordig gan furth brade. It is equivalent to a* salt as lick, used elsewhere, S. Doug. Virgil, 112. 29. Although the adj. brackish is used in E. I have met Furth at the ilk the brade in ane route. with no proof that any 8. occurs in that language. porte wyndis Ibid. 15. 85. The old S. adj. was Brak, q. v. The s. must undoubt- edly be traced to Isl. breke, the sea. G. Audr. views Erumpere, proripere, Virg. to the lichtis with ane this a it from Now hand hand dynt swak, as poetical term ; deducing brek-a, pe- his Now bendis he burdoun with ane mynt ; tere, rogitare, because it is voracious and insatiable. up On syde he bradis for to eschew the dynt. If thus used only in a figurative sense, I would prefer Doug. Virgil, 142. 3. the origin given by Haldorson of the word in its se- occultus in fundo 4. To draw out used condary signification ; Scopulus quickly ; actively, especi- a i.e. Now the inaris, brat, crepitus, stridor, fragor. ally with respect to the unsheathing or sea itself may with equal propriety receive this desig- 01 a sword, or other of nation, from the constant dashing of its waves. brandishing weapon this kind. BRACK, s. 1. A quantity of snow or earth Fast by the collar Wallace couth him ta, from a Ettr. For. his the he bradit shooting hill, Wndyr hand knyff owt ; With out reskew he stekit him to dede. 2. A when the ice breaks in flood, consequence Wallace, L 223. MS. of ibid. a thaw, A forgyt knyff, but baid, he bnulis out. Ibid. ix. 145. MS. 3. A sudden and heavy fall of rain, ibid. Isl. braad-a, accelerare. This word, according to Allied to Isl. or Teut. bralxi, strepo, strepito ; braecke, G. Andr., is obsolete. Braad-ur, Su.-G. broad, celer. fractura. In sense 1. it resembles the common nearly Isl. breyd has not only this sense, but includes another phrase, S. the break o' a storm when the snow and ice mentioned above ; being rendered, celeriter moveo, begin to dissolve. vibro, At bregd-a sverde, gladium evaginare vel stringere. G. Andr. Gunnlaugi S. Gl. Kristnisag. BRACKS, . A disease of sheep. V. BRAXY. Analogous to this is one signification of A.-S. braed-an; BRAD, part. pa. Roasted. V. next word. exerere, stringere : He his sword rjebraed, gladium evaginavit, Somner. The Isl. poets denominate a To v. a. To roast. BRADE, battle hyrbrigdi, from hyr, a sword, and brigdi, The King to semper is set, served in halle, vibration, q. the brandishing of swords. Landnam. Under a siller of silke, dayntly dight ; p. 411. With al and wele, niewith the walle ; worshipp As our v. also signifies, to start, Isl. bra/jd, brogd, Briddes branden, and brad, in bankers bright. brt/ijd, is defined, motus quilibet celerior, vel strata- Sir Qawan and Sir Gal. ii. 1. gema luctantium ; Gl. Guuulaug. A.-S. braed-an, id. broedde, assatus ; Alem. brat-en, assare. Su.-G. braede, calor, fervor, although appli- BRADE, BRAIDE, s. A start, a spring, a quick cable to the as the heat of mind, denoting passion, motion of the body. seems to have a common origin. Bot with ane bratde to Laocon in fere To BRADE, BRAID. Thay slert attauis, and his twa sonnys yyng, First athir serpent lappit like ane ring. This i'. occurs in so remote many senses, considerably Doug. Virgil, 45. 49. also 297. 2. from each other, that cannot well be traced to they And with a braid I lurnit me about. common root. I shall therefore consider them any Dimbar, Thistle and Rose, st. 27. distinctly, unless where seem con- they necessarily Isl. versura. nected. bregd, To BRADE, BRAID, v. a. To attack, to as- To BRADE, BRAID, v.n. 1 . To move quickly, sault; Rudd. to take long steps in rapid succession. Isl. bregd-a manne nidur, sternere virum, G. Andr. As sum time dois the coursere stert and ryn, 34. That hrokin has his band furth of his stall, p. Now gois at large ouer the feildis all, s. aim to strike. Anil haldis towart the stedis in ane BRAID, Assault, rage ; He and ful he with that of the sete sprentis furth, proude walloppis ; And wourd doun me drew ; Sicklike this Tunius semys quhare he went, Syne to me with his club he maid ane braid, And as he bradis furth apoun the bent, And twenty rowtis apoun my rigging laid. The maide Camilla cuminys hym agaue, Doug. Virgil, 451. 41. Impetus, Virg. Accuuipanyit with hir oistia Volscane. It is used in a similar sense, O. E., as respecting a Dong. Virgil, 381. 24. treasonable attack : Syne down the brae Sym braid lyk thunder. If the Scottis kyng mistake in any braide Kveryreen, ii. 183. st. 7. Of treason in any ageyn Henry forsaid, Robene attour the thing, brayd bent. The barons & the in on wer alle schryuen, Robene and clergie Alakyne, Bannatynt Poems, p. 100. Unto kyng Henrie ageyn William suld be gyuen. "I I make a to do a R. 138. breyde, brayde thing sodaynly ; Brunne, p. Je mefforee. I out of Je tressaulx breyde my slepe ; Elsewhere it denotes an hostile assault in general, hors de mon somme." Palsgr. B. iii. F. 172, b. an invasion : L2 BRA [274] BRA

How the contek was laid of Scotlond that first : gan . A confused S. How eft thai ran. BRAENGEL, crowd, mad a braid, & oil Inglond " Ibid. 236. Will see how the're the side o' p. you sparkin' along " o' too. Isl. that green upwith, an' siccau a braenyel them bregd, nisus, an attempt, an exertion ; also, Saint Patrick, ii. 91. incisura, a cut, a slash. G. Andr. p. 34. Most probably from the same origin with Brangill, if not the same word used in a general sense. BRADE, adj. ; S. V. BRADE. To BKAID, v. a. To turn round. To BRAG, v. a. To reproach, to upbraid. BRADE, " boast to re- Ane Duergli braydit about, besily and bane, To and brag one, threaten or sharply Small birdls on broche, be ane brigh fyre. prove one, S. Bor." Rudd. vo. Braik. Ye need na Schir Kay ruschit to the roist, and reft fra the swane. bray me with her ; you need not upbraid me by com- Qawan and Gol. i. 7. paring my conduct to hers. This dwarf acted as turnspit. Isl. bregd-a, vertere. He left me a gun, and an old rusty sword, As pledges he faithfully would keep his word. To v.n. 1. them awa' BRADE, BRAID, BREDE, BREED, They bribed my servants, and took ; And now at his I want them to shaw To to like in coming, ; resemble, be manners ; especi- For which he may brag me, and ca' me unjust, as ally denoting that similarity which char- And tell me, I am not well worthy of trust. A. Nicol's 30. acterises the same stock or family. In this Poems, 1739, p. A thousan ships stack i' the sea, sense, it the requires prep. of. And sail they wad na more. "Ye breid of the Miller's dog, ye lick your mouth A puft o' wind ye cudna get, " or the be To cannas ; poke ope ; S. Prov. Ray. This occurs, gar your wag The Fates forbade farrer Ferguson's S. Prov. p. 35. your march, An' sair did "Ye breed of the witches, ye can do nae good to they you brag. Poems in the Buchan Dialect, p. 19. your sel." S. Prov. Brand's Popular Antiq. p. 325. Here it would seem to threaten. Su.-G. "Ye breed o' the gowk, ye have ne'er a rime but signify, " whence Ihre deduces E. ane ; Ferguson's S. Prov. p. 35. brigd-a, exprobrare ; braid, Isl. G. Andr. 34. Ihre quotes a Sw. proverb, in which the term occurs, upbraid ; bregd-a, opprobrare, p. not unlike those of our own country. In proverbio To i'. a. To to do or Braas katta Felis refert BRAG, defy ; say any dicimus, paa koen, genus suum ; Vo. Koen: "The cat proclaims its own kind." Isl. thing in defiance of others, S. A boy, bragd, lineamenta faciei, vultus ; Haldorson. climbing a tree, or the like, is said to do it uses the term : Shakespear to his Since Frenchmen are so braid, brag companions. in Marry 'em that will, I'll live and die a maid. Gae hand hand, ye'll brag high rank, All's Well, &c. A. iv. Sc. 2. Or heaps o' siller. Morison's Poems, p. 82. In Steevens's Notes, a reference is made to O. E. A.-S. as deceit also to braid, bred, fraus, denoting ; BRAGING, s. Boasting. the phrase, at a brade, at a start, or suddenly. But Thair wes Having of bemys, braying and beir. these terms, besides being used substantively, have no Oaiixm and Gol. ii. 13. relation. The sense seems much better in an earlier Edin. "Braid or breid. of a edition, 1769. Bred, BRAGGIR, s. The name given in the island breed, of a certain turn of temper and conditions from " of Lewis to the broad leaves of the the breed. A Scots and north country word, Gl. Alga A. Bor. "to breid or brade of; to be like in condi- Marina. tions;" Collect, 11. "To resemble in dis- Ray's p. " "They continue to manure the ground until the as if of the same breed Grose. position, ; tenth of June, if they have plenty of Braggir, i.e. the broad leaves growing on the top of the Alga Marina." 2. To appear, to be manifest. Martin's West. Isl. p. 54. Sum askis mair than he deservis ; Sum askis far les than he servis ; BRAGWORT, s. Mead, a beverage made Sum schames to ask, as braids of me, And all without reward he stems. from the refuse of honey, boiled up with Dunbar, Bannatyiie Poems, p. 46. st. 3. water, and sometimes with malt, Fife, Roxb., i.e. "as is evident, from conduct; and evident in my " Dumfr. such a manner, as to manifest my natural disposition. " a made from the Ray derives this word from breeding, because those "Bragwwt, mead^ beverage dregs " Gl. are bred of honey ; Sibb. that of others are for the most part like them." This is still used at the harvest-home in Dumfries- But the sense is precisely the same with that of Isl. shire. bregd-a, bregth-a, Su.-G. braa, verbs denoting the "To learn that the Scottish or mead, so resemblance of children, in dispositions, to their pro- bregwort, at a harvest is the self-same drink genitors. Bregdur barni til aettar, progenitoribus suis plentiful supper, with which the votaries of Rimmon cheered themselves, quisque fere similis est, G. Andr. p. 38. V. Ihre, vb. " well alarm a devout &c. Blackw. Braa. The latter writer views Isl. brag-ur, mos, may mind, Mag. Jan. 405. affectio, modus agendi, as the radical term. 1821, p. As bitter as is a S. " bragwort ; proverbial phrase, To BRADE, BRAID up, v. a. To braid up used to denote any thing very bitter. But whether it refers to this or not, seems doubtful, as this the head," Dunbar; to toss it as a high- extremely drink ought to be sweet. Perhaps it rather respects mettled horse does, or to carry it high. some herb. ' I wakl na langer beir on brydil, bot braid up my heid : Ray mentions 'Bragget or braket, a sort of compound Thair micht no mollat mak me moy, nor hald my mouth in. drink made with honey, spices, &c. in Cheshire, up" Dunbar, Maittand Poems, p. 5. Lancashire, &c. brag/jot, Gl. Lancash. This Minsheu A.-S. bred-an, Belg. breyd-en, to extend. derives from C. B. bragod, id. BRA [275] BRA

" ne, furnisit with thre 4c. To BRAY, v. a. 1. To press, to squeeze, single pandis, Inventories, Aberd. A. 1562, p. 160. BRAID s. in the Braid- 2. To push, to shove, ibid. YEANE, Standing a inflicted at in the This seems merely the E. v. used with a slight yeane, punishment Ayr obliquity. sixteenth century. " To be and stand in the Coun- BRAY, s. A squeeze, ibid. fynit braidyeane." cil-Book B. of Ayr. Gael, a from the neck. BRAID, s. Twist, or plaiting. braighaidain, collar, braghad It appears to have been a punishment of the same kind "Memorandum, in the quenis kist gpttin quhilk with the Jutjt. V. MOWBEIRABIS. come fra Striveling, in a litill coffre within the same. In the a belt of fyrst crammassy hernessit with gold To BRAIK, v. n. [To puke.] & braid. That ia, braided gold. Inventories, p. 8. Sche blubbirt, bokkit, and braikit still. "A.-S. bred-an, plectere, to knit, to wreath, plight," Lyndsay, S. P. R. ii. 87. (i.e. plait) ; Somner. Braid is used in the same sense in E. This seems to signify, puked or retched. V. BRAKING.

To FAW David of the word : BRAID-BAND, a phrase used of a young " Buchanan, speaking Brat/, says Hence we haply call our Brigantes Braymtn, whom woman who submits to dalliance without " any we call otherwise Highlanders or Highlandmen. Pref. opposition, Roxb. Knox's Hist. b. 1. But Buchanan is mistaken in calling them Highland- adv. A term to sow- BRAIDCAST, applied men, from whom, in Angus at least, they are always with ing the hand, as opposed to drill-sow- distinguished. The Braymen are those who dwell on the face of the hills the ing, S. immediately adjoining to Low- lands those ; called Highlanders are properly the in- habitants of the BRAIDNES, a. Breadth, S. interior parts. They are also distin- for all guished by language ; those, who are properly "First, ane litle claith of estate of claith of gold, called Braymen, speak the same dialect with the ad- rcmyet with reid, quhilk hes bot thre bredis in braid- jacent Lowlauders. It is also remarked that the for- BRA [276] BRA

in have of that mer, speaking Scottish, nothing twang Hence, probably, by which Highlanders are distinguished. Nor do Gaelic idioms occur in their which is the case " speech, always BRAIN, s. Spirit, mettle. He has a brain" have a new lan- where native Highlanders acquired he has a Loth. guage. high temper, Buchanan, in this an deri- place, gives ingenious BRAINY, 1. vation of the term Brirjand, which has generally been adj. Unmanageable, high-mettled; to derived from Fr. briguer, to quarrel, brigue, contention. applied a horse, Loth. "The Brigantes," he says, "in the continent namely, 2. to S. were so given anciently to take away goods from their Spirited, lively ; applied man, O. enemies with a strong hand, that by success of time all 1. in a those that openly did rob and plunder were called BRAYN-WOD, BRANE-WOD, adj. Mad, Brigantes ; and the French has from hence derived the state of insanity. verb to rob or Ibid. He also Brigander, plunder." He swa mankyd, as brayne-wode says, that the piece of armour called a Brigandlne, re- Kest fast with the stwmpe the blode ceived its name from the Briyantes, as being used by Iri-til Willame Walays face. them. Wyntown, viii. 13. 51. But the hypothesis of Mr. Grose, with respect to the He wanted na mare than a schowt, For til latter, is more rational. "The brigaiuliue?' he says, hawe made hyui brayne-wod owt. ' ' Ibid. 6. takes its name from the troops by which it was first 17. i.e. furious. worn, who were called brigans ; they were a kind of quite V. BRAYNE and WOD. light anned irregular foot, much addicted to plunder, whence it is the of was probable appellation brigands 2. Acting with fury, hurried on with the given to other freebooters." Milit. Antiq. ii. 250. greatest impetuosity, South of S. " s. A braw "a "Gin I can make gain the half of BRAIN, Voice, brain," strong ye length my" chanter on thae brainioude bairns on the haft and brain," a powerful voice, Ang. point. Blackw. Mag. Jan. 1821, p. 403. " To BRAIN, v. a. Not, as in E., to dash " To BRAINGE, v. n. To drive forward preci- to out the brains ; but, to hurt, to wound, to do any thing hurriedly and care- S. S. B. bruise, ; synon. Pran, Eitately, jssly, Ettr. For. " in went out The foresaid Mr. Gordon being drink, This is evidently the same with Braindge, according to a and lost much blood and combat, ; going up stairs, to the orthography of Burns. he lost his feet, and brained himself, where he died, in s. Confused Edinburgh." Walker's Peden, p. 53. BRAINGE, haste, Galloway, Ayrs. it is still more used to denote But perhaps frequently Baith wi' a brainge, the effects of a severe blow, although not mortal. Sprang, hap and sten, out o'er a nettle, An' " cry'd, Revenge. To BRAINDGE, v. n. To run rashly for- Davidson's Seasons, p. 35. S. O. ward," To BRAINYELL, v. n. To break forth, or Thou never braindg't an' fecht an' fliskit, rush up or forward, with violence, Roxb. But thy auld tail tnou wad hae whiskit, "Scho brainyeJlyt up in'ane foorye and An' spread abreed thy weel-fill'd brisket, dowlicappyd me." Wint. Ev. ii. 42. Wi' pith an pow'r. Tales, Burns, iii. 143. BRAINYELL, s. The act of rushing headlong, Shall we view this as an sense of bri?is- oblique Belg. or of and without en, to neigh ? doing anything hurriedly Ettr. For. with s. care, ; synon. Brainge, BRAYNE, BRAKE, adj. Mad, furious. Outbrik also, conjoined with it, is nearly He waxis brane in furoure bellical, So desirus of dedis marcial. synon. " Doug. Virgil, 398. 16. Furens, Virg. I took him [the dog] in aneath my plaid, for fear o' of an outbrik." of Bods- Quharfore this Turnus, half myndles and brayne, some grit brainyell Brownie Socht diuers wentis to He out throw the plane, beck, i. 141. With mony wyndis and turnis all on flocht, The v. may perhaps be traced to the Isl. term men- Now here, syne thare vnsouirly he socht. tioned under BRAYNE, BRANE, adj. This is bran-a, to Ibid. 438. 55. t<5 like a Araens, Virg. be hurried on, or rush forward goat ; or, as defined Haldorson, audacter mere. the Not, as Rudd. supposes, from brain, cerebrum : more by Among ancient a buck or was called brana. Item from A.-S. brinn-an, to burn, bren, bryne, Goths, goat probably dama G. Andr. 34. It also fervor; whence bryne-ad/, a fever; Su.-G. braanad, veteribus, dorcas, ; p. heroiiia. Su.-G. cumlabore fervor, ardor. Isl. brana has a peculiar sense, which signified virago, braang-as, perrumpere velle, has great appearance of affinity. is somewhat analogous ; Caprino more feror ; capellae, We add brang, tumultus. It is possible, however, seu ibicis more curro. G. Andr. p. 34. may that Brainyell may be merely a provincial pronunciation Brain is used in the same sense, Aberd. It is of the v. to Brangle. but has expl. "angry;" evidently greater BRAIRD, s. 1. The first sprouting of grain. emphasis, as equivalent to furious, enraged. V. BREER. Sanny soon saw the sutor slain, 2. It is transferred to animal He was his ain hawf-brither ; figuratively early " I wat right weel lie was fn' brain, That callan is a fine braird of growth ; as, And fu' could he be ither ? a Christmas Ba'ing, Skinner's Misc. Poet. \\ 126. man," Clydes. I! HA [277] BRA

Here it denote BRAIRDIE, adj. Abounding with grain in its may either the strength or the gall- ing effect of his fetters. Bent occurs in first S. O. edit., although appearance, in M.S. not Without it, the measure is imperfect. wli:ui I brairdie Tlmi, met ye on the hill, Isl. Su.-G. animi fervor. Inre is at a 1 braede, ira, Ye sta' youthfu heart ami keep it still. my loss, whether to derive this word from broad, celer, or I'icken'a Poems. 1788, p. 147. V. BRKER. from Isl. reidi, raiili, ira. " as n x. in A cognate term occurs O. E. /?ni.v>A , s. The coarsest sort of flax. " BRAIRDS, pi. or of hastynesse mynde, [Fr.] colle ; Palsgr. B. iii. V. BBEARDS.

To BRAIS, v. a. To embrace. BRAITHFUL, BREITHFUL, adj. Sharp, violent. In sum the greyf and ire dyd fast habound, Thow may to day haif gude to spend, Rasyt wyth braiihfull staugis full unsound. And hestely to morne fra it wend, Doug. Virgil, 379. 22. And leif ane uthir thy baggis to brail. Also 390. 55. V. BRAITH. Dunbar, Bannatyne Poems, p. 56. st. 3. All kynd of wraith and breithful yre now he Fr. bras, the arm, whence embrace, q. in arms. Lete slip at large but brydil wyth renye fre. Ibid. 428. 7. BRAIS, s. pi. Snares, gins. " BRAITHLIE, adj. Noisy, sounding, a voce We se, watchand the ful scliepefald, breath, et hoc ab A.-S. brathe. odor, Tlie wyld wolf ouerset wyth schouris cald, spiritus," Wyth wynd and rane, at myddis of the nicht, Rudd. About the boucht plet al of wandis ticht This went, Eolus the Jlrais and gyrnis. goddes quhare kyng In gousty cauis, the windis loud quhisling Douy. Virgil, 275. 55. And braitfUie tempestis, by his power refranys This word, which is overlooked by Rudd., is evi- In bandis hard, schet in presoun constrenys. dently allied to A.-S. braegd, figmentum, Iraeyden, Doug. Virgil, 14. 46. f raus ; subtile Luctantes ventos gebraegdas, crafts, frauds, contrivances ; tempestatesque sonoras Soinner. Isl. Su.-G. bragd, fraus ; Chaucer, brede, to Imperio premit Virg. devise to abuse or cozen Jun. al- crafty ways others, ; Doug, seems to have transposed the epithets. Loud reads drede in the referred to though Urry passage ; quhisling corresponds to sonoras, and brail/die, as would which seems preferable. Braid, adj. "an old word, appear, to luctantes. Rudd., not adverting to this which seems to signify deceitful." Johns. transposition, has rendered hrailhlie as if it gave the sense of sonoras. According to this view of the mean- s. The a fish of BRAISE, BRAZE, Roach, ; S. ing braitUie, luctantes is entirely overlooked in the " The translation. For Rudd. makes it to convey the idea Clyde abounds with a considerable variety of previously expressed by loud quhisling. But it is evi- fishes ; as the salmon, pike, trout, flounder, perch, of dently the same meaning with braithful, violent ; or braze, (Roach, Anglis) and eel." Ure's Hist. Ruther- may be viewed as literally the force of luc- glen, p. 231. expressing tanles, from Su.-G. Isl. Cyprinus Rutilus, the P. struggling, bryl-a, brott-as, Roach, Braize; Luss, the term used The Statist. Ace. xvii. 2o3. briot-a, luctare, very by Virg. same word occurs in the Houlate, ii. 14. "Salmon, pike, and eels of different kinds, frequent the Enrick and Blane but no fish in The battellis so brym bmtMy and blicht, ; greater abundance, at a Were jonit thraly in thrang, inony thowsand. certain season of the year, than the braise (roach, Eng.) Vast shoals come up from and Lochlomond, by BHAITIILY, adv. Violently, with great force. nets are caught in those sands." P. Killearn, Stirlings. Wness a word he out for Statist. Ace. xvi. 109. mycht bryng teyne ; The bailfull ters fra The name in S. bryst brailhbj hys eyne. given to this fish has great affinity Wallace, vi. 208. MS. Also, iii. 375. to the various designations given to the Bream in other Thai bend bowis of bras within. northern languages. braithly Sw. (I mean and Ovl. ii. 12. brazen, cyprinus brama, bream, Wideg. Seren. Teut. id. Kilian. braessem, cyprinus latus, Somner To i'. n. To S. B. defines A.-S. BRAK, break, baen, lupus niseis ; "a kind of fish, which To hear her tale his heart was like to brak. some take to be a pike, others a sturgeon." He thinks that it Ross's Helenore, p. 29. may perhaps be the same with Teut. baers, a perch. A.-S. brac-an, id. Isl. eg braaka, frango.

. A and kind of To v. n. BRAKE, large heavy harrow, BRAISSIL, To work hurriedly, Roxb. V. BKEESSIL. chiefly used for breaking in rough ground, S. Hence, ' ' A pair of harrows, or brake for two horses, on the To WORK BY best construction, 1795, 2 2s.; 1809, 4." Wilson's BRAISSILS, to work unequally, Renfr. p. 87. making more exertion at one time than at ib. another, To BRAK, v. n. To express great sorrow on " any account, one says, I'm like to Irak," BRAITH, adj. Violent, severe. o. B. Wallace tnke ane on the face in his teyn, This is allied to Witli his probably Isl. braek, brek, wailing. gud hand, quhill ness, mowth and eyn, Throuch the braith blaw, all owt of bind byrstyt ; To v. a. 1. To break in S. B. Butless to BRAK, general, ground he smat him quhar he stud xi. 171. MS. " Wallace, 2. To Brak Bread, to taste food, to eat. He Allace ! thi help is falsslie brocht to ground, " Thi wadna brak bread he would eat chyftaue [best] in braith bandis is bound. ; nothing. Jbi

in a 3. To Brak out, to cut out any thing BRANCHERS, s. pi. Young crows, after rough way, before reducing it to the form leaving the nest, and betaking themselves to to block Aberd. the or Teviotd. required ; out, boughs branches,

s. the Irak a s. calf of BRAK, Breaking up ; as, of BRAND, The the leg, Ettr. For. the storm; brak of a market, 8. B. V. This is merely a corr. of Brawn, id. q. v. BRACK, s. BRANDED, BRANNIT, adj. Having a a. reddish-brown if fire. BRAK, Perhaps breach, q. breaking forth. colour, as singed by Teut. braecke, ruptura. A branded cow is one that is almost entirely " Ane uther sorte startis up faithles, every yeir em- brown. with brak the faith of the starkast brayssing great The lads of Fingland, and Hellbeck-hill, N. First Tractat. Keith's Hist. were never for but for ill party." Winyett's They good, aye ; App. p. 208. 'Twixt the Staywood-bush and Langside-hill, It Isl. bull. may, however, signify noise, uproar ; brak, They stealed the broked cow and the branded i. 233. crepitus, stridor, fragor ; brak-a, crepere ; insolenter Minstrelsy Border, se gerere. V. BROOKED. Somewhat brackish. In a brannit owse hide he was buskit, BRAK, BRAKE, adj. salt, Wi' muckle horns main bedight ; The entrellis sik fer in the fludis brake, And ay wi' his lang tail he whiskit, In your reuertmce I sail flyng and swake. And drumm'd on an aid corn weight. Doug. Virgil, 135. 29. Jamieson's Popular Ball. i. 298. salaus. Belg. brack, Germ, braun, id. Ihre derives Su.-G. brtm from brinna, to because that are burnt exhibit s. A burn, objects BRAK-BACK, BRACK-BACK, designa- this colour. tion to the metaph. given harvest-moon, This term occurs also in our Acts of Parliament : from the additional labour she occasions to "Therwes robbed & away taken violently be the fornamed persons, the number of nyntie-four labour- reapers, Aberd. ing oxen, some blak, others branded, broun coloured," &c. Acts Cha. II. VII. 183. BRAKING, s. Puking, retching, S. B. 1661, But on her fuish on a someway they change ; BRANDED, part. pa. Bordered, having a That gut and ga' she keest with braking strange. Hose's Helenore, p. 56. margin. Teut. braeck-en, to vomit, braecke, nausea. This Here belt was of blunket, with birdes ful bolde, Branded with brende and bokeled ful bene. seems to be properly a secondary sense of braeck-en, t golde, Sir Gaioan and Sir Oal. ii. 3. break ; as Kilian explains braecke nausea, dissolutio is used : stmnachi. Su. -G. brak-a, metaph. denotes any fatiguing Brandur below for a border exercise. his ful His brene and basnet, burneshed bene ; With a brandur abought, al of brende golde. s.pl. The remains of a feast; BRAKKINS, i.e. "having a border about, all of finest gold." as, "Will ye cum and eat brakkins?" Aberd. Germ, braun, Isl. brun, id. limbus. A.-S. brecing, fractio. BRANDEN, part. pa. Grilled. V. BRID. dressed BRALD, part. pa. Decked, ; a term BRANDER, BRANDRETH, s. 1. A gridiron. used of a woman, who is said to be " His heire sail haue ane kettill, ane brander, ane Rycht braivlie braid. posnett," &c. Burrow Lawes, c. 125. s. 1. Maitland Poems, p. 319. Then fresher fish shall on the brander bleez, The word which seems to have is only any affinity And lend the busy browster wife a heez. Fr. brell-er, to glitter. Ramsay's Poems, i. 59. It has been suggested by an intelligent correspon- Til this Jak Bonhowme he mad a crown that this word is from Sw. to all dent, probably pral-a Of a brandreth red hate ; dress, pral-a sig, to dress one's self, prald, bedecked, Wyth that takyn he gave hym state bedizened and Of his fell ; B P being often used indiscriminately presumptyown. in all the Gothic languages. Wyntman, viii. 44. 41. S. brander. A.-S.brandred; "abrandiron," Somner. BRAMLIN, BRAMMIN, BRAMMEL-WORM, s. Dan. brandrilh; Teut. brandroede, brander, fulcrum focarium an instrument for the A species of speckled or striped worm, found ; properly, supporting wood which is put on the fire, from brand, a brand in very old dung-heaps, especially where and which a rod. (torris)" roede, simply signifies much cheese has been made on the farm, Brandrith, or brander; a trivet or other iron stand to set a vessel over the fire. North." Gl. Grose. This Roxb.; supposed to be the same with E. is called a cran, S. brandling. 2. The grated iron placed over the entrance of s. this I BRANCE, Of word can find no ex- a drain or common sewer, Roxb., Aberd. planation. To BRANDER, v. a. To broil on a gridiron, to "Johne Paterson, meason in Auchtermouchtie, S. strake throw new doores in the leater meate roume, grill, for to be a new brance on that syde of the house, to- "The Scots also say to brander, for to broil meat." wards the garden." Lament's Diary, p. 156. Sir J. Sinclair, p. 172. This is an errat. for probably trance or passage. Either from the . or from Teut. brand-en, to burn. BRA [279] BRA

While honest Jean brano in a "'But now Janet, canna ye gie us something for forward, rap, ' Green horn cutties rattling in her lap. ?' Ou ay, sir, I'll brander the moor-fowl that supper ROM'S Oelenore, First Ed. 112. John Heather-blutter brought in this morning.'" Wa- p. verley, iii. 236. . A kind of dance. It is also used as a neut. v. BRANGILL, " Than for dinner there's no muckle left on the Vpstert Troyanis, and syne Italianis, And do doubil it will brander it will brander gan brantjillis and gambettis, spule-bane ; though Dansis and rouudis trasuig mony gatis. very weel." Bride of Lammermoor, ii. 72. Doug. VirgU, 476. 1. BRANDER'D-BANNOCK, s. Agmine toto BRANDER-BANNOCK, feruntur. the Permiscent, variantiiue pedes, raptimque A thick oat-cake, baked on gridiron, Ma/ei. Am. L. 13. Aberd. FT. branele, branle, "a brawle, or daunce, wherein This is also simply called a bannock, ibid. many, men and women, holding by the hands, some- times in a ring, and otherwhiles at length, move all BRANDERIS, s.pl. [Trestles.] together." Cotgr. in the hall thre stand burdis sett on bran- "Item, In a in deris, with thair furmes with ane irne chimney." In- BRANGLANT, adj. branglant gait, a ventories, A. 1580, p. 301. brandishing manner, Ayrs. frames of wood, for the Apparently supporting Fr. brandill-er, to glisten, to flash. stand burdii or tables ; so denominated from their supposed resemblance to a gridiron. To BRANGLE, v. n. 1. To shake, to vi- brate. BRANDIE, s. An abbreviated designation The tre to the for a brandled cow, Roxb. brangillis, hoisting fall, With top trymbling, and branschis shakand all. Doug. 59. 50. BRANDNEW, BRENTNEW, a phrase equiva- Virgil, The of the lent to and S. scharp poynt brangland spere spick span, quite new, Throw out amyddis of the scheild can schere. Ibid. 334. Waea me, I hae forgot, 16. With hast of to fetch coat. coming aff, my 2. To to make a What sail I do 1 it was almaist brand new; menace, threatening appear- 'Tis bat a hellier since't came aff the clew. ance. Ross's Oelenore, p. 53. Bot principallie Mezentius all engreuit, This term is also used in E. It is some- provincial With ane grete spere, quharewith he feil mischeuit, times written brent new. Went brangland throw the feild all him allone, Als bust nous Nae cotillion brent new frae France, as the hidduous Orion. Siclike Mezentius musturis in the But hornpipes, jigs, strathspeys, and reels, feild, Put life and mettle in their heels. Wyth huge armour, baith spere, helme and scheild. 10. Burns, iii.. 332. Doug. Virgil, 347. This is certainly the same with Tout, brand nein, Brangland is explained by mustvris, q. v. This sense is which Kilian gives as synon. with vier-new, recens ab undoubtedly borrowed from the idea of one officina a follibus in- a profectum, calens ; from brand, brandishing weapon. cendium, ustio. The term has been used with originally 3. to the To shake, applied mind ; to respect to military weapons, or any iron tools, newly confound, finished. to throw into disorder used ; actively. "Thus was this usurper's [E. Baliol] faction brangled, BRANDY-CLEEK, s. The palsy in the leg then bound up again, and afterward divided again by in consequence of hard drinking, Aberd. V. want of worth in Balliol their head." Hume's Hist. 64. CLEIKS. Doug. p. "This is the of their upshot long plots ; and truly, BRANDRETH. V. BRANDER. if it [a proposal from the king] had come a little before Mr. Cheesly, when none here had great hopes of the s. border. BRANDUR, A V. BRANDED. Scots army, it might have brangled this weak people, and the strong lurking party might have been able to s. the husks of corn BRANE, Bran, ground, have begun a treaty without us, which would have Dunbar, Haiti. P. 112. V. BYK. undone all." Baillie's Lett. i. 430.

Fr. branl-er, to shake ; Arm. brancett-at, vibrare ; BRANEWOD. [Fire-wood.] Su.-G. brang-as, cum labore perrumpere velle. Quliyn thay had beirit baitit lyk bullis, a term formed And brane-wod brynt in bailis, BRANIT, part. pa. Brawned; Thay wox als mait as mulis ony from E. brawn, the fleshy or musculous part That ruangit wer with mail is. of the Chr. Kirk, st. 22. body ; Dunbar. This has still been generally rendered, brain-mad, v. a. But it seems to wood for To BRANK, 1. To bridle, to restrain. naturally signify burning, from A.-S. and We sail brank bryne iucendium, wude, wood. V. fjar you, UEIR, i). Before that time trewly. Spec. Qodly Sangs, p. 38. S. BRANG,;w<. Brought, The writer here speaks of the earnest expectation Beath boil'd an' roast auld Bessie brang of Papists to have their idolatry restored. Lord Hailes 0' fat beef gud an' mutton. says, "probably, strangle." Rev. J. NicoUs i. Poems, 143. "Those of the nobilitie & gentrie again, whose estait An' then o' the dishes the demas green, was maid up by the spoyll of the church, they feared Are ranked down' wi' between also that their estaittes iff proper space ; might be branked bischops BRA [280] BRA

Dr. wer in such authoritie and creditt." Mem. of BRANKIT, part. adj. Vain, puffed up, Aberd. Spottiswood, p. 74. The brankit lairds o' Gallowa'. " curtailed." It may perhaps signify Song. V. BRANK, v. as the 2. v. n. To raise and toss the head, spurn- BRANK-NEW, adj. Quite new, q. having the bridle to horses. new ing ; applied gloss. "Then there was the farmer's wi' the Ouer al the plauis brayis the stampand stedis, ball, tight the brank new blues and buck- Fill galyeard in thare bardis and werely wedis, lads of yeomen with Apoun thare strate born brydillis brankand fast, skins." St. Ronan, i. 56. Now trvpand here now thare. thair hede did cast. Qu. if an errat. for Brand-new ? Doug. Virgil, 385. 35. '' Pressis pugnat habenis, Virg. BRANKS, s. pi. 1. Brankis," says Lord Rudd. renders quoting " this, "prancing, capering," Hailes, are the collars of work-horses ;" this But the last words of the quota- very passage. 293. But this term tion, thair hede did cast, justify the sense given above. Bannatyne Poems, denotes a sort of often used Hay, as ane brydlit cat I brank. properly bridle, S. P. R. iii. 43. of by country people in riding. Instead Rendered strut, Gl. leather, it has on each side a piece of wood to to which a bit is sometimes 3. To bridle up one's self. joined a halter, added; but more a kind of wooden It is said of women, when they wish to appear to frequently noose a muzzle. advantage : resembling lift thair abone thair schank, " Thay goun The Argathelian faction had indeed gathered ane cat thai brank. Syne lyk brydlit in the west a few weavers, " Gl. together herds, ploughmen, Maitland Poems, p. 186. Prance," cobblers, and such canaille, a parcel of unarmed and and maid hir Scho brankit fast, bony, fellows these set on horses that had cowardly ; they And said, Jok, come ye for to wow ? years before been doom'd to the drudging of the Bannatyne Poems, p. 158. many cart and plough, with sods instead of saddles, branks " she bridled and i.e. as soon as she saw him, up, put and halters instead of bridles." Montrose's Mem. P. on her best face." Lord Hailes here the follow- gives ii. c. 3. 156. ' ' dressed p. ing explanation : She tript away hastily, and Some ask'd his horses price and age : herself out to the best advantage." N. p. 293. " Some, why no spurs, his sides to claw, A. Bor. bricken is and allied. To synon., probably And for boots, several ropes of straw : Irickfn to bridle or hold the head. North. ; up, up Why sodds for sadle, and branks for bridle, Gl. Grose." And plaids for scarff about his middle ! Colvil's Mock Poem, ii. 16. 4. To prance, to caper. Anciently this seems to have been the common word This her brankan wooer taks his day horse, for a bridle, S. B. Within these few years, an iron To strut a at Edinburgh cross. gentle spark bit was preserved in the steeple of Forfar, formerly Jtamsay's Poems, ii. 177. used, in that very place, for torturing the unhappy I have not marked any passage, where the word creatures who were accused of witchcraft. It was seems properly to include the idea of dressing gaily. called The WUch's Branks. both ostentare Teut. brank-en and pronck-en, signify, Gael, brancas is mentioned by Shaw, as signifying dare se Germ id. ; Su.-G. bridle. se, spectandum ; prang-en, a halter : brans is also said to denote a kind of Waehter as also prunk-a, superbire. gives prang-en, But our word seems originally the same with Teut. coarctare. he the signifying, premere, Hence, says, pranghe, which is denned so as to exhibit an exact is called from pillory vulgarly pranger, Belg. pranijhe, description of our branks; b and p being often inter- the or collar in which the neck of the who yoke culprit, changed, and in Germ, used indifferently in many is to is held. The exposed public shame, comparison instances. Pranyhe, muyl-pranghe, postomis, pastomis, of these different senses of the Germ, verb, im- especially confibula : instrumentum quod uaribus equorum as illustrated by the signification of the ., suggests Kilian. ponitur ; that, as the primary sense of our v. is to bridle, this has also been the case as to the Germ. This will be 2. An instrument of ecclesiastical punishment further illustrated from the use of BRANKS. Hence, for female scolds, or those adjudged guilty of at the doors of churches, BRANKEN, part. pa. Gay, lively, S. A. defamation, placed Aberd. It is of iron, and surrounds the The moon shot out her horns o' light, is Clear thro' an openin cloud : head, while a large triangular piece put A bmnken lass, fu' clean an' braw, into the mouth. To hail its infant shinin, Gacd scowrin to the birken-shaw, "When the woman, after he was bishop, stood up For she wi' love was dwinin once and again before the people, and confronted him Fu' sair that night. with this, he ordered her tongue to be pulled out with Rev. J. Nicol'a Poems, i. 31. when not caused her to be pincers ; and, obeyed, put with in the branks, and afterwards banished with her hus- BRANKIE, adj. Gaudy; corresponding band over the water." Howie's Judgements on Per- Fife. of E. pranked up ; Peebles, secutors, p. 30. Biographia Scoticana. V. etymon Whare hae ye been sae braw, lad ? the v. refers to the Whare hae ye been sae brankie, ? It appears that the following passage Jacobite Relics, i. 32. V. BRANK, v. same fact : "He decerned her head to be in the Branks, a show put BRANKIN, part. adj. Making great which had a bit that was put in her mouth, which so she could not and there- Fife. Synon. with Brankie. bound her tongue that speak ; BRA [281] BRA

with to stand at the in the of all the Tron, sight BRASERIS, t. Life of BBASARIS, pi. Vambraces, people." Archbishop Sharp. armour for the arms. 1 ne term is also used in the North of E. as denot- ing an instrument formerly used for punishing scolds. Quhen this was said he has but mare abade The nearly corresponds with that of Tua kempis burdonns brocht, and before tbaim laid. descriptionf given The Witch s Bran k*. With al thare harnes and braseris by and by. 141. "The Scold wore an iron engine, called the brants, Doug. Virgil, 1. in the of it Pullane he braissit on fall form a crown ; covered the head, but left greis fast, the face A closs byrny, with sekyr clasp, exposed ; and having a tongue of iron which mony went into the mouth, constrained silence from the most Breyst plait, brasaris, that worthi was in wer. Wallace, viii. 1202. MS. violent brawler." Hutchinson's Northumb. ii. 415. In Edit. "A pair of branks is stiH preserved in the town 1648, braisses. Fr. brassar, brassard, id. ; brachiale Diet. from court of Newcastle." Brand's Newc. ii. 192. N. He brassart, ferreum, Trev. ; bras, the Lat. brach-ium. were also called has given a plate of this instrument, ibid. p. 47, N. 2. arm, They in Fr. garde bras and avant bras. E. vambract, as s. Grose is a corr. of the latter. covered BRANKS, pi. A swelling in the chops, S. observes, They the arms from the elbow to the wrist the armour of A. ; the upper part being called the pouldron. Milit. This disease seems to receive its name from its com- Antiq. ii. 652. pressing the parts, as the chops of a horse are com- pressed by the branks which he wears. To BRASH, BBASCHE, v. a. 1. To assault, This appears to be the same disease called the buffets, to attack. S. B. Looke on thy Lord, who all his dayes was dead s. The to To who with BRANLIE, name given the Sam- earthly pleasures ; grieves acquented A man of sorrows in some of liv'd, heere unlamented, let, parts Fife ; elsewhere called Whose breast did beare, brash' t with displeasure's dart, the Par. A bruised spirit and a broken heart. ilore's True 194, 195. Evidently the same with the Yorks. name Branlin. " Crucifixe, p. V. PAR. It was spocken that they suld have bras/tit the This wall whair thair batter was made. Bot the designation must undoubtedly be traced to Isl. pieces within the town stellit in St. Geilis kirk and branda, trutta minima, whence brand-toed, fcetnra yard, truttarum. Branlin and branlie are vpon the kirk of field condempnit the ordinance with- merely diminutives " from which out, so that they caused thame retire thair ordinance. brand, name may have been suggested by the 274. dark-coloured marks on the sides of thisfish, or as Bannatyne's Journal, p. resembling these burnt in a 6rarf-iron. Thus Isl. 2. It seems to by be occasionally used as equi- brand-krossollr is decussatim expl. Virgulis variegatus, to " atro colore vel carboue valent the to make a decussatim cinctus ; Haldor- military phrase, son. breach in."

"Bot the bordereris deceaved him, and caused . The Samlet, or small fish BRANNOCK, his captanes to deceave him, quhilkis war all " hanged generally known in S. by the name of Par. when he had brasc/ied and wone the hous. Pitscottie's Cron. p. 309. Ed. This is called Branlin, Yorks. V. Brushed, 1728, p. 131. Ray's Fr. breche, a breach. Lett. p. 198. All the difference is in the 3. To bruise and break the bones often termination both and ; used ; ling ock being used as diminutives. by angry persons in threatening children, Dumfr. BRASAND, part. pr. Germ, brass-en to vex and Embracing. signifies, ; Teut. broeten, Heccuba thidder with her childer for beild tempestuosum et furentem ventum spirare, Kiliau. It Ran all in vane and about the altare swarmes, may, however, be contr. from A.-S. beraesan, Brcuiand impetu- the god-like ymage in thare arnies. ose proruere, irruere. V. BRESCHE and BKKKSSII.. Doug. Virgil, 66. 22. FT. bras, the arm. BRASH, BRASCHE, . An effort, an attack, an assault as E. brush is To ; used. ERASE, BRASS, v. a. To bind, to tie. " The last brashe (effort) was made by a letter of the A roussat of Mr awn scho him goun gaif prime poet of our whereof this is the his kingdome, just Apon weyd, at couryt all the layff; copy." Muses Thren. Intr. p. viii. A soudly courche our bed and nek leit fall Perhaps it was originally used to denote an assault A wowyn quhyt hatt scho brassit on with all made on a defenced place. Wallace, i. 242. MS. Thoise at the bak wall wes the brasch* Syne this ilk prince into his legacy thay gaue, For lake of lederis thair wrocht in vane. This girdill left to younger Remulus, thay Edinb. Poems 16th Cent. His tender neuo, that is here slaue thus. Sege Castel, p. 292. Eurill said has this ionell It is the same word which is (as is) hint, written BRESCHE, v. ' ' " q. About his it brash sydis brasin, or he stynt. A of wooing is the title of a poem by Clerk Doug. Virgil, 289. 12. Everg. ii. 18. Hence, perhaps, eik Syke giftis he bad bring with him syne, and Hynt deliuerit from the Troiane rewyne BRASHY, BRAUSHIE, adj. Stormy, S. Aue ryche garment brasit with rich gold wyre Whan 'twas denied me to be great, Ibid. 33. Heav'n 31. bade the Muse upon me wait, In this it To smooth the brows o' fate place properly signifies, bound on the mar- ruggit ; gin, welted. An" now thegither Fr. We've brush'd the thro' monie a embrans-er, to bind. Here, as in many other bent, speat the 0' braushie weather. ustances, prep, prefixed is thrown away. 7Zet>. J. NicoVs Poems, i. 114. M 2 BRA [282] BRA

s. short turn of work often A highly respected friend suggests, that, in his opin- BRASH, A ; ap- the term a coarse I to a brash-" ion, primarily signifies apron. plied churning; as, ''Come, gie's however as I find that Gael, like A.-S. " hesitate, ; brat, sair brash it afore the Mony a cost them, bratt, signifies "a cloke, mantle, veil, or covering;" Shaw. butter cam ;" Loth. "He ordinarily uses this phrase as a proverb, that Brush is used in E. in a sense familiarly nearly he desires no more in the world, but a bit and a brat ; similar. " that is, only as much food and raiment as nature craves. Scotch Presb. Eloq. p. 36. s. ' BRASH, A transient attack of sickness ; " ' It is a world that will not give us a bit and a brat. a of whatever kind S. " bodily indisposition ; S. Prov. Kelly, p. 205. He thus expl. it : If a man be and he can miss food and Quhither, synon. S. B. honest industrious, hardly raiment." It would seem that the Prov. is printed "A brash, a slight fit of sickness." Sir J. Sinclair, erroneously. According to the explanation, it should p. 113. be, "It is a, poor world," or "an ill world," &c. Wae worth that brandy, nasty trash I Fell source o' mony a pain and brash/ 2. A coarse kind of apron for keeping the Twins monie a poor, doylt, drunken hash, clothes clean, S. a coarse a 0' half his days. "Brat, apron, iii. 16. Lincolns." Gl. Grose id. Lancashs. Burns, rag ; ; The ladye's gane to her chamber,

And a moanfu' woman was she ; S. A.-S. 3. Coarse clothing, ; dudds, synon. As she had ta'en a sudden gin brash, bratt both and And were abont to die. signifies pallium panniculus ; Minstrelsy Border, ii. 10. ''a cloak, a rag;" Somner. C. B. brathay, This word is used to denote the very commonly rags. more slight ailments of children. The disorder, to which are often after weaned, is 4. A or S. B. they subject being " bib, pinafore, called the speaning-brash. We also speak of a brash 5. S. It does not of the teeth," as denoting their occasional illness, when Scum, necessarily signify The term is likewise used more to refuse is also to the cream teething. generally ; but applied the nature of which is not signify any slight ailment, which rises from of what is into % milk, especially understood ; or which does not appear to form any called a or the *s of boiled regular disease. In this case it is vulgarly said, "It sour cogue, floating is just some brash." whey. Brash signifies a fit, Northumb. V. Gl. Grose. It seems doubtful, whether this should be viewed as 6. The clotted cover of porridge or of flum- a different sense of the s. as above, or merely explained mery, S. as radically different. We find several terms in other Isl. "Brat, a cover or scurf." Statist. Ace. xv. 8. N. languages, which seem to claim some affinity ; This seems to be an sense of the same breisk, breisk-ur, infirm, breiskleike, weakness, G. Andr. merely oblique Ir. word, as used to denote an which covers the rest Teut. broosch, fragilis, debilis ; Arm. break, bresij, apron of one's clothes. brisk, delicate, tender. Hence, C. B. brat; "a clout, piece, or rag ;" Owen. BRASHY, adj. Delicate in constitution, subject BRATCHART, s. Expl. Silly stripling ;" to frequent ailments, S. and traced to Teut. broedsel, pullus; or s. A of a BRASHLOCH, crop consisting viewed "q. vretchet, little wretch ;" Gl. Sibb. mixture of oats and or of and rye, barley That bratchart in a busse was born ; Meslin. They fand a monster on the morn, rye, Galloway ; synon. Mashlin, War faced than a cat. of winter the farmers often sow in "In place rye, Monlgomerie, Watson's Coll. iii. 12. spring a mixture of rye and oats, provincially termed The term undoubtedly is equivalent to whelp ; from brasMoch." Agr. Surv. Gall. p. 123. Fr. a kind of small hound ; or immediately Teut. bratchet, braes-en, miscere, commiscere, bras, mixtio, formed from Brach. V. BRACHELL. commixtio. Hence, This is also pron. bratchet, and expl., BRASH-BREAD, s. Bread made of such a mix- 1. A little mischievous boy or girl, Teviotd. ture, ibid. "Bratchet, an untoward child, North." Grose. s. ancient Frith of BRASSY, The Wrasse, viewed as a 2. A Ettr. For. ; and Forth. silly person, dimin. from Brat. "Labrus Tinea. Ancient Wrasse or Old Wife; as " has seven wooers Neill's List of 13. V. BBESSIE. 3. A true lover ; She Brassy." Fishes, p. " and a bratchet ; ibid. BRASSIN, adj. Brazen. Aberd. Reg. In this sense it seems to refer to the fidelity of a dog A.-S. braesen, aereus, aeneus. who constantly follows its master. To v. n. To burst. BRAST, BRATCHEL, s. The husks of flax set on Mycht nane behald his face, fire, of S. The fyrie sparkis bra&ting from his ene. Highl. Doug. Virgil, 399. 44. "Norman suddenly remembered a heap of husks he collected the Brast is used in the same sense by E. Glouo. which carefully during preceding week, while the young women were skntching their s. 1. in The bit BRAT, Clothing general. flax. The heap was soon formed, and Norman car- and the brat, S. Food and raiment. ried the brand, and set fire to the Bratchel." BRA [283] I! II A

"She could not help expressing her unfeigned pity 2. Hurry, rapid motion of any kind, S. for the what are called flax-mills Lowlanders, whom, Bauld Bess flew till him wi' a brattle, from all the social and fulling-mills, precluded delights And spite of his teeth held him the blaze of a and of heating and skutching, liratcM, Close by the craig. Ramsay's Poems, L 261. of Clan- above all, the superlative joys a waulking." 3. short S. Albin, i. 75, 77. A race, from Tout, to Apparently q. bracksel, braeck-en, The sma' droop-rompl'l, hunter cattle, used for scutcn flax. S. break, brack, the instrument Might aiblins waur't thee for a brattle ; 1 this purpose. But sax Scotch miles thou try ! then- mettle, An' gar"t them whaizle. round Burns, iii. 143. To BRATH, v. a. To plait straw-ropes them at S. B. a stack, crossing intervals, 4. Fury, violent attack, S. to weave Isl. A.-S. braed-an, together; brcgd-a, List'ning, the doors an' winnocks rattle ; nectere fila in funem, per obliquos nexua, et complexus ; I thought me on the ourie cattle,

i : Or wha bide this brattle . Andr. p. 33, 34. Alem. broihen, contexere. silly sheep, war. Hence, 0' whiter Burns, iii. 150.

. The cross of the roof HUATHINS, pi. ropes Handsome handsom- also called BRAVE, adj. ; bravest, of a thatched house, or stack ; est, now pron. brawest, S. etherins, Ang. " A son was born to him called Absalom, who was Isl. bragd, nexus. the bravest man perhaps in the world ; he was a man from the crown his V. BBAITHLIE. of the greatest perfection of head BRATHLY, adj. Noisy. unto the sole of foot." Dickson's 109. Jlis Sermons, p. Society Contending^. V. BRAW. To BRATTYL, BRATTLE, v. n. 1. To make . A a a or noise, S. BRAVERY, bravado, gasconade. clashing clattering " In which time one Tait, a follower of who Branchis brattlyng, and blaiknyt shew the brayis, Cesford, as then was of the Lords came forth in a With hirstis harsk of waggand wyndil strayis. party, bravery, if Doug. Virgil, 202. 28. and called to the opposite horsemen, asking any of had to break a lance for his Mistress them courage ; 2. To advance rapidly, making a noise with the he was answered by one Johnston servant to the Master of Glammis, and his challenge accepted." Spotswood, feet, S. p. 287. Daft when we're what'H lassie, naked, ye sav, Fr. braverie, id. from braver, to brave, to play the Giff our twa herds come brattling down the brae, gallant. And see us sae ! Ramsay's Poems, ii. 75. BRAVERIE, s. 1. Shew, appearance of 3. To run tumultuously, S. splendour, S. A brattlin band unhappily '"Did not I say that the braw bridal would be Drave by him wi' a Dinner, followed by as braw a funeral?' 'I think,' answered And he. heels-o'er-goudie coupit Dame Winnie, 'there's little bravery at it, neither Christmas Skinner's Misc. Poet. 127. Ba'ing, p. meat nor drink, and just a wheen silver tippences to the poor folk." Bride of Lammermoor, iii. 113. 4. To make a confused and harsh noise, Dumfr. 2. Fine clothes, showy dress, S. But, a' this while, wi' mony a dunner, Fr. braverie, "gorgepusnesse, or costliness in ap- Auld guns were brattling aff like thunner. Cotgr. This is also O. E., being used by Siller parell;" Mayne's Gun, p. 45. Spenser. Not, as Rudd. conjectures, formed from the sound ; 3. to fine or ornate but derived perhaps from Isl. briot-a, bryt-a, which Metaph. applied diction, hue sometimes signifies, exagitare, illucque movere, ut language. luctantes vo. or Teut. tu- " ; Ihre, Brottas; bortel-en, In the present cause, we must not be pleased or multuari ; fluctuare, agitare. put off with the buskry or bravery of language." Isl. be viewed as a In-Hit, citu, celenter, may cognate "Clothed and adorned with the busk and bravery of term. beautiful and big words." M'Ward's Contendings, p. 324. 356. BRATTYL, BRATTLE, . 1 . A clattering noise, as that the feet of made by horses, when BRAVITY, . Used as denoting courage, prancing, or moving rapidly, S. It is thus bravery. Rudd. " in thir expl. by Let us put on courage sad times ; brave times for the chosen soldiers of Jesus Christ to shew Now by the time that they a piece had ta'en, All in a brattle to the are their into brave for gate gane ; courage ; offering opportunities And soon are out of the auld noorise' sight, shewing forth the bravity of spirit in suffering." Ja. To dress her milk hersell wha shortly dight. Welwood's Letter, Walker's Remark. Pass. p. 23. Ross's 96. Helenore, p. Perhaps from O. Fr. braveU ; C'est dit pour avoir thinks it "For, I, an' the horse tak a brattle now, they de beaux habits ; Roquefort. He derives from L. B. may come to lay up my mittens, an' ding me yavil an' bravi-um, as would seem in the sense of praestantia, as styth as I had been elf-shot." Journal from London, excellentia. p. 4. Thou BRAUITIE, 8. 1. A show, a pageant. need na start awa sae hasty, Wi' bickering brattle. AH curious pastimes and consaits Burns, iii. 146. Cud be imagiuat be man, BRA [284] BRA

\Ves to be sene on Edinburgh gaits, "He said that Callum Beg, and your honour, were Fra time that brauilie began. killed that same night in the tuilzie, and mony mae Watson's Coll. ii. 5. Burel's Entry Q. Anne, bra' men." Waverley, iii. 218. V. PRETTY, sense 4. 2. in dress, S. Finery 7. Often used intensively, sometimes as a super- she beheld ane Syne heuinly siclit, when the to cauld lative, joined by copula another Of Nymphs who supit nectar ; scarce be taukl. Whois brauities can word, whether adj. or adv. ; as, braw and Ibid. p. 7. able, abundantly able for any work or un- FT. en habita Diet. Trev. V. braverie, depense ; braw and in health BRAW. dertaking ; weel, good ; braw and soon, in full time, &c. &c. BRAUL, BRAWL, s. [A kind of dance.] neist when noon comes to behold ther Bydby, day, on, appears, "It vas ane celest recreation lycht And he his Lindy, what could, cheers ; bakuart & dan- courage lopene, galmouding, stendling forduart, Look'd braw and canty whan she came in by, sand base braulia dansis, pauuans, galyardis, turdions, And says, Twice welcome, Bydby, here the day. vthir and branglis, buffons, vitht mony lycht dansis, Ross's Helenore, p. 52. the quhilk ar ouer prolixt to be rehersit." Compl. S. Here it is equivalent to "very cheerful." It ia p. 102. atronger than gey, gay. For, gay and canty signifies blaw ane brawl of France " Menstrel, up ; no more than "moderately," or indifferently cheer- Let se hobbils best. quha ful." Lyndsay, S. P. Repr. ii. 201. Su.-G. braf, bonns, praestans. En braf man, the In Gl. it is that this is the Compl. justly observed, very phrase atUl used by the vulgar in S. Germ, brav, Bame as contr. brangle (Fr. bransle, branle), id. Isl. brali, braf, fortis, Verel. Wachter viewa Lat. as probus the Ihre a hero ; s. Such a degree of irritation origin. prefers brage, BRAVOORA, observing that one distinguished by wisdom, elo- or in man or as to assume the any fury, beast, quence, or ingenuity, was by the Goths called Brag- appearance of madness. It is said of a brute madur; from brag, and madr, man. Gael, brcarjh, handsome. when " He's in his bra- signifies fine, sightly, pretty, animal, ferocious, Su.-G. braf and bra are also used in the sense of vooras," Ayrs. valde. Braflange, valde diu. " Braw is often used aa with Thae critics get up wi' sic youfat bravoorag as adverbially, conjoined the : braw and able for wud gar ane that's no frequant wi' them trow they copulative able, abundantly work or braw and in ettlit to mak a bokeek o' "im." Edin. Mag. Apr. 1821, any undertaking ; weel, good health. p. 351. Hence, Merely the Spanish word Bravura applied as expl. adv. sometimes braw- by Cormon, Ferocite d'un animal. BRAWLY, Very well, S.

lins, ; browlins, Aberd. V. v. Ang. browlies, BRAUSHIE, adj. Stormy. BRASH, " Bat for a' that we came browlies o' the rod, till we BRAW, BRA', adj. 1. Fine, gaily dressed, S. came within a mile of Godlamin." Journal from Lon- don, p. 3. Braw gaes ilk Borrows blade, an' weel ye ken, This to Sw. Han maer He is 'Tis wi' the profits ta'en frae ither men. corresponds braf, well Morison's Poems, p. 183, 184. ; Wideg. Teut. bellus Fr. id. These brauwe, ornatus, ; brave, adv. Kinross. BRAWLINS, Bravely, quite well, ; terms are perhaps radically allied to Isl. braer, nitet, formed like &c. Braw- splendet, G. Andr. Backlins, Sideline, lies, id. Ang. 2. Handsome, S. Young Robie was the bra-west lad, BRAWEN, part. pa. [Browen ?] a" The flower and pride of the glen ; For fault of cattle, corn and gerse, And he had owsen, sheep, and kye, Your banquets of most nobility And wanton nine or ten. naigies Dear of the dog bra-wen in the Merse. Burns, iv. 80. Pol-wart's Flyting, Watson's Coll. iii. 9. 10. 3. S. Pleasant, agreeable, thia Can signify boiled? A.-S. browen, coctus ; or O Peggy, dinna say me na : pern, brewed, referring to some popular story. V. But grant to me the treasure DEAR. love's return 'tis Of ; unka bra', When ilka To v. n. run into confusion thing yields pleasure. BRAWL, To ; A. Nicol's Poems, 1739. p. 27. part. pr. brawland. 4. S. Worthy, excellent, A braw man, a The Erie with that, that fechtand was, S. Quhen he hys fayis saw brawland sua, worthy man ; In hy apon thaim gan he ga. Harbour, xii. 132. MS. 5. Very good, surpassing in whatever respect, S. " Mr. Christopher Parkinson, the recorder of Bar- This word is immediately formed from Fr. brouill-er, to to vick, ane man grave and reverend, maid ane braw to embroil, confound, put into disorder ; derived, speech to hia majestie, acknowledging him thair sole by Menage, from Ital. brogl-iare, which, he says, ia and soveraiue lord," &c. Pitscottie's Cron, p. 584. from broglio, a wood. But it may be traced to Su.-G. Brave, Edit. 1728. bryll-a, perturbare, a frequentative from bryd-a, id. Arm. brell-a has the aame sense. 6. Stout, able-bodied, fit for warfare, S. In it is often in v. this sense used reference to To BRAWL, n. To gallop, Moray. V. soldiers, as synon. with S. pretty. BREEL, v. i: i: A [285] BRA

s. Fine clothes, one's best ap- BUAW-WAULD, adj. Showy, gaudy. BRAWS, pi. " S. said Crawford but if I parel ; "True, true, my lord," ; were at the head of threescore and ten of my brave A" her braws were out of order now. fellows, instead of being loaded with more than the like Her hair in tails hung down upon her brow. number of years, I would try whether I would have Ross's Helenure, p. 28. reason out of these fine with their some gallants, gol- "But the moralist may speculate on this female in- den chains and bonnets, with braw-warld far as lass has cash or looped-up firmity aa he chooses ; as the and devices on them." iii. 106. dyes Q. Durward, credit, to procure brains, she will, step by step, follow hard after what she deems grand and fine in her bet- BRAWLINS, s. pi The trailing Straw-berry ters." P. Glenorchay, Argyles. Statist. Ace. viii. 350. This is from the sense 1. It deserves tree, or Bear-berry, .S. B. Arbutus uva- evidently utlj. notice, that, analogous to this, the Teut. adj. brauwe, ursi, Linn. The name is sometimes applied signifying, decked, is also used as a s. denoting the to the of the vitis or fruit Vaccinium Idaea, furred border of a garment, this being chiefly an orna- mental of dress. red bill-berry. part Gael, denotes a It braoilag, whortle-berry. may s. 1. A disease to the BRAXY, BRAXES, BRACKS, have been transferred straw-berry ; as braoilag- in S. nan-con, signifies bear-berries ; Shaw. sheep, The name breigh'lac however is perhaps exclusively The term braxit is also used. given to the whortle-berry. "On the accidents and disorders to which sheep " There also taste the delicious of they may juice are liable, and particularly to those destructive dis- the vaccinium vitis or idaea, (the whortle-berry, High- eases, called in different parts of Scotland, by the land P. Perths. Statist. Ace. " breigh'lac)." Clunie, name of braxy, or braxit, or the sickness, &c. Prize ix. 237. Ess. Highl. Soc. Scot. iii. 340. Braxit seem to be corr. from A. -S. braecseoc, mix- might BR A.WLIT, part. pa. Perhaps marbled, one subject to epilepsy, as if it had been primarily ap- ed from the same v. Fr. to plied to the Staggers. ; ; brouill-er, " To two diseases, of a very serious nature, the jumble. flocks here are still exposed. The one a fever, to Bot ye your wyfe and bairns can tak na rest, which the hogs or sheep of the first year are so liable Without counterfeit the ye worthyest, in 'winter, and especially in variable weather, with brawlit Buft hois, coit, dowblet, sark anil scho ; intermitting frosts, that the farmer reckons himself Your wyfe and bairns conform mon be thairto. fortunate, if he lose only three of each score in his L, Scotland's Lament. Fol. 7. a. hirsle. This disease, (the braxy, as some call it), has been and is found to arise from the withered s. calf of the examined, BRAUN, The leg ; BRAWN, grass on which the animal then feeds, and the want Gl. Surv. Nairn. This sense is common in either of liquid, or muscular motion in the stomach to dissolve it. The is, that the and un- S. ; and differs from that in which the term consequence dry coucocted food enters the intestines in an is used in as '' the or impervious E., denoting fleshy state the obstructions excite an a fever " ; inflammation, musculous parts of the body in general. and mortification, of which the animal dies." P. Sel- Statist. ii. 440. Yit, thocht thy braunis be lyk twa barrow trammis kirk, Ace. " here called Defend the, man Many are cut off by a disease which is Lyndsay's Works, Chalm. Ed. ii. 193. the Braxes." P. Lethnot, Forfars. Statist. Ace. iv. 8. " This is also called braik and Herd gives a different orthography. Brand*," he bracks, Ang. " " ' ' calves of is Another malady preys on the sheep here. Among says, the legs ; Gl. This the pronunci- ation of Teviotd. the shepherds it is called the Bracks." P. Barrie, Forfars. Statist. Ace. iv. 242. Teut. brauwe, sura, seems the radical word. A.-S. breac, rheuma ; broc, sickness, disease, a s. male swine with E. malady, Somner. Su.-G. brak, id. Ir. bracha, corrup- BRAWN, A ; synon. tion. All these terms seem to be allied. boar; Roxb. '' a Cumb." Brawn, boar, What confirms this etymon is, that it seems to be the Grose. same disease which is also denominated the sickness. "Of what is called the sickness is As our forefathers called the boar bare, and the vul- these, generally the most common and the most fatal. It is an inflam- gar in modern times denominate the bear boar ; one mation in the bowels, on by the full habit of might almost suppose that the term brawn, as thus applied brought the animal, sudden heats and colds, by eating wet had been borrowed by a slight transposition from the by and frosted or on wet P. Danes. For Isl. biam and beorn, Su.-G. and Dan. grass, by lying ground. Statist. Ace. xii. 4. bioem, denote a bear. Peebles,

s. or 2. which has died of disease BRAWNY, BRAUNY, A cow, ox, bull, A sheep ; also, that has its skin variegated with black and mutton of this description, S. brown streaks also id. While hate tolls an' taxes, ; brawnit, Galloway. highlandmen While moorlan' herds like fat braxies, He views the wi' liimsel guid warsle, laughing Count on a friend in faith and At auld and shake his practice, seeing Brawny glowr, nools. In Robert Burns. Davidson's Seasons, 45. p. Burns, iii. 253. Now brawny aft wad leave the craft, An wander hersel", by BRAXY, adj. Of or belonging to sheep that Cropping the blade upo' the stream, have died of To where she lov'd sae well. Ibid. p. 49. disease, S. Germ, braun, brown. Braun in compounds denotes "The consequences of the consultation were not of a blackish colour ; Wachter. Braun-rot, rubrum the choicest description, consisting of braxy mutton, nigricaus. V. BRANDED, BBANNIT. raw potatoes, wet bannocks," &c. Marriage, ii. 86. BRA [28C] ERE

" Defined, in a note, Sheep that have died a natural The brend-meal is sold at five shillings a stone, An* death, and been salted." But, although the term may the oat-meal at six an' some more. A. Scott's 103. be applied to mutton of this description that has been Poems, p. it is dressed im- In the term denotes of hung, more usually denotes what Clydes. meal made barley ; mediately after being brought home. from its being, as would seem, much used for bread. It is said, perhaps partly as a jest, that in the dis- V. WHITE-MEAL. tricts where braxy is eaten, the rule of judging whe- ther the sheep found dead is fit to be used as food, is BREAD-MORNING, s. A of bread " piece given to whether it will stand three shakes." try to the ploughman when he goes to his la- DRY BRAXIE, a disease of sheep, S. A. bour in the morning, Roxb. "Inflammation of the bowels [of sheep,] commonly called dry braxy." Agr. Surv. Peeb. p. 393. BREAD-SPAAD, s. A sort of spattle, made of somewhat in the of a used DUMB BRAXY, the dysentery in sheep. iron, shape spade, " for or otherwise The dumb braxy, is distinguished from sickness, turning, moving, bread on the season of the in which it and by year appears, by the girdle, Aberd. dysentery in its common form of a bloody flux." Ess. Soc. iii. 416. Highl. BREADLINGIS, adv. [Broadwise.] WATERY S. A. BRAXY, "He escaped their furie, and straik ane of them ' ' Watery braxy consists in the bladder being over- breadlingis with his sword to the eird, wha cryed that distended with urine, which raises violent inflamma- he wald be tane." Bannatyne's Journ. p. 173. the tion in that organ, and produces an incapacity to dis- That is, with broad or flat side of his two-handed charge the urine that is accumulated." Agr. Surv. sword. V. BRAID. Peeb. p. 399. BREAD SWORD, a broad sword, S. s. pi. Armour for the arms. BRAZARS, "That the horsemen be airmed with pistollis, bread V. BKASERIS. swordis and steill capes." Acts Cha. I. Ed. 1814, vi. 43. BRAZE, s. A. roach. V. BRAISE. BREADWINNER, s. 1. One who by in- To BRE. K. Hart, i. 24. V. BIGGIT. dustry wins bread for others, S. ' ' BRE, BREE, s. The eye-brow, S. B. We were saddled with his family, which was the first taste and of what war is when it comes Hir ene afflxit aponn the ground held sche, preeing into our and the breadwinners." Ann. Mouing na mare Mr enrage, face nor bre, hearths, among Than sche had bene ane statewe of marbyl stane. of the Par. p. 162. Doug. Virgil, 180. 21. " 2. instrument of a profession, by the use "Be nor bree," is still a proverbial phrase. He Any moved neither ee nor bree ony mair than he had been of which one earns a sustenance. S. B. dead," "A small ail is a great evil to an aged woman, who Now they conclude, that here their turf maun he, has but the distaff for her bread-winner." Ibid. p. 174. stane not ee nor " And lay still, moving bree. I'se gang hame, and then get my bread-winner, Moss's Helenore, p. 74. and awa' to your folk, and see if they hae better lugs A.-S. breg, palpebra; Isl. braa. V. BRA. than their masters." Bride of Lammermoor, ii. 255. This refers to the fiddle. BREACH, s. The broken water on the sea- s. division of land in a S. coast, by which sailors know their BREAK, A farm, approach " shall no of their to land in a dark night, Moray; supposed They dung part former crofting, till these four new breaks are in. Let them to be the same with Land-brist. brought give ten or twelve bolls of lime to each acre of their oat-leave break." Maxwell's Sel. Trans, 216. s. A roll or loaf. V. BREID. p. BREAD, "Such farms as are divided into 3 as * inclosures, or, BREAD. To be in bad bread, to be in a they are commonly called, breaks, the tenant, by his lease, is bound, under a certain to dilemma, or in an evil S. stipulated penalty, taking, plow one only of these at a time." P. Kilwinning, It seems to have been originally restricted to short Ayrs. Statist. Aec. xi. 152. allowance. BREAK, s. The act of breaking, a breach. s. That food of " BREADBERRY, children, Our reformed churches aggreeing soundly in all in is which E. called pap, S. the substantial! points of faith, & without break of for the matter of Perhaps from bread and A. Bor. berry, to beat, communion, yet, heerein, governe- have taken libertie, diverslie as seemed best to Su.-G. baeria, Isl. beria, id. q. "bruised bread." ment, Berry had been used in the same sense. each, to rule either by Bishops, or common counsel of " Elders." Forbes's 5. Where before a peevish nurse would been seen Defence, p. tripping up stares and down stares with a posset or s. A furrow in berry for the laird or lady, you shall now see sturdy jack- BREAK, BRAKE, ploughing, men groaning with the weight of sirloins of beef, and S. chargers leadened with capons and wildefoul." Mer- "The field which is designed for bear gets two cur. Caled. Jan. 1661, p. 8. furrows ; the one a break, the other clean. Surv. BREAD-MEAL, s. The flour of pease and bar- Banff's. App. p. 37. ley; because commonly used for making BREAK-FUR, BREAK-FURROWING, s. Plough- bread, Roxb. ing in a rough way, Banffs. BRE [287] BRE

"Another use of breakfur, at this time, is to cover pretended that it has the virtue of producing pleasant the stubble with a earth." Surv. Banff's, 38. dreams in regard to one's sweetheart. " light p. Dry and late break-furrowing have quite contrary "The bride now stopped short on the threshold, effects/' Ibid. while the old man broke a triangular cake of short- "In the autumn, brake-furrowing, or ribbing, is brewl over her head, the pieces of which he threw out adopted as a substitute for clean ploughing." Ibid, among the young people. These scrambled for them ' ' p. 146. with great violence and earnestness. Now, continued ' she, ye maun lay this aneath your head, sir, when ye to and To BREAK in, v. a. To go twice over ground gang your bed, ye'll dream about the woman ye are to for wife." Edin. with the harrow, the first time that this in- get your Mag. May 1817, p. 146, 147. strument is Fife. applied, The use of bread on this joyful occasion seems to have been Teut. braecken den acker, prosciudere agrum. very ancient. The Romans had a rite, which although somewhat different in form, had probably the BREAK, BREAK-HARROW, s. A large har- same design. Their most solemn form ol contracting was called row, S. marriage confarratio. The parties were " joined by the Pontifex Maximus, or Flamen Dialis, by Then harrow with a break-ltarrow, or larger again the use of a set form of words, and by partaking harrow than ordinary, and not." Maxwell's Sel. spare together of a cake, made of flour, water, and salt, Trans, 249. V. BRAKE. p. called /''(/. It was necessary that this should be done in the of at least ten witnesses and that the BREAK, s. An instrument for taking the presence ; cake should have been offered, with a sheep, in sacri- rind off E. V. BRAIK. flax, S.; brake, fice to the gods. According to Dionysius, in Romido, this rite was used because husband and wife are sus- To BREAK, v. a. To disappoint, S. B. tained by the same bread. This was also viewed as a " that the wife became of all the sub- I'se no break you, I shall not disappoint symbol partner stance of her husband, and had a with him Shirr. Gl. community you," in the sacred rites in ; consequence of which, if he died lal. bregd-a, frustrari aliquem, G. Andr. p. 34. intestate, and without children, she inherited all his Su.-G. id. mutare fallere. as if she been his ; property had daughter. I shall not pretend to determine whether the act of BREAK (of a hill) s. A hollow in a hill, S. breaking the cake on the head of the bride has any re- ference to the ancient sacrificial rite of the mola Isl. breck-a, crepido, declivitaa. placing salsa, on the head of the victim. To BREAK, v. n. Used to denote the sudden Among the Greeks, "when the bridegroom entered course an the house with his bride, it was customary to pour which animal takes, in fleeing upon their heads figs, and divers other sorts of fruits, from its pursuers. as an omen of their future plenty." Aristoph. Scho- liast, in Plutum. V. ii. "Therefore ye see in him that hopes, as the hart Potter, 287. The Macedonians entered breake* vpward, so will the eye looke vpward, the into the marriage cove- nant a of bread with a and hand, the head will be raised vpward." Rollock on 1. by dividing piece sword, of it. Alexander the when charm- Thes. p. 45. V. Etymon of the following word. jointly eating Great, ed with the beauty of Roxana, the daughter of a s. A considerable number of ordered bread to be BREAK, people, Satrap, brought ; and having a crowd as a break divided it with his sword, partook of it with her, as a ; of folk, Fife. symbol of his taking her to wife. Q. Curt. lib. 8. This has been viewed as a metaph. use of Break, a Among some of the ancient German nations, as well division of land, q. "as many as would cover a break as the Samogitians and Lithuanians, a custom was ob- of land." But it is more probably the same with Isl. served still more nearly resembling ours. The bride, turba brak, strepitus, tumultus, ; from brak-a, stre- being brought to the bridegroom's house, was covered tumultuari G. pere, ; Andr. p. 34. with a veil, and being led to all the doors of the house, which she was required to strike with her right foot, To v. a. To a at each door she BREAK, Break Bottle, to open was sprinkled with wheat, flour, oats, a full bottle barley, peas, beans, and poppy. For a followed ; especially when it is meant person her, carrying all these in a sack, who, having scattered only to take out of its contents, S. " part them around her, said ; None of these shall be wan- a to the if Hence, Broken Bottle, one out of which ting bride, she attend to the duties of religion, and exercise that domestic which becomes part of its contents has already been taken, S. diligence her." Meletius, de Relig. et Cteremoniis Vet. Boruss- To Stuck. Convivial, 109. At Zurich BREAK up, v. a. To open an ecclesi- prum, ap. Antiq. p. in after the bride is bread astical convention with a sermon. Switzerland, brought home, is thrown out of the house, for which the "The young people assembly sate down the twenty-first of No- scramble. Ibid., also p. 170. vember 1638, and old Mr. John Bell, minister of the town, did break the s. The first up assembly." Guth. Mem. p. BREARD, appearance of grain. V. BREER. BREAKING BREAD on the BRIDE'S s. The short flax a BREARDS, pi recovered HEAD, custom generally prevalent in S. from the first tow, by a second When a bride is conducted home to the hackling. bridegroom's The thrown off this house, before she is allowed to tow, by second enter it, or at the very hackling, threshold, a cake is broken on her head is called ; the fragments backings. of which all the young people are to it eager gather ; "To be sold, a large quantity of white and blue being used as bread. dreaming This being laid under fit for 4 to 6 lib. the breards, spinning yarn, per spindle." pillow of each person who a share of it gets it, is Edinburgh Evening Courant, Sept. 1. 1804. BRE [288] BRE

* collar. The last syllable has more resemblance of s. To make a, clean breast of. BREAST, Teut. a collar. V. HAIMS. V. CLEAN. hamme, BRECKSHAW, BREAKSHUACH, s. A name BREAST. In a breast, abreast, S. B. given to the in sheep, Loth., As they're thus thrang, the gentles came in view, dysentery A' in a breast upon a bonny brow. Roxb. Ross's Helenore, p. 96. or &c. Mr. Beat- "Dysentery, Braxy, Breckshaw, tie. or Mr. J. To BREAST, v. a. To mount a horse by ap- Breakshuach, Cling, Hogg." Essays Highl. Soc. iii. 411. a breast to the back of the plying person's Bresdiaw is also me as the name of internal given " horse, in order to get on, S. inflammation in sheep, ending in sphacelation. Peeb., Roxb. To BREAST, v. n. To spring up or forward; Breakshuach comes nearest to the A.-S. term braec- seoc. V. BRAXY. This term, as is observed, Ess. ut a term applied to a horse, S. " sup. p. 412. by many is used to denote a very dif- Thou never lap, and sten't, and breastit, ferent disease, the Sickness." Then stood to blaw ; But just thy step a wee thing hastit, *. 1. Dumfr. Thou snoov't awa. BRED, A board, a plank, Burns, iii. 144. 2. lid or of a or Roxb. From the action of the breast in this effort. The covering pot pan, ; bret. a a A.-S. bred, tabula ; Germ. board, BREAST-BORE, s. An instrument for bor- plank. ing, Clydes. V. BOKAL. POT-BRED, . The wooden lid of a pot, ibid. BREAST-PEAT, s. A peat formed by the s. wooden box with for spade being pushed into the earth horizon- ASS-BRED, A handles, out ibid. tally, S. carrying ashes, " A face of the moss laid perpendicular [is] bare, BREDDIT, part. Wreathed. from which the digger, standing on the level of the The durris and the windois all war breddit bottom, digs the peat, by driving in the spade hori- With massie gold, quhairof the scheddit. his this is breast- fynes with arms ; peat zontally designed Police of Honour, iii. 68. Edin. edit. 1579. peat." Agr. Surv. Peeb. p. 208. It seems to signify wreatJted, from A.-S. bred-an, Teut. to wreathe. Sfheddlt is rendered BREAST- s. That of the breyd-en, WODDIE, part ' ' streamed forth ;" Gl. But the expression may per- harness of a which carriage-horse, goes haps denote that the fynes or ends of the golden wreaths round the breast, S. B. parted from each other. "Sometimes the breast-woddies, an' sometimes the BREDE, WYNTER-BREDE, s. Provisions for theats brak." Journal from London, p. 5. V. Rio- WIDDIE. winter. -Of emotis the blak rout s. 1. ten- *BREATH, Opinion, sentiments; Had beildit vnder the rate of an hye tre dency of thought, S. For it seems often In tyll ane clift thare byke and duelling stede, To thare and brede. to a of one's hyde laugsum werk, im/nter merely respect partial expression Doug. Virgil, 462. 33. mind. "I wad fain hear his breath about this This may be merely bread, as Rudd. supposes, used business." more largely. But Isl. braad is rendered, praeda, esca, carnivori animalis, G. Andr. p. 33. which seems As A.-S. braeth the E. word is here signifies spiritus, to indicate that bread is a restricted use of ' ' A.-S. only used like Fr. esprit, for mind, ; dis- " thought, opinion the radical word. position, inclination. s. Brethren. V. BRODIR. 2. In a breath, in a moment, S. BREDIR, pi. BRECHAME, BRECHEM, s. The collar of BREDIS. IN BREDIS. a working horse, S. The birth that the ground bure was brondyn in bredis, With gerss gay as the gold, and granis of grace. Ane brechame, and twa brochis fyne. Houlate, i. 3. MS. Bannatyne Poems, p. 160. st. 8. This is the same with in brede as used by "Barsham, a horse collar. North." Gl. Grose. certainly which renders abroad. Thus bron- is used in the Chaucer, Tyrwhitt Bcmrghwan same sense, A. Bor. ibid. ; " dun in bredis is branched out." V. ABBEID. also, "Brauchin, a collar for a horse, made of old stuffed with straw. Cumb." Ibid. stockings" BREE, BRIE, S. B. BREW, S. s. 1. The straw brechem is now supplanted by the BROO, leather collar." P. Alvah, Banffs. Statist. Ace. iv. Broth, soup. 395. V. WEASSIS. The priest said grace, and all the thrang fell tee, Your armour gude ye mauna shaw, And ply'd their cutties at the smervy bree. like o' Ross's 116. Nor yet appear men weir ; Helenore, p. As lads be a' country array'd, Of cookrie she was wonder slee, Wi' branks and brecham on each mare. it And marked all as should be ; Miiistrdsy Border, i. 176. Good beef and mutton to be broo, "Item, certane auld brechomes and hernes of the Dight spits, and then laid the rosts to. " Sir 66. French facioun. Inventories, A. 1566, p. 171. Egeir, p. Gael. Ir. braigh, the neck ; whence braigliaidain, a "Bree, broth without meal," Gl. Yorks. BRE [289] BRE

Another throw the breila him 2. sauce, S. bair, Juice, Whill flatlies to the ground he fell. or fat for "Sreau, is supping meat, gravy and Raid of lieidswire, Minstrelsy liorder, i. 118. brewis ;" GI. Yorks. This word occurs both in the Gothic and Celtic dialects. and Isl. brok moisture of S. Anc. Goth, ; A.-S. braec, brec: 3. Water ; any kind, Su.-G. braeckor ; Alem. pruah ; Arm. brag; C. B. A' douce I've borne aboou the frroo, ye folk, bryccan ; Gael. bri Plays ; ye'll, hurry, reached no higher. It thro' the parish raise an unco bree. ) It is that in the Kliirrefs' Poems, p. 67. V. also p. 215. singular, Lyndsay, passage quoted, uses the same term for the aprons made by our com- Su.-G. bry, turbare, vexare ; which some derive from mon parents, which occurs in the A.-S. Pentateuch, brigda, litigare, brlgd, coutumelia. only as conjoined with waed, a garment : Siwodon and worhton him waedbrec. Gen. iii. 7. BREE, a. The V. BRE. ficleaf, eye-brow. Dr. Macpherson contends that Braccae "was un- doubtedly a Celtic" word, "signifying a party-co- To BREED to resemble. V. v. 5. of, BRADE, loured garment." Dissert. \. p. 115. He afterwards says: "Every Highlander in Britain knows that the. To BREEGHLE, v. n. 1. A term expressive Bracca was an upper garment of divers colours. The word is to this in the Gaelic of the waddling and bustling motion of a very day preserved with the addition of a letter of small stature a language, only single person ; as, He breeghlin in same [Bratcan, p. 115] ; and, the language, any Fife. is is awa' t thing that party-coloured constantly distinguished by the epithet Breac." Diss. xii. p. 151. 2. also to the mode in which a But to his own the name Applied person according acknowledgment," on the colour. For he If the of this does kind of work depended says, Sayum description any ; [Celt, saic, the name of their original garb,] was of one to to little notwithstand- fiddle, make progress colour, it was called, in the language of the country, much ibid. Plaide; if or streaked with different ing bustling ; party-coloured dyes, it was called Breaccan." Ibid. p. 150. Allied perhaps to Isl. brock-ur, succussatim curro, I am, therefore, much disposed to admit the reason- more desultoris talis equi ; brock, cursus, brockur, equus ' ' ing of Dr. Ledwich. As the braccae or trowsers were desultorius. Sumitur etiam quasi bruto actu. G. sometimes coloured, and sometimes not, it is more Andr. 37. Su.-G. to is used p. braaka, break, metaph. were denominated rather from their to denote troublesome work. Dicitur de molesto likely they shape any and than from their colour, which was acciden- labore. Braaka med en cum re cou- figure quovis ting, aliqua tal. Hence the name seems to be derived from the flictari. Ihre refers to A.-S. brocu, miseriae, woe, la- Teutonic Broeck, which was Latinized Bracca, and bor, as sy in HI. alluded to the rupture or division of the body at the thighs, and such is the opinion of the best critics." BREEGHLIN, BRECHLIN, s. Motion convey- Antiq. of Ireland, p. 268. of ing the idea considerable exertion, but He here quotes C'asaubon, Salmasius, Braunius, and in like deduces the term little progress, Fife. Sperling. Junius, manner, from orech-en frangere, assigning the same reason for the etymon. Wachter derives Germ, bruch, breeches, BREEK, BREIK, s. One leg of a pair of from the same verb, as signifying scindere, secare. G. S. breeks, breiks, breeches. breeches, pi. Andr. renders Isl. brekan, apes [f. tapes] lectisternii is discolor contexta 35. V. Errat. Verelius The word used in the sing, in a proverbial phrase, ; p. says the origin of which is ascribed to what was said by that bracca, (for this is the form in which he exhibits Archibald III., fourth Earl of Douglas, after a battle, the Isl. word for breeches) is the origin of the Lat. in which he had been wounded in that quarter which designation. vails. modesty" When after the battell every man was reckoning To BREEK, v. n. A term used by females, his wounds, and hee said at last when hee complaining, when on a rainy day, in shearing, they tuck had hard them all sit ; They full still that have a riven their to their knees, somewhat breike. The speach is passed into a proverb, which is up petticoats used to designe such as have some hidde and secret in the form of breeches. The question is cause to complaine, and say but little." Hume's Hist. " 1 often asked, Are ye gaiin to breek the day ?" Doug. p. 120. Loth. Than gan thai baith for to think schame, And to be naikit thocht defame ; 1. Breeches. And maid them breikis of leuis grene. BREEKS, BREIKS, BREIKIS, s.pl. Lyndsays Warkif, p. 26. "Item ane pair of breikis of figourit velvet, the N 2 BRE [290] BRE

of Isl. broellte is vel ferri ground thairof of clayth of silver, with ane doublet expl. bovino, aprino more ; G. Andr. to be hurried like the same." Inventories, p. 281. p. 37. on an ox or boar ; extra Niniane Winyet, in his rough invective against the brial-az, mentem rapi: Su.-G. bryll-a, perturbare, "Preichouris of the Protestantism Scotland," intro- a frequentative from bryd-a, id. duces this term in a curious comparison : s. in "Thai confessit thameselfis to hef bene afore BREELLS, pi. Spectacles general ; thair sermonis for the of forgeing plesuir every auditor, but more strictly double-jointed spectacles ; efter the fassoun of mete for every schipmenis breiks, Clydes. leg : ane thing to hef understandit and roundit privat- of the stone called a lie in the mirk, and ane uther thing to hef prechit Aubrey, speaking precious beryl, to hef had closit says: "I have heard that spectacles were first made pppinlie in the pulpet: ane thing of this stone, which is the reason that the Germans do in thair briestis, and ane uther reddy, as thai thocht call a spectacle-glass (or pair of a Brill." tyme, in thair mouthe." Four scoir thre Questionis ; spectacles) Miscellanies, 165. V. BKIL. Keith's Hist. App. p. 210. p. Germ, brill, Su.-G. briller, id. oculi vitrei, L. B. 2. The term occurs in what seems to have been, berill-us is used in the same sense. Various are the de- conjectures as to the origin of the term. Ihre thinks two centuries ago, a cant phrase used to it had been applied to them, in a jocular way, by the note the or of a apprehension fettering Italian tradesmen, from briglia, a bridle, q. a bridle for the prisoner. nose. Had the term been formed in our own time, we It occurs in Henderson's deposition as to the Gowrie " might have traced it, somewhat in the same way, to The the noyse of their Conspiracy. deponer hearing Isl. as it is wear were to make breakes brial, affectatio, many, thought, glasses forthgoing, supposed they going now from no motive at in con- his higher ; not, any rate, for Maconilduy : and the deponer sent his boy for sequence of their sight being injured by reading. gantlet and steele-bonnet."

This refers to what Gowrie had ; for "the enjoined BREEM, adj. The same with Brim, as sig- earle bade him putte on his secret, and plaite sleeues, keen, fierce, Lanarks. for he had an Hyland-man to take." Moyse's Mem. nifying violent, The sun sae breem frae hint a p. 303. clud, Pour't out the lowan In Cromarty's, p. 48, the first expression is rendered : day. " Edin. Oct. 327. Believing that my Lord was going to take the said Ballad, Mag. 1818, p. Highland man." It is the same in Cant's Hist, of We beek ourselves on the faimie heaps, Whan simmer suns are breem. Perth, p. 232. Marmaiden Edin. Mar. 1820. Perhaps there is a ludicrous allusion to a Highland- of Clyde, Mag. man the kilt or instead of breeches. using philibeg, To BREEM, v. n. A term applied to the female of a when she desires the 3. Used, in low proverbial language, in relation swine, as male; E. to id. to ability, but always in a negative form, brim, addressed to one who boasts that he can do BREEMIN, A-BREEMING, part. adj. Applied this or that Its no in S. to a sow when in or desirous of the ; your breiks, man, season, "It is not in your breeks;" an allusion to money in boar, Roxb. to or our ; signifies our inability effect, procure pockets "A sow goes to brimme; that is, to boar. South." such a 220. thing." Kelly, p. Grose. Both Skinner and Kersey give it as a verb of As it is still most applied to physical commonly general use. Skinner refers to A.-S. brynne, incendium, I suspect that this had been the original strength, as the only probable origin. But it is evidently allied and that it had even been used in a sense application ; to Flandr. breemstigh, ardens in Venerem, Veneri not of the most delicate description. deditus, and Isl. breima, felis catuliens. Perhaps or brimi, calor uaturalis, gives the primary idea ; brim, . A rival in love. BREEK-BROTHEK, fervor. It also signifies flamma. 0. Teut. brem-en, to a Breek- Ital. bram- "Rivalis, qui cum alio eandem amat, burn with desire, ardere desiderio, Kilian ; brother." Despaut. Gram. Edin. 1708, p. 34. are, id. To brim as a sow is E., although overlooked by Johns. V. BRUMMIN. BREEKUMTRDLLIE, s. 1. One whose breeches Our ancestors seem to have had a variety of terms, to different for the do not fit him, appropriated animals, expressing Ayrs. still remain. As desire of the male ; some of which breemin the the female cat is said to 2. Also applied to a boy who wears breeches, distinguishes sow, cote, the cow to ecunin, &o. The v. to Bell, q. v. was but is reckoned of too small a size for this confined to the hart. of dress, ibid. part BREER, s. A briar, S. Trulie is often used, S. as expressing contemptuous He sprang o'er the bushes, he dashed o'er the breers. or admiration breek him trulie ! derisory ; q. Wint. Ev. Tales, it 215. " Breers, brambles and briers ;" Yorks. Marshall. BREEKLAN, part. adj. Shabby in appear- BREARD, s. 1. ance, whether in person or in dress, Mearns. BREER, BRERE, BRAIRD, The first of above This seems the same with BBEEOHLE, q. v. appearance grain ground, after it is sown, S. To BREEL, v. n. To move with rapidity, A fine breer, an abundant germination. "Brere, to breel down the Rudd. Border ; as, brae, always, new sprung corn," "There is no breard like midding breard;" S. Prov. or at least generally, applied to the motion 328, to low-born people who suddenly of a and thus the idea of Kelly, p. applied carriage, implying come to wealth and honour ; in allusion to the stalks the noise made by it. of corn which spring up on a dung-hill. BRE [291] BRE

There's an aultl saw, to ilk ane notum This may be merely a use of E. breeze. " " figurative Better to save at braird than bottom. Yet some be affinity might supposed to exist between /l * i HI * * i/' .* I 143. Poems, the word in this peculiar signification, and Isl. bran, " at Or in ; Better ham at the brierd than the petulantia, brys, ardens calor, bryss-a, fcrvide prose" agere, 19. Su.-G. focus luculentior. lx>ttom ; Ramsay's Prov. p. brata,

2. Metaph. transferred to the first appearance To BREESSIL, v. n. To come on in a hurry, of the seed of the word, after it has been making a rustling noise, Lanarks. V. the sown in the ministry of the gospel. noun. "If left free, the braird of the Lord, that to begins BREESSIL, s. 1. The act of on in rise so green in the land, will grow in peace to a plen- coming a tiful harvest." R. Gilhaize, i. 195. hurry, Fife. has been mentioned to An ingenious conjecture me, It is also pronounced Brelshil, ibid. as if breard were Germ, fiber erd, contracted, as denoting The justicoat sune on he flung, iiber what appears immediately above ground , erd corn An' he his hazel up gat rung ; a common in But what is being expression Germany. Then but he ran wi' hasty brewhitt, said as to the of ////// to meaning A.-S. seems place An' laid on Hab a badger-reishill. this etymon rather out of date. MS. Poem,. A.-S. brord, frumenti spicae, "corn new come up, " 2. violent attack in whatever or the spires of corn. Somner. But as we learn from A way. Hence the same that the sense of the word is writer, primary the phrase to bide a breessil^ to endure a linctut, a prick or ; this enables us to trace it a point severe onset, Fife. little farther. For Su.-G. brodd, a point, (cuspis, also is aculeus, ) signifies the first appearance of the blade, This immediately allied to A.-S. brastl, " crepitus, used in the same sense with spik. Deinde etiarn brodd fractio, fractura, arsio, or crackl- strepitus, " cracking vocatur herba sese e terrae segetis, primum gremio ing ; also, burning ; Somn. Brattl-ian, crepitare, cacumina instar clavorum to to to exserens, utpote quae sua, strepere ; crack, crackle, make a noise ; to exserunt. Marc. iv. 28. Simili burn ibid. These terms acuminata, numo ; have been primarily used to metaphora spit dicitur primum illud germen, quod e denote the noise made by fire. There can be no doubt grano prodit. Kornet aer i spik. Ihre, i. 270. as to their affinity to Isl. brys, ardens calor. The Isl. The Su.-G. word claims Isl. v. to brydd-a, pungere, (to corresponds exactly our word ; bry&s-a, fervide S. its Ir. brodd, B.) as origin. pruid-im, id. is un- aggredi ; G. Andr. p. 36. doubtedly from the same root. " . One to broils and blood- Bruart, the blades of corn just sprung up;" Gl. BREGER, given Lancash. This word has the closest affinity to A.-S. shed. brord, Sic men than, ye ken than, Amangs our selfs we se, To BREER, BRERE, BREARD, v. n. To germi- As bregeri and tygers, to shoot forth from the earth in blud to be. nate, ; applied Delyts Burel's to Piig. Watson's CoU. ii. 48. especially grain, S. Brerde, part. pa. This at first view seem to be Loth, brairded. might merely a corr. of E. brayyart. But it is from Fr. briguer, "a quarrel- The sulye spred hir brade bosum on contentious or brede, some, litigious ; used also as " person Zephynis confortabill inspiratioun brigand, Cotgr. ; both being from briyue, contention. For ressaue law in : tyll hir barme adoun uses in the Chaucer orige latter sense. The origin is The cornis croppis, and the bere new brerde, most probably Su.-G. brigd-a. V. BKKK, . 2. Wyth gladesum garment reuesting the erd. Doug. Virgil, 400. 27. s. A Whuddin hares 'mang brairdit corn, BREHON, hereditary judge. ' ' At ilka sound are Martin. The Brehons were, in North Britain and Ireland, Rev. J. Nicol's Poems, ii. 1. the judges appointed by authority to determine, on stated times, all the controversies which s. happened BREIRDING, Germination ; used in metaph. within their respective districts. Their courts were relation to divine truth. usually held on the side of a hill, where they were " seated on banks of earth. The hills were called I find a little breirding of God's seed in this town, green mute-hills. The office to certain and for the which the Doctors have told me their mind, belonged families, was like other from that they cannot bear with it." Rutherford's Lett. P. transmitted, every inheritance, father to son. Their stated salaries were farms of I. ep. 73. considerable value. By the Brehon law, even the most Loth. a atrocious offenders were not with im- BREERIE, adj. Sharp, clever, ; figura- punished death, or exile ; but were to a fine tive use of E. full of briers. E. prisonment obliged pay briery, called A'ric. The eleventh, or twelfth part of this fine BRYKIE. fell to the judge's share : the remainder belonged partly to the King or Superior of the land, and *. partly I5REESE, BREIS, made in a to if Pottage parti- the person injured ; or killed, to his relations. cular manner, Aberd., Mearns. V. BROSE, Dr. Macpherson's Critical Dissertations, D. 13. After Scotland of which is had been overrun Edward I., in this the northern pronunciation. by the regulations made for the government of the coun- This term more resembles A.-S. " closely briwas, pot- try, it was ordained, that the custom of the Scott and tage, than the one more used. generally Bretg should, for the future, be prohibited, and be no practised." 506. This has been un- BREESE, BREEZE, s. 1. The act of longer Ryley, p. coming derstood, as if it denoted a total of the on in abrogation a hurry, Fife. Scottish laws and customs. But Lord Uailes views the usage of the Scots and Brets as something entirely "2. \ a Loth. " quarrel, broil, distinct from the laws of the land. We know from BRE [292] BEE

our statute-book," he says, "that the people of Gallo- drawn from the Civil and Canon laws, and partly by way had certain usages peculiar to them, Stat. Alex- prescriptions and customs in use among the Irish. ander II. c. 2. One was, that causes among them were And as the Dynast had Brehons, who were always of tried without juries. Qnon. Attach, c. 72. 73 and one sept or family, so he had also Historians, Physicians, this may probably have been the usage which Edward Surgeons, Poets and Harpers of other septs, to every abolished. The people of Galloway were sometimes one of whom particular lands were allotted for their distinguished by the name of Scots : thus, the wild Scot support. The Brehons were divided into several tribes, of Galloway is an expression to be found in ancient in- and the office was hereditary : yet their laws were struments, and is proverbial even in our days. The wrapt up in an obscure language, intelligible only to usage of the Brets I take to be what relates to the judge those who studied in their schools, in order to succeed called in and of Brithibh or Brehon ; Ireland, Brehan ; the family Brehon. The eleventh part the matter consequently, that the thing here abolished was the in demand was the Brehon's fee, and the loser paid no commutation of punishments, by exacting a pecuniary costs. The Irish historians mention the Mac-Kiegans, mulct." Annals, I. 286. V. also 2. Statutes Rob. I. 0-Deorans, 0-Brislans, and Mac-Tholies, as Brehons. " c. 56. By the Brehon laws, murders, rapes and theft This learned writer is certainly in a mistake, how- were punished by a fine called Eric, which was rais- the were the of of the for ever, when he supposes that Brehons ed out the substance delinquent ; or same with the Brets. The latter are evidently men- want of that, out of the territory where the offence was tioned as a people, equally with the Scots. "The committed. As murder was punished by an Erick, so custom of the Scots and Judges," would form a harsh a bare attempt to commit it, though unsuccessful, was connexion. By the Scots may be here meant the wild subject to the like fine. This law of Erick is said to Scots, or the descendants of the Irish, in the Western have been introduced by Fedlimid, surnamed Reachtair, parts of Galloway. The Brets are certainly Britons ; or the Law-giver, so called from his great care in those most probably, who inhabited Strat-clyde, and making good laws, (however the present law may be who seem to have retained customs peculiar to them- considered) and seeing them exactly observed. He selves, even after the dissolution of their kingdom. began his reign A. D. 164, and died in 173. Before V. Pinkerton's I. 81. where it of this the law of retaliation Enquiry, 80, ; appears the reign monarch, pre- incontestibly proved, that this name was given to the vailed in Ireland, viz. "an eye for an eye, and a tooth Britons or Welsh. for a tooth." But he changed it into this milder pun- With respect to the term Brehon ; as Ir. breathav, ishment of the Erick or fine, in proportion to the quality breitheav, still signifies a judge, C. B. braudur has the of the offence. same meaning. Bullet supposes that Breth has been "It is not to be denied that the English laws and used in this into Ireland at the first sense by the ancient Gauls ; whence Ver- customs were introduced very yobret, the name of the supreme magistrate among arrival of the English there in the reign of King Henry them. The a nation of chief that afterwards more estab- Aedui, Gauls, whose city II., and they were firmly was Augustodunum, now Autun (Cellarii Geog. I. lished by King John, and deposited under his seal in 171. this chief Dublin but it is manifest that for 172.) gave name to their magistrate. the Exchequer at ; Divitiacus et Lasco summo magistratu praeerant. many centuries after that period they did not extend Vergobretum appellant Aedui, qui creatur annuus, et their force and efficacy further than to the countries in vitae necisque habet potestatem. Caesar. Bell. Gall. possession of the English. For in the other parts of Lib. 1. Du Cange observes, that to this day the Ireland, the law of Tanistry remained in its full vigour, supreme magistrate of Autun is called Vierg. Sehilter, together with the Brehon-law, and that of Gavelkind; giving a Germ, etymon, supposes that this word is which laws and customs by degrees also crept in among composed of werlc, work, and bret, illustrious. Bochart some of the English, even among those of better note, still more wildly derives it from the two Syriac words, as appears by a statute made in a Parliament held at in of under the Farga, change, andparto, supreme governor ; because Kilkenny the 40th year Edward III., this Vergobret, although the first magistrate, was sub- government of Lionel Duke of Clarence, Lord Lieu- to Colon. Phenio. Ireland which the are commanded ject change. De p. 79. Wachter tenant of ; by English views it as formed of the old British ver a man, and in all controversies to govern themselves by the common cyfraith law, q. one who legally settles all differences. laws of England, and whoever submitted himself to the But it seems to be merely the man who judges ; as in Brehon-law, or to the law of the Marches, is declared Ir. Fear this that Irish go fraith literally bears meaning ; Biblioth. a traitor. Yet notwithstanding act, those Anglic. Tom. XV. Par. I. p. 412. referred to by Wach- laws and customs were afterwards here and there ter. Or the be thus formed a nor were the word may ; Fear, man, received by many of the English ; Eng- i/o, a conjunctive particle, and breath, judgment. Go, lish laws universally acknowledged and submitted to here be final however, may the preposition signifying to, as through all Ireland until the settlement made in it is commonly used. Thus it is, the man the of James I. appointed " reign King for judgment. In the Depositions of witnesses examined Since collecting the preceding materials on this before the Lord Deputy and Council at Limerick, A. article, I have observed that Sir James Ware gives an 36. Hen. 8., in proof of the marriage of the Earl of account of the Brehons, substantially the same with Clanrickaird to Grany O-Kerwill, one of the witnesses that given by Dr. Macpherspn. But as the Irish is stiled Hugh Mac-Donnell, Mac-Egan, Brehon of is antiquary more circumstantial than the Scottish, as Cloghketinge in Ormond : and among the articles made he had better opportunities of investigation, and as at with the Earl of Desmond, (A. 6 Eliz.) one is, "that best our sources of information on this subject are very the Brehon laws, according to the Act of Parliament limited some all shires ; extracts from Ware may be acceptable therein provided, be abolished in the under to the reader. the jurisdiction of the Earl." "The Dynast, or Chieftane," he says, "had certain The etymon of the term here given, is the same judges under him called Brehons, who at stated times with that already suggested. "Brehon or Breathan in sat the open air, generally upon some hill, on a in Irish signifies a judge, from Breath judgement." bench raised with green sods, where they distributed Antiquities of Ireland, p. 69 71. justice to the neighbours, who pleaded their cause be- Dr. Ledwich has endeavoured to show that the Bre- fore them. These Judges were unskilled in the Eng- hon laws are so nearly akin to the Gothic, that they lish Laws but matter ; when any was debated before must have been introduced into Ireland by the Belgae directed or them, they their judgment partly by principles Firbolgians ; Antiquities of Ireland, p. 259-280. BRE [293] BRE

To BREIF, BREVE, BREUE, BREW, v. a. 1. To To BREY, v. a. To terrify. to commit to Bot thare-of cowth thai fynd rycht noucht, write, writing. a all Hot serpent wgly, Glaidlie I wald amid this writ haue breuit, That bread tlmrae all stancland thare-by. Had I it sene how war slane or schent. vi. 4. 36. thay Wyntown, Police of IIinutHf, iii. 92. Maistir Jhon that couth Lancash. "to bree, to fear a person; breed fright- Blayr patron rasaiff, Iu Wallace buk brewyt it with the layff. ened ;" Tim Bobbins. Wallace, ix. 1941. MS. A.-S. breg-an, id. allied to Sw. bnj, to vex. probably Ane heuinlie rout out throw the wod eschevit, V. BIOOIT. Of quhome the bounty gif I not deny, Uneth may be intill ane script-ore brewit. v. resemble. V. To BREID, BREDE, n. To Police of Honour, ii. 2. BRADE, v. 5. "Abbreviated," Gl. But it is evident that this is not the meaning. iu seems to be BREID, s. Breadth. On breid, broad, or Hence the phrase, "breif the bill," breadth. merely, write the deed. Sail never berne gar breif the bill, Sic breid abufe the wallis thair was, At bidding me to bow. Thre cartes micht on them pas. sydlingis Maitland Poems, p. 209. Lyndsay's Warkis, p. 77. Edit. 1592. i.e. "No man shall ever have it in his power to fell in ane meikil as wes his He myre, hap, cause that deed, or contract of marriage, to be written, Was fourtie fute on breid, under the stayr. which shall bring me into a state of subjection. I am Dunbar, Maitland Poems, p. 84. determined to live single." A.-S. braed; Su.-G. bredd, id. Brede occurs in 0. E. Siiane, the Danes kyng, was of so grete strength, 2. To compose. That he destroied this fond in brede & in length. Quhen udir folkis dois flattir and fenye, R. Brunne, p. 41. Allace ! I can bot ballattis breif. Dunbar, Bannatyne Poems, p. 65. s. 1. Bread. BREID, BRED, And in the court bin present in tbir dayis, " is writtin be S. Quhow understand ye that Paull, That ballatis breuis lustely and layis. ane breid and ane ?" N. 185. We ar raony body Winyet's Lyndsay's Warkis, 1592, p. Questions, Keith's Hist. p. 232. scribere in App. Alem. priaf-a, gebriaf-an, ; gebriafte himilriche, written in heaven; Otfrid. Su.-G. bebref-wa, 2. loaf or mass of bread whether A by itself, literis confirmare. L. B. brev-iare., in breves redigere, large or small. The term is still vulgarly describere, Du Cange. used by bakers in this sense, S. BREIF, BRIEF, BREEF, . A spell, S. O. use at Communioun now "Quhy ye your four, As he lav'd, sounds came sae sweet, now thre and breidis? nothcr coupis, mony keipand Frae ilka rock and tree ; the ceremonie expressit in the evangel, nor confess- The brief was out. 'twas him it doom'd ing the trewth of the raysterie with us, sen our Sal- The mermaid's face to see. viour useit ane breid and ane coup ?" Ibid. The mermaid lench, her brief was gane, " And blast was blawin'. The measure Chaenix, beeing of all measures the kelpie's The Mermaid, f'inlay's Scot. Ball, it 85. sharpest, as which was the ordinary stint of a bond- slaue his deies allowance, out of which, at most, four Ye surely hae some warlock-ftree/, Owre human hearts breads could be beaked." Forbes on the Revelation, ; For ne'er a bosom yet was prief, p. 34. Against yonr arts. Burns, iii. 84. This sense is sanctioned by the language of our acts " of Parliament : demaunded for what cause Lord " Being my kept James Coluile of Vchiltre so- his comptrollare to our the characters so well, depones, that, to oppinion, uerane lorde sail furniss his houshalde, quhil Lammes it was for no good, because he heard, that in those cum ane yer, his expensis extending daly to xiiij score parts where my Lord was, they would give sundry of breul with the pertinentis tharto, or within." Acts folks breeves." Cowrie's Conspir. Cant's Hist. Perth, Ja. V. 1526, Ed. 1814, p. 305. i. 216. "I think this word here means magical writ- seems to have been of This bread the smallest size, ings, amulets," &c. N. apparently resembling what is now called a penny- O. Fr. bref, brief, legende, talisman, de brevis ; Ro- loaf. written breu. L. B. quefort, Suppl. ; also brev-ia, It is sometimes distinguished by its relative size. characteres magici in Brevibus descripti, quos secum "Imprimis, daylie xiiij gret bred, To the lavander deferre solent, qui iis utuntur. Gloss. Graec. Lat. bred. of lix iij gret Summa bred, gret bred," Royal v\aK-r/ipioif, Servatorium, Amolimentum, Amoletum, Household, Chalmers's Mary, i. 178, 179. Brevia. The L. B. word was used in this sense at least as early as the twelfth century. Du Cange in BREID, BREED, s. A breadth of cloth, vo. We have all in our found that there was a cer- woollen or linen, S. day tain charm in sugarcandy. But could it ever have beeii "Of claith of silver threttie breid- eontening lang supposed, that this confection would have been worn dis, sevin schort four and small breidis, lang Ttreidis, in battle as a preservative from danger ? Yet this and tua small and schort breidis." A. " Inventories, was undoubtedly the case. Ne y mettre armes qui 1578, p. 211. It is written 123. bread, p. aieu vertnt, ne nomina, ne pera preciosa, ne Breu, ne Ye maun sleeve-button't wi' twa adder-beads ; portare Sucre candi," ic. Lib. Catalan, de Batallia Wi' iiuchristened maun plait down the breeds. fingers facienda ; ibid. Remains Nilksdale and (jalluway 111. Song, p. The terms, originally denoting a short writing in "This is an allusion to the Scottish Brownie, whose general, and particularly one of legal authority, came unbaptised fingers loved to plait and fit on the ladies' to signify a charm, because written on a bit of parch- frills." Ibid. ment. BRE [294] BRE

BREYFE, BREVE, *. A writing. 3. Quarrel, contention of parties; like E. breach. ;ert spede for-thi "It is to be provided for remede of the gret brek I this Ballyole bodyly. that is now, & apperand to be, in diuerss partis of the Wyntown, viii. 10. 37. realme in ; and specially Anguse betuix the erle of A.-S. literae Isl. Buchane & the erle of Eroule & thar &c. braw, ; Germ, brief, a letter ; partijs," Su.-G. writ. Parl. Ja. III. 1478, Ed. 1814, 122. bref, epistola, diploma ; Fr. brief, breve, a p. These are all from Lat. a term used breve, by Vopiscus. 4. Brek of a the of a This word, as we are informed by Salmasius, came to ship, breaking up vessel, signify a schedule or small book, towards the decline from its being wrecked, or the shipwreck it- of the empire. The v. is evidently formed from the n. self.

"Gif it chance of ather of the BREIRD, s. The surface, the uppermost ony ship parties afoir- said sufferand shipwrak to be brokin, the saidis or of as of gudis part, top, any thing, liquids. to be saiflie keipt to thame be the space of ane yeir, " from the newis of the or brek the to We beseech you therein to perceive and take up shipwrak, of ship be Balfour's Pract. 643. the angrie face and crabbed countenance of the Lord comptit." p. Teut. of hosts, who has the cup of his vengeance, mixed schip-breke, naufragium. with and in his to to this mercy justice hand, propine BREK, *. whole land ; of the which the servants of his own " For all the brek and that has house, and ye in speciall, has gotten the breird to drink. sterage bene, In fere of were and birnyst armour kene, Declaration, &c. 1596, Melville's MS. p. 279. Wyth sa grete rage of laubour and of pane, This is evidently the same with Brerd, q. v. The The wylde t'urie of Turnus, now lyis slane. idea, thrown out in the latter of that article, that part Doug. Virgil, 467. 21. this is not allied to brord, spica, but to brerd, summum, -Tanto armorum flagrante tumvltu seems confirmed by the definition which Somner " gives Tantorum furiisque operum, atque laboribus actum est. of the latter ; labrum the brim of a Summum, ; pot, Mafei. or such like, the shore or bauke, the brinke." Rudd. refers to this passage, although misquoted, The brerd of the water is a still used Dun- phrase as the word in the sense of breach. But bartons, for the surface of it. exhibiting brek here certainly signifies, "uproar, tumult," as con- stir Isl. nected with sterage, ; brak, strepitus, tumultus, BREITH, adj. eg brak-a, strepo, cerpo, G. Andr. p. 34. Su.-G. braak- The breith teris was gret payn to behald, a; metaph. de molesto quovis labore. Braaka med Bryst fra his eyn, be he his tale had tald. en ting, cum re aliqua connictari. Wallace, viii. 1370. MS. In old Edit, bright ; in Perth Ed. breicht. It seems BREKANE TYNIS, s. pi. A strange ortho- rather to "tears from signify, proceeding fervour of graphy in the Records for Brigandines. mind ;" from Su.-G. braede, ira. V. BRAITH. Acts Ja. IV. 1491, Ed. 1814, p. 226. BREITHFUL. V. BRAITHFUL. Brigantinis, Ed. 1566.

BREIVE, s. A kind of judge in the West- BREKBENACH, s. A particular military ern Islands of S. ensign. " "Rorie Macloyd, haveing repudiat Mackeinzie his The Laird of Drum held certain lands of the Ab- daughter, for her adulterie with the Breive of the Lewes, bot of Arbroath for payment of a yearly reddendo, et he mareid Maeklain his daughter. The Breive is a ferendo vexillum dicti Abbatis, dictum Brekbenach, in kynd of judge amongst the ilauders, who hath an ab- exercitu regis." Old Chart. solute judicatorie, vnto whose authoritie and censure This "the blessed" or "consecrated ban- " signifies ner Gael, or they willinglie submitt themselves, when he deter- ; from bratach, a banner ensign, and mineth any debatable question betuein partie and par- beannuichte, blessed. It is obvious that the latter is tie." Gordon's Hist. Sutherl. p. 267-8. not an original term, but formed from Lat. benedict-us. This, at first view, might seem to have been a word of V. BRIM. Norse extract, and allied to Su.-G. bref, scriptio, BREME, adj. Furious, Wynt. sententia literis But it dom-bref, judicis cousignata. Purified. is part. pa. certainly from Gael, breathamh, pron. q. bree-av, BRENDE, Here belt was of with birdes ful (mh being pron. as v,) a judge, whence breathamhnas, blunket, bolde, Breath as an Branded with brende gold, and bokeled ful bene. judgment. signifies judgment ; adj., clean, Sir Gawan and Sir O(U. ii. 3. pure. This judge had originally been the same, as the term has a This or burnished from common origin, with BKEHON, q. v. might signify, polished ; Germ, brenn-en, facere ut ardeat. But I understand BREK, s. 1. Breach in a general sense, as it as rather meaning what has been burnt, or thoroughly breach of purified. The same expression is used in Sw. V. promise. BPBNT SILVER. "That the said maister James walde not mak him subtennent to him of the said landis, nor enter him BRENE, s. Corslet, habergeon. tharto, & tharfore he aucht nocht to said pay the The Knight in his colours was armed ful clene, soumez becauss of the brek of the said Act. his clere to beholde promitt." With comly crest, ; ' Dom. Cone. A. 1491, p. 228. His brene, and his basnet, burneshed ful bene. Sir Qawan and Sir Gal. ii. 4. V. BIBNI& 2. of water. Eruption To BRENN, BRIN, v. a. To burn. The burne on spait hurlis doun the bank, Give owre house, fair, Vthir throw ane wattir or of your ye lady trek, spait nude, Give owre your house to me, Ryfand vp rede erd, as it war wod. Or I sail brenn yoursel therein, 49. 18. Dcrug. Virgil, Bot and your babies thre. A.-S. brke, bryce, Alem. bruch, ruptura. Edom o' Gordon, Herd's Coll. i. 9. BRE [295] BRE

Brin, Pink. Scot. Trag. Ball. i. 46. Brent-knoll is a steep conical hill, Somersets.; and The A.-S. v. is byrn-an. Both brenn and brin more Brent-torr, a rock of similar character, Devon. nearly resemble the Isl. and Germ. v. BRENNIJJO. If any thing further were necessary to determine its sense, it might be observed, that, as a high forehead is and S. brunt. generally considered as giving an air of dignity to the BRENT, pret. part. Burned ; countenance, this phrase has been used to express an Of cruell Juno the drede brent her inwart. attribute of Deity : Doug. Virgil, 34. 6. "At the first sight of that angrie Majestic, with A.-S. Isl. ardeo. brenn-ing, burning ; lirenn, brent browes and his sterne countenance, a torrent of terrours shall rush vpon their soules, dashing S. violently BRENT, adj. High, straight, upright, them with a dazzling astonishment." Boyd's Last My bak, that sumtyme brent hes bene, Battel, p. 678. Now cruikis lyk ane camok tre. We most probably have the root in Su.-G. bryn, Maitland Poems, 193. lift p. vertex mentis ; or Isl. brun-a, to one's self on " high. Brent is supposed to imply, burnt with lust." Ibid. Ihre gives the very idea attached to the word in S. Note, p. 425. But it must naturally occur, that brent when he says, Meo judicio bryn notat id, quod eeteris implies a property the reverse of crooked ; which is superstat, aut prae aliis eminet. The same Goth, word indeed the proper meaning. It most frequently occurs is used in a sense still more nearly allied to that of ours. in connection Isl. in one peculiar application, with brow, as It signifies the eye-brow ; brun, Germ, aug-brcumm, as en brant a, denoting a high forehead, contradistinguished from Mem. braane. Sw. brant, steep ; klippa, that is flat. is mentioned as a mark of en brante one This dignity steep rock ; Su.-G. backe, mons arduus ; Ihre, of appearance, or of beauty : vo. aratt. also a Heich in the fore stam stand he micht be sene, As Isl. brun, bryn, and Germ, bravn, signify For his brmois and athir ene or Wachter views this as the blyith brent, border, welt, list, " original his faderis star " are bor- The fyre twinkling, and idea ; because," he says, the eyebrows the Schew from his helmia top schynand on far. ders of the eyes." But this is merely fanciful. It is 268. 12. Doug. Virgil, far more natural to suppose that the original signifi- as for this Laeta tempera, Virg. cation is, high or steep ; especially, reason, it is not to a rock or mountain, but to the A fairer saw I never none ; only applied browes brow in as an over With brent, and thereto small ; general, which, eminence, projects A drawing voice she speaks withal] ! the eyes. Sir 29. Isl. lata demittere, torve aspi- Egeir, p. sigu bryn,"supercilia Ol. Lex. to let down the S. The Ramsay uses it in the same manner : cere, Run., brows," Isl. word brun, makes a figure Ah ! wha cou'd tell the beauties of her face ? supercilium, conspicuous in a in which we have an of Her fair brent brow, smooth as th' unrunkled deep, passage, amusing picture the same time When a' the winds are in their caves asleep ? the manners of the tenth century, and at It is Poems, ii. 17. a ludicrous description of a singular character. that of an Icelandic warrior, with his How brents your brow, my lady Elspat ! Egill who, brother and the soldiers under acted as How gouden yellow is your hair ! Thorolf, them, O' a' the maids o' fair Scotland, auxiliaries to Athelstan, king of England, in his war There's nane like lady Elspat fair. against the Scots, A. 937, Egill is represented as re- Jamiesons Popular Ball. ii. 91. turning from the interment of his brother Thorolf, who The editor of these ballads thinks that bent, as ap- had fallen in battle. to in with his betook himself to Athel- plied bow, has, another place, been substituted for "Egill, band, King brent: stan, and approached him seated amidst joyous accla- "This bow, which he carried unbent, he seems to mations. The king, observing Egill enter, ordered a have bent when he had occasion to swim, in order that lower bench to be emptied for his troop, and pointed he might more easily carry it in his teeth, to prevent out a distinguished seat for Egill himself, directly the string from being injured, by getting wet. At opposite to ibe throne. Egill, seating himself there, other times, he availed himself of its length, and threw his shield at his feet, and bearing his helmet on elasticity in the brent, or straight state, and used it (as his head, having placed his sword on his knees, he hunters do a leaping pole) in vaulting over the wall of drew it half out of its scabbard, and then thrust it back the outer court of a castle." Ibid. i. 175, N. again. He sat erect, with a sterne aspect. Egill's he The term, in reference to the brow at least, is used face was large, his brow broad ; had large eye-brows, in this sense, S. It is undoubtedly misapplied by (brunamikiU) ; his nose was not long, but abundantly contrasts it thick the seat of his the cir- Burns, when he with held, i.e. bald: ; (granstaedir), grunyie, cuit of his was broad and his chin and John Anderson my jo, John, lips long;

first cheeks were broad ; his neck was ; When we were acquent ; wonderfully gross coun- Your locks were like the raven, his shoulders surpassed the common size ; his Your bonnie brow was brent; tenance was stern and grim, when he was enraged. But now brow is held, otherwise he thick your John, He was of great stature ; had bushy Your locks are like the snaw. hair of the colour of a wolf, and was prematurely bald. iv. 302. Burns, "When he had seated himself, as has been already I have been informed, since writing this article, that, mentioned, he drew down the one eye-brow on his in Ayrs. and Galloway, brent is used in a peculiar sense. cheek, and at the same time raised the other to the As to the it applied brow, signifies smooth ; being con- region of his forehead and of his hair. Egill was black- trasted with runkled, or wrinkled. But, even accord- eyed, and had dun eyebrows. He would not taste to this it is evident that it alter- ing provincial signification, drink, although was presented to him ; but bcudne. is not properly opposed. In Roxb. it also nately raised and let fall (hann brununum) his eye- as signifies smooth, applied to the brow. Here too it brows. King Athelstan, seated on his throne, also has another sense quite different, signifying flat, as placed his sword on his knees. When they had sat of a brow which descriptive has a small angle. thus for some time, the king drew his sword out of its Our sense of brent is illustrated by A. Bor. brant, or scabbard, placed on the point of it a large and valuable brunt. brant hill. "Steep. A INorthumb." Gl. ring of gold, which, rising from his throne and stepping Grose. It is also used in Westmorel. "Brent-brow, forward on the pavement, he reached over the hre to a hill ; North." Ibid. steep metaph. Egill. He, rising, received the ring on the point of BEE [296] BEE

his and drew it to him. He then returned to sword, BRENT-BROWED, adj. Forward, impud- his place. The king seated himself again on his throne. ent, Perths. Egill, placed below, put the bracelet on his arm ; and his returned to their station. eyebrmue proper Laying' new. V. BRAND-NEW. down his sword with his helmet, he received the horn BRENT-NEW, quite ' presented to him, and drunk. Then he sung ; The ' s. death of the destroyer of hooked breastplates, made BRERD, ' me let fall my eyebrows. I can now carry on my sword For ony trety may tyd, I tell th the teynd, ' the I received a as reward which I will turn for all this warld brerd : jewel from hero, my ; noght myn entent, ' I of in this is no mean praise.' Or pair pris ane penny worth place, " For besandis or From this time forward Egill drunk his share, and beryell. conversed with those who were near him. Then the I knaw my auue quarrell. I dreid not the pereill, king caused two chests to be brought in, each of them ' To dee in this cace. full of silver, and carried two men. He said ; by Egill, Qawan and Got. iv. 7. receive these chests ; and if thou return to Iceland, Brerd here denote produce in a sense, bear this money to thy father, which I send to him as may general from A.-S. brord, spica. V. BREER. But it a compensation for the loss of his son. Part of it, how- perhaps is rather brerd, which renders summum ; as ever, thou mayst distribute among thy own and Thor- Lye signi- the whole substance on the surface of the earth. olf's nearest kinsmen, whom thou boldest most dear. fying But thou thyself shalt receive with me compensation To v. n. To V. BKEEK. for the loas of thy brother, either in lands or moveables, BRERE, germinate. according to thy choice. If it be thy inclination to s. An attack. remain with me, I shall give thee what honour or dig- BRESCHE, nity thou shalt please to ask.' Egill, receiving the "Botbe ressoun the wall was eirthe, the breiche money, thanked the king for his gifts and gracious was not maid so grit upoun the day, bot that it was promises : and brightening up, he thus sung : sufficiently repaired in the night; quhareof the In- ' Grief made me let fall my eyebrows. But now I glische men begyning to weary, determinate to give have found him who can smooth all these asperities. the bresche and assault, as that thay did upon the 7th My eyebrows have been quickly raised by the king.' of May, 1560, beginning befoir the day-licht, and con- Egill Skallagrira Sag. ap. Johnst. Antiq. Celto-Scand. tinewing till it was neir sevin hours." Knox's Hist., p. 5254. p. 226. In Lond. ed. it is breach, p. 846, understood in the adv.- 1. line BRENT, Straight, directly ; as, "He same sense with breich in the second preceding. In MS. II. in both it is breache. But in MS. I. look'd me brent i' the face," Roxb. places //'/ is used to denote the breach made in the " wall, while the other phrase is brasche and assault." 2. Straight forward. To come brent on, to As in the latter, which is the most correct of the advance in a and in fearless straight line, a two MSS. the orthography is so different from that of the and as was or precipitate manner, Loth., Selkirks. preceding word, the breach previously it made ; seems to denote the act of storming the This seems to be a term radically different from the breach, as synou. with assault. adj. signifying high, straight, upright ; as probably Su.-G. brask-a, sonitum edere, tumultum excitare allied to Isl. audacter more f bran-a, ruere, caprino erri, It denotat, a simpliei brask, sonitus ; Ihre. may, brun-a, progredi, currere. however, be originally the same with Brash, q. v. 3. To Hae, or See, a brent, to see it thing BRESS, s. The chimney-brace. as if before Loth. " distinctly, directly one, The craw thinks it's ain bird the whitest ; but It's did read true, he no that ; a' it's black's the back o' the bress." The " deep" for that, as What I dinna then," quo' he, need, Entail, ii. 277. V. BRACE. I hoe it a" brent i' my head, Ay to produce." BRESS, s. pi. Bristles. The Smugglers, ii. 116. As bress of ane brym hair his herd is als stiff. Maitland 48. BRENT, s. A door-post, Nithsdale. Dunbar, Poems, p. " I to fair them a ; s. to be the gae lady BRESSIE, A fish, supposed I wad gie a' my lands and rents or Old Labrus Tinea, Linn. I had that ladie within my brents ; Wrasse, Wife, I wad gie a' lands and I take it to my towers, "Turdus vulgatissimus Willoughbaei ; I had that ladie within bowers." " my be the same our fishers call a Bressie, a foot long, swine- still still rents Keep yere lands, keep yere ; headed, and mouthed and backed ; broad bodied, very Ye hae that ladie within brents." " yere fat, eatable." Sibb. Fife, 128. Several of them are Remains of Nithsdale Song, p. 216. occasionally caught in the Frith of Forth, and are This term I have found in an old ballad only given called by our fishers by the general name of Sea from recitation, which may have been composed in the Swine." Ibid. N. or in the sixteenth The fifteenth, early century. If Sir R. Sibbald's conjecture be well-founded, the "within from the phrase, my brents," connexion, S. name may be radically the same with E. wrasse. seems to require some such sense as that "within This with the my gates." exactly corresponds signi- BREST, part. pa. Forcibly removed; or as fication of Isl. brand-ar, columna lignea ante fores. Hence the at in the act of with phrase, brondmn, aditu, prae foribus ; denoting breaking away and of most probably that bransteen, sedile lapideum violence ; for burst.

ante ; Verel. Ind. Brandar portam positum hussdyra, With the cloudis, heuvnnys, son and dayis lycht perticae, postes, expl. Dan. dot-poster, i.e. door- by Hid and brest out of tlie Troianis sycht ; Haldorson. to G. the posts ; According Andr., posts Derknes as nycht beset the see about. of a lofty house are called direbrandar, q. the door- Doug. Virgil, 15. 46. V. BRIST. brents Lex. id. ; p. 34. Breste, to burst. Chaucer ; Sw. brist-a, BRE [297] BRI

This term be allied to Su.-G. To BREST, v. n. To burst. may perhaps radically bryt-a, to contend, to make war. We may add, that see the elect so in "When shall shining is : ex asseribus they (ierm. ]>rUsche expl. Omnis suggestus ; shall brent forth in glorie, they crying, Glorie, glorie, Wachter. It has a common origin with BARTIZAN, and shall be heard but euer glorie, nothing glorie q. v. more." Rollock on 2 Thes. p. 32, 33. V. BRIST. So BREVE, v. a. To write. V. BREIF. BRETH, s. Rage. s. kind of boil. I sec by my shaddow, my simp has the wyte. BREUK, A I in besum that I be ? Quhanie sail bleme this breth, a She had the cauld, but an' the creuk, i. 6. MS. Houlate, The wheezlock, an' the wanton yeuk ; as the On ilka knee she had a breuk. This seems to signify rage ; same with berth, and more Mile aboon Dundee, Edin. Mag. June 1817, p. 238. used by Wyntown ; nearly resembling is with as Su.-G. Isl. braede, praeceps ira, furor. This pro- Apparently the same BRUICK, q. v., denoting bably allied to braad-a, accelerare. a kind of boil. BRETHIR, s. Brother. BREUKIE, s. A cant term for a smith's "Than Marcius Fabius lap on the body of his dede bellows, S. B.

brethir, and said ; I sail outhir returne victoure, or An' maun we part, my guid auld breukie t ellis I sail here end life with brethir Quincius o' neukie my my Maun ye be twin't that lythe Fabius." Bellend. T. Liv. p. 179. Whare ye hae win't sae lang ? A.-S. brether, id. The Blacksmith to his Auld Bellows, &c. Tarras's Poems, p. 128. BRETHIR, BRETHER, *. pi. Brethren. Most probably transferred from the designation given " blacksmith himself. V. BROOKIE. Thir two brethir herand the desyris of the ambas- to the satouris, tuke wageis, and come in Britain with X. 8. Broth, V. BREE. thousand weil exercit and vailyeant men." Bellend. BREW, soup. Cron. B. viii. c. 10. Wyntown, id. BREW-CREESH, s. A term expressive of courtiers first serve "Let God, and syne their prince ; a to a landholder or superior, which and do to their neighbours and brtther as they would duty paid law-deeds. It is still used, be done withal." Pitscottie, p. 143. occurs in old The word is used by R. Brunne, p. 95 : Aberd. Sometimes it is called Brew-tallow. Malde's brether thei war, of Margrete doubter born. This seems to refer to a tax paid for the liberty of Gl. Lancash. "Breether, brothers;" brewing. That such a tax was exacted in burghs, Isl. and Sw. brethren. The A.-S. is breeder, pi. from the following statute : appears" formed differently, gebrothru. Ane Browster quha brewes aill all the yeare, sail and for ane halfe pay to the Provest foure pennies ; s. The name to the thrie times BRETS, pi. given Welsh, yeare twa pennies : and he may brew pay- or ancient in to those and na dewtie. And for the fourt broweat, he sail giue Britons, general ; also, and na mair of as from the the dewtie of ane halfe yeare, (quhither Strath-clyde, distinguished he be man or woman)." Burrow Lawes, c. 39. Scots and Picts. " s. A low Lord Hailes refers to the law of the Scots and BRIBOUR, BRYBOUR, beggarly Brets," as mentioned in an instrument, A. 1304. V. fellow. BREHON. Ane curlorous coffe, that hege-skraper, Wyntown seems to use Brettys as an adj. signifying He sittis at hame quhen that thay baik, the British : That pedder brybour, that scheip-keipar, He tetlis thame ilk ane caik caik. Of langagis in Bretayne sere by Bannatyne Poems, p. 171. st. 7. I fynd that sum tym fyf thare were : Of Breltys fyrst, and Inglis ayne, This word is not expl. by Lord Hailes. Mr. Pinker- and and Peycht, Scot, syne liatyne. ton has observed, that it signifies a thief, N. Maitl. P. Cron. i. 13. 41. V. BARTANE. Gl. how- p. 536. He refers to Tyrwhitt's Tyrwhitt A.-S. Bryt, Brito, Britannus; Brettas, Britones, Lye. ever does not speak with certainty. "In Piers Plough, p. 115. b. a bribour seems to signify a thief; s. fortification. are classed BRETTYS, A as bribors, pilors, and pikeharneis, together ; and still more in 152 : Thai schupe thame stowtly in all by closely Lydg. Trag. Pypys and townnys for to te, "Who saveth a thefe, whan the rope is knet, And dwris and wyndowys gret alsua, With some false turne the bribour will him quite." To mak defens and brettus. He also refers to the passage under'consideration in viii. 26. 233. Wyntown, Bann. P. L. B. ber- bretafhiae, bertesca, bnitesche, bertescha, But this is not the original sense of the word. It is trcKca, bertrescha, brenteschia, breleschia, briteschia, a from Fr. bribeitr, "a beggar, scrap-craver ; also, a " baldrescluie, baltrescha, brisegae, bristegvs. For it occurs to and this from greedy devourer ; briber, beg ; bribe, in all these forms. It denotes wooden towers properly a lump of bread given to a beggar; Cotgr. Briba, or castles : Bretachiae, castella castra et lignea, quibus Ane. MSS. Bullet ; from C. B. briw, brib, a morsel, a oppida muniebantur, Gallis Breteeque, Breteque, a because one fragment ; Hisp. brivar, bribar, beggar, breteches; Du Fabricavit Brestathias Cange. duplices gives a morsel to a beggar. 7 castella videlicet per loca, lignea munitissima, a se It seems to be here used rather in this sense, as circumdata fossis proportionaliterdistantia, duplicibus, more closely with the character of a pontibus versatilibus corresponding interjectis. Guill. Armoricus de miser as there is else in the stanza Gestis ; especially nothing Philippi Aug. A. 1202. Ibid. absolute And as used that implies dishonesty. by Brisegae castellaque lignea surgunt. Dunbar in his Flyting, it conveys no worse idea. Willelm. Brilo, lib. 4. v. 186. 1'hUipp. Ersch brybour baird, vyle beggar with thy brats. Brixieyiw, Spelm. vo. Hurditius. Evergreen ii. 50. Oz BRI [298] BRI

Brybour and beggar are undoubtedly synon. He A.-S. brid is used for chicken, as also S. burd. calls a because a bard to Kennedy beggar, ; alluding Branden and brad seem strictly to have the same the circumstance of bards their receiving support from meaning. Branden may be the part. pret. of A.-S. the of others. V. HEGE-SKEAPKR. urere. The " bounty brinn-an, terms, however, may here be I find that uses the v . as violence. used as that Palsgr. denoting differently ; denoting pullets were served "I I I ; Je bribe. i.e. dressed bribe, pull, pyll [Fr.] Romant, up, both on the gridiron, and on the spit. derobbe. He bribeth, and he polleth, and he gothe to V. BRADE, v., and BIRD. worke : II bribe, il derobbe, il pille, et se met en oeuure." B. iii. F. a. Thus it that 173, appears BRIDAL, s. A Craw's Bridal, the designation Palsgr. viewed the Fr. word as having a worse sense to given a flight of crows, if than Cotgr. very numerous, o. BRIGHT, BRYCHT, a woman, strictly young s. Not understood. dam- as the idea of BRYDE, Perhaps, conveying beauty. sel as in ; Brid boure, for bird. Wallace hyr saw, as he his eyne can cast, the mair this smatcher The prent off luff him puuyeit at the last, Ay gettis, The closser he the So asprely, throuch bewte off that brycht, garris keip yettis ; his bellie and his With gret wness in presence bid he mycht. Feiding bryde, and Wallace, v. 607. MS. Begging borrowing ay besyde. Ley. Bp. St. Andmis, Poems IQth Cent. p. 340. We might view this as the same with A.-S. bryt, a did it not from to be a nymph ; seem, analogy, merely BRIDGES SATINE, satin made at use of the in the same manner as Bruges poetical adj. bright; in Flanders. V. BRUG and BROIG. ancient writers used fre, clere, &c. Gudlye occurs in a similar sense, in the same poem. "Bridges saline, the elne iii I." Rates, A. 1611. Than kissit he this gitdlye with plesance, Syne hyr besocht rycht hartly of quentance. BRIDLAND, part. pr. Ibid. v. MS. 671. The fiend was fow I need scarcely observe that fair in modern E. is At banquet bridland at the beir. used in the same manner. V. FBELY. Watson's Coll. iii. 8. This is of Polwart's some doggerel ; which has no s. loaf of more BRICK, A bread, generally other claim to attention, than the use of a variety of old words that do of fine flour, of an oblong form, S. It is not occur elsewhere. The I can form as to this to bread of different sizes a only conjecture word, is, applied ; as, that it is derived from bridal, q. bridalliug, drinking penny brick, a three-penny brick, a quarter as freely as men do at a bridal. brick, i.e. a quartern loaf. s. The of iron fastened on It seems to have been denominated from its resem- BRIDLE, piece the end of the beam of a to which blance to a brick made of clay ; in the same manner as plough, Fr. brique, id. is also used to denote a plate or wedge the harness is attached, S. A. of metal fashioned like a brick. V. Cotgr. "All ploughs have a rod of iron doubled so as to embrace the beam either s. perpendicularly orhorizontally, BRICK, A breach, S. ; break, Roxb. with four or five holes in that part of it which crosses And when they chance to mak a brick, the point of the beam, in one or other of which the Loud sound their cheers. hawing harness is fixed. This bridle, as it is here called, moves A. Scott's Poems, p. 54. V. next word. upon a strong pin piercing the beam." Agr. Surv. Roxb. p. 50. BRICK OF LAND, apparently a division, a * portion, as distinguished from others. BRIEF, adj. 1. Keen, Upp. Clydes. "All and haill the lands called Wester Caimes, 2. Clever; as, a discourse, a with houses, and brief good sermon; bigings, yeards, parts, pendicles, *' pertinents thairof whatsomever, with the bricks of He gae us a very brief sermon," Ang. lands vnderwritten, viz. that brick of land lyand north To v. n. to and south, consisting of fourtein rigs, with aue other BRIEN, BREIN, Apparently, brick of land, lyand eist and south, consisting of other roar, to bellow, S. B. fourtein &c. Act. Parl. V. vii. 516, No. 96. rigs," p. Wha was aside but auld Tarn Tull ? Ratification of the lands of in favours of Caimes, His Men's mishap he saw, Home of Caimes. George Syne briend like ony baited bull, Teut. braecke and braecke-land denote land that is And wi' a thud dang twa not taken in, or what is lying barren. But it seems To the yird that day. rather from the v. to Break, like Shed of land from Christmas Ba'ing, Skinner's Misc. Poet. p. 124. to divide. A.-S. brie, is word used in the Shed, ruptura.' Briend the Aberd. Ed. A. 1805 ; in the Edin. one of 1809, it is changed to rair'd. BRICKLE, adj. Brittle. Perhaps from Isl. bran-a, audacter ruere (Haldorson), or from more ferri. V. BRAYSE. Dan. "He understood well, that an army being brickie bran-a, caprino brumm-en to roar. like glasse, that sometimes a vaine and idle brute [re- signifies to ruine port] was enough them ; and to breake them, To v. n. To like the bricklest glasse that is." Monro's Exped. P. ii. BRIERD, germinate. " p. 16. V. BRUKYL. Euen as the husband-man after he hes casten the seede in the ground, his eye is on the ground to see BRID, BRIDDE, s. A bird, a pullet. how the corne brierdes: so the Pastor should haue his on his the which he sowes the seede The King to souper is set, served in halle, eye ground vpon of the that his and see it fructifies Briddes branden, and brad, in bankers bright. word, is, flock, how Sir Gawan and Sir Gal. ii. 1. in them," Rollock on 2 Thes. p. 152. V. BREER, i: Bill [299] BUI

to have no character BRIG, BREO, BRYG, s. A bridge, S. A. corresponding with that expressed Isl. fraus unless call ac- Bor. Lancash. by braegd, ; we should into count the tradition of the Shetland fishermen, "that the weile he Corspatryk miss, keyis knew, this shark claps its belly to the bottom of a boat, anil Leit bregyis doun, and portculewi that drew. seizing it with its fins, drags it under water." Edmoii- Wallace, i. 90. MS. stone, ut sup. The brig was doun that the entri suld keine. Ibid. iv. MS. . 226. BRIK, g. Violation of, or injury done to, Scho helped him open his hors ryg, like E. breach. And soue thai come until a bryg. "That sum and Yewaine, Ritson'a E. M. R. i. 77. men women professing monastik lyfe, and vowing virginitie, may efter but bril: of A.-S. Meg, brigge, Su.-G. brygga, Belg. brug. mary conscience." N. Quest. Keith, 228. Wachter mentions briga as a Celtic word, which in Winyet's App. p. A.-S. a as brie, ruptnra, fractio. composition signifies bridge ; Catobriga, pens militaris ; Samarobriga, the bridge of Samara. But, I BRIKCANETYNES, . pi. That kind of suspect, he has mistaken the sense of Ihre briya. armour called views brygga as a diminutive from bro, anc. bru, Brigandines. which has -" the same meaning. Assignis continuacioun of dais to pref that the said Schir Mongo haid the brikcanetynes contenit in BRIG on a hair o' ac a ("BRIG hair, Aberd.], the summondis, & the avale," &c. Act. Dom. Cone. very narrow bridge, S. B. A. 1489, p. 132. V. BREKANE TYNIS. a. The of a fowl. To BRIG, v. a. To throw a bridge over, to BRIL, merry-thought " to a "Os, Bril adei in hac ave bridge ; as, brig burn," Lanarks. quod vulgo appellatur, " cum pectore connexum est, ut nulla vi avelli queat." We had mony to pas, and ane deip water, fpwseis Sibb. Scot. p. 20. brigged with ane single trie, afoir we come to the This is Teut. ossiculum circa castell." Trans, 124. merely bril, specillum ; Bannatyne's p. a similitudine pectus ; specilli dictum ; K ilian. For the same this BRIGANCIE, s. reason bone elsewhere in S. is called /// Robbery, depredation, V. BREELLS. violence. Spectacles. *. Bearberries. V. "To the end he [Bothwell] micht bring his wikit, BRYLIES, pi. BRAW- filthie and execrable attemptat better to pas, he at LIN8. twa houris eftir midnycht or thairby come to the 8. the whortle- lugeing beside the Kirk of Feild, quhar our said BRYLOCKS, pi. Apparently souerane lordis darrest fader wes for the lugeit tyme, berry, or Vaccinium vitis idaea. and thair be way of hame sukkin, brigancie and "Here also are everocks, resembling a strawberry, forthocht fellony, maist vyldlie, vnmercifullie and and brylocks, like a red currant, but sour." treasounablie slew and murtherit him, with Williame Papers Antiq. Soc. Scotl. i. p. 71. Tailleour and Andro M 'aige his cubicularis, quhen as Gael, braoilag, breigh'lac, id. they burijt in sleip wes takand the nichtis rest, brint his haill and rasit the same in the air lugeing foirsaid, BRIM, BRYM, BREME, adj. 1. Raging, swell- be force of pulder, quhilk alitill befoir wes gun placeit to the sea. and be him and his foirsaidis vnder the ing ; applied impute ground " and angular stanis, and within the voltis, laiche and The yeir of God i. M. iiii. c. Ixxxvi. yens, certaine darne partis and placeis thairof to that effect." Acts marchandis wer passand betuix Forth & Flanderis Ja. VI. 1584, Ed. 1814, p. 305. (quhen hastelie come sic ane thud of wynd) that sail, This word is synon. with Fr. brigandage and bri- mast and taikillis wer blawin in the brym seis, throw ganderii; but, in form, is most nearly allied to L. B. quhilk the schip beleuit nod it bot sicker deith." origancii, corresponding with the modern term brigands; Bellend. Cron. B. viii. c. 20. Tumentes undas, Boeth. from briga, Fr. brigue, jurgium, rixa, pugna. Rudd. adopts the derivation of Skinner, from A.-S. bryti, ardor. But Isl. brim, the raging of the sea, s. A S. B. BRIGANER, robber, seems to give the original idea, which is here preserved " ' I did na care to stilp upo' my qucets, for fear o by Bellenden. The Isl. word is thus defined : Aestus the vehementibus littus briganers." Journal from London, p. 6. maris, procellis verberans ; Olai This is Lex. Run. aestuarium evidently from brigand. V. BRAYMEN. Brimsamt, aestuans, brimreid, ; "This Patrick Ger [or M'Gregor, as above] died of Verel. Allied to these are A.-S. brim, brym, sal urn, this the sea friths shot, a notable thief, robber, and briyaner, aequor, mare, ; brymmas saes, the of the sea a or oppressing the people wherever he came, and therefore ; and brimfiod, deluge inundation. This they rejoiced at his death to be quit of sic a limmer." word bears considerable resemblance to Gr. ftpen-u, Spalding, i. 31. Ppc/j.-ao/j.

I can this 4. a either of heat or The only idea form concerning phrase is, Denoting gteat degree in Isl. that it signifies inwardly, q. pectore ; Su.-G. of cold. bring-a, pectus. Vaenti ec at ythur skioti skelk i brimjo ; Vulcanis oistis of brym flambis rede Auguror, metu pectora vestra saucia futura. Heims Spredand on bred, vpblesis euery stede. Kring. Tom. i. 566. Ibid. 330. 48. Brym blastis of the northyn art BRINKIT, part. pa. in his cart. Ouerquhelmyt had Neptunus As blacksmyth brinkit was his pallatt 200. 20. Ibid. For battring at the study. " 20. st. Thus, a brim frost," is still a common phrase for a Bannatyne Poems, p. 7. severe frost, S. B. If this be not, as Lord Hailes conjectures, an error of some transcriber, for bruikit; it may signify bronzed, 5. Bleak, to the weather, Dumfr. exposed blackened with heat; allied to Su.-G. brinna, to burn, Perhaps as originally applied to a place open to the braecka, to roast. sea-breeze. BRYNSTANE, BRYNT-STANE, s. Brim- BRIM, s. A cant term for a trull, Loth. stone, sulphur. The late ingenious and learned Callander of Craig- There followis ane streme of or ane fure, forth, in some MS. notes, under the Su.-G. v. Brumm-a, fyre, lang Castand gret licht about quhare that it schane, fremere, (Ihre, Prooem. xlii.) mentions brim, as signi- Quhill all inuiroun rekit lyke brynt-stane. fying a scold, S. This has most probably been the Doug. Virgil, 62. 14. primary sense. The reason of the transition is obvious. This Skinner derives from A.-S. bryn, incendium, and seu incendiarius. Sw. BRYMLY, adv. Fiercely, keenly. Wall. vii. stone, q. lapis incendii and 995. V. ARTAILYE. braensten, id. from braenn-a to burn, sten, a stone. BRYRIE, s. Lyk bryrie, equivalent to the BRIME, s. Pickle, E. brine; "As saut's vulgar phrase, like daft. brime" as salt as brine, S. For if I open anger anes muria. wp my A.-S. Belg. Fris. bryne has the same sense, is the vhair it My tongue lyk lyons ; liks, But the S. is to A.-S. pronunciation analogous brym, It brings the flesh, lyk Bryrie, fra the banes. salum, Isl. brim, fluctus, brimsalt, valde salsum. Montgomery's Poems, p. 94.

BRIMMIN, part. pr. V. BRUMMIN. BRISKET, BISKET, s. 1. The breast, S. Down the fair wi' kilted To BRYN, BIRN, v. a. To burn. through coats, BRIN, White legs and briskets bare ; Now ga we to the King agayne, Ned's glass had clean'd their face o' motts, That off his wictory wes rycht fayne, An* sorted weel their hair. And gert his men bryn all Bowchane Morison's Poems, p. 15. Fra end till and nane. end, sparyt You crack weel o' your lasses there, ix. 296. MS. Barbmir, Their glancin eeu and bisket bare. Doug. Virgil, 136. 54. Moes-G. Alem. brinn-an, Fergusson's Poems, ii. 113. id. A.-S. burn- Su.-G. brinn-a, Germ, brenn-an, bryne, This seems to have been originally a term of venerie; ing. as applied to the breast of a hart, when broken up : He that undoes BRIN, BRINN, s. A ray, a beam, a flash, him, Doth cleave the the S. B. brisket-\x>ae, upon spoone Of which a little gristle grows, you call it- The gowden helmet will sae glance, The Ravens-bone. And blink wi' skyrin brinns, B. Jonson's Sad Shepherd. That a' his wimples they'll find out, Fan in the mark he shines. 2. It is used obliquely, and perhaps rather arbi- Poems in the Buchan Dialect, 11. p. trarily, for the stomach. i.e. when shining in the dark. V. also p. 29. "Twa wanton glaikit gillies; o'er muckle marth i' an' meldar i' the brusket. Gin I had the s. a cant the back, Cash, money ; term, " BRINDLE, o' I sude tak a out o' their bickers. Aberd. heffing them, staup Perils of Man, i. 55. This term has been derived from Fr. To BRING HAME, or HOME, v. a. To generally brichet, id. But it is probable, that we have the origin to to the E. bring the world, S.; equivalent of the word in Isl. briosk, Sw. bnisk, gristle, because this is v. to bring forth. part generally cartilaginous. The word in E. denotes "the breast of an animal." "In the meane our tyme Margaret, young queine, It bears this sense also in S. and is sometimes corr. broucht home ane sone." Pitscottie's Cron. 256. p. called briskin. BRINGLE-BRANGLE, s. A confused very s. The name given to Torsk, Lanarks. BRISMAK, bustle, our Tusk, in Shetland. A reduplicative term, of which Brangill, v. ors., may "The torsk, often called the tusk and brismac, is be viewed as the origin. the most valued of all the cod kind, and, when dried, a considerable article of commerce it is to BRINK. To BRINK. forms ; only be found in the north of Scotland." Ess. Highl. Soc. Ganhardin seighe that sight, iii. 15. And sore him Ban adrede, Brosme Tusk." To brink; "Gadus (Linn, syst.) Brismac, Edmonstone's Zetl. ii. 309. "To sle thou wilt me lede. is an Isl. word. Brosma not To Beliagog me think." This originally only of flounders Sir Tristrem, p. 170. signifies, foetura pleuronectum, or the fry ; BRI [301] BRI

but is also rendered, Gadus dorso dipterygio, expl. in This name seems to have been given to these stones of Haldorson. from Bristol in Dan. en art Torsk, a species Torsk ; England, whence this species had been Hallager, in his Norw. Onlsamling, expl. Brosme, "a brought. For St. Vincent's, a steep rock on the banks of the in its species of fish," (en artjisk). Avon, vicinity, "abounds so with dia- monds," as Camden expresses himself, "that one may BRISSAL, adj. Brittle. Gl. Sibb. fill bushels with them/' Brit. i. 87. The vulgar in this country, in designing the stone, Fr. bresiU-er, briser, mettre en ; Gl. rompre, pieces retain the true of the name city ; A.-S. BrUU-stow, i.e. Roquefort. " " the illustrious" or celebrated place." Alem. bruzzi, fragilitas; Otfrid. BRITH, s. A term left for explanation by s. A BRISSEL-COCK, turkey-cock. Mr. Pinkerton. It seems to mean wrath or "There was of meats, wheatbread, mainbread and with contention. ginge-bread ; fleshes, beef, mutton, lamb, veal, Schir that for the rude venison, goose, grice, capon, coney, cran, swan, par- Gawyne, graith ye gait, gnde ; duck, drake, brissel-cock and Is nane sa bowsum ane berne, brith for to bynd. tridge, plover, " pawnies, (Juwan ana Got. i. 10. black-cock and muir-fowl, capercailies. Pitscottie, p. 146. i.e. to restrain rage. This perhaps denotes a turkey, because of its rough Su.-G. braede, anger; brigd, controversy; brigd-a, and in the same manner as the to to bristly appearance ; litigate ; bry-a, agitate. Friezland hen is vulgarly called a burry hen, from burr, s. The of the rough head of a plant, or Fr. bourrti, hairy. BRITHER, vulgar pronunciation Or Brissfl may be viewed as a corr. of Brasil. For Brother, S. V. FOISTERT. the Turkey, according to Pennant, "was unknown to the ancient naturalists, and even to the old world To BRITHER, v. a. 1. To match, to find an before the of America. It was a bird pe- discovery equal to, Lanarks. culiar to the new continent. The first birds of this kind must have been brought from Mexico, whose 2. To initiate one into a society or corporation, was A. D. 1521." This suppo- conquest completed, sometimes by a very ludicrous or filthy pro- sition, that it mutt have been from Mexico, brought S. is solely founded on the circumstance of its being cess, "first seen in France, in the reign of Francis I., and To BRITHER DOWN, v. a. To in in England, in that of Henry VIII." As this bird accompany swallowed to in brother- is by the French called Coif d' Inde, from the general being ; q. go down name to it is not that given America, improbable by hood, Ayrs. some it might be denominated the Brasil-cock, or as Thick nevel't scones, beer-meal, or pease, the name of the country is written in Fr. and Belg. To brither down a shave o' cheese, Bresil ; as this was discovered as as A. country early I'd rather hae, &c. or 1500. Thus in Holland Bresilian is 1499, peper, Picken's Poems, 1788, p. 63. equivalent to Piper Indicum : Kilian, Append. Or our forefathers might be first made acquainted with To BRTTTYN, BRYTEN, BRETYN, v. a. 1. this fowl the medium of through Portugal. To break down, in whatever way. Brelynit doune braid wod maid bewis full bair. To BRISSLE, v. a. To broil, &c. V. Oawan and Gul. ii. 13. BlRSLE. It might signify, "Broad wood broken down made &c. But braid wod is an error for To BRIST, BRYST, v. n. To burst. boughs, probably brayiie wod. V. Kin;, . Solynus sayis, in Brettany sa 2. kill both to man and beast. Sum steddys growys habowndanly To ; applied Of that sum tym, than- fe gyrs, [but] Ye haif our oxin reft and slane, Fra fwlth of mete refrenyht be, Sryttnyt our sterkis, and young beistis mony ane. Thair fwde sail turne thame to peryle. Doug. Virgil, 76. 5. To rot, or bryst, or dey sum quhyle. Feil thare was doun, Wyntown, i. 13, 14. corpis brytnit Be Turuus wappinnis and his dartis fell. Sone as Turnus has him inclusit sene, Ibid. 296. 1. Ane glowaud new light bristis from his ene. " Rudd. not renders it to but to sacrifice Doug. Virgil, 304. 22. only kill, ;" while he overlooks the primary sense. I have not ob- Brest is also used, q. v. Isl. brest-a, Dan. brist-er, served that it is ever used as properly denoting sacrifice. frangi, rumpi, cum fragore (crepitu) dissilire; Gl. Edd. As it primarily signifies to break down, it is transferred It is there said that all the words of this form and sig- to the act of killing. For as a tree is said to be felled, nification are from briot-a, fraugere, to break. Perhaps, when broken down by the ax, because deprived of bryss-a, fervide aggredi, to come on with ardour, may life ; it is an extension of the same idea have as good a claim. vegetable only to apply it to the destruction of animal life. It is also written V. BERTYNIT. BRISTOW, adj. The designation given in bertyn. A.-S. bryt-an, Su.-G. bryt-a, Isl. briot-a, frangere.- former times, to the white crystals set^in a. friable. rings, &c. To BRITTLE, v. To render " Early in the spring harrow it, to mix the clay s. A of this S. BRISTOW, crystal kind, brought to top (which will be brittled by the winter "Mr. Buchanan of Greenock, author of the "Walks frosts) with the ashes, and any moorish earth that re- by Clyde," has transmitted to Mr. Walter Scott the mained unburnt; then cross-plow it." Maxwell's Sel. of brooch Rob Roy's wife, the Scottish Amazon. Its Trans, p. 109. circle appears to be of silver, studded with what was This v. seems formed from the E. adj. brittle ; origi- once the vogue, brintow." Edin. Ev. Cour. 22d Oct. nally from A.-S. brytt-an, Su.-G. bryt-a, britt-a, Isl. 1818. briot-a, to break. BRI [302] BRO

BRITTLE-BRATTLE, s. Hurried motion, To BROCHE, v. a. To prick, to pierce. a Lanarks. causing clattering noise, V. -Thir knychtis rydis, BKATTYL. Wyth spurris brocheand the fomy stedis sydis. Doug. Virgil, 197. 46. BBITUEE, Houlate iii. 8. is in Bannatyne This is evidently the same with E. broach, although used in a sense. As the word is of Fr. MS. brit we, and Ena is Eua. The passage peculiar origin, this is a Fr. idiom. Brocher un to a should be cheval, spur horse, printed, properly to strike him hard with the spurs. V. Cotgr. Haile altare of Eua in ane brit urel Hence, i.e. "altar of Eve in a bright hour." s. 1. It is part of an address made to the Virgin Mary. BROCHE, A spit. Ane Duergh braydit about, besily and bane, To 13. a. To bruise. V. BIRSE. BRIZE, Small birdis on broche, be ane brigh fyre. Oawan and Got. i. 7. To v.a. 1. To S. BRIZZ, press, A. Bor. broach, id. It has the same signification in 0. E. 2. To S. V. v. bruise, BIKSE, ' ' Item, v brochis, a pere of rackes, iij brandardes, i j of of & To BROACH, v. a. To rough-hew. Broach- per cobberds, iij pot-hangings, iij pere hoekes, a rack of xx s. Henr. VIII. ed stones are thus from aishler iron, Inventory, temp. distinguished penes W. Hamper, Esq. Birmingham. or S. V. v. polished work, BROCHE, BROACH, " 2. A narrow piece of wood or metal to sup- BROACH, s. Apparently, some sort of flag- port the stomacher," Gl. Sibb. on or tankard. The o'er his shoulder his 3. wooden on which is S. herd-boy flings plaid ; A pin yarn wound, His broach and his side luggy dangling by ; "The women call that a brooch An', frae the theekit biggin takes his way (rather Unto the wattl'd fold. David. Seas., p. 59. broche) on which they wind their yarn," Gl. " Brochia (in ancient Latin Deeds) a great can or Rudd. pitcher ;" Phillips. Fr. broc, "a great flagon, tankard, Hir womanly handis nowthir rok of tre, or. ;" Du mentions L. B. brochia, pot Cotgr. Cange Ne spyndil vsit, nor brochis of Minerve, to Ital. a a referring brocca, pitcher, water-pot. Quhilk in the craft of claith makyng dois serve. BROAD-BAND. V. BRAID-BAND. Doug. Virgil, 237. b. 18. also, 293. 40. This word is evidently the same with Fr. broche, a BROAKIT. V. BROOKED. spit. Du Cange views this as derived from, or at least as the same with, L. B. broccae, brochae, wooden *. 1. to a BROAKIE, A designation given cow needles, a term used in the twelfth century. Arm. brochtn a from to trans- that has a face variegated with white and signifies spit ; broch-a, pierce, Lye, Add. Jun. Etym. vo. Broach. black, S. figere. 4. narrow iron in the 2. Also to a person whose face is streaked with A pointed instrument, in dirt, S. form of a chisel, used by masons hewing also called a S. stones ; puncheon, Hence, BROAKITNESS, s. The state of being varie- gated with black and white spots or streaks; To BROCHE, BROACH, v. a. To indent the applied in both the senses mentioned above, S. surface of a stone with this instrument, S. When a broader tool is used, it is said to be BROBLE, s. A short piece of wood with a droved. Both are contrasted with jag or sharp point on each end, to keep operations or horses asunder in ploughing; also called a 'polishing, complete dressing. ; Berwicks. boiled to a Hiddiegiddie BROCHAN, s. (gutt.) Oat-meal This is a diminutive from A. Bor. to evidently brob, consistence somewhat thicker than gruel, S. prick with a bodkin. V. BRUB. It differs from crowdie, as this is oat-meal s. first elements or BROCARD, The maxims stirred in cold water. of the law an old forensic term. ; Brochan is much used in the Highlands and Islands, "Alledged, He was minor, and so noil tenetur pla- both as meat and as medicine: citare super haereditate paterna. Answered, The bro- "When the cough affects them, they drink brochan meets this in which is oat-meal and water boiled card not, being only conquest persona plentifully ; toge- patris, and so not Tiaereditas paterna." Fountainhall, ther, to which they sometimes add butter." Martin's i. 243. West. Isl. p. 12. Fr. brocard, L. B. brocard-um, Hisp. brocardico, juris "O'er miekle cookery spills the brachan;" Ramsay's brockan. axioma ; C'arpentier. S. Prov. p. 57. Leg. is allied "a dish Brauyhwham, Lancash., probably ; s. "A narrow of BROCH, BROTCH, piece made of cheese, eggs, bread, and butter, boiled toge- wood or metal to support the stomacher ;" ther." Gl. Grose. C. B. a an ob- Gael, brochan, pottage, also, gruel ; bryhan, Gl. Sibb. S. A. and O. ; apparently sort of flummery. use of Fr. broche, a This word lique spit. Mr. Lloyd writes the C. B. word brwkhan ; Ray's in O. Fr. is synon. with baton. Collect, p. 123. BRO [303]

With BROGUE, BRUCHE, BROACH, s. 1. A chain eructnvit cor meum, He hosted thair a hmle full fra of a him. gold, sort of or ornament worn St. bulla, Ley. Bp. Androia, Poems 16 Cent. p. 318. on the breast. C. B. broch, spuma. This seems originally the game The bruche of gold, or chene loupit in ringis with BRAKING, q. v. About thare hala doun to thare breistis hingis. Doug. Viratt, 146. 21. To BROCK. V. BROK. It pectore suiumo Flexilis obtorti per collum ciroulus auri. BROOKED, BROAKIT, adj. Variegated, v. 558. Virg. a mixture of black and S. It is also applied to the ornament put on a horse's having white, chest: A cow is said to be broakit, that has black For euery Troiano perordour thare the Kyng spots or streaks, mingled with white, in her With purpour houssouris bad ane cursoure bryng, face, S. B. Tliare brusit trappouris and patrellis reddy boun, With goldin briichis hang from thare breistis doun. "The greatest ^>art of them [sheep] are of the Gallo- Ibid. 215. 25. way breed, having black or bracked faces, and their wool is coarse." P. Edderachylis, Sutherl. Statist. 2. A fibula, a a S. clasp, breast-pin, Ace. vi. 285. V. BRANDED. broches of Large silver, of a circular form, and often This seems the meaning of the term, as applied to nicely embossed, are worn by the better sort of High- oats, S. B. landers, for their before. "Some but if fastening plaids bracked, little, any, small oats are now "M'Dougal of Lorn had nearly made him [K. Rob. raised." P. Rathen, Aberd. Statist. Ace. vi. 17. Bruce] prisoner. It is said that the silver broach, which Su.-G. brokug, brokig, parti-coloured ; Ir. breach, fastened his was left on the and is in plaid field, the speckled ; Gael, brucach, speckled in the face, Shaw. of a ' ' possession descendant of M'Dougal's." Muses I find that the phrase, brockedoati, denotes the black Threnodie, Note, p. 58. and white growing promiscuously." Gl. Surv. Nairn. This word occurs in : B. Glouc. p. 489 By mistake the term is printed brokil for brokit. Vor broches, & & al so r ringis, yimmes ; THE BRUE o THE BRUCKIT And the calls of the wewed me ssolde ther to. EWES, a metaphor, i.e. For paying the ransom of Richard I. broches, phrase for mutton-broth, S. and even the chalice of the altar were " rings, gems, We drank other's health with the broe of the bruckrf sold. Hearne has not understood the rightly term. ewes, we brought from boughts of the German boors." For he renders fine it, "very and beautiful pyramids J. Falkirk's 8. Jokes, p. of Gl. The is gold," word used by Chaucer : Dan. broged, parti-coloured ; also speckled, grisled. And eke a broche (and that was little need) That Troilus' was, she gave to Diomede. BROCKLIE, adj. Brittle. V. BROUKYLL. Troilus and Creseide. a. 1. A board, flat of Tyrwhitt says that this "seems to have signified BROD, any plat piece the originally tongue of a buckle or clasp, and from wood, a lid, S. A. Bor. breid, a shelf or thence the buckle or clasp itself." Here he apparently refers to Fr. board, Ray. broche, a spit, as the origin. But Isf. " bratz When that utheris was to kiss a signifies Jibttla, Su.-G. braz, from Isl. brtts-a, to compellit painted fasten brodde, which callit Nostre war not together. Teut. broke, broocke, breucke, bulla, they Dame, they monile preassed efter ones." Kuox's Hist. 83. torques, ; which Kilian derives from brock-en, p. "To ressave the rebellis names within thair broock-en, pandare, incurvare. Gael, broiside, a clasp; schirrefdome fra the officiar executour of broisde, a brooch, Shaw. It seems doubtful, however, the lettres, caus thame whether these words may not have been introduced be copyit and affixt vpoun ane brod, and into the Gael, from some the samyn brod hung up daylie fra the sone rysinz to Goth, dialect as both ' ; appear "---- ' " " the at thair mercat to be unknown to the Ir. Neither Lhuyd nor Obrien dounsetin, croce." Acts Ja. VI. mentions 1598, Ed. 181 174. them. Lhuyd, indeed, when giving the p. different Ir. terms inserts in a signifying fibula, paren- 2. Transferred to an escutcheon on which arms thesis (Soot, brant). He seems to mean the Scottish are dialect of the Irish, or what is commonly called Oaelic. blazoned. " Other abuses in hinging of pensils and brods, affix- BROCHIT, part. pa. Stitched, sewed. of honours and " ing arms, hath crept in. Inhibites the rest of blak Item, velvot brochit with gold, them to hing pensils or brods, to affixe honours or arms, contening ten ellis and a quarter." Inventories, A or to make any such like monuments, to the honour or 147. 1561, p. remembrance of any deceased person, upon walls, or Fr. "to stitch broch-er, grossely, to set, or sowe with other places within the kirk, where the public worship stitches of (great) ;" Cotgr. God is exercised." Acts Ass. 1

" I to asse in sa far as 1 Also is to at the or at may be comparit the dul am ; "It hard sing brod, kick the compellit to bayr ane importabil byrdyng, for I am prick;" Ferguson's S. Prov. p. 21. The sense seems dung and broddit to gar me do & to thole the thing to require fling instead of sing. that is abuif my pouer." Compl. S. p. 190. It is used, rather in a neut. sense, in a beautiful 2. A stroke with any sharp-pointed instru- address to the Nightingale, extracted from Mout- ment, S. gomerie's MS. Poems : "Ane ox that repungnis the brod of his hird, he Yit thou seis sillie saikles ! thoght not, thing gettis doubil broddis, & he that misprisis the correc- The peircing pykis brod at thy breist. bony tione of his preceptor, his correctione is changit in Even so am I by plesur lykwyis preist, rigorous punitione." Compl. S. p. 43. In gritest danger quhair I most delyte. Chron. S. P. iii. 495. 3. An incitement, instigation. It occurs in Sir Cauline, a tale most probably of the In this sense it is applied to the Cumaean Sibyl : North countrte : On sic wyse Apollo hir refrenis, Upon Eldrige hill there groweth" a thorne, Bridellis hir sprete, and as him lest constrenis, UpJpon the mores brodinge. From hyr hart his feirs brod withdrawyng. i. 35. Percy's Rdiques, Doug. Virgil, 166. 22. Stimulus, Virg. " Prickling," Gl. "I am seho that slew kyng Fergus with my cursit handis this last nycht be impacience of ire & lust, as to 2. To pierce, so produce an emission of quhilkis ar two maist sorrowful broddis aiming wemen." Bellend. Chron. B. ix. c. 29. Amarissimis air, S. stimulis, Boeth. V. the v. "We had, in the afternoon, wholsom food, but in a

fine dress : Good Lord, his heart with " very airy pierce BRODDIT STAFF, a staff with a sharp point the compunction of a broken law, and fright him with terror at the Gl. Sibb. Also called a the of the curses thereof ; Good Lord, brod him, extremity," and let the wind out of make him like his father is him, ; pike-staff, S. This the same with broggit- otherwise he will be a sad grief of heart to many." staff. V. BROG. Walker's Passages, p. 11. The allusion apparently to the custom, still occa- s. Loth. sionally used, of piercing the belly of a cow that is in BEOD, Brood, breed, of from too much wet clover. danger bursting eating A.-S. brod, proles, from bred-ait, fovere. Hence, C. B. brath-u, to prick, bratha, a prick. Dan. brod, a At stikke med to sting, prick. brodden, prick. BROD-HEN, s. A hen that hatches a brood of chickens. 3. To pierce, used metaph., S. Hir best brod hen callit Lady Pekle pes. His words they brodit like a wumil, ColMbie Sow, v. 846. Frae ear to ear. Fergusson's Poems, ii. 82. BEODYRE, BRODIR, s. A brother; pi. 4. stimulate to the To incite, to ; applied mind. bredir, bredyre. Iny's brodyre Inglis gat. How oft rehersis Austyne, cheif of clerkis, Wyntown, ii. 10. 72. In his grete volume Of the cietS of God, This and Hundreth versis of Virgil, qnhilkis he markis Brennyus Belyne ware Aganis Bomanis, to vertew thame to brod. Bredyre Ibid. iv. 9. 20. Doug. Virgil, 159. 22. Isl. brodur, pi. breeder. This Rudd. derives from A.-S. brord, punctus. But it is more immediately allied to Su.-G. brodd, id. s. A S. aculeus Isl. the of an BRODIR-DOCHTER, niece, cuspis, ; brodd, point arrow ; Fra dowchtris sometimes the arrow itself, a javelin, any pointed piece hys bntdyre away of iron or steel All thare herytage than tuk he. ; brydd-a, pungere ; bridde, cuspidem Wyntown, viii. 28. 36. acuo, et apto, G. Andr. p. 37. brodd-gcir, pointed Ir. Brodir-son or and are used in arms, Verel. bruid, pricked or pointed ; Ir. Gael. brother-son, sister-son, the manner and brother-bairn for S. brod-am, to spur, to stimulate ; Arm. brut, Ir. brod, a same ; cousin, goad-prick, a sting. Nevw for til have wudon, Is nowthir brodyr na syster sone. BROD, ERODE, s. 1. A sharp-pointed instru- Ibid, viii 3. 112. ment as the used to drive Edgare brodyr swne for-thi ; goad oxen for- hys Tuk this Donald dyspytwsly, ward, S. And hard demaynyd his persown. Ibid. 6. 72. Bot gyve a man wald in thame thryst A scharpe brode, or than wald styke Modyrfadyr, grandfather by the mother's side. In-to thai a sergis scharpe pryke, That Jhon befor thane, the schyr Cumyn Quhare mycht hawe entr6 ; ayre That hyr modyrfadyr wes, Swa thai be. slokynyd mycht lychtis It awcht, and syne he deyd swnles. vi. 14. 71. Wyntown, Ibid. 6. 297. Hence the S. Prov. "Fling at the brod was ne'er a Til succede in-til his sted, na good ox." Kelly, p. 107. He properly explains it, Noucht bredyr, bredyr barnys ar, "goad." In this sense the term is still used by old Bot in thare greis ar ferrare. Ibid. 4. 47. people. same sense it is said ' ' is niece In the ; He was never a This certainly a Sw. idiom. Brorsdotter, ; " that at the brod S. the children of a good aver, flung ; Prov. Spoken brorson, nephew ; brorsbarn, brother; of them who spurn at reproof, or correction, whom bror, contr. from brorder; moderfader, contr. mor- calls side Solomon brutish ; Kelly, p. 168. fader, grandfather by the mother's ; Wideg. i: li o [305] BRO

BROD MALE, BRODMELL. This has been BRODYKYKNIS, s. pi. The same with generally explained, as by Rudd., "brood, Brottekins, q. v., signifying buskins or half- offspring," boots. Still used in this sense, Aberd. " That Chene sail restore Vndcr aiie aik fynilis into that stede Henrj twa lokis, price of a of a Ane grete sow ferryit Arises thretty hede, xvj d., pare brodykynnis, speit [spit] price vj s., Ligging on the ground milk quhite, al quhite trod male, a pare tayngis & a goune price xx s." Act. Dom. Alxmt hir pappis soukaud. Cone. A. 1492, p. 287. 81. 16. Doug. Virgil, In this act there is no great regard to order in the Hvr quhyte brodmdl about hyr pappis wound. classification of the articles. Ibid. 241. 11. "Lindsay mentions broditins, or a kind of half- I have met with nothing in any etymological work, boots." Pink. Hist. ii. 434. that tends to elucidate the meaning, or direct to the BRODINSTER, s. An em- origin, of this word. Brod male being used by Doug, BRODINSTARE, for translating nati ; at first view, the term might broiderer. seem to denote "male as if all the offspring," thirty "Certane werklumes for ane brodinttare ;" Coll. grise* had been boar-p'igs. But I suspect that it rather Inventories, A. 1578, p. 238. forth or littered at one time," from signifies, "brought "Item, ten single blankettis quhilkis servit the A.-S. brod, incubans, Teut. brod-en, proles, brodige, beddis of the brodinsters, wrocht the or 0. quha upoun great incubare ; and A.-S. Teut. mad, tempus ; Germ. pece of broderie." Ibid. p. 140 mael, censors, socius ; whence ee-ghe-mael, conjunx, It appears from this notice, that besides the maids Kilian. of honour, or ladies of the court, females were occa- sionally hired for the purpose of embroidering in the BKOD sow. A sow that has a litter. palace. V. BROWDINSTAK. Thou sowked syne a sweit brod sow, Amang the middings many a year. BROE, s. Broth, soup; the same with Breu\ Poltoart, Watson's Coll. iii. 8. The auld runt, Wi' boiling broe, John Ploughman brunt. s. 1. A hen BEODMOTHEK, BRODSMOTHER, Taylor's S. Poems, p. 26.

that has hatched chickens ; the first is the To BROG, v. a. To pierce, to strike with a pron. of Angus, the second of Loth. sharp instrument, S. Hence which is mentioned a 2. Metaph. applied to a female who is the broggit itaff, as substi- tute for an axe, in the enumeration of the different mother of a family. If one be about to be pieces of armour with which yeomen should be pro- married to a husband, who has children vided. by " The that is na na can not draw a a former wife, when it is supposed that she yeman, archear, bow, sail haue a souir hat for his and a has not the in a gude heid, qualities requisite step-mother, doublet of fence, with sword and bucklar, and a gude it is commonly said, "She'll mak an ill brod- axe, or els a broggit slafe." Acts Ja. I. 1429. c. 135. edit. 1566. mother ;" Ang. Thus it is said of a broody He stert till ane " She's a brodsmotlier" Loth. broggit itatif, hen, gude Wincheand as he war woode. PMii to the Play, st 13. to " BRODDIT AITIS, supposed be the same D'ye think I was born to sit here bragging an with bearded oats. elshin through bend leather, when sic men as Duncan Forbes, and that other Arniston chield there, without " In the actionn for the wrangwiss spoliatioun, muckle greater parts than my sell, maun be presidents and fra the said M.ik - away taking, withhalding Elyss and king's advocates nae doubt, and wha but they ?" wif of LXVI bolle of clene broddit coulay's aitii, the Heart Mid. Loth. i. 110. lordis decretis that the saidis persounis sail restore, The term prog-sta/ is now used in the same sense, deliuer, & the saidis LXVI bollis of clene gif again q. v. The provincial E. phrase, to brog, seems to have broddit ailis to the said or the avale of " Elizabeth, the same origin. There are two ways of fishing for thaim." Act. Audit. A. 63. 1478, p. eels, call'd bragging, one with a long pole, line, and As vSu.-G. brodd denotes the first spire of grain, as the other the hook and on plummet ; by putting worm well its that is and S. broddit any thing sharp-pointed ; a small stick, and thrusting it into holes where the what has a the signifies sharp point ; perhaps phrase, eels lye ;" Gl. Lancash. clene broddit might be applied to oats, or to any other pointed grain, as intimating that the proof of its good- BROG,S. 1. A pointed instrument; such as an ness in on its and not part depended being dean, awl, S. husky, at the points. 2. A job with such an instrument, S. BRODERRIT, part. Embroidered. pa. This term is also used to denote the small instru- " Item, ane gown of cramasy sating, broderrit on the ment used by carpenters, for making punctures in self with threidis of gold, of the Franche fassoun, with wood, to prevent the nails from splitting it ; called thrie buttonis on ilk sleif ennamelit, and lynit with "entering wi' the brog," S. A. luterdis." Inventories, A. 1542, p. 80. In E. this is designed by tradesmen a brad-awl. A. Fr. to embroider Bor. brod-er, ; whence brodeur, an em- "brogs, small sticks." Grose. broiderer. Su.-G. border-a, acupingere. V. BKOD, v. BROG, BROGUE, *. A coarse and light kind BRODIE, s. The fry of the rock-tangle, or of shoe, made of horse-leather, much used Hettle coddling, Fife. by the Highlanders, and by those who go to A.-S. E. brood. brod, proles, shoot in the hills, S. Pz BRO [306] BRO

' ' " There were also found upwards of ten thousand You are also to examine the house-store of flesh old brogues, made of leather with the hair on." Dal- and meal, and likewise the wool, stockings, yarn, all rymple's Ann. II. 293. webs, &c., and inquire how they came by these ; From the description, these were what are more and if they cannot give you a satisfying account there- properly called rough ruUions. of, and brough and hamble, you are to inform against Brogues, as they were made about eighty years ago, them." Instructions for Rancelmen, Surv. Shetland, are otherwise defined. 8. " App. p. The poor men are seldom barefoot in the town, but I see no other sense it can properly bear save that wear brogues, a sort of pumps without heels, which of suretyship. From the use of Itamble in Shetland, it keep them little more from the wet and dirt than if is most reasonable to view our hammer as a corr. from they had none, but they serve to defend their feet from the lapse of time. Hamble seems to be merely Dan. the gravel and stones." Hurt's Letters, i. 86. heimmel, "authority, a voucher, a title," Wolff; Isl. are for titulus They reckoned peculiarly adapted travelling heimilld, auctoritas, jus, possessions ; Sw. ' ' through the grounds of the Highlands. hemul, the satisfaction which he who sells an article ' ' mossy I was harass'd on this slough, by winding about which he has no legal right to dispose of, must give in my heavy boots with high heels, which, by my the buyer, when the right owner claims the property," spring, when the little hillocks were too far asunder, Wideg. Thus the phrase signifies, "proof of rightful broke the turf. But to my guide it seem'd nothing; possession." It is highly probable, indeed, that our he was light of body, shod with flat brogues, wide in vulgar phrase is a corr. of the old forensic one, Borgh the soles, and accustomed to a particular step, suited of hamliald, from the sense of which there is only a to the occasion." Ibid. ii. 31. slight deviation. V. HAMALD, HAM-HALD. This entertaining and intelligent writer describes shoes "made of leather with the hair on," under an- To BROGLE, BROGGLE, v. a. To prick, other name. V. QUARKANT. Loth.; synon. Brog, Job. Ir. and Gael, brog signifies a shoe. Whitaker ima- that the received its name from Celt, gines brogue brae, To BROGLE, BROGGLE, v. n. 1. To persist in like the rest of their parti-coloured, being variegated ineffectual to strike a in- i. attempts pointed dress ; Hist. Manch. 128. But this is quite fanciful. Others have derived it from broc, a badger, it being strument into the same place, Lanarks. said that were made of the skin of brogues anciently This word, as used in Clydes., implies the idea of this animal. Dr. Ledwich seems inclined to partly unsteady motion in the agent that pricks, so as not to deduce it from Su. -G. stratum which Ihre bro, aliquod, touch the point that is aimed at. gives as the primary signification of bro, a bridge, whence Mod. Sw. brygga, id. 2. To fail in doing any piece of work in which one to be unable to finish engages ; properly BROGH, s. BROGH AND HAMMER, BROGH what one has Berwicks. " begun ; Selkirks. AND HAMMEL. Ye maun bring brogh and 3. v. a. To to to ibid. hammer for't," i.e. you must bring proof for botch, bungle, spoil, Loth. it, To BROGLE v. a. To to up, patch, vamp ; is the Lanarks. When one, to shoes Roxb. to Brugh pronunciation, applied ; q. cobble, or in a market, purchases any goods, which, from the work by means of an awl or sharp-pointed price or from other circumstances, he suspects have instrument. been stolen, he asks the seller to gie him brugh and hammer o' them; i.e. to give him satisfactory evidence s. An ineffectual that he came honestly by them. BROGLE, BROGGLE, attempt "This sort of caution," says the learned Spottis- to strike a pointed instrument into a particular woode, "is still in use in fairs and markets, especially place, Lanarks. in buying of horses from strangers, and in the country dialect is termed and from Burgh Hammer, corrupted BROGGLER, s. 1. The person who makes this borge in heymel." Vo. Borgh of Hamehald. He views ineffectual ibid. heymel as a Saxon word, denoting the birth-place of attempt, the seller. 2. A bad tradesman, a bungler, Selkirks. The phrase has been originally used to denote legal in relation to first seems to be a from the security, especially suretyship ; the Brogle merely frequentative word being evidently the same with our borch, borgh, v. to Brog, to pierce. a surety. I am assured by a gentleman, who has long " s. A a S. filled the highest diplomatic stations on the continent, BROGUE, hum, trick," that, in the north of Germany, he has often heard the Ye cam to Paradise incog, And on man a cursed phrase, burg und emmer, or one very like it, used in a played brogue be fa similar sense. Although satisfied that burg denotes a (Black your !) Burns, iii. 74. surety, he does not recollect the sense of the latter term. Isl. broyd, astus, stratagemata, Verel. briyd, id. In Aberd. it is pronounced Brogh an/3, HammM, and s. A understood as signifying good or sufficient proof. BROG-WORT, BROUG-WORT, species To this the following passages, in the extracts trans- of mead, the same with Bragwort, Fife. mitted from Aberd. Reg. seem to refer : "He auch to keip him skaithles of the saidis kow BROICE. & & and hammald of the stirk, fynd hyme borgh Speaking of Arthur, Barbour says : samyn." Cent. 16. Bot yeit, for all his gret valour, In another "To find him borcht

It is certainly Broite in MS., the c and t being writ- BROK, s. Use. ten in the same manner. Harbour refers, cither to "For the brok and proffit of the said v be the Wace's Le Brut; or more probably to the poem written ky said thre yeris, ilk kow a calf furth cumand gude, &c. by himself, under the name of The Unite, or Broyt, And for the proffite of the brok of the said ix score of containing the history of the fabulous Brutus the pre- 4c. Item, for the brok & of the said tended father of the Britons. This work Wyntown scheip, proffit four skore of yowis," &c. Act. Dom. Cone. A. 1492, mentions in different parts of his Cron. V. Mr. p. 289. Pinkerton's Pref. to The Bruce, p. xix. xx. "Gif ony man oblisses him to pay to ane pupill BKOICH, BKOIOII, (gutt.) s. A broigh of heat, ane certane sowme of money, as for his portioun a fume, a state of natural fallin to him throw deceis of his father, and complete perspiration, bindis and oblissis him to suslene and in the Lanarks. Perths. uphald mene time the said pupil honestlie in all necessaris, with v. his and revenue of the said Synon. Brothe, q. ; but of a different origin. upon brot, principal sowme, For, like many words m this district, Brokh retains without diminutioun of ony part thairof, the obliga- tiouu is sufficient undoubted marks of its Cumbrian origin. C. B. broch, and uawayis usurie." A. 1562, Bal- four's Pract. 533. spuma, foam, froth. Broch-i, to funie ; Owen. p. A.-S. broce, Teut. broke, bruyk, ghe-bruyk, id. V. BROIG. V. BAIKIN. BKUIK. "Item, the covering of the sacrament house with ane antipend for the Lady's altar, of blew and yellow BROK, BROCK, BROKS, . 1. Fragments of broig satin." Inventory of Ecclesiastical Vestments, of any kind, especially meat ; S. A. 1559. Hay's Scotia Sacra, p. 189. The kaill ar Denominated, perhaps, from the place whence it was soddin, And als the laverok is fust and loddin imported, which might be Bruges, Teut. Brugyt, in ; " When ye half done tak hame the brok. Flanders. For as Venice was the grand seat of trade Bannatyne Poems, p. 160, st. 10. between Asia and Europe, so Bruges in Flanders was "I neither stock nor i.e. S. tlie commercial link, which connected the merchandize got brock," offals, Prov., neither nor meat. 211. of Venice, and the south of Europe, with its northern money Kelly, p. countries." Pink. Hist. Scot. i. 116. 2. Trash, refuse ; Fife. To v. n. To be in a of BROIGH, fume heat ; Moes-G. ga-brtiko, Alem. brucfi, id. Hence also be in a Germ, brocke, a to state of violent perspiration, and fragment. Lanarks. V. from which panting; Brothe, To BROK, BROCK, v. a. To cut, crumble, or it is probably corr. fritter any thing into shreds or small par- S. To BROIK, BROUK, v. a. To possess, to cels, formed as enjoy, S. Apparently a frequentative from break ; if not immediately from the . "The said Andro sail broik. & joise the said tak of the saidis landis for all the dais of his life." Act. BROKAR, . A bawd, a Dom. Cone. A. 1480, p. 52.. pimp. Of brukaris and sic how suld I write 1 A.-S. bruck-a.ii, Teut. bruyclc-en, frui, potirL E. brook baudry the in is properly, to endure. Of quham fylth styuketh Goddis neis. Doug. Virgil, 96. 51. To v. a. This BROILYIE, term is, in Fife, This is merely a peculiar use of E. broker, which Skinner derives contr. from from applied only to what is first parboiled, and by procurer; Junius, as a steward was called A.-S. then roasted on a brander or break, frangere, bri/tla, gridiron. from brytt-an, to break or cut into small pieces. 0. Fr. bruill-er, secher Serenius as with the E. Goth. griller, rotir, ; Roquefort. mentions, synpn. word, breka, puerorum more rogitare. This is the same with . A state of contention. BROILLERIE, Isl. brek-a, petere, poscere, puerorum more rogitare "His motion, belike hath not beene immodestly familiariter; G. Andr. p. 35. moved, or too vehemently pressed, that he gave it sopne over, farre from the unbridlednesse of turbulent BROKED, adj. Variegated. V. BROCKED. mindes, that would rather have moved heaven and earth we * (as say) to have come to their purpose, and BROKEN, part. pa. Broken men, a phrase have cast themselves, their country, and all, into con- in a peculiar sense in our old acts, as denot- fused broilkrit, and into forraine hands and power." individuals are either sen Hume's Hist. Doug. p. 92. ing who under a Fr. broidllerie, confusion. V. BRULYIE. tence of outlawry, or live as vagabonds, out- To and or who are BRO1ZLE, v. a. 1. To press, to crush to laws, public depredators ; atoms, Ettr. For. separated from the clans to which they be- " ' in of their crimes. How do ye mean, when you were hashed ?' longed, consequence ' say they Champit like a' broizltd and jiirmummled, as it are to war.'" "They say, Clangregore, Clanfarlane, &c., Hogg's Brownie, i. 134, 135. and als monie broken men of the surnames of Stewarts Teut. in minimas micas broset-en, breusel-tn, frangcre. in Athole, Lome, and Ralquhidder, Campbelles, &c. 2. The term seems to be also used in a loose Nane of the saidie clannes, or uther broken men, their executors or sense, ibid. wives, bairnes, aires, assignayes, " sail have action criminall or civill against quhat-sum- Mucht it mai pleiz sovrayne lege, not to trowe ever persones, for ejection, spulyie, slauchter, fire- that withoutten dreddour I shulde gaung till broozte raising, or uther alledged violent deed committed ane ane honest " fayir deme, mannis wyffe, and myunie against them, be onie of his Hienes lieges, c. Acts to twa bairnis." Hogg's Winter Tales, ii. 41. J. VI. ParL xi. c. 227, Murray. BRO [308] BRO

"Ye heard before, how thir brokiit men had driven s. " BRONYS, BROUNYS, BROWNIS, pi. Bran- Frendraught's goods to Strathboggie. Spalding, i. 35. ches, boughs. Sum of Eneas feris besely BROKEN-WINDED, adj. Short-winded, Flatis to plet thaym preissis by and by, to S. And of smal wikkeris for to beild vp aue bere, asthmatic ; applied horses, generally Of sowpill wandis, and of brounys sere, Bound the or twistis sle Brittle. V. BKUKYL. wyth syouns, the BROKYLL, adj. Of smal rarnmel, and stobbis of akin tre. BROKIN STORIT. Doug. Virgil, 362. 7. Bronys of the olyue twistis. "In the accioun tueching the takin of a schip & Ibid. 402. 5. with certane fra the & liavin of gudis, vittales, port Brovmis, Palice of Honour, Prol. st. 9. Lethe stormestaid & drevin to the Erlis fery ; hot a This is from the same origin with BRONDYN. storit the said cheild in hir ; brokin & distroyt be per- sonis, as is allegit," &c. Act. Dom. Cone. A. 1491, p. To BRONSE, v. n. To overheat one's self 201. in a warm sun, or too near a This seems to be meant as a compound word, inti- by sitting strong mating that the stores of the ship were broken in upon. fire; S.

Isl. bruni, inflammatio ; Moes-G. brunsts, incendium. BROKITTIS, s. pi. E. Brockets. The bustuous bukkis rakis furth on raw, BRONT, part. pa. Burnt, S. brunt. Heirdis of hertis throw the thyck wod schaw, Ane coif thare is, and hirnes fele thar be, Bayth the brokittis, and with brade burnyst tyndis, Like tyl Ethna holkit in the mont, The sprutillit calfys soukand the rede hyndis. By the Ciclopes furnes worne or bront. Doug. Virgil, 402. 19. Dmg. Virgil, 257. 11. V. BRTK, u. Rudd. renders this, "brocks, badgers." But he s. no favourable is undoubtedly mistaken. Nothing but similarity of BROO, Nae broo, opinion. sound can the badger introduction here. give any "But thir ridings and wappenshawings, my leddy, The is different kinds of deer. Here poet describing I hae nae broo of them ava, I can find nae warrant for he them their Brokittis distinguishes by appearance. them whatsoever." Tales of my Landlord, ii. 147. at first view to refer to the streaks on might appear "But I hae nae broo of changes since that a*vfu' their in which sense brockit and brukit are used : skin, morning that a tout o' a horn, at the cross of Edin- the brokittis seem to be contrasted with Thus, might burgh, blew half the faithfu' ministers of Scotland those that are or But this is sprutillit speckled. merely out of their pulpits." Ibid. iv. 39. E. a red deer of two old. Here three brocket, years "I had never muckle broo o' my gudeman's gos- kinds of harts are mentioned, the brockets are distin- and now I like them waur than ever." Heart from those that have brade or sips, guished burnyst tyndis, M. Loth. ii. 305. V. BROW. well antlers because the former have the spread ; only Can this word have any affinity with Isl. brag-ur, points of the horns out in one small branch. breaking affectio, or bragd, sapor, odor, q. relish for ? V. Skinner. "The first shall call him, a Hinde calfe, yere, you BROO, s. Broth, juice, &c. V. BREE. or a calfe. "The seconde shall call him, a Broket." yere, you s. 1. A child, Roxb. Sir Tristram. The Booke of S. Albons. Manwood's BROOD, young Forrest F. 24. Lawes, 2. The youngest child of a family, ibid. Fr. brocart, id. which Skinner derives from broche, A.-S. brod, proles. a spit, from the supposed resemblance of the horns. 1. Prolific to the BRONCHED, pret. Pierced. BROODIE, adj. ; applied female of that hatches or He branched him yn, with his bronde, under the brode any species, brings shelde, forth a broodie S. many young ; as, hen, Thorgh the waast of the body, and wonded him ille. She was a Sir Qawan and Sir Gal. ii. 19. kindly broody creature, She brought her young without a waiter. This word and is certainly signifies, pierced; pro- Ruickbie's Wayside Cottager, p. 177. bably an error for bracked, from Fr. broc/ier. 2. Brudy, applied to either sex. Branched. BRONDYN, part. pa. "The Pichtis had afore ane vehement suspitioun, The birth that the ground bure was brondyn in bredis. that the brudy spredyng of the Scottis suld sumetyme Houlate, i. 3. fall to the dammageof thairposterite." Bellend. Cron. This word is evidently from Fr. brondes, green boughs B. i. c. 5. or branches. A.-S. incubans. " brodige, Strive to curbe your owne corruptions which are s. to the cor- BRONGIE, A name given broodie within you." Z. Boyd's Last Battell, p. 146. morant, Shetl. Broody is used in E., but in a different sense. " Pelecanus Carbo (Lin. syst.) Brongie, Scarf, (Scarv To BROOFLE, v. n. To be in a of Pontoppidan), Corvorant, Cole Goose, or Great BRUFLE, with Black Cormorant." Edmonstone's Zetl. ii. 248. great hurry; synon. Broostle, Ettr. For. Perhaps from some corporeal peculiarity. As the This seems to be the same with v. ' ' Brujfle, q. cormorant has a loose yellowish skin which reaches from the upper mandible round the eyes" (Penn. Zool. BROOFLE, BRUFLE, s. Impetuous haste, ibid. p. 477), might we view it q. broun-ee, or from Dan. bruun and oye, id. ? BROOK, s. Soot adhering to any thing, S.B. "The brongie is of a dusty bromi colour on the v. a. soil with ibid. back." Edmonst. p. 250. To BROOK, To soot, BRO [309] BRO

This differs from v. in the a face, S. V. Breewil, Fife, q. merely BROCKET, adj. Having dirty of the vowels. BKOUKIT. change Isl. hniK

BROOSE, s. A race at country weddings. BROSIE, BROSY, adj. 1. Semifluid, S. V. BRUSE. 2. Metaph., soft, inactive, Lanarks. BROOST, s. Perhaps, a spring or violent 3. Bedaubed with brose or porridge, S. exertion forward. The cottar's cur The yaud she made a broosl, Out o'er the porritch-pingle takes a sten, Wi' ten yauds' strength and mair, Laying the brosy weans upo' the floor Made a' the kipples to crash, Wi' donsy heght. And a' the smiths to rair. Davidson's Seas'ms, p. 28. Auld Gray Mare, Jacobite Relics, i. 71. 4. much use of brose in one's Teut. broes-en, tempestuosum et furentem ventum Making profes- spirare. It may, however, be corr. from the v. to sion. Hence the vulgar application of the used in the breast, same sense. Moea-G. bruit signifies term to S. O. the breast. weavers,

To BROOSTLE, BRUSTLE, v. n. To be in BROSY-FACED, adj. Applied to the face when to in fat and a great hurry, be a bustle about little, very flaccid, b. " Ettr. For., pron. q. Brussle. An I didna ken her, I wad hae a gude chance to hear her," said he, "casting a look of sly intelligence s. 1. BROOSTLE, A very bustling state, im- at a square-built brosy-Jaceil girl who accompanied him." St. i. 240. petuosity in coming forward, ibid. Johnstoun, "But diuua think that a fitter time come ye may BROSILIE, ado. In an inactive manner. to make a push? Take care that you, and the like o' you, haena these lives to answer for. I like nae Lanarks. desperate broostles, it's like ane that's just gaun to s. 1. The state of semifluid. turn divour, taking on a' the debt he can." Brownie BROSINESS, being of Bodsbeck, i. 72. 2. Metaph., inactivity proceeding from soft- 2. Applied to a keen chase, South of S. ness of disposition, Lanarks. "Keilder, my dog likes a play i' the night-time

. for he's a brooslle at a or a brawly, aye gettin hare, BROT, BROTACH, s. A quilted cloth or or a or some o' thae beasts that tod, fowmart, gang used for the back of a snaiking about i' the derk." Brownie of Bodsbeck, i. covering, preserving 140. horse, from being ruffled by the Shimach, BRO [310] BRO

Embroiderer. on which the pannels are hung, being BROUDSTER, s. a "Some were carvers, fastened to pack-saddle ; Mearns. gunners, wrights, painters, masons, smiths, harness-makers, tapesters, broudster*, Isl. brot, plicatura. G. Andr. p. 37. taylors." Pitscottie, p. 153. Fr. brod-er, to embroider. V. BKOWDIN. To BROTCH, v. a. To plait straw-ropes round a stack of S. corn, B.; synon. Bratli, BROUKIT, BROOKED, BRUCKIT, adj. 1. q. v. The face is said to be broukit, when it has Isl. to fasten. of dirt on when it is brus-a, spots or streaks it, partly clean and partly foul, S. A sheep, BROTEKINS, BROTIKINS, s. pi. Buskins, that is streaked or in the is a kind of half boots. speckled face, in the same manner. Scr. Tell me ane sowtar ar namit. designed quhairfoir ye " Sowt. Of that surname I need nocht be ashamit, The bonie bruket Lassie., certainly deserves better For I can mak scheme, brotekitis and buittis. verses, and I hope you will match her." V. Burns, Lindsay, S. P. ft. ii. 237. iv. 85. " There came a man clad in a blue gown, in at the linen cloth 2. Used to denote the of the face kirk door, and belted about him in a roll of ; appearance on hia to the of his has been and who has a pair of brotikins feet, great legs, of a child who crying, with all other hose and clothes conform thereto : but off the tears left marks on it, by rubbing he had nothing on hia head, but syde red yellow hair " with hands Eh I sic a brookit behind, and on his haffits, which wan down to the dirty ; as,

shoulders; but his forehead was bald and bare." Pits- bairn ! What has he been blubberin' cottie, p. 111. about?" S. Fr. brodequin, Teut. broxeken, brosken, Ital. bar- The smith his meikle he shook zachino, Hisp. belzequin, a buskin. paw ; Wattle his nive Syne raught manly ; " " to brocket knave " Cried, Lat me the ; BROTHE, s. A Irothe of sweat," a great An' rag'd like ane maist wud vulgar phrase used to denote a violent per- In wrath, that night. Cock's Simple Strains, p. 137. spiration, S. " To brulke, to make dirty ; Northumb." Grose. The word seems synon. with foam, and may be Broukit is perhaps originally the same with Bracked, radically the same with froth ; or allied to Isl. braede, q, v., although differently pronounced. braedde, liquefacio, colliquo item liquidis, quasi lae- Dan. broged, variegated, speckled, grisled. tamine inductus tego. G. Andr. p. 33. BROW, s. Nae brow, no favourable opinion. To BROTHE, v. n. To be in a state of " profuse An ill brow," an opinion preconceived to S. perspiration, the disadvantage of any person or thing, S. The callour wine in cave is sought, : wi' the breists to cule "I hae nae brow o' John He was Queen Mens brothing ; she was frae The water cald and cleir is brought, whan brought prisoner Carberry." Mary 46. And sallets steipit in ule. Stewart, Hist. Drama, p. A. Hmne, Chron. S. P. iii. 889. "I hae nae broo o' doctors, for they ken as little about complaints in the stomach as a loch-leech, and To BROTHER, v. a. 1. To admit to a state, no sae muckle." Sir A. Wylie, iii. 285. V. BROO. It seems uncertain, whether this phrase has any and to the privileges, of brotherhood in any quite relation to brow, the forehead, as signifying that one or S. at first corporation society, has received an unfavourable impression sight ; or to which as be seen in Browst, 2. Also used to denote the convivial initiation brew, coquere, may is used in a metaph. sense. of young members of a fraternity, and even To v. a. To face, to browbeat, Ettr. the ludicrous customs observed as a practical BROW, For. parody on these, S. V. BRITHER. "There is naething i" my tower that isna at your s. The child of an for I wad rather brow a' the Ha's and the BROTHER-BAIRN, command ; Howards afore I beardit Perils of Man, i. 21. uncle, used to denote the relation of a " you." 'Ken where are, an' wha ye're speaking to?' S. ye cousin, said Dan, stepping forward and browing the last speaker "Sir Patrick Hamilton was brother-german to the face to face." Ibid. p. 61. Earl of Arran, and sister and brother-bairns to the I need scarcely say that this is formed from the s. v. king's majesty." Pitacottie, Ed. 1720, p. 104. brow, supercilium. But I have met with no parallel Sinter-bairns with, Ed. 1814. in any other language. BROUAGE. s. Salt brouage, salt made at BROW, s. A rising ground, S. B. Brouage, a town of France, in Saintonge, As they're thus thrang, the gentles came in view, A' in a breast a brmv. on the sea. it would our upon bonny Hence, appear, Moss's Helenore, p. 96. forefathers were " supplied. I climbed up a steep hazel bank, and sat down to "The hundreth salt brouage, contenand nine score rest myself on an open green plot on the brow." R. bollis, Scottis watter met, is reknit to be worth in Gilhaize, ii. 292. does fraught twentie tunuis Aleron." Balfour's Pract. The brow of a hill is an E. phrase, but the term Custumis, p. 87. not seem to be used in this sense by itself, A.-S. bruica, This place is still famous for its salt. V. Diet. Trev. supercilium. into [311] likn

This term is to males s. A vessel for brew- indiscriminately applied and BROWCALDRONE, females. Aberd. ing, Reg. "Our souerane lord remembring the guid, trew, and thankfull seruice done to his hicnes be his louit Arrayed, decked, BROWDEN'D, part. pa. Williame Betoun &c. Acts Ja. Aberd. browdiiutar. Ratifies," VI. 1592, Ed. 1814, p. 608. the fraise Rob Roy heard fricksome ; . The of an Weel brmmleii'd in his graith. BROWDINSTERSCHIP, profession Skinner's Christmas Ba'ing, First Edit. embroiderer. " and for his hienes and his BROWDIN, BROWDEN, part. pa. Fond, Ratifies, apprevis, successouris perpetuallie confirm!* the office of brow- desirous, a warmly attached, eagerly having dinxterxchip, and keping of his hienes wardrop to the strong propensity, S. It often implies the said Williame." Ibid. Teut. boordaerder, and L. B. brodaritia, denote a idea of folly in the attachment, or in the mau who works in embroidery. The term here used of it. It is now connected degree generally is evidently formed from the part. pa. Browdyn, q. v. with with the addition of the termination which with the prep, on ; although anciently liter, origi- nally marked a female. V. BROWSTEB. of. As scho delyts into the low, BROWDIN, part. pa. Expl. clotted, de- Sae was I browdin of my bow, filed, foul, filthy," Gl. Sibb. Als ignorant as scho. Cherrie atid Sloe, st. 13. His body was with blude all browdin. Chr. st 18. Tali prorsus ratione vel arcus Kirk, Uror amore met Lat. Vers. This may be nothing more than a ludicrous use of the word as "We are fools to be brovxlen and fond of a pawn in signifying embroidered. Sibb. however, deduces it, as from Teut. sordes. the loof of our hand : living on trust by faith may well expl. above, brodde, content us." Rutherford's Letters, P. I. Ep. 20. BROWDYNE, part. pa. Displayed, un- Poetic dealers were but scarce, Les browdm still on cash than verse. furled.

i. 331. Ramsay's Poems, Thai saw sa fele browdyne baneris, o'er sair browdrn't the lass I'm and and He's on sear, Staudaris, pennowny s, speris ; For ouy thing but her to work a cure. That the maist ost, and the stoutest Shirrefs' Poems, p. 80. Suld be abaysit for to se " Thair fayis in to sic To Browden on a thing, to be fond of it. North." quantite. xi. 464. MS. Gl. Grose. Harbour, It is in a neuter form, which, I is A.-S. braed-an, to dilate, to expand. expressed " suppose, the proper one, in Clav. Yorks. Dial. To be browden on a BROWIN, part. pa. Brewed. thing." " I find it used in one instance as if it were an active v. It salbe leiful to the inhabitants of the bur- rowis of and vthevs The millart never notic'd Tarn, Air, Iruin, Glasgow, Dumbertaue, Sae brouvlen'd he the ba'. our souerane Ladyis liegis duelland at the west seyis, Christinas Ba'ing, Skinner's Misc. Poet. p. 132. to haue bakin breid, browin aill, and aquauite to the His, to bertour with vther merchandice. Acts Rudd. thinks that it may be from broixl, because all Mary Ed. 495. creatures are fond of their young. It has also been 1555, 1814, p. A.-S. concoctus. viewed, but without reason, as allied to the v. Brod, browen, coctus, to forward. Gl. Sibb. The first seems far " prick by s. brats." the most natural BROWIS, pi. Expl. conjecture of the two. It may be " Or the of rcntis formed from Belg. broed-en, to brood, to hatch. gaif princes the erth you yeirly (as the disciplis in the beginnyng sauld thair landis, BROWDYN, BROWDIN, part. pa. Em- and gaif the pryces thairof to the Apostolis) to the end broidered. that every ane of yow mot spend the samyn upon his dame Dalila and bastard browis ?" N. Winyet s First Hys body cure wes clad all hale Tractat, Keith's Hist. p. 206. In honest aparale, App. Kyngis This I is term, suspect, used ; whe- Beltayd wytli his swerd alsua, metaphorically ther it be allied to Teut. Scepter, ryng, and sandalys brouw-en, miscere, coquere ; or I will not Browdyn welle on Kjragis wys. brouwe, liquamen; brtiys, spuma; pretend to Wyntmon, vii. 8. 446. say. "Item, a covering of variand purpir tarter browdin * " BROWN, adj. To play brown, or to bolt with thrissillis & a unicorne. Collect, of Inventories, a to the p. 11., i.e. "embroidered with thistles." brown, phrase applied broth-pot, Chaucer, brotuled, C. B. brod-io, and Fr. brod-er, to when it is meant to say that the broth is rich, embroider, are mentioned in Gl. Wynt. But this word as containing a sufficient of animal is probably allied to Isl. brydd-a, pungere, brodd, portion aculeus S. ; embroidered work being made with the juice, needle. from A. -S. to braid. [More probably bregdan, ] "Did she [the supposed witch] but once hint that V. BUEDK. her pot 'played nae brown,' a chosen lamb or a piece of meat was presented to her in token of BROWDINSTAR, s. An embroiderer. friendship. She seldom paid rent for her house, and every young "Item, fourty round scheittis servit lad in the was to cast [sheets] quhilkis parish anxious her peats ; so that to the browdinstaris that ' wrocht upoun the tapestrie Kimmer, according to the old song, lived cautie and of the crammosie velvois." Collect, of Inventories, A. hale.'" Remains of Nithsdale Song, p. 289. 1561, 150. p. Yere big brose pot has nae played brown These were the women our employed by unfortunate Sin' the Reaver Rade o" gude Prince Charlie. in her various works of Q. Mary embroidery. Ibid. p. 102. BRO [312] BRO

The ingenious author of the throws out s. A spirit, till of late years Minstrelsy BROWNIE, a that the Brownie be " a to haunt some old conjecture, may legitimate supposed houses, those, descendant of the Lar Familiaris of the ancients." especially, attached to farms. Instead of There is indeed a considerable similiarity of character. Some have supposed the Lares and Penates of the Ro- doing injury, he was believed to be very any mans to have been the same. But the latter were of useful to the to the ser- family, particularly divine, the former of human origin. The Lar was if treated him well for clothed in a which resembles the vants, they ; whom, dogskin, rough ap- of the Brownie, who was while they took their necessary refreshment pearance always represented as hairy. It has been said that the Lares were covered in he was wont to do of sleep, many pieces with the skins of dogs, to express the charge they took drudgery; S. of the house, being, like dogs, a terror to strangers, but kind to the domestics. Plutarch, ap. Rosin. Antiq. All is bot gaistis, and elrische fantasyis, Rom. p. 152. He assigns another reason, that the Of brownyis and of bogillis full this buke : Lares searched out and punished what was done amiss Out on the wanderand thou spretis, wow, cryis, in the family. This is also attributed to Brownie. It ane man war theron list luke. seniys manglit, It is said, that he was particularly severe to the ser- Doug. Virgil, 158. 26. vants, when chargeable with laziness or negligence. But ithers that were It is that he even sometimes went so far as " stomach-tight, pretended, It was nae best Cry'd out, to flog them. The Lares were ranged by the Romans To leave a that was supper dight round the hearth, the very place assigned by our To or a " brownies, ghaist forefathers to the lubbar fiend," when his work was To eat or day." done. Ramsay's Poems, i. 269. 267. " His name," Mr. Scott has observed, "is probably " Bawsy-Brown," according to Lord Hailes, seems to derived from the Portuni," mentioned by Gervase be English Robin Goodfellow, known in Scotland by of Tilbury. According to this writer, the English the name of Brownie. In Lord Hyndford's (i.e. gave this designation to certain daemons, called by Bannatyne) MS. p. 104. among other spirits there the French Neptuni; and who, from his description, occurs, appear to have corresponded in character to Brownie. But Gervase seems to be the author who has als that can kow only Brawny play mentioned this name Du Behind the claith with mony mow. ; although Cange quotes as some further account of the Bannatyne Poems, S. p. 236. Cantipratanus, giving Neptuni. This solitary testimony is therefore ex- friend Mr. Scott differs from this learned writer. doubtful as there to My tremely ; seems be no vestige of the He views Brownie as a different character having quite designation in E. Besides, the transition from Portuni from "the Follet of the whom he con- Esprit French," to Brownie is not natural ; and if it ever had been siders as the same with our Bogle or Goblin, and Puck, made, the latter name must have been better known or Sobin Ooodfellmo. "The Brownie," he says, in E. than in S. "was and wild in his meagre, shaggy, appearance. Rudd. seems to think that these sprites were called In the time he lurked in remote day recesses of the old Brownies, from their supposed "swarthy or tawny houses which he to haunt ; and, in the in delighted night, colour ; as these who move a higher sphere, are himself in labo- sedulously employed discharging any called Fairies from their fairness." Before observing rious task which he be to thought might acceptable the what Rudd. had advanced on this article, the same to whose service he had family, devoted himself. idea had occurred to me, as having a considerable de- like Milton's lubbar he loves to stretch Although, fiend, gree of probability, from analogy. For in the Edda, himself the does not from the by fire, (he) drudge hope two kinds of Elves are mentioned, which seem nearly of the is recompeiice. On contrary, so delicate his to correspond to our Brownies and Fairies. These are attachment, that the offer of reward, but particularly called and i.e. or black " fiwartalfar, Liosalfar, swarthy of food, occasions his for ever. white elves so infallibly disappearance elves, and ; that one might suppose that For a more account of the particular popular supersti- the popular belief concerning these genii had been tious which on this formerly prevailed subject, V. directly imported from Scandinavia. Minstrelsy Border, Introd. c civ. CLxyii. s. to The same name is given to this sprite in the Shetland BROWNIE-BAE, The designation given Isles. But it is in one singular that, point, the Brownie, Buchan. character of Brownie is diametrically opposite there. But there come's down the brae He has all the covetousness of the most interested Robie, flaught-braid ; How wild he glowre, like some daft brownie-bae I hireling. Tarras's Poe-nis, p. 8. "Not above 40 or 50 years ago, almost every family "Brownie-bae, an being ;" Gl. had a Brouny or evil spirit so called, which served imaginary addition to" of the lubbar- sacrifice for his service The the common name them, to whom they gave a ; fiend have from his being supposed as when they churned their milk, they took a part may originated to women and children with a thereof, and sprinkled every comer of the house with occasionally frighten wild that of a brute animal. it Brounie's cry, resembling for use ; likewise, when they brewed, had a stone which called Bronnies they they Stane, BROWNIE'S an altar dedicated to wherein there was a little hole, into which they poured STONE, some wort for a sacrifice to Brouny. They also had Brownie. stacks of which called Brounie's corn, they Stacks, "Below the chappels there is a flat thin stone, call'd which, were not bound with though they straw-ropes, Brownie's Stone, upon which the antient inhabitants or as other stacks used to the any way fenced, be, yet milk is offered a cow's every Sunday ; but this custom storm of wind was not able to blow any straw greatest now quite abolish'd." Martin's West. Islands, p. 67. off them." Brand's Descr. Zetland, p. 112, 113. The same writer mentions some curious and facts, BROWN JENNET or JANET. 1. A cant his authority for them. But he offers no con- gives for a S. jecture as to the reason of the change of disposition, phrase knapsack, that the insular situation of Brownie seems to have Aft at a staun what road to tak, produced. The debtor grows a villain, I! 110 [313] BRU

Brcnm Jennet on his Lugs "up back conforme to the vsc and consvetnde of the burgh all To haunt her smile kUliu' the by yeare. And ilk Drowsier sail put forth ane signe Our faes, this duy. of her aill, without her house, be the window, or be Picken's 168. Poems, 1788, p. the that it be dure, may sene as common to all men : '' quhilk she does not, she sail ane vulaw of fourc 2. Brown Janet is also expl. as signifying a gif pay Burrow c. 69. e. musket." Picken's Gl. 1813. pennies." Lawes, 1. 6. "Of Browsters, It is statute, that na woman sel the gallon of aill fra Pasch vntil Michaelmes, dearer nor BROWN MAN the "a twa fra of Moors, droich, pennies ; and Michaelmas vntill Pasch, dearer Stat. Gild. c. dwarf, or subterranean elf ;" Gl. Antiq. noranepennie." 26. " There could be no other reason for restricting the Brown dwarf, that o'er the muirland strays, statute to women than that, when it was it Thy name to Keeldar tell !" enacted, " was unusual for either to or to sell The Brown Man of the Muirs, who stays quite men, brew, Beneath the heather bell." ale. Leyden's Keeldar, Border Minstr. ii. 394. From A.-S. baecestre, we may infer that the term " was formed before became a trade, while it was The Brown Man of the Muirs, is a fairy of the most baking in every family of the work to malignant order, the genuine duergar. Walsingham part appropriated women. The same be as to Browster. mentions a story of an unfortunate youth, whose may conjectured brains were Some words with this termination been com- extracted from his skull, during his sleep, having used, after the reason of it ceased to be by this malicious being. Owing to this operation, he monly known, others, be formed in remained insane for many years, till the Virgin denoting particular trades, might Mary a similar manner as a web- courteously restored his brains to their station." Ibid, ; maltster, maltman, wabster, a Ac. For there is no as far as p. 390. ster, weaver, evidence, I recollect, that our female ancestors, like the Grecian ladies, devoted their attention to the loom BROWST, BROWEST, . 1. As much malt ; although, in some parts, of women are thus in our as is brewed at a S., employed liquor time, S. time. " E. spinster, ia one instance of the A.-S. female For the fourt browent, he (the Browstcr) sail giue termination being retained by our southern neighbours. the dewtie of aue halfe yeare, and na mair." Burrow Lawes, c. 39. BROWSTER-WIFE, s. A female ale-seller, especially in markets, S. 2. Used metaph. to denote the consequence of The browster are eident one's in a wives, lang, any conduct, especially bad sense. fain for a' &c. " Right thing snod, This is often called an ill browst," S. Tarras's Poems, p, 92. " and drink of S. Prov. "Take Stay, your browst," To BRUB, v. a. To check, to restrain, to a share of the mischief that you have occasioned." under, to to break one's Kelly, p. 289. keep oppress, spirit S. B. allied to A. Bor. But gae your wa's, Bessie, tak on ye, by severity, ; perhaps And see wha'll tak care o' ye now ; to with a bodkin brob, prick ; Gl. Grose. E'en gae wi' the Bogle, my bonnie It's a browst your ain daflery did brew. BRUCHE, s. V. BROCHE. Jamieson's Popular Ball. i. 299. It may be observed, that Isl. brugg-a raed is used in BRUCK1T, adj. V. BROOKED. the same metaph. sense with browst, invenire callida consilia Brittle. ; brugga suit;, struere insidias, G. Andr. p. 37. BRUCKLE, adj. V. BRUKYL. Jets to brew Belg. quaads brouwen, mischief, to devise adv. In a brittle state or evil. BRUCKLIE, manner, Clydes. V. BRUKTL. BROWSTER, BROUSTARE, s. A brewer, S. Fraternized. The hynde cryis for the come, BRUDERIT, part. pa. The brovstare the bere schorne, That panefnll progress I think ill to tell, The feist the fidler to roorne Sen tnay are bowit and tmtderit in our land, Couatis ful yore. Siege Edin. Castel, Poems 16th Cent. p. 289. Doug. Virgil, 238. b. 17. Isl. brudur, Germ, bruder, a brother. V. BROTHER, t'. "Gif ane Baxter, or ane Browster is vnlawed for or Most affectionate bread, aill, na man sould meddle, or intromitt there- BRUDERMAIST, adj. ; with, bot the Provest of the towne." ouely Burrow literally, most brotherly. Lawes, c. 21. Do weill to James your wardraipair ; The v. is A.-S. briw-an, to coquere cercvisiam, brew, Quhais faythful brudermaist friend I am. Somner ; Teut. id. Isl. fcrowtc-en, ; eg brugy-a, decoquo Dunbar, Maitland Poems, 92. cerevisias. p. All that Rudd. observes is, "o. brewster." But V. BROODIE. the reason of the termination is worthy of investi- BRUDY, adj. gation. Wachter has justly remarked that, in the ancient *. V. BREE. Saxon, the termination ster, affixed to a s. BRUE, masculine, makes it feminine as from is ; then, servus, To BRUFFLE, v. n. To bruffle and sweat, formed l/ioiex/re, serva. In A.-S. we do not meet with to word allied moil and toil, to be turmoiled and over- any to Brewster. But we have baecestre, which properly signifies pistrix, "a woman-baker," heated, Dumfr. Somn. C.B. brywiawl, from brum, The term is not enlivening, vigour, thus restricted in S. But as used in briskness or ; brythawl, tumultuous, turbulent, from our old Acts, it indicates that this was the original brwlh, a Owen. that stirring up ; meaning ; brewing, at least, was more generally the province of women than of men BRUG satin made at ; and also that all SATINE, Bruges. who brewed were venders of " ale. "Half ellin of saline ;" Aberd. A. All icemen Brug lUg. 1538, quha brewes aill to be sauld, sail brew Q* BRU [314] BRtJ

This is the same that is denominated certainly 3. A borough. ''A royal brugh;" "A brugh Bridges satine, Rates, A. 1611. V. BKOIO. of barony," as distinguished from the other, BRUGH, BROGH, BROUGH, BURGH, s. 1. S. B. V. BURCH.

" 1 An encampment of a circular form, S. B. The said Alex [Fraser] being of deliberat mynd and purpois to erect ane vniuersitie within the said About a mile eastward from Forfar, there is a large brug'he, hes [begwn] to edifie and big vp collegis, circular camp, called The Brugh. According to the tra- quhilkis nocht onlie vill tend to the greit decoirment of dition of the country, it is of Pictish origin. Here, it is the cuutrey, bot also to the advancement of the loist said, the army of Ferat or Feredith, king of the Picts and tint youthe, in bringing tham vp in leirning and lay, before the battle of Restenneth, fought in its im- vertew, to the greit honour and weill of our said mediate vicinity, which proved fatal to that prince. soueraue Lord and natiouue." Acts Ja. VI. 1597, Ed. On the south side of Forfar, a of is still piece ground 1814, 148. as p. called Feridan-fields ; whether being the place This refers to the plan, once adopted, of erecting a where Feredith was killed, or where he was interred, university at Fraserburgh, which was afterwards de- seems uncertain. Only, it is favourable to the latter feated from jealousy. idea, that, a few years ago, in ploughing the field thus denominated, a single grave was discovered, entirely 4. A hazy circle round the disk of the sun or of the called Pictish. It was between four description moon, generally considered as a presage of a and five feet in length, formed of five flat stones, with of is called a or one as a cover. If I recollect right, some of the bones change weather, brugh brogh, were visible, when the grave was opened, but fell to 3. dust when exposed to the air. It may seem unfavour- The term occurs in a passage in the Statist. Ace., able to the idea of his being interred here, that, accord- where a Gr. etymon of it is given. to Boece, Feredith was buried in the field at For- ing "Some words are of Greek Ben is far to Christian burial. Feredithi funus origin. fiovvos, appropriated a hill broch the is a chain ut more conderetur in Forfair Christianorum ; (about moon, ) f)poxs, regio agro brose about the neck ; is Ppweis, meat." P. Bendothy, sepulturae sacro curavit Alpinus. Hist. F. cc. But, Perths. xix. 361, 362. although the present churchyard is distant from Feri- cries she'll wad baith her shoon, dan-fields about half a furlong, the latter might in that Meg That we sail hae weet be the of interment for who died very soon, early period place any And weather in the castle as it does not that rough ; ; especially, appear For she saw round about the moon, there was of on the site of the any place worship, pre- A mickle brmiqh. sent before the of Malcolm Can- church-yard, reign The Fanner's Ha', st. 28. more. 5. The name to two circles which are In Lothian, encampments of the circular form are given called from A.-S. circulus. round Sing-forts, firing, orbis, drawn the tee, on the ice appropriated for curling, Clydes. 2. This name is also given to the stronger sort A.-S. beorg, borh, munimentum, agger, arx, "a of houses in which the Picts are said to have a rampire, place of defence and succour," Somner ; resided. burg, castellum, Lye; Alem. bruchus, castrum, Schilter. " The name seems to have been transferred to the Brand, of what are otherwise called Picts, speaking around one of the because of its or ring heavenly bodies, Pights houses," both in Orkney and Shetland, says ; circular form, or from its resemblance to the encamp- "These houses are also called Burghs, which in the ments thus denominated. The is Old Teutonic or Saxon a town origin probably language, signifyeth found in Moes-G. mons. having a wall or some kind of an enclosure about it." bairgx, Descr. Orkney, p. 18, 19. BRUGHER, BRUCHER, s. A stone which comes This name is also in these Northern pronounced brugh, within these ibid. islands. circles, Wallace writes " Brogh. To BRTJGHLE, u. n. To be in a state of Hence it seems that the many houses and villages and at the in this country, which are called by the name of Brogh, quick motion, same time oppressed and which all of them are built or beside some upon with heat. He's brughlin up the brae, such have been cemeteries for the rising ground, bury- Perths. ing of the dead in the time of the Pights and Saxons." Descr. of Orkney, p. 57, 58. This seems radically the same with Bro'njh, Lanarks. "We viewed the Pechts Brough, or little circular q. v. This, I have supposed, might be a corruption fort, which has given name to the place. It is nearly from Brothe, s., a fume of heat. But it is more pro- of the same dimensions and construction with the many bably a cognate term, allied to Belg. broeijen, to grow or S. other broughs or Pechts-iorts in Shetland. Those warm not ; broejig weer, sultry weather, q. broughs seem to have been calculated to communicate broiijhie weatlier, or weather which produces brughling. by signals with each other, the site of one being uni- The v. broeij-en is the origin of broye, brue, jus, juscu- formly seen from that of some other." Neill's Tour, lum, our brue, broth, or soup. For broeij-en seems to the act of out p. 80. primarily signify pouring warm liquids ; calida fervente Kilian. It deserves attention, that the camp near Forfar, perfundere ; aqua aspergere ; mentioned above, is known by no other name than that The E. v. to brew has obviously a common origin. of the Brugh ; because of the similarity of designation s. between the Picts Houses, and what seems unquestion- BRUGHTINS, pi. ably to have been a Pictish camp. A little eastward In the South of S., a dish is prepared in the follow- from this camp, I have often marked the foundations ing manner, as part of the entertainment provided for of a circular building, in its dimensions resembling the shepherds at the Lammas feast. An oat-cake or those generally called Picts Houses. There are also bannock is first toasted, then crumbled down, and being the remains or fort on the of in a over the of a circular building top put pot fire, has butter poured on it. This the hill of Pitscandlie, about a mile eastward. V. is used as a sort of pottage, and receives the name of SHEALL. fiutter-brughtins. BRU [315] BRU

BRUGHTIN-CAKE, BKAUOUTIN, s. Expl. To BRUILYIE, BRULYE, v. a. To Indlyie up, " Green cheese-parings, or wrought curd, to put into a ferment, Fife. kneaded and mixed with butter or suet, and It bruilyies up my verra blude, To hear their names profan'd, &c. broiled in the frying-pan. It is eaten by MS. Poem. way of kitchen to bread." Roxb. To BRUIND. V. BRCND. This would to have been the same appear" originally with Lancashire a dish of Jiraiiyhwham, made cheese, in BRUISK, adj. Brisk, lively, high spirits ; eggs, bread, and butter, boiled together ;" Grose. Fr. These terms exhibit great appearance of affinity to brusque. C. B. brwchan, Gael, orochan. V. BIIOCHAN. Fris. " Thir ar the imbassadoris that departis in Ingland bruyyfif, however, denotes bread besmeared with but- for the of Lord Duk's son : Lord Glen- ter manage my My ; Teut. bruwet, jus, jusculum ; and Isl. bruyyu, cairn, Lord Morton, Lord Revan, Lord calida coctio. My My My Robert, as said is, and the Lard of Ledinton the Secretar : thai depart wondrous bruink, thair bayis ar *. A kind of S. BRUICK, BRUK, boil, taxit to cum up to 15,000 1." Lett. T. Archbald, Chamb. A. Keith's Hist. 489. Cald, canker, feister or feveris, Abp. Glasg. 1560, p. Can horses ? Fr. L. B. bai-us. V. Brukis, bylis, blobbis and blisteris. bayis signify bay, Rmdl's Cursing, GL Compl. p. 330. Bayus, Du Cange. Seren. views E. brisk as allied to Su.-G. If this preserve thee not from pain, f/rask-a, Pass to 'Pothecares petulanter se we view Teut. the again ; gerere. Perhaps may Some Recepies dois yet remain oroosche, breusche, praeceps, ferox, as allied. To heal Bruick, Byle or Blister. Polwart's Flyting, Watson's Coll. iii. 11. BRUKYL, BRUCKLE, BROKYLL, BROKLIE, Bruick is now used in conjunction with boil, and adj. 1. Brittle, easily broken, S. appropriated to an inflamed tumour or swelling of the "Glasses and lasses are bruckle ware," S. Prov. glands under the arm. This is called a bruick-boil, 8. B. "Both apt to fall, and both ruined by falling;" Kelly, Isl. bruk, elatio, tumor; expl. of a swelling that p. 113. suppurates ; Haldorson. Flandr. broclce signifies ve- O bruckle sword, mettal was not nenum ; bolus venenatus, an envenomed mass. Thus thy true, Thy frushing blade me in this prison threw. bmick-boil may signify an angry sore, like Sw. etter- ' ' " Hamilton's Wallace, p. 28. boeld, literally a venomous boil. the it be observed that Johns, By way, may says 2. used in relation to the unsettled that E. boil should be written bile, from A.-S. bila, id., Metaph. which he views as "perhaps from bilis Lat." Jiile is state of political matters. undoubtedly used in this sense in A.-S. But it is a "Also we suffered ourselves to be to : perswaded solitary term and boil, I think, is more obviously eschew that at that it allied to Su.-G. or rupture time, when were so boelil, bo/da, ulcus, bubo ; which is for their bruckle. state." Baillie's Lett. ii. evidently formed from Isl. Su.-G. dangerous bolg-a, buly-ia, 5. intumescere, whence bula, tumor. Teut. buyle, tuber, It is used indeed to express the state of one's personal tuberculum, has the sameanalogy to buyl-en, extuberare. V. BREUK. concerns, when in disorder, as well as those of a public nature. " 'Praise be to God ! I shall see bairn To BRUIK, BRUKE, BROOK, v. a. To my again.' enjoy, 'And never I hope to part with her more,' said to ' possess. Waverley. I trust in God not, unless it be to win the means of her The fates deny us this propine, supporting ; for my things are but in Because we slaithfu' are a bruckle state. iii. ; Waverley, 286. And ken they best fa's fit to bruik Here the term seems to be used rather improperly, Achilles' doughty gear. as it only implies the idea of uncertainty as to the Poems in the Buck an Dialect, p. 14. future. But the Baron's temporal affairs were beyond When one is on a familiar what is called a bruckle state. He was de- footing with another, if actually of all his the latter has any new it is common to prived possessions by attainder. All that can " got dress, say to him Weil bruik " be said is, that, obtained a he ; your new," i.e., May you have having protection, might have some faint health to wear it ;" S. hope of regaining his property.

The case sae hard is 3. as to the Amang the writers and the Bardies, Variable, unsettled, applied That brook the auld I lang they'll " trow, weather, S. Or neighbours cry, Weel brook the new." The Har'st time is a time o' Fergussoria Poems, ii. 89. thrang, And weather aft does bruckle gang, There is no evidence that E. brook is used in this As we ha'e kend it. The Har'st st. 1. sense Riff, ; signifying only, to bear, to endure. Bruik is allied to A.-S. Franc, 4. bruc-an, gebruch-en, It seems to soft, as Su.-G. Isl. signify pliable, applied bruk-a, Belg. brmjck-en, Germ, branch-en, to use Moes-G. to the mind. ; unbrucKja, useless. Mr. Macpherson refers also to And for Lat. fruct-us, enjoying, enjoyment, fruit. yhe Devilys war noucht wroucht Of brukyl kykynd. yhe wald nocht To . . rewthth of hart BRUILYIE, BRULYIE, To fight, Wyth for-thynk yyoure' syn. to be W'yntmm, \. 12. 1311. engaged in a broil, Aberd. Said there was nane in a' the battle, 5. Fickle, inconstant. That bruilyeit bend aneugh. Als Fawdon als was haldyn at Skinner's Christmas Ba'ing. suspicioun, For he was haldyn of brdkyll complexioun. Fr. brouill-er, to make a to great hurly burly, jumble. Wallace, v. 115. MS. BRU [316] BBU

Fr. to This has a Gothic 6. Inconstant, as including the idea of deceit. brouiller, quarrel. probably origin; Su.-G. brylla, fofrbrilla, to embroil, a frequen- Bot there be mony of so brubill sort, tative from bry, anc. bryd-a, vexare, turbare. That feynis treuth in lufe for a quhile, And setten all thaire wittis and disport, The to To BRUMBLE, v. n. To make a hollow sely innocent woman begyle ; And so to thaire lustis with a wile. wynne murmuring noise, as that of the rushing or King's Quair, iv. 11. agitation of water in a pool, S. O. 7. to fall into sin, or to yield to temptation. Apt "The sun was gaen down, an' I could hear the sngh " in are Sa lang as we leif this present warld, we sa of the brumbling pool sae down I claps close by the be resone of carnal fragil & brukil, concupiscence, side o't." Blackw. Mag. Nov. 1820, p. 203. remanand in that we can our corrupit nature, nocht Teut. brummel-en, rugire, mugire, from brumm-en, abstene fra all & venial Hamil- to syndry synnis." Abp. Belg. bromm-en, buzz, to sound ; Dan. brumm-er, to toune's Catechisme, F. 186, a. roar; Isl. bruml-a, murmurare; Su.-G. bromm-a, id. A.-S. bremm-an, fremere. 8. Weak, delicate, sickly, S. B. Teut. from Sw. in its brokel, fragilis, brole-en, frangere ; BRTJMMIN, part. pr. A term, proper id. Germ, The last braeckelig, brocklicht, crumbling. use, applied to a sow when she desires the sense might seem directly to correspond to A.-S. broc- Fife, id. Loth. V. lic, aeger. But I suspect that it is only an oblique use boar, Border; Brimmin, brittle of the word as primarily, signifying ; especially BREEMIN. as A.-S. broclic seems to denote positive disease, from broc, aegritudo, whereas bruckle, brocklif, as used S., To BRUND, BRUIND, v. n. 1. To emit denotes an to be or an only aptness easily affected, as a flint does when struck. It's infirm state of the constitution. sparks, brundin, the fire flies from it, S. B. Su.-G. a. 1. Brittle- BRUKILNESSE, BROKILNESS, brinn-a, to burn. ness, S. 2. To glance, to sparkle; applied to the eye as 2. incoherence, or weak- Apparently, perhaps either love or Perths. ness used in expressing anger, ; metaph. general. "Robbie came o'erby ae gloamin', an' a Go litill tretise, nakit of eloquence, begude crackin I saw stealin' a teet at an' And pray the reder to have pacience ; Eppie him, tryin' to hod the blink that bruindet in her when he coost Of thy defaute, and to supporten it, e'e, Of his bmkilnesse to a look till her o'er the i. 331. guduesse thy knytt. " ingle." Campbell, King's Quair, vi. 22. He fidged in his chair, an', at the lang run, his e'en begude a bruindin like elf candles." Campbell, ut sup. 3. Moral inability. Also used in relation to the stars. All that sair yee does' thrist, It was upon a Martinmas night, Threw bruklenesse of the The dowiest time o' the flesh, year ; vnto Come me when that ye list, Yet the nord was bleezin' wi' livin" light, I sail your saullis refresh. And the starns war broondin' fu' clear. Poems Wth Cent. p. 140. MS. Poem. streaks of dirt. V. BRUKIT, adj. Having BRUINDIN, s. The emission of &c. BROUKIT. sparks, BRUNDS, BRUNDIS, BRWNDYS, s. pi. 1. To v. a. broil to BRULYIE, To ; properly Brands, pieces of wood lighted. roast on the gridiron meat that has been Women and barnys on Wallace fast thai cry, boiled and has become cold, Fife. On kneis thai fell, and askit him mercy. At a quartar, quhar fyr had nocht ourtayn, Fr. brusl-er, brul-er, to scorch. Thai tuk thaim out fra that castell off stayn. bet the with and bauld. To BRULYIE, v. n. To be overpowered with Syne fyr brwndys brym The rude low raiss full heycli abown that hauld. heat I'm wi' Fife. This ; as, brulyin heat, Wallace, viii. 1052. MS. seems with Brothe. synon. It is here given as in MS., that being omitted in Perth edit., and let printed for bet. In edit. 1648, brands is BRULYIE, BRULTEMENT, s. 1. A brawl, used for brwndys. This appears to be the primary sense. broil, fray, or quarrel, S. and and For drinking, dancing ; 1/rulyies, 2. As used Barbour, it seems to signify the And boxing, and shaking of fa's, by The town was for ever in tulyies, remains of burnt wood, reduced to the state But now the lassie's awa". of charcoal, and as some Song, Ross's Helenore,'p. 145. perhaps retaining Quoth some, who maist had tint their sparks. " ayuds, Let's see how a' bowls rows : Jhone Crab, that had his ger all yar, " And their at quat brulyicment anes, set " In his fagaldis has the fyr ; Yon .is nae mows." gully And our the wall syne gan thaim wyr, Ramsay's Poems, i. 260. And brynt the sow till brundis, bar. xvii. 705. MS. 2. Improperly used for a battle. Barbour, This word occurs also in MS. Wall, where it is Not a Southeron ere eventide, brands. Might any longer in that stour abide. printed bruUliement that worthi wicht An hundred at this were kill'd. Feill byggyns brynt, war and ; Hamilton's Wallace, p. 45. Gat nane away, knaiff, captane, nor knycht. BRU [317] BRU

Quhen brundia fell off rafftrcis tlmiin amang, Thou kens, wi' tliy great gift o' lear Thae an Sum nully raiss in liyttir lyuys strang, phantoms, imps, speeterx wil', Sum uakyt brynt. That pest our ha's wi' frightfu* simile, Wallace, vii. 449. MS. An" a that skims the brunUin, soil, 0' [on] brunt breem-sticks. 3. term is still used in The commonly Aug., /W. p. 40, 41. with latitude. only greater BRUS, s. Force, impetus. It is said of a or garment any thing completely Not so feirsly the fomy riuer or flude it to the there is worn out, There's no a brand of fore, Brekis ouer the bankis, on spait qnhen it is wod, not a fragment or vestige of it remaining. And with his brus and fard of watir broun, A.-S. brand may be the origin; as in the second The dykys and the schorys betis doun. sense it merely denotes a firebrand almost entirely Doug. Virgil, 55. 34. burnt out. As used, however, S. B. it would seem Non sic, aggeribus ruptis qnum spnmeus amnis allied evicit moles. to Isl. brim, extremitas rei ; Verel. Exiit, oppositasque gurgite Virg. of is Bronde is the O. E. orthography what now Rudd. renders this brush, as if it were the same with written brand. "Bronde of i.e. a fyre [Fr.] tison," the E. word. But this, as signifying "a rude assault, firebrand. V. Palsgr. B. iii. F. 22, a. a shock," although classed by Johns, with brush, "an instrument for rubbing," and derived from Fr. brosse, BRUNGLE, s. A a knavish of job, piece is radically a different word. Sax. bruijs-en, and to noise business, Clydes. Germ, braus-en, signify, make a ; Belg. to foam or roar like the sea. Hire, after This seems originally the same with Brangle, v. bruyssch-en, rendering Su.-G. brus-a, sonare, murmurare, adds; De s. cum ruentibus aut fiuctibus maris which BRUNSTANE, Sulphur, brimstone, aquis impetu ; is the idea the word as here used. Ayrs. very conveyed by Perhaps it is originally the same with A.-S. beraes-an, Wi' brunstane and wi' - scalding fat, impetuose proruere. They flamm d his carcass weel wi' that. Jacobite Relics, ii. 203. To BRUS, BRUSCH, v. a. To force open, to Germ, born-steen id. Kilian q. petra ardens, says ; press up. from Belg. born-en ardere. Scho gat hym with-in the dure : That sowne thai brussyd, wp in the flnre. BRUNSTANE, adj. Of or to sul- belonging Wyntovm, viii. 13. 70. S. phur, Wpe he stwrly bruschyd the dure, Be there gowd where he's to beek, And laid it flatlyngis in the flure. He'll rake it out o' brunestane smeek. Ibid. v. 93. Jacobite ii. 200. Relics, Sax. Sicamb. bruys-en, premere, strepere. Perhaps this is as natural an as of those to which s. A match in origin, any BRUNSTANE-MATCH, dipped E. bruise has been traced. sulphur ; denominated a spunk, S. vulgarly To v. n. To burst to " ' BRUSCH, forth, rash, Zeal catches fire at a as fast as a brun- slight spark to issue with violence. stane match,' observed the secretary." Tales of my Landlord, 2 Ser. ii. 142. With fell fechtyng off wapynnys gronndyn keyn, Blucl fra byrneis was bruschyt on the greyn. BRUNT, adj. Keen, eager, Perths. Wallace, x. 28. MS. Isl. This is the in MS. instead of v. 27. brun-a, currere ; brund-r, ovium appetitus co- reading cleyn, euudi and edit. ; synon. Teut. brunat, ardor ; catulitio. bruschyt, Furth bruschis the saule with stremes grete of blude. BRUNT, pret. and part. pa. Burned, or Doug. Virgil, 353. 33. burnt, S. The how cauerne of his wounde ane flude " Furth bruschit of the blaknit dedly blude. Eftir herried and brunt the toun of Stir- this, they Ibid. 303. 10, V. BRUS, *. ling. The haill landis of Dalkeith were brunt and s. To ride the destroyed." Pitscottie's Cron. p. 184. BRUSE, BROOSE, BRUISE, bruse. To run a race on at a Burned a term horseback, BRUNT, part. pa. ; used in wedding, S. various games, Clydes. This custom is still preserved in the country. Those In curling, when a stone is improperly touched, or who are at a wedding, the younger part of impeded in its course, it is said to be brunt. If thus especially the company, who are conducting the bride from her illegally touched by one on the other side, the move is own house to the bridegroom's, often set off at full the stone thrown off the course if lost, being ; by one speed, for the latter. This is called, riding the bruse. on the opposite side, the owner has a to it right place II who first reaches the house, is said to win the bruse. in the course where he pleases. In Blindman's-buff, At Brooses thou had ne'er a he who is twice crowned or touched on the head, by fellow, For pith an' speed. the taker, or him who is hoodwinked, instead of once Burns, iii. 142. only, according to the law of the game, the person taken is "Last week, a country ridden said to be brunt, and regains his liberty. wedding having through the town of Paisley, three of the party very BRUNTLIN, s. A burnt moor, Buchan. imprudently started for the Brooze, as it is called, and in one of the streets rode down a Probably corr. from brunt land. public young child, whose thigh bone was unfortunately broken." Edin. Come sing wi' me o' things wi' far mair feck, An' Even. Courant, Feb. 11. 1805. nae wi' Jatfiu owre the brunUin geek. Jamie and Johnnie maun ride in the broose, Tarras's Poems, p. 119. For few like them can sit in the saidle ; An' Willie o' BRUNTLIN, adj. Of or belonging to a burnt Cobraith, the best bows, Is to in the barn wi' his fiddle. ibid. trysted jig moor, Tannahill's Poems, Ed. 1876. BRU [318] BRW

This seems to have a common with 2. Metaph., to strive, to contend in whatever origin Browdyn, id. q.v. way. L. B. brusd-us and brust-us, aeupictus ; Du Cange. To think to ride or rin the bruise V. B0RDE, s. Wi' them ye name, feckless muse I'm sure ray hallin', BRUSKNESS, s. Unbecoming freedom of speech, Wa'd be to blame. S. JR. Galloway's Poems, p. 156. rudeness, incivility, "There hath been (I too much bruskness used Sibb. derives this from Teut. broes-en, to rush like a grant) I never occa- to ; wish ministers had given hurricane. But this v. is appropriated to the violent superiors sion thereby to many to entertain hard thoughts of any rushing of wind or water. I have been inclined to in the ministry." R. Douglasse's Serm. at the Down- think, that bruse must have some relation to a wed- sitting of Parliament, A. 1661, p. 26. ding, and might perhaps be allied to Moes-G. bruths, Fr. bruse, brusque, rash ; rude, uncivil. V. BRUISK. Germ, braut, sponsa, Belg. bruyen, married, brmjlofl, Su.-G. a a bridal, which Ihre de- broollop, wedding, To BRUSSEL, BRUSHEL, v. n. To rush rives from brud, bride, and lofwa, spondere, to engage ; in C. B. priodas, nuptiae. forward a fierce and disorderly way, Ayrs. Thus, to ride the bruse, seemed to to " literally signify V. BREESSIL. ride the wedding;" in the same manner in which we to "ride the when the of the say, market," magistrates BRUSSLE, s. Bustle, Loth. V. BREESSIL. town ride in procession round the ground, on which a This s. a common market is to be held, and as it were legally inclosed, evidently acknowledges origin stir." S. with A. Bor. "tobruzzle, to make a great ado, or Lett. 324. But I have lately met with an account of a custom Thoresby, Ray's p. from of the same kind, which was common in the North of Perhaps A.-S. brastl-ian, murmurare, crepere. England seventy or eighty years ago, and which sug- a different To BRUST, v. n. To burst. gests" etymon. Four with their were " in [young men] horses, waiting In this great extremitie, he brusteth out prayer, saluted the Bride at the without ; they church gate, and craveth of God, that he wald withdrawe his hand and immediately mounting, contended who should first from him for a space." Bruce's Eleven Serm. V. 3. b. " called carry home the good news, and win what they "He that cats [till] he brusts, will be the " quhile " the Kail, a smoking prize of Spice-Broth, which stood worse while he lives." S. Prov. A jocose return to to victor in this kind ready prepared reward the singular them that urge us to eat." Kelly, p. 146. of race." Brand's Popular Antiq. p. 336. It is also used as the " pret. As this is undoubtedly the same custom with ours, Bairns mother brust never;" S. Prov. "because riding the bruse must mean nothing more than riding she will keep meat out of her own mouth, and put it kail. bruse is the for the brose, broth, or Thus merely into theirs." Kelly, p. 62. A.-S. pi. briivaa, from briw. Teut. brost-en, brust-en, Sw. briet-a, id. Another custom, which has the same general origin, is retained in the North of England, and is thus de- BKUSURY, s. Embroidered. scribed. " Of nedil werk al brusit was his cote, To run the is to start for a favour for bride-door, His hosing schane of werk of Barbary, the bride to be run for the of the given by by youths In portrature of subtil trusury. till the neighbourhood, who wait at the church-door Doug. Virgil, 393. 14. marriage-ceremony is over, and from thence run to Teut. boordursel, id. V. BROWDYN. the bride's door. The prize is a ribbon, which is made into a cockade, and worn for that day in the hat of up s. rumour the same with the winner. If the distance is great, such as two or BRUTE, Report, ; three miles, it is usual to ride for the bride-door. In E. bruit. is Scotland the is a mess of brose ; the custom in prize " "Strabo perchance may be pardoned, for that there called for the brose. Gl. running Grose, Suppl. his time that part of the world was not sufficientlie V. BREE and BROSE. explored, and hee therefore have but followed the un- certane brute." Descr. of the Kingdome of Scotlande. s. To a brush at kind of *BRUSH, gie any V. also Bell. Cron. ii. 175, Ed. 1821. work, to assist by working violently for a s. A term used to denote the short time, S. BRUZZING, noise made by bears. This is a very slight deviation from the sense of the " " of of bears," &c. E. term, as denoting a rude assault." Mioling tygers, bruzzing Urqu- hart's Rabelais. V. CHEEPING. Dan. brus-er, to rush. Teut. bruys-en, rugire, strepere. or fond BRUSHIE, adj. Sprucely dressed, s. V. BEUS. " BRWHS, of dress He's a little brushie ; as, fallow," Than thai layid on dwyhs for dwyhs, Roxb. Mony a rap, and mony a brwhs. Wyntown, viii. 16. 20. Teut. bruys, spuma, bruys-en, spumare. that this is bruise as Mr. Macpherson conjectures ; is But it seems the same with BRU SIT, part. pa. Embroidered. dwyhs dusch or blow. Brus, s., q. v. The sone Pursevand gyd wes grathit I ges, Brusit with a greiue tre, gudly and gay. To BU, BUE, v. n. To low. It properly de- HcnOate, ii. 7. MS. notes the cry of a calf, S. Arcens Arcentis son stude on the wall, of the This is often distinguished from mue, which denotes His niantyll purpoure Iberyne, the of a cow to to bleat as a With nedil werk brtisit riche and fyne. lowing ; mae, signifies, Doug. Virgil, 298. 13. sheep, while the v. bae is used with respect to a lamb. BU [319] BUG

The only word to which this might seem allied is The v. to Bubble is sometimes used by itself to denote Lat. 600, are, id. But perhaps it is formed from the the effusion of tears : sound. And as he spake these words, the tears Cam bubblin doun his cheeks. s. 1. sound meant to excite BU, Boo, A terror, Ajax's Speech, kc. S. " BUBBLY, adj. Snotty, S. A. Bor. Boo, is a word that's used in the North of Scot- " The bairn has a bubbly nose. North." Gl. Grose. land to frighten crying children." Presbyterian Elo- 138. cjuence, p. BUBBLYJOCK, s. The vulgar name for a 2. A bugbear, an object of terror; Ibid. The turkey cock, S. synon. Polliecock, S. B. passage is too ludicrous for insertion. "Bubbly Jock. A turkey cock. Scotch." Grose's Class. Diet. This be from l>n, as a sound in imi- may denoting " ' Maister tation of the of a often used Now Angis, I sail thank ye for a priein o' ory calf, to frighten chil- ye're bubbly-jock.' To arrest the flow of his wit, dren. But perhaps it is rather allied to Belg. bauw, a Angus eagerly invited him to of a he was cutt- spectre. This word occurs in Teut. in bietebauw, byte- partake turkey ing up. 'Be doin', be doin',' he." Saxon and bauw, larva, spectrum. Biete is from blet-en, byt-en, cryed the Gael, i. 51. mordere, q. devouring goblin ; as in character re- The name seems to have from the sembling our Oyr-carlin. originated shape of his comb, which has considerable resemblance to s. the snot collected at a BU-KOW, Any thing frightful, as a scare- dirty child's nose. For the same reason, in the North of E., motergob is the name crow, applied also to a hobgoblin, S. " given to the red part of a turkey's head ;" Grose. From bu, and kow, cow, a goblin. V. Cow. s. s. BUCHT, A a fold. a BU-MAN, A goblin ; the devil, S., used as bending; [Also pen Bukow. in which ewes are milked.] V. BOUGHT. " Will ye go to the ewe-buchts, Marion ?" Teut. bulleman signifies, larva, a spectre. But per- T. T. Mis. haps our term is rather from bu and man. Ramsay's BUCHT, BUGHT, s. A measure of fishing BUAT, s. A lanthorn. V. BOWET. lines, being fifty-five fathoms, Shetl. s. a of " BUB, BOB, A blast, gust severe The ordinary complement of lines is 120 btiyhla, weather. each bught 55 fathoms long, with hooks at the inter- vals of four fathoms, or 14 hooks on each buy/it. The Ane blusterand bub, out fra the north braying, whole is 6600 fathoms or 7J miles, mounted with Can ouer the foreachip in the bak sail ding. about 1600 hooks." Agr. Surv. Shetl. 88. Doug. Virgti, 16. 19. from the different folds in these lines. The heuynnys all about Evidently With felloun to V. BOUCHT, . a curvature. noyis gan rummyll and rout ; Ane bub of waddir followit in the tail!, Thik schour of rane mydlit full of haill. BUCK, s. The carcase of an animal. Ibid. 105. 26. PL bubbis, 62. 55. "Be certane privat personis for thair awin com- Rudd. views this word as formed from the sound. moditie transporting in England yeirlie woll, scheip, But there is no reason for the supposition. I would and nolt, aboue the nowmer of ane hundretb thowsand rather derive it from Sw. by, a gust, a squall, as the pundis, sic derth is rasit in the cuntrie that ane primitive ; it be allied to Isl. although may bobbe, mutton buck is deirar and far surmount is the price of noxae or malum, ; E. 606, to beat, aa the ane boll of denoting quheit." Acts Ja. VI. 1592, Ed. 1814, p. suddenness of its Gael, how- "impulse. bobgournach, 577. ever, is rendered a blast," Shaw. The same with BOUK, BUIK, q. v. * BUBBLE, s. 1. As much snot as comes BUCK, *. The beech-tree. from the nose at S. once, "There is in it also woodes of and deir in " buck, There is them." Descr. of the a great bubble at your nose. Dight the Kingdome of Scotlande. A.-S. bubbles frae your nose, wean," S. boc, Su.-G. bok, Teut. buecke, fagus. V. BUIK, BUK, a book. 2. In S. pi. snot, ; bibbles, Aberd. To v. BUCK, n. To aim at any object, to To v. n. To shed tears in a sni- BUBBLE, push, to butt, Perths. velling, blubbering, and childish S. way, Alem. bock-en to strike ; whence Wachter derives Bibble, Aberd. bock, a he-goat, although the etymon may well be in- verted. Su.-G. bock, impulsus, ictus. To BUBBLE AND GREET, a vulgar phrase de- the act of To BUCK v. n. To make a noting crying or weeping, pro- out, gurgling perly as conjoined with an effusion of mucus noise, as liquids when poured from a strait- from the necked S. nostrils, S. bottle, ; probably formed from the "John Knox left sound. her [Q. Mary] bubbling and greet- ing, and came to an outer court where her Lady Maries were and To BUCK and a used to fyking dancing ; he said, O brave ladies, a CRUNE, phrase brave world if it would and at denote the last, heaven the hinder- evidences given of the greatest end ; but on that knave fy Death, that will seize upon solicitude for the of these bodies of and possession any thing. yours, where will all your fidling " and Ye needna insist for flinging be then ?" Walker's Remark. Passages on't, ye sanna get it, p. 60. if ye soud buck and crune for't ;" Dumfr. BUC [320] BUG

the to the It is supposed to refer to the conduct of buck, BUCKETIE, s. The name given paste for the doe. when rutting, in expressing his eagerness used weavers in their webs, S. with by dressing Isl. buck-a and Germ, bock-en, signify to strike from crune corr. from the grain the horns, to butt, from bock, cervus, caper. To O.; Buck-wheat, is to emit a hollow sound, as cattle do when dissatis- which it is made. fied. V. CROYN.

: of An harte belowyth and a bucke groynyth I fynde BUCKIE, BUCKY, s. 1. Any spiral shell, And eche roobucke certayn bellyth by kynde. whatever S. Boke of St. Alban's, D. ii. b. size, Neptune gave first his awful Trident, BTJCKALEE. And Pan the horns gave of a Bident. horn his of a Buckie Buclcalee, buckalo, bucka, bonnie belly ; Triton, trumpet Sae bonnie and sac brawly as the cowie cows the corn. Propin'd to him, was large and luokie, Muse's Threnodie, p. 2. The above is the call which is used to negligent Mearns. is herds, who allow the cows to eat the corn, The roaring buckie, Buccinum undatum, Linn, to Isl. Fancy might here find out a resemblance buck-a, the common great whelk. as a call subigere, domare, or Su.-G. buck-a, iuflectere, This is what Sibb. calls the Great Bulcky ; Fife, p. often be to drive the cows to the lea. But it will 134. He is supposed to give the name of Dog Bucky, for found vain labour to endeavour to seek an origin to some varieties of the Buccinum Lapillus, or Massy as in in- these traditionary rhymes ; especially many Whelk. V. Note, ibid. stances the terms seem to have originally had no pro- The name buckie is also given to the small black Turbo per meaning. whelk, which is commonly sold in the markets, of littoreus, Linn. BUCKASIE, BUCKACY, s. A species And there will be partans and buckies, or callimanco. buckram Speldens and haddocks anew. Ritson's S. i. 211. "Item, by the King's command, 5 quarters of Songs, doublate to littill 10 s." Ace'. " buckacy, for a Bell, Upon the sand by John Groat's House are found John of Treasurer to K. Jam ea III. with Bishop Glasgow, many small pleasant buckles and shells, beautified Borthwick's Remarks on Brit. Antiq. p. 131. A. 1474. diverse colours, which some use to put upon a " Decretis that Robert Reid sail content & string as beeds, and accounted much of for their rarity.' to Thomas &c. five paye Andersone, lang govnys, Brand's Orkn. and Shetl. Isl. p. 139. in it." a doublat of bukkesy, w' a wyle cot of quhit o' Groat's is "Cypraea pecticulus, or John bucky, Act. Audit. A. 1478, p. 83. found on all the shores of Orkney." Neill's Tour, p. haill two half "Buckasie, the peece conteining pee- 16. Rates. A. 1611. Rates, A. 1670. ces, xl." Buckasay, This name is appropriated in Shetl. to one species Fr. a kind of fine buckram, resembling boccasin, of whilk : taffeta also callimancoe Ed- ; ; Cotgr. "Murex Despectus, Buckie, Large Wilk," monstone's Zetl. ii. 323. the name to the short of S. BUCKAW, given game, This word, although used through the whole It is most which a bonspel, or match at curling, is seems to be peculiar to this country. proba- by to as this Lanarks. bly derived from Teut. buck-en, to bow, bend, concluded, the shell. Thus Lincolns. generally expresses the twisted form of the which backs or is Perhaps from backaut, q. game and S. wilk, used in the same sense, (A.-S. weak,) by It be however, succeeds all the rest. might traced, Skinner supposed to be from A.-S. wealc-an, volvere, that to Isl. buck-a, domare, subigere, and all, omnis ; q. revolvere because this kind of shell is wreathed into " ; which settles the that Germ, bug all, conquering game." a spiral form. Wachter observes, denoted that imitated the bend- to anciently every thing s. The is confirmed the BUCKBEAN, name, according ing of a circle. This derivation by some, given in lloxb. to the common trefoil. metaph. use of the word. For, It seems rather to be the Trifoliata, Menyanthes or is thus de- Marsh or It like a bean. 2. A perverse refractory person trefoil, bog-bean. grows very a drink it for ; as, The people in the South of S. infuse and nominated with an epithet conjoined its medicinal virtues. harsher thrawn buckie, and sometimes, in still In Trefoil is called bock-blad by the in- Sweden, a DeiVs S. habitants of Scania, (Linn. Flor. Suec. No. 173); q. language, buckie, leaf. For the same as would the goat's blade or reason, Gin ony sour-mou'd girning bucky it is denominated seem, in another Swedish province Ca' me conceity keckling chucky ; getklofmmj, ibid. Buckbean is an E. word, however, I'll answer sine, Gae kiss your Lucky. ii. 350. and has been most probably borrowed by our borderers. Ramsay's Poems, and derives it from Teut. Skinner writes bucks-beans, " Ere he reached the end of the long avenue, a ball that there is no bocksboonen, faba hircina ; adding, of a was whistled past him, and the report pistol resemblance between water trefoil and beans, ' although heard. It was that deevil's buckie, Callum Beg,' said a deal between lupins and them. the great AlJck, 'I saw him whisk away through amang There seems little reason to doubt that this word has " reises. Waverley, iii. 133. transmitted from the ancient inhabitants been Belgic " I dinna ken what I'm to do wi' this deil's buckie ; of Britain. he's like the tod's whelps, that grow aye the langer Perils of ii. 39. s. name in to a the waur." Man, BUCKER, A given species used. I find the phrase di/tit, i.e. doitit buckie, of whale, West of S. I taul her how our neibour Manse or Oca," Linn., is 108. "Grampus, Bucker, Delphinus Ca'd him a dytit buckie. Tarras's Poems, p. of Glas- mentioned a,s a fish found in the frith Clyde, gow, Statist. Ace. v. 535. This, elsewhere, by mistake, BCCKIE that of crab denomi- ibid, INGRAM, species is confounded with the P. Dumbarton, porpoise. nated Cancer bernardus, Newhaven. iv. 22. BUG [321] urn

know well it is BUCKIK PHINS, A periwinkle; Turbo terebra, that of far greater antiquity. It has evidently been transmitted from the times of heathen- Linn. This name is used in the of vicinity ism. Whether our ancestors had borrowed it imme- Leith. shells are also called water- These diately from the Romans, I cannot pretend to say. But it is certain that this existed stoups. superstition among them in its full force. They also excluded the whole

< of this month from all connubial honours Hi KIK-KUFF, a wild giddy boy, or romping ; being per- suaded that the celebrated would Fife. seems with nuptials during May girl, Kuff synon. Rujfie, be unlucky and short-lived. v. q. Nee vidnae taedis eadeni, nee virginis apta dinturna fuit. Tempora ; quae nupxit, nee 8. smart on the BUCKIE, A blow, especially Hac quoque de causa, si te prorerbia tangunt, Meuse malas Maio uubere ait. chops, Aberd., Mearns. vulgus Ovid. Fast. L. V. 487. Su.-G. ictus Alem. ferire. bock, impulsus, ; bock-en, as Or, it is rendered by Massey : BUCKIE, s. the hinder These days are om'nous to the nuptial tye, Apparently quarters For she who marries then ere will die of a Banffs. long ; hare, And let me here remark, the vulgar say, are the wives that wed in Than Robie charg'd his gun wi' slugs Unlucky May. To spice her hue/at. S. Taylor's S. Poems, p. 91. To BUCKLE to, v. n. To join in marriage, Teut. buyck, venter ; et uterus. To her came a rewayl'd draggle, Wha had bury'd wives anew, s. BUCKIE-TYAUVE, A struggle, a wrest- Ask'd her in a manner legal, '* GUI she wadua buckle too ling-match, in good humour. A buckie- [r. to]. Tram's Poetical Keveries, p. 64. tyauve in the rockel," a struggle in the porch, Banffs. BUCKLE-THE-BEGGARS, s. One who marries others in a clandestine and disorderly man- From Isl. lmck-a, subigere, domare, or bokkl, vir graudis, and tyaitve, the act of tousiug. V. TAAVE, ner, S. and a blow. BUCKIE, There is the same analogy in Belg. koppelaar, a pander, from koppelen to to make a match. BUCKISE, *. A smart stroke, Aberd. couple, Strath- To BUCKISE, v. a. To beat with smart strokes. BUCKSTURDIE, adj. Obstinate, more. ib. stiff aa a from Isl. Perhaps q. he-goat ; bock, caper, Teut. boock-e*, bole-en, tundere, pulsare, batuere, Fr. and ttird-ur, rigidus. Or the first syllable may be from buqu-er, Germ, boch-en, beuk-en, Su.-G. bok-a, id. The Germ, bock-en, to butt, to push with the horn. origin seems to be Germ, bock, Isl. btick-r, a ram, or goat, as with its horn. Isl. calcitrare striking bttck-a, . tooth that out beria BUCKTOOTH, Any juts quasi jumenta ; og bucka, ferire et vcrberare ; G. from the S. Andr. p. 41. rest, Sibb. derives this from Soks, q. v. It is perhaps To v. a. 1. To two BUCKLE, join persons allied to Su.-G. bok, rostrum. in used in the kinds of our fore- marriage ; a low or ludicrous Among many sobriquet used by fathers to individuals who had the same sense, S. distinguish name, none was more common than one borrowed from Soon they loo'd, and soon ware buckled, gome bodily imperfection. Thus we find a of Nane took time to think and me. person the name of Stewart characterised from the projection JIacneiU's i. 10. Poems, of one or more of his teeth. " Schir Thomas was slane be Alexander 2. To Buckle with a person, to be so engaged Boyde Stewart buktutli and his souues." Addicioun to Scottis in an argument as to have the worst, Fife. Cornillis, p. 3. 3. To be Buckled with a to be so en- thing, BUD, BUDE, v. impers. Behoved. in business as to be at a loss to gaged any When first this war i' France Iwgan, " Our accomplish it. In this sense it is said, I blades bude hae a meddlin' hand. Ilogtfi Scot. Paxlorals, p. 15. V. BOOT. was fairly buckled wtt," Fife. BUDE-BE, s. An act which it behoved one in To BUCKLE, v. n. To be married, S. " duty to perform, Clydes. May, though it is the sweetest month in a' the is the month that in year, only nobody the north BUDNA, behoved not, might not, Roxb. country ever thinks o' buckling in it would Ire looked Fu' weel I ken'd a' night she budna stay, on as a mere tempting of Providence." Reg. Dalton, But bude come back, an" eerie was the way. iii. 163. A. The Scott's Poems, 1811, p. 86. vulgar are here made to assign a very odd reason for this s. superstition. BUD, A gift ; one that is meant ' generally That poor silly Jeezabel, our Queen Mary, as a bribe. married that lang-legged ne'er-do-weel, Darnley, m the month of Se na man to the King eirand May, and ever sinsyne, the Scots folk speik, Bot we ane hud or ellis we sal it breik. have regarded it as no canny." Ibid. 164. gif get ; p. And thay ar full of sic Although, for the of the the qnhan wrung win, oddity fancy, ingenious thair leif in. Thay get ; and hungryar emus author of this work has carried the no farther prejudice Sa scharp ar thay, and narrowl'ie can gadder, back tlian to the of age our he must the as war unhappy queen, Thay pluck puir, thay powaud hadder ; Rz BUD [322] BUF

Ami taks buds fra men baith neir and far as allied ; to 0. Fr. bugeon, a bolt or arrow with a great And ay the last ar than the first far war. head. Priests of Peblis, p. 24. Roquefort not only mentions bougeon, but also hour/?, "All sail the sweir in the and jugeis gar assysouris boulge, which he expl. ; Fileche qui a une tete. of thair ar to making aith, quhen thay chargit assysis, He gives Bouge distinctly, as corresponding with that nouther haue nor sail thay tane, tak meid na buddis faucille, a scythe, and serpe, a little bill. of ony partie : And gif ony sic be geuin, or hecht, or To v. n. ony prayer maid befoir the geuing out of the declara- BUE, To low as a bull. Another tioun and determinatioun of the assysouris : the said term denotes the of lowing a cow ; Mite. assysouris sail opinly reueill the buddis, giftis, or pray- Clydes. aris, and the quantitie and maner thairof to the juge in C. B. both plane court." Acts Ja. I. 1436. c. 155 edit. ; 1566. bu, buwch, signify bos, and vacca ; Isl. c. 138. Murray. bu, armenta. As banl-a, in the last-mentioned lan- At first view one might suppose that this were ori- guage, signifies to low, hence perhaps Belg. bulk-en, id. ginally the same with bod, an offer or proffer. But BAF, a which seems to have been the last passage, and many others that might be quoted, BUF, phrase determine the sense otherwise. Buddes talcing, Ja. V. formerly used in S. as expressive of con- 1450. c. is of or 104, Murray, evidently receiving gifts tempt of what another has said. bribes. The following lines fully confirm this ex- "Villox be sould planation, proposed quhat vay they admit thair minister-is ; for said he, ve admit thame be The carlis they thikkit fast in cluds, gif the of the vil be askit of Agane the man was mareit, impositione handis, lyk vs, that ve schau that ve var admittit the With breid and beif. and utliir buds, to ministrie vith Syne to the kirk thame kaivit. sik ane ceremonie, be pastoris quha teached in the kirk Chron. S. P. i. 361. of Scotland befoir vs : Johann Kmnox ansuerit maist resolutlie, ve ar anes lat se C. B. build, Com. bud, profit, emolument. Or shall buf, bnf, man, entered, dar vs out that thair vas not we view it as formed from A.-S. biule, obtulit, q. the quha put agane, mening so monie and in the to bribe that has been offered t Skinner derives it from gunnis pistollis cuntrey put him out, as vas to intrud him vith violence." Nicol A.-S. hot, compensatio. But as this word is retained Burne, F. b. in S. in its original form, no good reason can be given 128, Teut. id. Kilian also why in one instance it should assume a form so different beffe, nugae, irrisio, ; boff, as that of bud. nebulo, nequam, Su.-G. bof, id. boffua, petulant Fr. persons ; buffoi, vanite', orgueil. Sana buffoi, sans Diet. Trev. Hence E. To BUD, BUDD, v. a. To endeavour to gain moquerie ; buffon, buffoon. by gifts, to bribe. BUFE, s. Beef, S. B. "The conceived in their Bishops minds, that, if This is nearly allied to Fr. boeuf, id. But perhaps met with our he would cause him it is more connected King Henry King, immediately with Isl. bufe, cattle ; to cast down the of like as Abbays Scotland, he had bufie, "domestic animals, and " especially cows, goats, done in Therefore budded the to Verel. England. they King sheep, ; from bu, an ox, cow, goat, or sheep. bide at and him three thousand Pounds home, yave by Here perhaps we have the root of Lat. bos, bovis. to sustain his of their benefices." Pits- JUnn sa er mestur year house, fiaulldi, er sua fellur nidur sem bufe ; 148. cottie, p. "The most of men die like cattle." Specul. Regal, p. "I need not either bud or flatter temptations and 356. crosses, nor strive to buy the devil, or this malicious world by, or redeem their kindness with half a hair's To BUFF, v. n. To emit a dull sound, as a

breadth of truth : who is for he, surety his servant bladder filled with wind does, S. for good, doth powerfully over-rule all that." He hit him on the wame a Rutherford's Lett. P. I. ii. 72. wap, " ep. It like bledder. I have that can hire or buft ony nothing bud grace ; for Chr. Kirk, st. 11. if grace would take hire, it were no more grace." It S. It made no Ibid. Ep. 86. played buff, impression. BUFF, s. A term used to a dull BUDTAKAR, s. One who receives a bribe. express sound, S. "The ane half [of movable guidis] to be applyit to lord Fris. our souerane ; and the uther half to the Perhaps boff-en, a contractu resilire, has as reveilar and tryar of the saidis budtakaris. And fur- much affinity as any of the terms mentioned. ther decemis and ordanis to the the saidis budtakaris to be Belg. boff-en, puff up cheeks with wind ; Fr. to Teut. displacet and depriuit simpliciter of thair offices, bouff-er, puff ; poff-en, ructare. Germ, bufext, quhilkis they beir in the College of Justice, and to a puff-ball; puff-en, sonare, i.e. flare cum sono, es puffit, be declarit Wachter. and are infame," &c. Acts Ja. VI. 1579, Ed. 1814, sonat, crepat ; Bof pof mentioned a, as p. 153. V. BUD, 8. gift. by Kilian, denoting the sound emitted by the cheeks in consequence of being inflated. invited BUDDEN, part. pa. Asked, ; as, " To v. a. To to I'm budden to the waddin," I am invited BUFF, buff corn, give grain to the not half thrashing, S. wedding ; Unbudden, invited, " Roxb. A field of growing corn, much shaken by the storm, is also said to be buffed." Gl. Surv. Nairn. " he s. A kind of bill a warlike instru- 'Why, has suck'd the monkey so long and so BUDGE, ; said the 'that the best of him is ment. often,' boatswain, bufd.'" The Pirate, iii. 282. " Nane vyle strokis nor wappinnis had thay thare, To suck the monkey," to suck or draw wine or any Nouthir nor mace. spere, budge, staf, pol ax, swerd, other liquor, privately out of a cask, by means of a Doug. Viryil, 354. 21. straw, or small tube." Grose's Class. Diet. This Rudd. renders a bow A.-S. best of him is a "f. ; boga, Teut. "The buft," phrase commonly used doyen, arcus." But more probably, a bolt or javelin, to denote that one is declining in life, that one's natural i ! [323] BUG

is S. Moat borrowed .strength much gone, probably BUFFER, s. A foolish fellow; a term much from the thrashing of grain. used in fresh young people, Clydes. To l:ii/ lii-rrinij, to steep salted herrings among water, and hang them up, S. Teut. boef, boeverit, Su.-G. bofweri, are used in a This word, as used according to the first and second worse sense than the S. word, being rendered, nequitia, nebulo. modes of expression, is evidently the same with Alein. from Teut. boevr, Germ, to strike. But the is rather Fr. "often buff-en, pulsare ; whence puff-en, origin bouffanl, Hence, puffing, st routing out, swelling with anger," Cotgr.; from bouff-er, to puff, to swell up, to wax big. BrFF, s. A stroke, a blow, S. BUFFETS, g. pi A swelling in the glands The HO bousteroualy abaisit him, buff of To the crd he duschyt doun. the throat, Ang. (branks, synon.) probably Chr. Kirk, st. 13. from Fr. bouffe, swollen. B. Fr. bouffe, a blow ; Germ. Su.-G. pu/, id. L. BUFFETSTOOL, s. BUFFATE-STULE. A '<".//'", alapa. stool with sides, in form of a square table To BUFF out, v. n. To S. laugh aloud, with leaves, when these are folded down, S. Fr. to a sudden, violent, and " boiiff-er, puff, bottffee, Lincolns. id. A four-legged stool. North." short blast, buff-ir, to spurt, all appear to have some as the action of of Gl. Grose. affinity ; expressing the muscles the face, or the sound emitted in violent laughter. "That Henry Lees sail restore xii trunscheouris, a pare of tanigeis, ii buffate stulis, & a bakit stulc," i.e. BUFF, *. Nonsense, foolish talk, S. one with a batk. Act. Audit. A. 1478, p. 67. Yet nae great ferly tho' it be But he has gotten an auld wife, And she's Plain buff, wha wad consider me ; come hirpling hame ; I'm no book-lear'd. And she's fa'n o'er the buffet-stool, A. Nicol's Poems, p. 84. And brake her rumple-bane. Mayhap he'll think me wondrous vain, Herds Coll. ii. 229. And ca't vile stuff ; Jean brought the buffet-stool in bye, Or say it only gi'es him paiu A kebbuck mould and mited. To read sic buff. A. Douglas's Poems, p. 96. Shirrej's Poems, p. 338. Fr. buffet is expl. by Roquefort, Dressoir, which de- Hence the probably reduplicative, notes a board for holding plate, without box or drawer. It have received its from its often s. Skin. to the may name, being BUFF, Stript luff, stript the used by vulgar as a table ; Fr. buffet, a side-board. naked, S. 1. BUFFIE, BUFFLE, adj. Fat, purfled ; I know not if this can have any reference to E. buff, as "leather from the skin of a to the S. Fr. blown denoting" prepared applied face, bouffe, or as this animal. buffalo, buffe, Cotgr. designs up, swollen. is used '' BUFF NOR STYE. The phrase 2. Shaggy; as, a buffie head," when the hair a who from fear is both Fife concerning sheepish fellow, copious and dishevelled, ; given loses his recollection or a foolish who as ; one, synon. with Touzie. has scarcely any to lose; He cou'd neither Of or to the " BUFFIL, adj. belonging say buff nor stye, S. i.e. He could neither buffalo. say one nor another." It is also " thing used, Ane buffi.ll coit ;" Aberd. Reg. A. 1563, V. 25. Per- but, I suspect, improperly, in regard to one haps a kind of jack or coat of leather stuffed. the dozen iii who has no has neither "Belts called bvffil belts, s." Rates activity ; He buff nor A. 1611. "Hingers of buffil," &c., ibid. with S. B. stye him, In both places it is changed to buff. Rates A. 1670. It is used in This shews that the leather we now call was another form ; to ken, or hiote, neither buff, buff" nor lye. originally called buffil, or buffalo. And first he brought a dozen'd drone, un- And rais'd him up on high, sir, BUFFLIN, part. pr. Rambling, roving, Who knew not what was or settled still from to right wrong, ; running place place, And neither buff nor sty, sir. or in some new or another ; Jacobite Relics, i. 80. engaged project a term to Tweed. "This phrase, it would seem, is used in Ayrs. in a generally applied boys ; form different from all the as examples already given, Fr. bvffelin, of or belonging to a wild ox ; q. resem- if both these words were verbs. " bling it. He would neither buff nor ntye for father nor mo- " friend nor foe a' . Pantomime dances ; so ther, ; the king's forces would na hae BUFFONS, pi. him his wife's head in a wiselike manner to gart carry denominated from the buffoons, le boufons, the The ii. kirk-yard." Entail, 140. whom were Gl. Although this expression is probably very ancient, by they performed." its origin is quite obscure. Teut. bof occurs in the Compl. sense of celeiinma, as a cheer made " denoting by mariners, Braulis and branglis, buffoons, vitht mony vthir when they exert themselves with united or strength, lycht daiisis." Compl. S., p. 102. V. BRAXGLIS. encourage one another. Should we suppose there were relation to any this, stye might be viewed as referring BUG, pret. Built, S. O. to the act of the shrouds, from Su.-G. mounting stig-a, But wae be to your ewe-herd, father, to ascend. is This, however, ill he die only vague conjecture. And an deed may ; BUG [324] BUI

He bug the bought at the back o' the know, A literary friend in E. remarks, that this is, "a And a tod has frighted me. bull's horn. Bugle and Bull," he adds, "are inflections Hi. 284. of in at Minstrelsy Border, the same word ; and Hampshire, Newport, ken we our and other the Inn exhibits the Ye joyfu' bug nest, Fareham, towns, Bugle And clos t it a' about. sign of a terrific Bull." Phillips, indeed, defines Bugle, A. Wilson's Poems, 1790, p. 189. V. Bio, . "a sort of wild ox;" and Hulolt, "Buffe, bugle, or wilde oxe, Bubalus, Tarandulus, Vrus ;" Abcedar. Built ; from the v. to BIG, BUGGEN, part. pa. Some derive this, q. buculae cornu, the horn of a cow from Teut. German, Clydes. young ; others, boghel, bugel, curvatura. The latter term is of the form "My blither, ha'in bugr/en the clraucht tuke the descriptive of the horn. naig, to lead him hame, whan, till our amazement, we him to be a' lashan wi' sweat." Edin. perceived BUGLE LACE, apparently a kind of lace Mag., Sept. 1818, p. 155. resembling the small bead called a bugle. s. BUGABOO, A hobgoblin, Fife; pron. "Bugle lace, the pound 1 s." Rates, A. 1611. q. buggabu (Gr. v.) BUICK, s. This seem corr. from But might Boyllbo. perhaps baburd the of the sand On syd, vhirling ; we should rather view it as of S. bugge, compounded On steirburd syd, the roks lay off the land. and a term of terror. V. bugbear, boo, bu, expressive Betuixt the tua, ve tuik sic taillyeweis, Bu. At hank and buick we skippit syndrie seis. Montgomery's Poems, p. 238. s. A name for calico. BUGASINE, Su.-G. bunke is expl. Tabulatum navis quo co3li callico ells 4s." vectoribus et mercibus the "Bugasinea or 15 the piece Rates, injuriae defenduntur, a ; A. 1670. gunwale. But this term more nearly resembles Teut. This is given as a distinct article from Buckasay, oeuck van f schip, carina : pars navis, quam alvum, though it appears to claim a common origin. uterum, aut ventrem vocant : navis concavitas. The of hank is uncertain. " meaning s. Lamb's furr; Fr. agnelin," Rudd. BUGE, Court' sied from the v. Beck. pret. ; The burges bringis in his buith the broun and the blak, BUICK, her she hailst her with a Byand besely bayne, huge, beuer and byce. To hies, and jouk, 238 b. 12. The lass hame her and buick. Doug. Virgil, ; paid compliment, " Ross's Ilelenore, p. 68. Item, ane nycht gown of lycht tanny dalmes, lynit with blak huge, and the breist with mertrikis." To BUIGE, v. n. Inventories, A. 1542, 78. p. I thraldome I hate ; yet man buige, and bek, "Five stikkis of of c & trelye sindry hewis, j huge And jouk, and nod, sum patroun for to pleys. Maitland Poems, 150. ane half hunder." Act. Dom. Couc. A. 1490, p. 158. Arbuthnot, p. "Budge, move about," Gl. But surely it signifies BUG SKIN, a lamb's skin dressed. bow, especially as conjoined with bek; A.-S. bug-au, to bend. "Five stikkis of trailye, price xxj lb., ane hundreth stinnis and ane half hundreth," &c. Act. Dom. bug BUIK, s. The body. V. BOOK. Cone. A. 1491, p. 199. "That James sail restore ane hundreth Dury bug BUIK, BUKE, pret. Baked. .ikynnis," &c. Act. Dom. Cone. A. 1491, p. 199. Ane kneddin that intill ane O. E. rendered Fr. "rommenis, troche, lay nuke, bouge furre, by Wald hald ane boll of flour quhen that scho bulk. de Lombardie';" B. iii. F. 21. This is peavx Palsgr. Dunbar, Maillaud Poems, p. 73. obviously the same with E. budge, "the dressed skin A.-S. boc, coxit, from bac-an. or furs of lambs ;" Phillips. Fr. bouge, E. budge, id. BUIK, BUK, BUKE, BEUK, s. 1. A book, S. Than lay I furth my bricht buik in breid on my kne, s. A V. BOGGARDE. BUGGE, bugbear. With mony lusty letter illuminit with gold. Dunbar, Maitland Poems, p. 60. s. A a S. B. This BUGGLE, bog, morass, The Prolong of the auchtaude Buk seems to be merely a dimin. from Ir. and E. In-to this chapter now yhe luk. Wyntown, viii. ProL bog. Bible a of re- 2. The Buik, the Holy ; phrase BUGHE, s. Braid of bughe. " spect resembling Lat. Biblia, S. Hence, He had ressauit ane braid of bughe fra him to eit." Aberd. from the must Reg. Braid, connexion, signify, To TAK THE BUIK, to perform family worship, bread or loaf. Bughe may be corr. from Fr. bouche, S. as pain de bouche denotes "a very light, very crustie, ' ' and savoury white bread, full of eyes, leaven and salt," Our worthy old patriarch, in the fine summer as it is also his wife and children to the Cotgr. ; perhaps, denominated pain mollet, evenings, would go with soft bread, de bouche denotes that it is grateful to the Wardlaw, through some miles of rough road distant, mouth or de bonne bouche. seat himself in the and take the taste, q. preacher's place," Beuk, with his family around him." Taking the beuk. s. in the BUGHT, A pen which ewes are To describe this sublime ceremony of devotion to God, milked. V. BOUGHT. a picture of the Cottar's Ha', taken from the more primitive times of rustic simplicity, will be most ex- BUGIL, BUGILL, s. A buglehorn. pressive and effectual." Cromek's Remains, pp. 19. 258. Sa bustuouslie Boreas his bugiU blew The dere full derne doun in the dalis drew. Germ, bitch, Franc. Alem. buoch, puach, Belg. bonk, id. Doug. Virgil, 281. 17. A.-S. boc, Moes-G., Isl., Su.-G., bok, BUI BUI

it is Northern This is an error for in rather ; as It has been generally supposed, that the leair, MS., the materials edit. 1648. nations give this name to a book, from interpreted beech-tree of which it was first made, // signifying a ; I wald rather at mine awn will have thee. in the same manner as the Latins adopted the designa- inner coat of on S. tion liber, which is properly the lark, BUIRE, pret. Bore, brought forth, which it was for the ancients to write ; and customary "Schoe buire aucht Kiirnes, of the quhilkis thair the Greeks that of the Iwcause the /Sc/SXos, jut/ii/i-it.*, was tuo sonnes," &c. Pitscottie's Cron. p. 58. inner bark of this Egyptian reed was used in the same manner. BUISE. To shoot the buise. BUIKAR, s. Apparently, clerk or book-keeper. Tho' some's exempted from the Test, not from the rest ' ' exempted Item the said the Moderator collected fra They're day Of penal statutes (who ere saw minister of the presbyterie sex shillings aucht every A subject placed above the law ?) for the of Molerus and de- pennies bying vpone Isay, Which rightly weigh 'd and put in use, to the lyuerit the same to John Roche collector giff Might yet cause some to shoot the buise. bui/car." Roc. Presb. Aberd. Life of Melville, li. 481. (Maud's Poems, p. 94. A.-S. scriba Moes-G. bocere, scriptor, ; interpres. It seems synon. with the cant E. term, to swing, i.e. bokareis also scriba. signifies to be hanged. Perhaps baite is allied to Ital. busco, fatal tree the shoot of a tree, to from the ; BUIK-LARE, s. Learning, the knowledge ac- q. spring as to shoot a bridge, E. signifies to pass swiftly under S. quired by means of a regular education, one of its arches. Sometimes, however, it simply signifies instruction v. Fife. V. by means of the book, or by letters. A man, who has BUIST, impers. Behoved, BOOT, never been taught to read, says, "I gat nae buik-lare," BUT. S. BUIST, s. A part of female dress, anciently BUIK-LEAK'D, BOOK-LEAR'D, adj. Book- worn in S. learned, S. To mak thame sma the waist is bound ; -I'll tell you, but a lie, A buist to mak their bellie round : I'm no book-lear'd. Thair bosterit behind buttokis up ; A. Nicol's Poems, p. 84. A fartigal to gatlu'r wind. Isl. boklaerd-ur, id. V. LAKE, v, and . MaMand Poems, p. 186. My late worthy friend, Sir Alexander Seton of Pres- s. Apparently much of the same sig- BUIL, ton, in some notes on the DICT., renders this stays. nification with S. Bucht, Shetl. V. the v. Mr. Pinkerton renders this "busk." We may rest in this if busk be understood in the Su.-G. boele, byle, domuncula. explanation, sense in which Cotgr. defines Fr. hue, busq, or bust?, a " To BUIL, BUILD, v. a. To drive sheep into plated body, or other quilted thing, worn to make, or cattle or keep, the body straight." Ital. biisto, stays or fold, to house in a byre, Shetl. ; bodice. For some sort of woni with Bucht. protuberance, by synon. the ladies before, must be meant, .as corresponding to "That building, punding, and herding be used in a the pad, which even then had been in fashion bcbjnd. little after and was written the of lawful way before, or a sunsetting ; This poem probably during reign that none scare, hound, or break up their neighbour's Ja. V. panels and bulls, under the pain of 10 Scots, besides " . A thick and used Shetl. ; damages. Court Laws of Shetland ; Agr. Surv. BUIST, gross object p. 2. of animate beings, as, He's a buist of a fal- He is a man ThaCs a buist a BUILDING, *. The act of inclosing sheep or low, gross ; of a horse Lanarks. cattle, ibid. V. the v. horse, strong-bodied ; From Fr. buste, as denoting a cast of the gross part s. BUILYETTIS, BULYETTIS, pi Probably of the body : or q. shaped like a buist or box. pendants. " BUIST, BUSTE, BOIST, . 1. A box or chest, Ane creill with sum of allabast [alabaster] images S. Meal chest for meal. and builyettis." Inventories, A. 1578, p. 238. buist, containing "Ane creill with sum bulyettis of tymmer and pip- "The Maister of the money sail answer for all gold Ibid. and siluer, that salbe strickin vnder him, the pennis." quhill " 0. Fr. bulletle, ornement que le femmes portoient au Wardane haue tane assay thairof, & put it in his buist.

col; Bullettea ; "such bubbles, or bobs Ja. II. Parl. 1451 ; c. 34 ; edit. 1566. Roquef. Suppl. " 33, of glasse as women weare for pendants at their eares ;" Becaus the liquor was sweit, sche hes licked of that In -I- Cotgr. ofter than twyse since." Knox's Hist. p. 292. "Bust or box," Lond. edit. p. 316. s. A a BUILYIE, perplexity, quandary, The lady sone the boyst has soght lloxb. And the unement has sho broght. Ywaine, 1761. Ritson's E. M. Rom. This might seem, at first view, to be abbreviated "What is it that hath his stomacke h\to & boost and from Barbulyie, id. But Isl. bull is explained confusio, f, his into his ? It is an olde man fedde with and bull-a samen, confuudere. The simple sense of the eyes pocket boost confections or cured coutinuall v. is to 1 K>il. with purgations, hauing his spectacles, his eyes of glasse, into a case." BUIR. Z. Boyd's Last Battell, p. 529. I had tuir at myn awn will haiff the 2. coffin but still some- A ; nearly antiquated, Than off pur gold a kingis ransoune. Wallace, vi. 898. Perth edit. times used by tradesmen, Loth. BUI [326] BUL

of 3. The distinctive mark put on sheep, whether "Ransounes, buitinges, raysing taxes, impositions," are mentioned ; Acts Ja. VI. 1572 c. 50. an or Roxb., Tweecld. ; by iron, by paint, Butyne is the form of the word in 0. E. "I a " parte "Bust, Boost, tar mark upon sheep, commonly the butyne or a pray taken in the warre. Palsgr. B. iii. initials of the proprietor's name ;" Gl. Sibb. F. 313, a. Fr. Ital. If in my yard again I find them, butin, butino, Belg. buet, buyt, Isl., Sw., Dan., I'll them Various are the derivations of the term pind ; bytte. given Or catch them in a net or giru thus diversified. Ihre, with considerable probability, Till I find out the boost or birn. deduces it from Su.-G. byt-a, to divide, because in Jtuickbie's 112. Way-side Cottager, p. ancient times the generals were wont to divide the prey It is evident, that this use of the term might have taken in battle among their soldiers, as the reward of been confined to mark from their service. originally the painted ; Buist, the box in which the paint was contained. The s. Matches for firelocks. distinction, indeed, is retained, in this passage, be- BUITS, pi. this the burn- tween mark and bint, or that made by A literary friend suggests, that this seems to come ing. from the same source with Bowel, a lanthorn. Shaw, however, Gael, buile as a firebrand. 4. Transferred to viewed as a dis- gives signifying any thing Ir. buite is expl. by Lhuyd and Obrien, fire. tinctive characteristic of a fraternity. "It is objected against me only, as if no other " officer were to an neither for He is not of the brotherhood of Saint Mary's at give account, regiment, nor that on this our least he has not the buist of these black cattle." Monas- company, corporalship, unhappy day there were no buiti the tery, ii. 282. lighted among musquetry." Gen. Baillie's Lett. ii. 275. This is merely a figurative use of the term. O. Fr. Arm. a box. This Caseneuve boute, bouest, To BUITTLE, BOOTLE, v. n. To walk un- derives from L. B. bustea, id., also bosla, buista, busta. short with a kind These are all used for the pix, or box in which the host gracefully, taking steps, was But the L. seems to preserved. B. designation of stotting or bouncing motion, Roxb. have been borrowed from Su.-G. byssa, Belg. buns, id., Can this be a dimin. from S. BOUT, to leap, to spring ? which Ihre deduces from the name of the box tree, because much used for this anciently purpose. BUKASY, BUKKESY, s. A stuff formerly It may be observed, however, that Kilian Fr. gives used for female dress. V. BUCKASIE. boiste, cistula, as allied to Teut. boosts, a hull or husk, folliculus. siliqua, BUK-HID, BUK-HUD, s. v. a. cattle To BUIST, To mark or sheep with Quhyls wald he let her ryn beneth the strae, Quhyls wald he wink, and play with her Buk-hid, the proprietor's distinctive mark, Roxb., Thus to the silly mous grit harm he did. Tweedd. Ilenrysone, Evergreen, ii. 152. st. 25. So day by day scho plaid with me bukhud, s. The iron a dis- BUISTIN'-IRON, by which With mony skornis and mokkis behind my bak. MS. Chron. S. P. iii. tinguishing mark is impressed upon sheep, Bannatyne 237. This seems to be an old name for some S. The box in which the tar is kept, is game, pro- bably Blind man's Buff, Sw. blind-bock, q. bock, and called the Tar-buist, ibid. hufvmd head, having the head resembling a goat. V. BELLY-BLIND. The sense, however, would To BUIST v. a. To to shut perhaps up, inclose, up. agree better with Bo-peep, or Hide and seek. Syn I am subject som tyme to be seik, And of auld diseis To v. a. To to daylie deing my ; BUKK, incite, instigate. Ait ill all ar breid, aill, and things ane eik ; Sym to half bargain culd not blin, This barme and buists all bees. blaidry up my But bulckit Will on weir. Montgomerie, MS. Chron. S. P. iii. 500. Evergreen, ii. 181. st. 12. Hence, Perhaps from Germ, boch-en, to strike, to beat ; or to with the horn Sn. -G. a stroke. BUISTY, s. A bed, Aberd. Gl. Shirr, used bock-en, push ; bock, Hence it is said of a man who can bear any sort of in- for a small a h'ttle box. V. perhaps one, q. sult without resenting it, Han star bocken, q. "he BOOSHTY. stands provocation." Isl. btick-a, calcitrare, quasi at

s. A Loth. a berare ; G. Andr. 41. BUIST-MAKER, coffin-maker, ; p. term now obsolete. nearly s. hence BU-KOW, Any thinj frightful ; to a BUITH, s. A shop. V. BOTHE. applied hobgoblin, S V. Bu.

s. or BUITHHAVER, s. One who keeps a shop BULDRIE, Building, mode of building. or booth. This temple did the Trojans found,

To Venus as we read ; "Item, that all vnfrie baith'buitJJiaveres hammermen, The stains thereof wer marbell sound, and wtheres, fra this cum to the maisteres of the tyme Lyke to the lamer bead : saides craftes, or he be maid maister, to be examinat This muldrie and buldrie ;iue he be worthie thairto." Seill of Caus, Edim. 2 Wes maist magnificall. fmelay, 1483, MS. Surel's Pilg., Watson's Coll., ii. 36. BUITING, s. Booty. From build, as muldrie from Fr. moulerie, a mould- or into a mould. Or quha brings hamc the butting i ing, casting Cherrie and Sloe, st. 15. adj. with E. Vel quern portare ferinam jussisti ? BULFIE, Apparently synon. Lat. Vere. Baffle-headed, Aberd. L I BU 827 I 111 L

a. as To BULGET, [Same BULYETTIS, q. v.] BULL in, v. a. To swallow hastily and " The air sail hauc ane of harrowis, ane ox, / wan in cupple voraciously. bulling my breakfast ; and all ami iiKitrumcntis of ane ane graith pleuch, pair I was it as fast as eating possible ; Loth. of butt/ruin, ane barrow." Balfour's Pract., p. 235. Can this for signify bags carrying anything? O. Fr. BULLE, s. A vessel for Shetl. a measuring oil, liouli/ette, mail, a pouch, a budget. This is proba- "Patrick of &c. meitt and con. bly the sense, as it is elsewhere conjoined with packs Umphray Sands, " veind auent the settling the measures of the and mail* ; Brekis the cofferis, boullis, packis, bid- pynt stoup and kannes wherewith mett bier or ijflt'm, inaillis," &c. Ibid. 635. they aille, or other liquor, and kaunes and bulles wherewith they mett Surv. Shetl. 10. BULYETTIS, s. pi. oylie. Agr. App. p. 9, Sw. bullf, cratera fictilis ; the same with E. bowl. "Coffenis, bulyetti*, fardellis, money, jewellis," &c. Keith's Hist., p. 217. To BULLER, v. n. 1. To emit such a sound Here the term is evidently from Fr. boulgette ; sig- as water does, when rushing violently into nifying mails or budgets. V. BoLGBT. any cavity, or forced back again, S. . Habiliments For lo BULYIEMENT, ; properly amyd the went, quliare ettillit he, such as are meant for warfare. Amasenus that riuere and fresche flude Aboue the brayis butterit, as it war wode. And now the is to squire ready advance, Doug. Viryil, 383. 28. And bids the stoutest of the gather'd thraug Spumo is the v. here used Gird on the bulyitment and come alang. by Virg. all the salt wattir Ross's Hdtnare, p. 121. Thay lekkit, stremes Past bullerand in at euery rift aud bore. Bubflementu is still used ludicrously for clothing, S. V. ABULYIEMENT. Ibid. 16. 54. This seems to be the primary sense. Rudd. gives Fr. to as the BULYON, s. Perhaps crowd, collection. bouill-ir, boil, origin. But it is un- " doubtedly the same word with Su.-G. bullr-a, tumul- Rive the o' the hale o' for a thrapples buli/on ye tuari, edere. Sonitum hac voce o' strepitum quippe pack uncanny limmers." Saint Patrick, iii. 305. dicimus editum alius impulsu ; Ihre. I know Gael, denotes a corporis bolgan budget. not whether this v. may be viewed as a derivative from a or Isl. boelia, wave; bilttr, bijlijia, fluctus maris, (J. BULIS. Pot-bulis. V. BOOL, s. Andr. For bilur denotes the noise made by the wind, or by the repercussion of the waves. s. the chief house on an It is also BULL, Properly doubtful whether bettering is to be viewed estate now to as the same r. in another form. It ; generally applied the princi- evidently means bubbling. pal farmhouse, Orkney. "What then becometh of your long discourses, inferred them ? "The Bull of Skaile v d. terre scat land an', in butter upon Are they not Bidlatae ntigae, watrie bettering bablings, bels, easily dissipate by the smallest winde, or rather euanishes of ther owne accord." Bp. Galloway's Dikaiologie, p. 109. Bu, is the Norw. a term, expl. dwelling-house ; 2. To make a noise with the throat, as one Hallager. V. Boo, Bow, *. does when it gargling with any liquid, S. s. sheltered BULL, A dry place, Shetl. gutter, synon. " For six months in the the year, attention bestowed It is used by Bellenden to express the noise made on the by flocks, by a great many proprietors in Shetland, one whose throat is cut. is worth while others hardly mentioning ; who are not "The wache herand the granis of ane deand man so blind to their own interest, look after them a little enterit haistely in the chalmer the was better quhare kyng ; in them for shelter in particular, driving time bu/leraiul in his blude." Cron. B. vi. c. 14. of to lyand snow, what are called bulls, or places, ad inflictum dry" by Regem jugulant, vulnus altius ytmentem, which the lives of a few are preserved. App. ART. Boeth. Surv. Shetl., p. 44. 3. To make noise as * any rattling ; when stones BULL, s. Black Bull a scare- of Norroway, are rolled downhill, or when a crow used quantity of for stilling children, " Ang. stones falls together, S. B. Here Noroicay is always talked of as the land to which witches repair for their 4. To to unholy meetings. bellow, roar as a bull or cow S.; A child is it the Black Bull does, kept quiet by'telling of also shall take it." pron. bollar, Noroway Edin. Mag. Feb. 1817, p. Ang. It is often used to denote the bellowing noise made black cattle also by ; the noise made by children To v. n. To take and or one who BULL, the bull ; a term bawling crying bitterly, by bursts out into a violent weeping accompanied with used with respect to a cow. Both the v. and " crying. In the month of June there was seen in tne river s. are bill, S. of Don a monster pron. q. having a head like to a great mas- tiff and The Isl. term corresponds, yxna, oxna, from oxe a dog, hand, arms, and paps like a man, anil the V. r. seemed to be it hail hair on the EASSIN, Bill-siller, S., is analogous to paps white, head, and Tout, its hinder was seen bolle-rj/ielil, merces pro admissura Kilian. parts sometimes above the water, tauri, whilk seemed clubbish, short legged and short footed, " with a tail. This monster BULLING, A-BULLING, part. pr. The cow's was seen body-like swimm- above the she ing water, about ten hours in the morning, a-biilling" desires the male, S. and continued all day visible, swimming above and BUL [328] BUL

never sinked beneath the bridge, -without any fear. It BULLIHEISLE, s. A play amongst boys, nor feared, but would duck under water, snorting and " in which all having joined hands in a line, bulleriny, terrible to the hearers. Spalding, i. 45, 46. at of ends stands and the I am doubtful, however, whether this may not be- a boy one the still, to sense 2. To make a noise with the throat. long rest all wind round him. The sport especi- In this latter it seem more sense, might nearly consists in an to heeze or throw allied to Isl. baul-a, mugire, haul, mugitus. By the ally attempt way, it may be observed that here we have at least a the whole mass over on the ground; Upp. of E. bulk, taurus. probable etymon bull, Belg. Clydes. According to G. Andr. a cow is in Isl. called baula, a from the verb, because of her bellowing. BULLIHEIZILIE, s. A scramble, squabble, Clydes. 5. It is used as v. a. to denote the impetus or act A ludicrous sort of term, which might seem to be of such a sound as is described productive formed from E. bully, and S. heeze, to lift up. above. BULLION, s. A denomination for the

Thame the erde the nude : seemyt opynnyt amyd pudenda, in some parts of Orkney. The storm up bullerit sand as it war wod. Allied to Su.-G. bol-as, Germ, bul-en, Doug. Virgil, 16. 29. probably O. Teut. mcechari ; Teut. boel-en, amare ; boel, ancilla, This, although only an oblique sense, has been concubina, boelinne, arnica, amasia. viewed by Rudd. as the primary one, and has led him to seek a false etymon. To BULLIRAG, v. a. To rally in a con- temptuous way, to abuse one in a hectoring BULLER, BULLOURE, s. 1. A loud gurgling manner, S. noise, S. "The gudeman bullyragged him sae sair, that he Thare as him thocht suld be na sandis schald, begude to tell his mind." Campbell, i. 331. Nor yit na land birst lippering on the wallis, says that balaray is a word very much used by Bot quhare the ttiule went styl, and calmyt al is, Lye or the vulgar in E. which he derives from Isl. baul, bol, But stoure or bulloure, murmoure, mouing ; and to His steuynuis thidder stering gan the Kyng. maledictio, dirae, raegia, deferre, reproach. Doug. Virgil, 325. 53. Add. Jun. Etym. vo. Bag. From the noise produced by the violent rushing of BULLIRAGGLE, s. A quarrel in which oppro- the this term has been used as a local waves, desig- brious are bandied, nation. epithets Upp. Clydes. " On the quarter next the sea, there is a high arch V. BULLIRAG, v. in the rock, which the force of the tempest has driven BULL-or-THE-BOG, one of the various out. This place is called Buchan's Butter, or the to the Liddesdale. Butter of Buchan, and the country people call it the names given bittern, from the French pot. Mr. Boyd said, it was so called "Hitherto nothing had broken the silence around liotdoir. It be more simply traced from Boiler in but the of the or may " him, deep cry bog-blitter, bull-of-the- our own Boswell's 104. of language. Journ., p. boy, a large species of bittern; and the sighs the if mistake more This name is, I not, generally wind as it passed along the dreary morass." Guy it is Pennant. in the as written by i. 8. expressed" pi., Mannering, The famous BiMers of Buchan lying about a mile In Germ, it is denominated mossktthe, or the cow of North of Bowness, are a vast hollow in a rock, project- the moss. V. MIRB-BUMPEK. with a communication to " ing into the sea, open at top, The Highlanders call the bittern the sky-goat, from the sea through a noble natural arch, through which some fancied resemblance in the scream of both ani- lie secure in this natural harbour." boats can pass, and mals." Saxon and Gael, i. 169. Tour in Scot., 1769, p. 145. bars in which the The origin is certainly Su.-G. buller, strepitus, Ihre, BULLS, s. pi. Strong i. 292. teeth of a harrow are placed, S. B. "Harrows with two or three bulls, with wooden 2. A bellowing noise; or a loud roar, S B. V. teeth, were formerly used, but are now justly exploded the v. in most farms, and those of two or three bulls, with short iron teeth, are used in their stead." P. St. S. BULLETSTANE, s. A round stone, Andrews, Orkney, Statist. Ace. xx. 260. Su.-G. bol, Isl. bglr, truncus. Isl. bollot-ur, round, convex like a globe ; bollut, Hence Fr. convexity, rotundity. boulet, any thing BULLS-BAGS, s. The tuberous Orchis, round, E. bullet. Orchis and mascula, Linn., and "Boulder, a large round stone. C." Gl. Grose. morio, Ang. " " Fool-stones Perhaps Cumberland is meant. Mearns. Female and Male ; Bowlders is a provincial E. word, expl. "a species of 515. Lightfoot, p. 514, round pebble common to the soils of this district." its name from the resemblance of the two Marshall's Midland Counties, Gl. It receives tubercles of the root to the testes. The attribute a talismanic and s. A a swift, Dumfr.; country people BULLFIT, marten, of this aphrodisiacal virtue to the root plant. They say a whimsical or cant so that apparently designation. that if it be placed about the body of a female, she knows nothing of its propinquity, it will have the s. corr. of E. Bull- BULLFRENCH, The effect of making her follow the man who placed it an irresistible which she cannot rid finch, Lanarks. In like manner the Green- there, by spell get wonderful stories and the Goldfinch of till the root be removed. Many finch is called Greenfrench, of this charm are told, by old women, of the potency the soldiers. Gowdfrench. for enticing their young sisters to follow BUL [329] BUM

The venereal influence of both these kinds of Orchis BULL-SEGG, . The great Cat-tail or was believed as early as the time of Pliny. He remarks Reedmace, latifolia, Linn. S. B. the same resemblance in the form of the tubercles ; and Typha gives a particular account of their operation, according s. A bull. V. SEOO. to the mode in which they were used. Hist. B. xxvi. BULL-SEGG, gelded c. 10. V. BULL-SEO. BULTY, adj. Large, Fife. This may be BULL'S HEAD, a signal of condemnation, allied to Teut. bull, gibbus, tuber, whence and prelude of immediate execution, said to bultachtig, gibbosus; or Isl. bullda, foemina crassa G. 42. have been anciently used in Scotland. ; Andr., p.

if bull's And the ill-omen'd head Isl. bold, crassus, whence buttda, foemina crassa ; Appear to grace the feast, Su.-G. buhlan, lintei crassioris genus, unde vela, sacci, Your whingers, with et id alia a unerring speed, genus conficiuutur ; Ihre. Belg. bull, bunch, Plunge in each breast. neighbour's bultje, a little bunch. JUirutrelay Border, ii. 399. s. to "To present a bull's head before a person at a feast, BULWAND, The name given Common was, in the ancient turbulent times of Scotland, a com- Mugwort, Orkney, Caithn. mon signal for his assassination. Thus, Lindsay of in called Bull- Pitscottie relates in his history, p. 17, that 'efter the "Artemisia vulgaris ; Orkney Qrey dinner was endit, once alle the delicate courses taken wand." Neill's Tour, p. 17. N. the chancellor William In Sw. it is called and ; Seren. away, (Sir Crichton) presentit graeboo, graeboona the bullis head befoir the earle of Douglas, in signe and a. careless toakeu of condemnation to the death. N. ibid. p. 405. BUM, A lazy, dirty, tawdry, Godscroft is unwilling to admit that there was to those of any woman ; chiefly high such custom and applied ; throws out a conjecture, that this stature; "She's a bum" i.e. a was done to Douglas merely as reproaching his stu- as, perfect pidity, especially in so easily falling into the snare. big, useless, indolent, sluttish woman, Gallo- "At last about the end of dinner, they compasse way. him about with armed men, and cause present a built head before him on the boord : the bulU head was in C. B. bun is fcemina, virgo ; Boxhorn. But this is those dayes a token of death (say our Histories), but more probably a contemptuous application of a word it does not of itself the idea. how hath come in use so to bee taken, and signifie, which convey most respectful neither doe they, nor any else tell us, neither is it to Johns, refers to Belg. bomme, apparently as expl. by be found (that I remember) any where in any history, Skinner, operculum dolii, a bung. Perhaps Isl. bumb-r, save in this one place : neither can wee conjecture venter, (Haldorson), expl. by Dan. boem, should be what affinity it can have therewith, unlesse to expro- preferred. brate grossnesse, according to the French, and our own and v. n. 1. reproaching dull, grosse wits, by calling him To BUM, To buzz, to make a hum- Calves-head (teste de Veau) but not Hulls head. So ming noise; used with to bees, S. A. that by this they did insult over that innocencie which respect Bor. they had snared, and applaud their owne wisdome that had so circumvented them." Hist. 152, 153. Douglas, p. Nae langer Simmer's cheerin rays That such a custom did we have not, as far Are on prevail, glentin the plains ; as I have observed, any evidence, save the assertion of Nor mountain-bee, wild bummin, roves our historians. But had not those, who lived nearest For hinuy 'mang the heather to the time referred to, known that there was such a Rev. J. JficoTt Poem, i. 24. custom in their country, no reason can be good sup- V. Burnie, vo. BURN. posed for their asserting it. Otherwise, it is most pro- that would have exercised their bable, they ingenuity, 2. Used to denote the noise of a multitude. in the same manner as honest Godscroft does, in endea- to march he did not vouring to find out a reason for an act so shocking, and By Stirling Bridge please, at the same time so For English men bum there as thick as bees. unusual. Lesley speaks of it, Hamilton'3 B. 253. without any hesitation, as a symbol which was at that Wallace, x., p. time well known. Caput tauri Scotis tune (quod 3. As the sound emitted the temporis signum capitalis sententiae in reos latae fuit) expressing by Reb. drone of a apponitur. De Scot., Lib. 8, p. 284. bag-pipe, S. It is possible, however, that he follow might only At gloamiu now the bagpipe's dumb, Boece. And it must still be viewed as a ob- powerful Whan weary owsen hameward come ; to the jection truth of their testimony as to this being Sae sweetly as it wont to bum, an established symbol, that they do not furnish another And Pibracha skreed. instance of the same kind. Fergusson's Poems, ii. 24. The accomplished Drummond of Hawthornden con- tinues the assertion. "Amidst these entertainments 4. Used to denote the freedom of agreeable (behold the of fortune instability !) near the end of the conversation S. B. the among friends, banquet, head of a bull (a sign of present death in these is set to times) down before him : at which sudden Belg. bomm-en, resound, to sound like an empty he barrel spectacle leapt from the table in horror and all ; Teut. bomme, a drum ; Lat. bombilarc, Or. agast." Works, p. 22. fiofLptu', id. These terms have been considered as formed from the sound and ; they have a better claim to be viewed in BULL-SEG, s. The same with Bull's this light, than many others of which Bags, the same thing has been asserted. q.v.

The word is used *. A the sound emitted teg in Mearns as a generic name for BUM, humming noise, all broad-leaved rushes, as the Iris Orchis, Ac. by a bee, S. V. the v. 82 BUM [330] BUM

Bum is used Ben Jonson : by to excite them to run about with greater 1 ha" kuowne violence, Loth. Twenty such breaches piec'd np, and made whole, Without a bum of noise. You two fall out. Bizz is an imitation of the sound of the gadfly. Magnetick Lady, Works, ii. 49. BUM-FODDEK, s. Paper for the use of the s. A a wild bee that BUMBEE, bumblebee, water-closet, S. makes a noise, S. Bumble-bee, id. A. great This term is often used very emphatically to express Yorks. Mar- Bor. Gl. Grose. Bummle-bee, contempt for a paltry work. "It is good for nothing shall. but to be burn-fodder," S. Q. the bee that bums. In the same manner Lat. BUMLAK, BUSILOCK, s. A small prominent bombilius, and Teut. bommel, are formed. stone, or whatever endangers one's "The Doctor, being as blithe as a bumbee in a sum- shapeless or Aberd. mer morning, began, like that busy creature, humm- falling, proves a stumbling-block, ing from flower to flower, to gather tales and pleasant Isl. ruina cito Perhaps q. bumplak; bomp-a, ferri, stories from all around him." The Steam-Boat, 315. p. bomps-a, ferire, E. bump. It may, however, be corr. Rabelais uses bombien as a Fr. I can- word, although from Isl. bunga, tumor, protuberantia, bung-a, protu- not find it in But Sir T. any Dictionary. Urquhart berare ; with the mark of the diminution added. explains it by the term most nearly resembling it in his native tongue, bum-bee, although used in a peculiar BUMLLNG, s. The humming noise made with sense as synon. myrmidon. by a bee. "The gibblegabblers had assembled themselves of bees." to the full number of the bum-bees and to "Cucking of cukows, bumling Urqu- myrmidons, " the hart's Rabelais, B. Iii., p. 106. V. CHEEPING. go a handsel-getting on the first day of new yeare. Lat. bombil-are, to hum, Teut. bommele, Ib. ii. c. 11. p. 75. Bombies is the only term used by bombylius, focus ; Isl. buml-a, resonare, bumbl, resonantia. the original writer. s. 1. An entertainment BUMBEE-BYKE, s. A nest of humble bees, S. BUMMACK, at Christmas tenants to Auld farnyear stories come athwart their minds, anciently given by Davidson's 5. Of bum-bee bykes. Seasons, p. their landlords, Orkn. "At this and the feuars lived BUM-CLOCK, s. "A humming beetle, that flies period, long after, in terms of social intercourse and familiarity with in the summer for and of evenings." their tenants ; maintaining perpetuating By this the sun was out o' sight, which, annual entertainments, consisting of the best An' darker gloaming brought the night : viands which the farms produced were cheerfully given The bum-clock humm'd wi drone lazy ; by the tenants to their landlords, during the Christmas The stood rowtin i' the loan. kye holy days. These entertainments, called Bummacks, Burns, iii. 11. strengthened and confirmed the bonds of mutual con- and which to sub- s. A name to the devil. fidence, attachment, regard, ought BU-MAN, given sist between those ranks of men. The Christmas V. under Bu. bummacks are almost universally discontinued ; but, in some instances, the heritors have, in lieu of accept- BUMBAED, adj. Indolent, lazy. ing such entertainments, substituted a certain quantity to be to them the Mony sweir bumbard belly-huddroun, of meal and malt paid annually by Ace. xv. Mony slute daw, and slepy duddroun, tenants." P. Stronsay, Orkn. Statist. 393, Him servit ay with sounyie. 394, N. Bummock, Wallace's Orkney, p. 63. Dunbar, Bannatyne Poems, p. 29. st. 7. 2. A of a of malt, as Lord Hailes gives two different senses of this word, brewing large quantity of for the both equally remote from the truth. From the use two bolls perhaps, appropriated pur- the word bummed P. he infers : "Hence by Ploughman, pose of being drunk at once at a merry bummard, bumbard, must be a trier or a bumpard, Caithn. taster, celtti qui goute," Note, p. 237. In his Gl. he meeting, carries the same idea still further, rendering "bumbard, "I believe there is not one of your people but could drunken." drink out the mickle bicker of Scapa, which was But certainly it is nearly allied in sense to sweir, always offered to the Bishop of Orkney brimful of the and be iii. slute, slepy, with which it is conjoined ; may best bummock that ever was brewed." The Pirate, derived from Ital. bombare, a bumblebee. 200. This word is mos't probably of Scandinavian origin, s. a driveller. Su.-G. BUMBAET, A drone, perhaps q. to make ready, from boen, preparatus, facere or from and Isl. bua, parare, and mak-a, ; bua, An bumbart, ane dron-bee, aue bag full of fteume. socius, to make preparation for one's com- Dunbar, MaitlanA Poems, p. 48. mage, q. or and the panions ; bo, villa, incola, mage, fellowship In the Edin. edit, of this poem, 1508, it is lumbart. of a village or of its inhabitants. with sense and the alli- But bumbart agrees best the ; seems to determine it to be the true S. teration reading. BUMMERS, s. pi. A play of children, V. the word. preceding "Bummers a thin piece of wood swung round by a It occurs in its literal sense, as denoting a drone, or cord." Blackw. Mag., Aug., 1821, p. 35. perhaps rather a flesh-fly. " Evidently denominated from the booming sound pro- Many well made [laws] wants execution, like ader- bombards duced. cope webs, that takes the silly flies, but the them." Melvill's 129. breaks through MS., p. BUMBAZED, BOMBAZED, adj. Stupified, S. all them a used chil- By now een upon sadly gaz'd. BUMBELEERY-BIZZ, cry by And Lindy looked blate and sair bumbax'd. in 85. dren, when they see cows startling, order Moss's HeUiwre, p. BUM [331] BUN

Bwmbazed the glide-man glowr'd a wee, This term is here used in the same sense with Ample- lian 1 hent the Wallace ny the ; v. As the latter is not " Syne feyst, q. uniformly pronounced, It a lie ! it can be nane but he !" I at loss beiiuj sometimes Wtmpltfeyst, am a whether The on hor knees had faun. glide-wife to view Bumplefeist as another variety, or as a mis- Jamie/son's Ball. ii. 172. I'opular nomer on the part of Kelly. It cannot well be con- look like a bombaz'd walker seek- "Ye [i.e. fuller] sidered as an error of the press, being repeated, in the ing wash." Ramsay's S. Prov., p. 82. same form, in the Index. Gumplefeatt is used in a with noise from Teut. re- Q. stupifieil ; bomm-en, sense entirely different. sonare, and baes-en, delirare. V. BAZED. BUN, BUNN, s. A sweet cake or loaf, gener- BUMMIE, s. A stupid fellow, a fool, Perths. ally one of that kind which is used at the Stirlings. baked with fruit and new year, spiceries ; Teut. bomme, tympanum, q. as a drum. Pro- empty sometimes for this reason called a sweetie- bably it was originally the same with Bumbil, a drone, q. v. scone, S. BUMMIL, BUMMLE, BOMBELL, BUMBLE, s. "That George Aetherwick have in readiness of 1. A wild bee, Galloway. fine flour, some great bunru, and other wheat bread of the best order, oaken with sugar, cannel and other While up the howes the bummles fly in troops, that his and his court Sipping, wi' sluggish trunks, the coarser sweets, spices fitting ; Majesty may eat." Records 1651. Statist. Ace. iv. Frae rankly-growing briers and bluidy fingers, Pittenweem, Great is the humming din. 376, 377. Davidson's p. 63. The learned Bryant carries this term back to hea- Seasons, " " " thenism. The he which people in 2. Expl. a drone, an idle fellow. offerings, says, ancient times used to present to the gods, were gene- O hae room to ! fortune, they grumble rally purchased at the entrance of the temple ; espe- Hadst thou taen aff some drowsy bummle, cially every species of consecrated bread. One species can do Wha nought but fyke and fumble, of sacred bread which used to be offered to the 'Twad been nae gods plea. was of and called Soun. iii. great antiquity, Hesycnius Burns, 215. ' speaks of the Soun, and describes it a kind of cake " a 3. Expl. blunderer," Galloway. with a representation of two horns." Julius Pollux mentions it after the same ' a sort of cake with 'Maug Winter's snaws, tuni'd almost doited, manner, I but horns.'" swagger'd forth, near ban' stoited ; The Muse at that grew capernoited, It must be observed, however, that the term occurs An" ca'd bumble, in for me Hesychius in the form of Bovs, bous ; and that Davidson's Seasons, p. 181. the support of this etymon, Bryant finds it necessary Teut. bommele, fucus. V. BATIE-BCMMIL. to observe, that "the Greeks, who changed the Nit final into a sigma, expressed in the nominative Bous, To v. a. as v. BUMMIL, To bungle ; also, n. but in the accusative more truly Bonn, Bow." It has been Breid to blunder, S. already remarked, (V. MANE, of that in Teut. maene and wegghe, our "Tis ne'er be me Mane,) evidently wig or whig, both denote a species of aromatic bread, Shall scandalize, or say ye bummil formed so as to resemble the horns of the moon. Ye'r poetrie. In Su.-G. this is called lulbrod, i.e. Yule-bread, Ramsays Poems, ii. 330. Hence, which is described by Hire as baked in the game man- s. fel- BUMMELER, BUMLER, A blundering ner. The same custom prevails in Norway. It seems low, S. doubtful whether bun be allied to Gael, bonnach, a cake. mentions Ir. in the same Leontodon Lhuyd bunna, sense, BUMMING PIPES, Dandelion, without the guttural termination, vo. Placenta. taraxacum, Linn., Lanarks. s. 1. The same as E. bum. ii. The plant is thus denominated from the use made BUN, Everg. of the stalk by children, as they substitute it for a 72. st. 28. pipe. Bot I lauch best to se ane Nwn Gar beir hir tail] hir BUMMLE, s. A commotion in liquid sub- abone own For as I occasioned the act of nathing ellis, suppois, stances, by throwing Bot for to schaw hir lillie quhite hois. something into them, Shell. Lyndsay's Warkis, (Syde TaiUis), p. 208. Isl. resonare I we British bulm-a, ; boms, sonus aquae quando see, frogs, illi bless Great Britain and her aliquid immittimur ; Haldorson. May bogs, " Where hap we thus in cheerie fyke, s. 1. A stroke. He came BUMP, bump And lave our limbs whene'er we like, Or bathe our buns the upon me," S.; he came upon me with a amang stanks, Syne beek them on the banks. stroke. sunny A. Scott's Poems, p. 60. V. BUNT. 2. A tumour, or swelling, the effect of a fall Bun is used Dumfr. as synon. with bum, with this or stroke. " distinction, that bun is to a bum I gat sic a fa', that it raised a applied young person, to an old. lump upo' my brow." Aberd. Isl. a stroke ictus 2. This word the tail or brush of a bomps, against any object, pavio ; signifies bomp-a, cita ruina G. Andr. ferri, hare, Border, being used in the same sense BUMPLEFEIST, s. with fud. "I think you have taken the Sumplefeist," S. Prov.; I gript the mackings be the bunns, "spoken, with contempt, of those who are become Or be the neck. Watson's Cott. i. 69. out of unreasonably humour." Kelly, p. 211. This term is still used in the same sense in Galloway. BUN [332] BUN

Rous'd by the rumblin noise, poor maukin takes Some saidled a shee ape, all grathed into green, The bent wi' nimble foot ana cocks Some hobland on ; scudding a hemp stalk, hovand to the hight, Her bun, in rude defiance of his pow'r. The King of Pharie and his court with the Elf Queen, Davidson's Seasons, p. 27. With many elfish Incubus was ridand that night. There an Elf on an an unsel C. B. ban a base, also the butt-end ; bontin, Ape begat, signifies Into a the buttock. pot by Pomathorne :

That bratchard in a busse was born : IT. ban, bun, the bottom of any thing ; Dan. bund, They fand a monster on tlie morne, id. Gael, foundation. ; bun, bottom, War faced than a cat. Montgomery's Flyt., Watson's Coll., iii. 12. BUN, s. A large cask, placed in a cart, for Here a stalk is used for a steed one of the the of water from a dis- hemp by purpose bringing good neighbours, a name commonly given by the vulgar to the fairies. tance; Ang. Whether any particular virtue is, in the secrets of ascribed to I know not. This may be radically the same with S. boyn, a wash- sorcery, hemp, But there must be some idea of this as it is the ing tub. kind, seed of hemp that is sown on Hallow-een, by those who exclamation used use diabolical rites, from the hope of attaining some BUNCE, interj. An by boys knowledge of their future lot. In Cumberland a dried at the School of When High Edinburgh. hemp-stalk is called a bunnel. V. Gl. Grose. one finds any thing, he who cries Bunce ! This appears to be of the same meaning with Bun- v. can it a stalk of flax ? V. has a claim to the half of it. Stick wede, q. Or, signify up for B0NE. bunce " stand to claim divi- your ; it, your I am inclined to think that bunewcmd here is synon. dend." with hempstalk, only with this difference that the former is pilled, in consequence of observing that I can form no idea of the origin, unless it may be Ray writes bullen, where Grose has bunnel, thus viewed as a corruption of the term bonus, as denoting explaining the term "Hempstalks pilled: Buns;" premium or reward. Collect., p. 12. Bun may be the same with our boon or the inner of the core. Grose afterwards To BUNCH to about in a bune, part flax, about, go hobbling ives "Bullen, hempstalks, pilled, North.," and, in sort of a term to one of a f.Inis "a or hollow way ; applied squat Supplement, expl. bun, kecks, stem, or form. Koxb. North. I am at a loss whether to view bun as con- corpulent tracted from bullen. Shall we view this as corr. from E. Bounce, a word It may be added that the description given by of uncertain ? origin Montgomerie has considerable analogy to that of Ben Jonson, when referring, in his Sad Shepherd, to the s. A of either sex who BUND-SACK, person popular superstitions of the North of E. is or under a of engaged, promise marriage ; Where ere you spie a low phrase, and only borrowed from the This browdred belt, with characters, 'tis I. A and a beldame idea of a sack bound and tied S. Gypsan ladie, right up, ; it moon-shine for being " Wrought by mee, and star-light, sometimes more fully, a bunt-sack and set your granam's grave, that verie night in r' earth'd her, the shades ; when our Dame Hecat, by." it her over the Made gainp-night, kirk-yard, With all the barke and parish tykes set at her, BUNE, BOON, s. The inner part of the stalk While I sat whirland of my brasen spindle, &c. Barke and to be i.e. the of flax, the core, that which is of no use, ought barkand, barking, id. part. pr. afterwards called shaws, ; Been, Ang. Bunewand, is expl. the Cow Parsnip, Heracleum S. Morays. sphondylium, Linn., B. ; and also as signifying the dock. When flax has not been steeped long enough, so that "The of these the blair, which constitutes the useful part of the plant, produce neglected stripes [bauks] is a coarse intermixed with does not separate easily from the core, it is said, The generally grass, docks, and sometimes made into blair disna clear the bune, Ang. (Scot. Bunewands,) hay." Edin. 125. Boon seems to be an E. word, although I have not Mag, Aug., 1818, p. This is from the How of found it in any dictionary. It occurs in The Gentle- paper Angus. man's Magazine for June, 1787. of flax in fuddled a low S. "The intention watering is, my opinion, BUNG, adj. Tipsy, ; word, to make the boon more brittle or friable, and, by soak- She was his and aft had " jo, said, to dissolve that gluey kind of sap that makes the Geordie, had your tongue, ing, " Fy, bark of plants and trees adhere in a small degree to Ye's ne'er get me to be your bride :" her mind when the woody part. The bark of flax is called the harlf ; But chang'd bung That and when separated from the useless woody part, the very day. i. 268. boon, this harle itself is flax." Encycl. Brit. vo. Flax, Ramsay's Poems, It is fuddled as it were to the p. 292. V. BLAIB, Additions. expl. "completely ; But it does not admit of so Dan. bund, signifies a bottom, foundation, or ground, bung ;" Gl. Rams. strong sense. It of the q. that on which the flax rests. a may signify, "smelling bung.' This word seems originally C. B. BUNER,ad/. Upp. Clydes., Loth. V. BOON- MOST. BUNG-FU', adj. Quite intoxicated; a low the in allusion to word, S., ({.full to bung ; s. BUNEWAND, a barrel. In the hinder-end of harvest, on All-hallow even, rake's hame When our good Neighbours dois ride, if I read right, Whan a gaun bung-fa! Some buckled on a buneuxmd, and some on a been, He has na a' his senses, &c. in from the Pickeris 1785, p. 52. Ay trottand troops twilight ; Poems, BUN [333] BUN

montibus S. O. another low ; bungur ut, tumet, prominet, G. Andr., p. BUNGIE, adj. Fuddled, ; 41 ; buncke, acervus, strues a Verel. word but not so a ; heap. ; expressing great degree of intoxication as the s. other. BUNKLE, A stranger. "The barks, " dog Bugif, drunk, fuddled," Picken's Ol. because he kens you to be a bunkle." This word is used in some of To BUNG, v. n. To emit a booming or twang- parts Angus. it a mendicant Isl. ing sound, as when a stone is propelled through Perhaps formerly signified ; ion, mendicatio, and kail, the vulgar pronunciation of karl, the air, or like that of a French when top homo, a beggar-man, S. Sona-kiaelki is rendered men- thrown off of dicus ; West and South S. invitus, petax, an importunate beggar, from kiaelki, maxilla, q. "one who will not be put out of BUNG, s. 1. The sound thus emitted when a countenance." stone is forcibly thrown from a sling or other- BUNNEL, s. Senecio Jacobaea. wise, S. Kagwort, Linn. Upp. Clydes. V. BUNWEDE. 2. Improperly used to denote the act of throw- s. B. ing a stone in this way, S. BUNNERTS, pi. Cow parsnip, S. Heracleum Linn. Tent, bunge, bonghe, tympanum. It may be ob- sphondylium, served that in Teut. the same analogy occurs as with The first part of the word resembles the Sw. name us, for bomme also a drum. Isl. a of this signifies bating, bell, root, biorn-ram, literally, the bear's paw. In Ihre views Germ, it is campana. bunge, a drum, as de- Germ, called baeren-klau, which is equivalent. rived from Su.-G. to beat or strike. Our bung-a, word would seem to have been q. biorn-oert, which in Sw. would be, the bear's wort. BUNG-TAP, s. A denominated humming top ; Isl. buna, however, is rendered by Haldorson, Pes from the sound made by its motion, S. bovis, vel ursi.

To s. BUNG, v. a. To throw with violence, BUNNLE, The cow parsnip, Heracleum Aberd. Linn Lanarks. Bum, synon., Loth. sphondylium, ; This sense, I suspect, is borrowed from the sound BUNT, . The tail or brush of a hair or rab- made by the rapid motion in the air. bit ; synon. Bun and Fud. a. To tak a a low BUNG, lung, phrase, synon. Next in some spret I sat me down, with to tak Nor had the pet, Moray. In a bung, in a my heart gi'en o'er to dunt, Till skelping up, a hound huff, Aberd. strolling Had near hand catch'd me by the bunt. The Hare's Complaint, A. Scott's Poems, p. 79. BUNGY, adj. Huffish, pettish, testy, ibid. Gael, bundun, the fundament, bunait, a foundation. s. C. B. the buttock Owen. BUNG, A cant term for an old worn-out bontin, ; Bdn, caudex, pars Davies. It Loth. posterior ; may, however, be allied to Belg. horse, ; synon., Bassie. bant, furr, skin. Hence Dan. bundtmayer, a furrier. BUNG, *. The instep of a shoe, S. BUNTA, s. A bounty. V. BOUNTETH. s. 1. BUNKEK, BUNKABT, "A bench, or "Ane bunta wortht xi sh." Aberd. Keg. A. 1663, sort V. 25. of long low chests that serve for seats ;" Gl. Earns. BUNTY, s. A hen without a ramp." Ithere free aff the bunkers sank, "Clipped arse, quoth S. Prov., Wi' een like collops scor'd. Bunty," "spoken when a man upbraids us with what himself is guilty Jtnmsui/'s Poemt, 1 280. of." Kelly, p. 78. 2. A seat in a also window, which serves for a Dan. bundt, Su.-G. bunt, a bunch. Or rather V. with a BUNT. chest, opening hinged lid, S. "A bunker, a window-seat." Sir J. Sinclair's Ob- BUNTIN, Short and thick; a buntin servations, p. 169. adj. as, brat, a plump child, Roxb. 3. It seems to be the same word which is used s. 1. E. a to denote an earthen seat in the fields, Aberd. BUNTLIN, Bunting, bird, S. ' ' The Emberiza miliaria is in Mearns and That after the fishers had the two sheals upon the Aberd. called the Corn-Buntiin. north side, they took part of the dike which was de- molished as above, and built an bunkart or open seat, 2. The blackbird, to shelter them from the wind." State, Leslie of Powis, Galloway. Thou hot-fac'd sun ! &c., 1805, p. 146. who chears the drooping warld, And gars the buntlins throstle by thy pow'r, While snaw the frosty bunherts theeks, Look laughing rae thy sky. The hind about the fire-side beeks Davidson's Seasons, p. 8. V. Gloss. His dead frost-nippit taes. Tarras's Poems, p. 106. The same as Strath- I BUNTLING, adj. Buntin, have given this in the to make it more singular more. a bundle grammatical. Perhaps q. resembling ; This is perhaps a deriv. from A.-S. benc, Su.-G. Su.-G. bunt, fasciculus. baenck, a bench. It may however be allied to Dan. bunker, articuli s. an herb Senecio montium, mentioned by Junius, vo. BUNWEDE, Ragwort, ; Bunch; Isl. tumor buntja, terrae et prominentia in Jacobaaa, Linn. S. binweed; synon. weebvw. BUN [334] BUR

He courtid caryecar the coup of the kiiigis de Right so the heathen hoste, without all bridle, Syne leve in the stede Kuans insolent, to vicious actions ydle. But a blak bunwede. Hudson's Jiidith, p. 60. Houlate, iii. 11. Allied perhaps to Teut. borbel-en, scaturire, as being This name is also given, S., to the Convolvulus ar- a term applied to the motion of water. as vensis, and the Polygonum convolvulus. The latter Palsgr. indeed expl. the . in this sense, synon. ' ' in Sweden is called Binda ; Linn. Fl. Suec. N. 344. with Fr. bouillir. I boyle vp or burbyll vp as a water " I shall, henceforth, regard it as a fine charac- dothe in a spring." B. iii. F. 169, a. teristic proof of our national prudence, that in their journies to France and Flanders, the Scottish witches BURBLE, s. Trouble, perplexity, disorder, went air on broomsticks and always by btmweeds, Ayrs. instead of venturing by water in sieves, like those of "He made him do as he pleased, and always made England. But the English are under the influence of burbles, which the deponent understood trouble." a maritime genius." Blackw. Mag., June, 1820, p. 266. by Case, Moffat, 1812, p. 45. from Fr. barbouill-er to jumble, to con- BUNYAN, s. A corn, a callous substance. Evidently found whence also the v. v. " ; Barbulyie, q. He was not aware that Miss Mally had an orthodox or that could as little bear a touch from corn, bvnyan, BURBLE-HEADED, adj. Stupid, confused, the royne-slippers of philosophy, as the inflamed gout Dumfr.; from the same origin with BUBBLE, of polemical controversy, which had gumfiated every mental joint and member." Ayrs. Legat., p. 198. s. Allied perhaps to Su.-G. bunga, tumor, protuberantia ; s. bimg-a, protuberare. Gael, buinne signifies an ulcer. BURGH, BWRCH, BUROWE, Borough, town. s. The diarrhoea; never used BUNYOCH, Thou held the burch lang with a borrowit gown. except in ludicrous language, Upp. Clydes. Now upland thou lives rife on rubit quhiet, Dunbar, Evergreen, ii 58. st. 20. This is obviously Gael, buinnach, id., perhaps from i.e. on rubbed without buinne, a tap or spout. wheat, being ground. Upland, as denoting the country, fixes the meaning BUR, S. V. CREEPING-BUR, and UPRIGHT of the burch. BUR. Wyntown writes bwrch. Moes-G. baurgs; A.-S. burg, burh, buruh, id. L. B. 1. S. B. Gael, denotes a village. But this has, BUR, s. The cone of the fir, burg-us. burg most probably, been borrowed from the Goths. as of a or a [2. Barb, fishing-hook spear.] BIRD. BURD, . A lady, a damsel. V. Su.-G. barr denotes the leaves or needles of the pine, and other things of the same kind terminating in a BURD, BURDE, s. Board, table. V. vo. Aborre. point. Ihre, the burde anone Scho gois, and coveris ; And syne ane payr of bossis hes scho tane, s. The broad iron fixed on the BUR, [1. ring And set thame doun upon the burde him by. to Maitland 72. tilting lance just below the gripe, pre- Dunbar, Poems, p. Moes-G. A.-S., Su.-G., Isl., vent the hand slipping back. Halliwell's baurd, asser, tabula, bord, id. Arch. Diet., vo. Burr.~\ s. A S. Westmorel. "Thattharebe na speris made in tyme tocum nor BURDCLAITH, tablecloth, said that is schortare than five elne & a half, or v elne id. at the leist before the bur, and of gretnes according Aft for ane cause thy burdclaith. needs nae spreding, tharto." Parl. Ja. III. Ed. 132. 1481, 1814, p. For thou has nowther for to drink nor eit. This denotes the or apparently bore, perforated place Dunbar, Evergreen, ii. 58. st. 20. the shaft enters in the head of the spear into which ; From burd, and claith, cloth. Teut. boor, terebra, boor-en, perforare. " bunch Item foure borddaithis of Scottis lyning [linen.] [More probably from Gael, borra, a knob, ; "Item fyve burddaithis of plane lyning." Inven- borr, to swell. V. Skeat's Etym. Diet.] tories, A. 1561, p. 129. B. in. the tine and the blade 0. E. "borde clothe, [Fr.] nappe ;" Palsgrave, [2. The knob between F. 21. of a knife.] BOORD-HEAD, *. The head of BUR-DOCKEN, s. The burdock, Arctium BURD-HEAD, the table, the chief seat, S. lappa, S. The burr-docken thy coffin was, The letter-gae of holy rhyme Sat at the burd-head. It thick in blood did wave ; up Chr. C. 2. I sexton was, and laid thee in Ra-msay's Kirk, The narrow, shallow grave. s. S. A.-S. na- Train's Poetical Reveries, p. 95. V. DOCKEN. BURD, Offspring, byrd, tivitas. BUR-THRISSIL, s. The spear-thistle, S. Carduus lanceolatus. Bur-thistle, id. A. BURDALANE, s. A term used to denote THRISSIL. left in the Bor. Gl. Grose. V. one who is the only child family ; burd the q. bird alone, or, solitary ; being To BURBLE, v. n. To purl. pron. of bird. But as the sheep that haue no hirde nor guide, Himself was his hous be a har, But wandering strayes along the riuers side, aiget, hang Duill and distres almaist to deid him draife, Throw burbling brookes, or throw the forest grene, his son and Throw meadowes closures, or throw shadows shene : Yet Burd-allane, only air, nun [335] BUR

As wretched, vyiss, and valient, as the laive, Candour requires that I should state one difficulty His hous unhaii'd, quhilk ye with honor hiiive. attending this hypothesis. Isl. bord is used in a very Mailland Libr. Univ. Edin. Border, MSS. Minstrelsy general sense ; ora, extremitas, inargo cujusuumiue iii. 4. rei ; Gl. Orkneyinga; S. Hence a doubt arises, whether " of Mr. Scott observes, on this poem : Auld Maitlaml it has been primarily used to denote the border a appears to have hail three sons, but we learn, [from the garment. family traditions], that only one survived him, who Armor, broud-a, acupingere, brout, broud, opus acu- either C. B. instrumentum was thence sur-named Jiurd alane, which signifies pictum ; brwyd, acu pingendi ; unequalli-d, or solitary;" Ibid. undo broud-a, acu pingere. Du Cange, vo. Brusdu*. In another it poem, may perhaps signify unequalled. Burdensome. And Newton Gordon, burd-alone, BURDENABLE, adj. And Dalgatie both stout and keen, "They were but silly poor naked bodies, burdenable And gallant Veitch upon the field, to the country, and not fit for soldiers." Spalding, i. A braver face was never seen. 291. Minstrelsy Bonier, iii. 179. s. A diminutive from E. S. BURDE, s. Ground, foundation. BURDIE, bird, I hae burdies cleck'd in becaus the refusit to randir the summer, "Fynaly capitane Toddlin brawly but an' ben. hous in this sort, he on ane new burde." assailyeit hym Picket's Poems, i. 105. Bellend. Cron. B. xiv. c. 18. Aliam conditionem proponit, Boeth. BURDYHOUSE, Gae or Gang, to Burdie- This seems to be a metaph. use of A.-S. and merely house, a sort of malediction uttered by old Germ, bord, E. board; Su.-G. bord, a footstool. people to one with whose conduct or language s. A an ornamental BURDE, strip, properly they are, or affect to be, greatly dissatisfied, S. as a '' burde of a of selvage ; silk," selvage This seems to have been the old pronunciation of the silk. name of Bourdeaux in France. It is at any rate writ- And of ane burde of silk, richt costlie grein, ten Burdeouss, Aberd. Reg. A. 1538, and Burdeous, Hir tusche was with silver weil besene. Ed. and Acts Mary, 1551, 1814, p. 483 ; was probably Dunbar, Maitland Poems, p. 70. aspirated by the vulgar in the pronunciation. of a similar are Mr. Pinkerton says, he finds this word no where. Other phrases kind commonly used ; But the cognate term occurs, both in Ihre, and in though perhaps under the idea of a less severe penance,

Kilian. Su. -G. limbus vel unde because less distant ; as to "Gae to borda, praetexta ; "Gang Banff," i.e. silkenborda, cingulum sericum vel limbus ; gullbord, Jeddart," Jedburgh. is If this was meant to include the idea of Jeddart Jus- limbus aureus ; Teut. board, limbus. It evidently be severe the same with S. bord, a selvage of any kind, particu- tice, the penance might enough. larly such as women use for adorning their caps or Wooden, of or to mantles. Thus, the meaning of the passage is, "Her BURDYN, adj. belonging tusch or belt was made of a strip of green silk." Fr. boards. bord, id. Out off wyndowis stanssouris all thai drew, is Btirde also used by : irn in to the wattir threw Douglas Full gret wark ; Eneas syne twa robbis furth gart fold Jiiinlyn duris and lokis in thair ire, Of riche purpoure and styf burde of golde, All werk of tre thai brynt wp in a fyr. Quhilk vruquhile Dido, Quene of Sydones, Wallace, iv. 509. MS. Of sic labour ful besy tho, I ges, i.e. "While they cast iron work into the river, As at that tyme to pleis him wounder they glaid, burnt the wooden work." A.-S. S. With hir awin handis to him wrocht and maid, bord, burtt, buird, a a Woiffin ful wele, and brusit as riche wedis, board, plank. Of coistly stuf and subtil golilin thredis. s. Burden. Doug. Virgil, 362. 27. BURDING, The cherries abune held. The term, as here used, may strictly signify em- hang my not On twistis, and tewch, broidery, only as connected with the epithet styf, trimbling Quhilk bowed throw burding of thair birth. but as illustrated by the participle brusit, which un- Cherrie and Sloe, at. 42. doubtedly means embroidered. Yet, notwithstanding Birth be If it does not the shade of difference in signification, I am con- may perhaps tautological. vinced that it is in fact the same word with that used mean produce, it signifies burden. V. BIRTH, BYRTH. and by Dunbar, with S. bord ; and that this passage to BURDINSECK. V. BEKTHINSEK. leads us the original sense. Douglas says, that these robes had a. burde of golde. But it was as stiff, being BURDIT, part. pa. Stones are said to be richly brusit or embroidered. Now, it appears that into S. the term primarily used to denote embroidered work, burdit, when they split lamina, per- came in process of time to any ornamental from a board like wood di- signify haps burd, ; q. selvage ; embroidery being chiefly used on the hem. Dunbar vided into thin planks. applies it to a strip of silk, which was embroidered with silver. In modern use it denotes a and well- naiTow of BURDLY, BUIRDLY, adj. Large strip any kind meant for ornament, as lace, cambric, muslin. made, S. The E. word stately is used as This idea is confirmed by the apparent origin of the synon. burdly man, one who is stout in ap- term or its ; by relation, in different languages, to the verbs pearance. which signify, to embroider. Teut. board, Ye maist wad think, a wee touch limbus, fimbria, is nearly allied to boordueren, pingere langer, An' maun starve o' canld and to embroider they hunger ; acu, ; Fr. bord, id. to bord-fr, which But, how it comes, I never kend yet, signifies both to wet, and to embroider and Isl. ; bord, wonderfu' to They're maistly contented : limbus, bord-a, acu pingere. This, by transposition, An' buirdly chiels, and clever hizzies, is from brydd-a, which Verel. derives from pungere, Are bred in sic a way as this is. brodde, mucro, any sharp-pointed instrument. Burns, iii. 5. BUR [336] BUR

staff a Isl. burdur, the habit of body, strength, propriae is mentioned by Du Cange aa 0. Fr. for a with is excellent men burdur head ; and hastis ludere, vires, a/burdvr menn, ; af mi/till, great burdiare, bordiare, in Verel. E. is (Fr. behourd-er, bohourd-er, bord-er, id.) whence surpassing greatness ; Perhaps burly a tournament. uses burdeare in originally the same word. This, according to Skinner, bohordicum, Rymer same Tom. 5. 223. Shall we hence is q. boor-like, like a boor, or peasant. The provincial the sense, p. sup- that was thus denominated from the use orthography (A. Bor. boorly), might seem to confirm pose, justing this etymon. of staves or poles instead of lances I

s. Stateliness adv. BURDLINESS, BUIRDLINESS, ; BUREDELY, Forcibly, vigorously. Als wounded as he used in regard to the size and stature of a was, Sone lie S. V. BUEDLY. buredely ras, man, And falowed fast on his tras, With a swerde kene. s. A BURDON, BURDOUN, BURDOWNE, big Sir Qawan and Sir Qal., ii. 21. V. BHRDLT. to staff, such as pilgrims were wont carry. BUREIL, BURAL, adj. Vulgar, rustic. This Ponderous staffs of this kind were sometimes used, is the MS. of where in the instead of lances, in battle. This term is used by reading Wallace, Doug, where Virg. employs caestus. editions it is rural. this was said he has but mare abade I Quhen It is weill knawin am a bural man ; Tua kempis burdouns brocht, and before thayme laid, For her is said as gudly as I can. With al thare hames and braseris by and by, B. xi. 1461. Of wecht ful huge, and scharp vmnesurably. Weill may I schaw my bureil bustious thocht. 140. Doug. Virgil, 55. Doug. Virgil, 3. 51. had se Quhat wald he half said, that perchance The term is applied to spears. Hercules burdoun and wappinnys here 1 quod he. Ibid. 141. 20. This Auentinus followis in thir weris, Fr. bourdon, a. pilgrim's staff. As this word also Sure in thare handis, lance, staiffls and burrel speris. ride Ibid. 231. 50. signifies an ass or a mule, on which one used to that the name who was going abroad, Du Cange says, Rudd. thinks that it may be here rendered big, large, was transferred to the staffs which pilgrims carried, and that hence comes burly. But burrel speris are who travelled on foot to Jerusalem. This seems very either staves or burdens, used by country people fanciful. L. B. burdo. Borda is rendered clama, or made in a manner. instead of spears ; spears clumsy as a Isidor. Gl., which some understand denoting club. Chaucer borel, id. "borel folk, borel men." L. B. But it is doubtful. in a baton. of cloth which Horde, Saiutonge, burell-us, a species coarse ; Du Cange from the These terms have probably originated derives from Lat. byrrlms, a word used by Augustine Gothic, especially as we have Isl. broddstafur, scipio, for a linen coat. But the most natural origin is Teut. id. G. Andr. 37 a hastulus, hastile, bridding-ur, p. ; q. buer, a peasant. pointed staff, or one shod with a sharp point. a whalefisher's for a field a BURG of ice, phrase 2. Be staff and burden; phrase respecting of ice floating in the sea, S.; most probably either investiture or resignation. from Germ, a hill or mountain ; eis- ' ' berg, Johne Balliol, void of al abulyemantis, come kingly the common term with ane quhit wand in his hand to king Edward for berg, among Danes, all titill he for feir of his lyfe, resignit richt & that Swedes, Dutch, and German navigators, had or micht haue to the croun of Scotland be staf & the floating mountains of ice. burdon in king Edwardis handis, & maid hym chartour thairof in his manner in the iiii. of his [this] yeir regne." a. pi Burgesses. Bellend. Cron. B. xiv. c. 3. BURGENS, - That thai wald bryng alsua As the of a staff was the token of investi- receiving Honorabil and awenand. the of it was the of burgens, ture, delivering up symbol resigna- Wyniown, viii. 5. 23. tion. Among the ancient Franks, this was the mode Moes-G. Lat. burgens-es, Gl. Wynt. of investing one with royal authority. Not only a baurjans, a but also a rod or staff, was in many instances sceptre, BURGEOUN, s. A bud, a shoot. delivered into the hand of him who was acknowledged - Within hir palice yet as supreme ruler. V. Du Cange, vo. Baculus. Of hir first husband, was ane tempill bet, and hald in ful BURDOUN, s. "The drone of a bagpipe, Of marbill, grete reuerence, With snaw quhite bendis, carpettis and ensence, in which sense it is used in S." commonly And festuall burgemms, arrayit in thare gyse. Rudd. Doug. Virgil, 116. 5. is into E. Per- Fr. bourdon, id. Fr. burgeon, id. The v. adopted haps the Fr. word is radically from Su.-G., boerja, s. pi. of kind whence BURDOWYS, Club-bearers, fighters oriri, as denoting a beginning any ; maces. or rather Isl. arborum, with boerjan, initium ; bar, gemma

seu frondes ; G. Andr. The gud Stewart off Scotland then primulae Send for his and his men, frendis, To v. a. 1. When the marches Quhill he had with him but archeris, BURGESS, And but burdowys and awblasteris. of a town were rode, it was customary, in xvii. 236. MS. Harbour, their to take those who had been This seems to signify, men who fought with clubs or progress, L. B. a or a. v. made the and to strike batons ; from borda, club, Burdon, burgesses during year, O. Fr. bourdonasse, a sort of lance, denominated from their buttocks on a stone. This was called its resemblance to a staff as as a ; being nearly light Fife. javelin, but well-pointed. Burdare, (Matt. Paris), is burgessing, besides the diversion afforded to to fight with clubs, after the manner of clowns, qui, he This harsh custom, be to have the says, Anglis Burdons. V. Menage, vo. Bourdon. Bourde the unpolished agents, might supposed urn [337] BUR

influence in assisting the local memory of the BURIO, BOUEAU, BURRIO, BUKIOK, Bi i:- as that said to exist among the native and patients, s. An executioner. the rounds BIOUR, more wild Irish, who, during the night, go " is aa gen of the estates to which they still lay claim, as having The samyn punist condignely he descniit, he was hurio to self mair than we belonged to their ancestors, and for the purpose of hym schamefully Cron. B. vi. e. 2. more deeply impressing on the memories of their chil- mycht deuyse." Bellend. ilrrn the boundaries of the several properties, at certain "The cruel Inglis ar boreaus ande hangmen per- mittit be God 40. resting-places give them a sound flogging. topuneisus." Compl. S., p. Barrio, Calderwood. 2. same term was used to denote a The savage Tiiir catiff miscreants I meue, custom used by the rabble in Edinburgh on As burivi'8 has euer Vena Wordie to vilipend. his Actuated Majesty's birth-day. perhaps, SureFi Ptlg., Watson's Coll., ii. 40. in a of often laid btirrionris sail come to part by spirit envy, they Sum ye gar yow ; hold of those who were on their way to the And tham coiiuuul to work at my bidding. Clariodus, MS. (fl. Compl. Parliament House to drink the health, " Is he [Antichrist] without God, trow ye ? No, he hoisted up some of them, and gave them is no other thing but a burrio sent from the tribunal of God to the as a would send several smart blows, on the seat of honour, plague ingrate world, king to a thiefe in his an hangman hang or murtherer ; God on one of the which the posts guarded pave- just judgement sends him to execute justice vpon this to ment. By this ceremony'they pretended ingrate world for the contempt of the light of the Bollock on 2 91. make them free of the good town. Of late gospell." Thes., p. Fr. bourreau, id. For the various conjectures as to this has been abolished. V. years practice the origin of the Fr. word, V. Diet. Trev. BEJAN, v. BURLAW, BYRLAW, BIRLEY, BARLEY, . *. of a BURIALL, A place interment, bury- A court of neighbours. " ing-place. Laws of Burlaw ear maid & determined be consent of elected and chosen be "And thairfore the said Revestrie was disponit to neichtbors, common consent, Schir James Dundas of Arnestoun knycht to be ane in the courts called the Byrlaw courts, in the quhilk is taken of betuixt nichtbour luii-iall for him and his posteritie." Acts Ja. VI. 1612, cognition complaintes, & nichtbour. The men sa as & ar- Ed. 1814, p. 499. quhilk chosen, judges bitrators to effect ar called Johns, derives E. burial from bury. But it is evi- the foresaid, commonly the same with A.-S. Byrtaw-men." Skene, Verb. Sign, in vo. dently byrigeh, sepnltura ; sepul- " chrum, momimentum, tumba, tumulus; Lye. Birlate-courta are rewled be consent of neigh- bours." Reg. Maj. B. iv. c. 39. 8. s. a It is of late that this custom was abolished in BURIAN, A mound, tumulus ; or, a only kind of S. Aust. someparishes. fortification, "This towne consists of above 20 freedoms. This "There are a number of cairns or burians in great ; little republic was governed by a birley court, which also many circular enclosures on hills and eminences, every proprietor of a freedom had a vote." P. formed by a great quantity of stones, which have now Crawford, Lanarks. Statist. Ace. iv. 512, 513. no appearance of having been built." P. Kirkpatrick- In the North of S. it seems to have been used within Juxta, Dumfr. Statist. Ace. iv. 522. the last century. For there can be little doubt that "There is a great number of burians in this parish. what is written barley-men must be understood in this These are all of a circular form, and are from 36 to 50 sense, as denoting country-men chosen as judges in yards diameter. They are supposed by some to be re- some matter in which they are supposed competent to mains of Pictish others encampments ; think that they determine. were places of strength, into which the inhabitants "The said John Hay, as tacking burden aforesaid, collected their when cattle, alarmed with a visitation obliges himself to provide the foresaid William in ane from the English borderers," &c. P. Westerkirk, house and yard, and to give him ane croft by the Dumfr. Statist. Ace. xi. 528. sight of barley-men, give he require the same, he pay- from Perhaps A.-S. beorg, burg, mons, acervus, ing the rent the barley-men puts it too." Contract munimeutum If ; sepulcrum. originally meant for A. 1721. State Fraser of Fraserfield, p. 327. The defence they may nave been the sanie with the brogks same language occurs in another Contract, ibid. or of the S. which brughs Bor., were certainly Skene denves this from Belg. baur (boer), a husband- Pictish. The name, however, may be from A.-S. byri- man, and law. Jomandes, speaking of the ancient ill-mi, byrgene,.sepulcrum, monumentum, tumulus. For, Getae, says that they called their laws Bilagines, which from of the A. -Saxons the similarity form, gave same term is generally viewed as compounded of by, a city, name to a as to a fortification, place appropriated for and laga, law. As Germ, bauer, A.-S. bur, Isl. byr, the both circular and elevated. burying dead, being signify a village, as well as a husbandman, this may be /{itrian, indeed, bruyh, and E. barrow, seem to be all the meaning of the word in burlaw. Isl. bunkap is from the same root. denotes the right of citizenship ; and bursprak the place in which the citizens assembled to s. " BURIEL, consult about their common concerns. " Uppa Item, three bannurs [banners] for the procession, burspraket the Aerrar ginge ;" "These noblemen and two burieln witli their brists with a baims cap for went into the senate." Chron. Rhythm, ap. Ihre, vo. the crosse." Inventar of is a or Vestments, A. 1559 ; Hay's Bur. This word from by, city, genit. byr bur, Scotia Sacra, p. 189. and sprak, discourse or council. Alem. apracha signi- This be the same with Fr. L. bi/rell- council the of may burell, B. fies a ; and prah-/irux, place meeting. us, a coarser and thicker kind of cloth, whence Bureil, The ancient Franks called their convention, or the rustic. Du to Cange, however, takes notice of prrtiosos place where they met, Mallum, from matl-a, speak ; Ilin-ellos. These, it appears, had been made at Ratis- as their successors were wont to call it parlement, from bon. parler, for the same reason. T2 BUR [338] BUR

to our re- Isl. bylag, bya-lay, indeed, corresponds BuRLY-TSviNE, s. A kind of strong coarse dundant Laws of Burlaw. phrase, somewhat thicker than packthread, "The Icelandic word bya-lag signifies laws of vill- twine, ages or townships." Von Troil's Letters on Iceland, Mearns. p. 115. N. This, although not mentioned by Johns., s. The bread burnt in the is the original sense, of the E. word by-law. V . Cowel, BURLINS, pi. vo. Bilaw. Hence, oven in baking, S., q. burnlins. to that which BUELIE-BAILIE, s. An officer employed BURN, s. 1. Water, particularly enforce the laws of the Burlaw-courts. is taken from a fountain or well, S. B. This falconer had tane his way What maks Auld Reikie's dames sae fair ? and the moss It cannot be the halesome O'er Calder-moor ; gawn np, air, He thare forgather'd with a gossip : But caller burn beyond compare, the best o' And wha was't, trow ye, but deel, The ony ; That had disguis'd himsell sae weel That gars them a" sic graces skair, blink sae In human shape, sae snug and wylie ; And bonny. Jud tuk him for a burlie-bailie. Fergusson's Poetas, ii. 41.

ii. 536. ' " Ramsay's Poems, ' Dial. JBurne is water ; Clav. Yorks. I am inclined to consider this as the primary sense BURLED, BURLIT, part. pa. Su.-G. of the word ; Moes-G. and Precop. brunna, sail answer for all "The Maister of the money gold brunn, Isl. brunn-ur, Germ, brun, Teut. burn, borne, and siluer, that salbe strickin vnder him. And that water from a well. a well, a fountain ; Belg. bomwater, na sail tak the said fra it be burlit and man money, Gael, burne also signifies water. Some trace the Goth, his Acts Ja. 1451 ; clyppit, bot at awin lyking." II., words to Heb. bor, a fountain, others to Su.-G. rinna, c. 35 edit. c. 23. ; 1566, Burled, Skene, to run, to flow; b, after the Gothic manner, being pre- ? Does this signify burnt, from Fr. brul-er fixed.

2. A rivulet, a brook, S. A. Bor. s. A standing or stuffed neck for BURLET, ran rede on with wattir broun, a Ryueris spate gown. And burnis harlis all thare bankis doun. "Alang taillit gowne of layn sewit with silver & Doug. Viryil, 200. 25. burlettis.'' In- went to quhit silk, laich neccat [necked] with I was wery of wandering, and me rest, a bowne side. ventories, A. 1578, p. 219. Under a brode banlce, by " sa.tine and silver P. Pass. i. A. 1. A lang taillit gowne of crammosie Ploughman laich nekit, with burlettis freinyeit about with silver E. bourn. In this sense only A.-S. burn, byrna, .burlettis." 220. In the rest of a torrent. with body and Ibid., p. occur ; or, as signifying the instead of body, it is bodies and bodyes, passages, used in S. B. i.e. boddice. 3. The water brewing, or a roule of Fr. baurlet, bourrelet, "a wreath, cloth, The same term is applied to the water used in &c. linnen, or leather, stuffed with flockes, haire, washing, S. B. In both cases it is generally understood a (for a ruffe, &c.) of satin, taffata, &c., to denote water not also, supporter " warmed, although boiling. and an like a roule. having edge Cotgr. The browstaris of Cowpar town, To mak thin aill thay think na fait, s. a S. B. meikill burtie and malt. BURLY, A crowd, tumult, Of lytill C'/iron. S. P. ii. 344. Lyndsay, , Teut. borl-en, to vociferate, to make a noise. Hence cowpit him then into the hopper, E. hurly-burly. They And brook his banes, gnipper for gnopper, as Syne put the burn untill the gleed, BUIRLIE, Stately, strong ; BURLY, adj. And leepit the een out o' his head. This o' Ball. ii 239. applied to buildings. word, although Allan Maut, Jamieson^s Popular , of Aberd. he who is in brew- iised in E. is expl. by Johns, as merely In some parts engaged if one used the word " of stature." ing, is much offended any water, signifying, great in relation to the work in which he is employed. It Wallace brek thai " gert burly byggyngis bavld, is common to reply in this case, Water be your part in tlm and als in Lotliiaue. Bathe Merss, of it." This must be connected with some ancient, viii. 402. MS. Wallace, as if the use of although unaccountable, superstition ; a banner : It is also used in relation to the word water would spoil the browst. the Than out thai raid all to a random richt, The same sort of superstition prevails in some of This courtlie King, and all his eiimlie ost, Western Islands, particularly among the inhabitants of His buirlie bainer brathit upon hicht. Lewis, when on their fishing excursions. i. 28. King JIart, "It is absolutely unlawful to call the Island of St. In Gl. expl. "burly, bold." If it occurs in this sense Kilda by its proper Irish name ffirt, but only the in Maitland P., I have overlooked it. high country. They must not so much as once name Teut. boer, Germ, bauer, a boor, with the termination the islands, in which they are fowling, by the ordinary There are lie, denoting resemblance. name Flannan, but only the country. several other things that must not be call'd by their

the it also : which in the of *BURLY, adj. Besides E. sense, common names e.g. Visk> language the natives signifies water, they call Burn : a rock, signifies rough, S. Hence, which in their language is Creg, must here be call'd a Cruey, i.e. hard : shore* in their language claddac/i, BURLY-HEADIT, adj. Having rough appear- in " must here be call'd vah, i.e. a cave : sour their ance a a Roxb. be call'd ; as, burly-headit fallow," language is express'd gort, but must here

: which is must I have some doubt, however, whether this has- not tjaire, i.e. sharp slippery, express'd bo

Hire informs us that the ancient Swedes had a simi- This is analogous to the IS. Prov., "Brunt bairn* the fire dreads." lar superstition. They would not give its own name to any thing that was of an ominous nature, afraid lest in an imprudent tongue should give offence. They there- 2. To deceive, to cheat a bargain, S. One an iiiollrnsive as when fore employed circumlocution; says that he has been brunt, when over- meant to It tliunil< used the tlii'y say, r*, they phrase, reached. These are senses QodgilbbeH anker, i.e. Thor drives his chariot. For merely oblique lliiili/iililirn waa their Jupiii r tnnitruam, from God, Dens, of the E. v. and Uubbe, senex. Superstitio veterum, says Ihre, nil, cui omen inesse potuit, suo nomine appellare voluit, 3. To derange any part of a game by improper verita, ne imprudens lingua offenderet, et hinc ejus- in " to interference ; as, curling, burn a modi euphemismo uteuduui pro sua simplicitate ecu- is the suit. Gl. vo. Gitbbe. stane," to render move useless, by the " interference of one who has not the right to 4. Urine, S. B. To make one's burn" min- play at that time, Clydes. gere. Germ, brun, urina. This Wacliter derives from born, fons, quia urina est liumor, To BURN, v. n. A term used by young qui per varies meatus excernitur instar people at various sports, as intimating that fontis. the person, to whom it is applied, is near the Auld Harry never thought it wrang object that he seeks for, S.

To work a turn ; flatter that I children Or stap the very haly sang "I myself burn, (as say at To inak his burn. hide-and-seek, when they approach the person or thing I'icken's Poems, 1788, p. 118. concealed :) yes, I do flatter myself that I burn in the conclusion of this paper." Blackw. Mag., Jan., 1821, p. BURN BRAE, g. The acclivity at the bottom of 355. which a rivulet runs, S. A figure borrowed perhaps from the idea of one in as within the reach the a bower on burn being danger of flame. They biggit yon brae, And theekit it o'er wi' thrashes. To the a used to Song, Bessy Bell and Mary Gray. BURN WATER, phrase de- flocks are of While our reposing oil yon burn-bra?,, note the act killing salmon with a lister Adowu the clear fountain I'll hear sweet thy lay. under South of S. Tarras's night, Poems, p. 119. " The fishers follow the practice of their forefathers, s. small rill BURN-GRAIN, A running into a angling, setting small nets in burns, when the river is in and them with larger stream, Lanarks. V. GRAIN, GKANE. [Tweed] flood, killing listers, when the river is small and the serene evening ; and this they BURN-SIDE, s. The ground situated on the call bumig the water, because they are obliged to carry a torch in the boat." Stat. Ace. P. side of a rivulet, S. lighted Mertoun, xiv. 591. " ' Ye're in better spirits than I am,' said Edie, ad- the ' dressing bird, for I can neither whistle nor sing BURN-AIRN, s. 1. An iron instrument for o' the bonny turtmuUx and shaws thinking green used red hot for impressing letters or other that I should hae been dandering beside in weather " marks the owner's initials on like this.' Antiquary, iii. 165. ; generally, the horns of sheep, S. BCUN-TROUT, s. A trout that has been bred in a as " rivulet, distinguished from those bred 2. Metaph. used thus : They're a' brunt wi' in a river, S. ae bum-aim" i.e. They are all of the same "Salmo the River in a Fario, Trout, vulgarly called kidney ; always bad sense, Aberd. Burn Yellow Trout. Trout, These are found in great numbers in all our rivulets," Arbuthnot's Hist. BURN-GRENGE, s. One who sets fire to Peterhead, p. 22. bams or granaries. is BURNIE, BURNT, sometimes used, as a dimin. Ane ypocreit in haly kirk, A burn in the dirk. denoting a small brook, S. grenge ColkeUne Sow, F. i. v. 92. bonny are our greensward hows, "One who consumes granaries in the dark," or Where through the birks the bumy rows, "by And the bee bums, and the ox lows, night." And saft winds rusle, And shepherd-lads, on sunny knows, BURN-WOOD, s. Wood for fuel, S. Blaw the blythe fusle. " There are no pites [peats] in them, but many ships Seattle's Ross's vii. Address, Helenor?, p. being cast away upon them, the inhabitants make use * of the wrack for burn-wood." Brand's To BTJEN, v. a. 1. One is said to be burnt, Zetland, p. 92, when he has 93. suffered in any attempt. Ill burnt, having suffered severely, S. BURNECOILL, s. Grite burnecoill, that " A number of the which is now denominated Great royal party rising in a very con- Coal. fused imprudent iu were all " way many shires, easily It is vndirstand, that the grite burnecoi/l ar com- scattered. We are that no Scotsman glad, was found mounlie transportit furth of this reahne, not onlie be accessory to any of these It our designs. seems, people his hienes awiie subiectis, hot be strangearis quha at were so ill that burnt, they had no stomach for any all tymes laidnis thair and vtheris veschellis farther schippis meddling." Baillie's Lett., ii. 396. thairwith," &c. Acts Ja., VI. 1597, Ed. 1814, p. 121. BUR [340] BUR

tural sound to the letter which in some BUENET, adj. Of a brown colour. R, places goes by the name of the Berwick Burr." P. Coldstream, Behaldand thame sa diuers mony hew, Berw. Statist. Ace. iv. Sum sum sum and sum 420. peirs, pale, burnet, blew, This word seems formed from the sound. Grose Sum gres, sum gowlis, sum purpure, sum sanguane. however, if I his meaning, views it Douy. Virgil, 401. 1. rightly apprehend " as containing an allusion to the field burr, as if some- Fr. brunette, a dark brown stuff formerly worn by thing stuck in the throat. persons of quality," Rudd. L. B. brunet-a, brunet-um, pannus non ex nativi coloris lana coufectus, sed quavis BUEEA, s. The name given in Orkn. and tinctura imbutus ; Du Gauge. Shetl. to the common kind of rush, which a black- BUENEWIN, s. A cant term for there is the Juncus Squarrosus. smith, S. "Juncus Squarrosus, provincially burra, is a valu- Then Burnewin comes on like death able food for sheep in Shetland, in winter." Agr. At ev'ry chaup. Burns, iii. 15. Surv. Shetl., p. 65. " Burn-the-wind, an appropriate term ;" N. ibid. Inclosed. V. Bow- V. COLIBRAND. BUEEACH'D, part. pa. RACH'D. BUENIN' BEAUTY, a female who is very BUEEEL, s. A hollow piece of wood used handsome. The idea is thus reversed ; " in V. COCK-A-BENDY. She's nae burnin' beauty mair than me," twisting ropes, Ayrs. a diminutive from Isl. Dan, Eoxb. Perhaps q. bore-all ; or bar, Teut. boor, terebra. BUENT SILVEE, BRINT SILVER, silver re- BUEEEL, . The provincial pronunciation fined in the furnace. of E. barrel, Eenfr. It would appear that this as used in our designation, The gamester's cock, frae some aul' barrel, is with bullion. old laws, merely synon. Proclaims the morning near. is weil that al bathe "It knawin cunyit money, A. Wilson's Poems, 1790, p. 82. siluer and gold put to thejire to be maid bulyone to [for] " BUEEEL s. vtlier new money," i.e. for being re-coined, is miiiist LEY, [diminished], waistit, and distroyit in the translacione "The inferior land, besides the outfields, was de- 112. if at be the fire," &c. Acts Ja. III. 1475, Ed. 1814, p. nominated faughs, only ribbed midsummer ; was in this "Theauld money that had courss realme, called one fur ley, if the whole surface was ploughed ; baith of the realme self & vtheris, has bene translatit or burrel ley, where there was only a narrow ridge & put to fyre, and maid bulyeoune to vthir moneye ploughed, and a large stripe or baulk of barren land that is of new." Ibid. A. 1478, p. 118. between Agr. Surv. Aberd., p. 235. " striking every ridge." it diuers that and S. They thinke expedient for causis, Isl. buraleg-r signifies agrestis, incomptus ; thair be strikin of the vnce of brint siluer, or bulyeoun Bureil, bural, rustic. Thus the term might denote of that fynes, viii. grotis, and of the samin mater and ley that was not properly dressed. wecht, as effeiris, half grot, penny, half penny, and v. a. To in work- ferding." Acts Ja. II., 1451, c. 34, Edit. 1566, Burnt To BUEEIE, overpower silver, Skene, c. 33. in at S. ing, to overcome striving work, B.; Mr. Pinkerton has observed that this is "fine silver, allied to Fr. bourr-er, Isl. ber-ia, to synonymous with the Spanish argento acendrado," perhaps Essay on Medals, ii. 346. The phrase, however, is of beat. great antiquity among the Northern nations. Kongr faladi tha skiolldin, enn thangbrandir gaf honuin tha BUEEY, adj. skialldarins i xkiolldin, enn Kongr gaf hanom jamnvirdi Sir Corby Rawin was maid a procitour, : the shield that he brendo sylfri Then the King cheapened ; Summond the Scheip befoir the Wolf, the within tha and Thangbrand gave him the shield, and King Perimptourly, dayis thre, gave him the full value of it in burnt silver. Valorem Compeir undir the panis in this bill, And heir wald him till. rex argento puro rependit. Kristnisag. c. 5, p. 30. quhat hurry Dog say Henrysone, Bannatyue Poems, p. 109. st. 3. The same phrase, brendu silfri, occurs in p. 126. is to Lord Brent gull used in the same sense, as to gold ; "Probably, rough, boorish," according Purum putum aurum, Verel. Ind. Hailes. It might bear this meaning, as descriptive of of the Fr. Snorro Sturleson shews that skirt silfr, i.e. pure sil- the shaggy appearance dog. bourru, " locks of wool. ver, and brennt silfr, are the same. For when Kall- fiockie, hairie, rugged," Cotgr., bourre, to the idea of dori, the son of Snorro, the high priest, received his But it seems more naturally convey character salary from the servants of Harold the Grim, King of cruelty, especially considering the allegorical from Fr. an Norway, he in a rage threw loose the skirt of his gar- of this dog given before ; bourreau, ment, in which was the money, so that it fell among executioner. V. BUH.IO. at the same time that his the stubble ; complaining BUEEY-BUSH s. stipend was not paid without fraud. The King, being informed of this, commanded that there should be He in tift wad sing the Mantuan swain,

. he aft shaw'd 's adown the given to him twelve ounces, skiran brends silfris, "of Which burry-bmh. Tarrcts's Poems, 5. pure [or sheer] burnt silver." Vita Reg. Haraldi. V. p. Annot. ad Kristuis. p. 169, 170. Supposed to be an crrat. for berry bush.

s. Given in Gl. as not under- BUEE, BURRH, s. The whirring sound made BUEEICO, stood. by some people in pronouncing the letter r; Sair it was to se with murther as by the inhabitants of Northumberland, S. your prince prest ; Sairar, I say, him, in his place possest, "From that river as far I be- that [Tweed] southward, The deid did ; than Burrico, now Brydegrome. lieve as Yorkshire, the people universally annex a gut- Testament K. Hen-He, Poems Sixteenth Cent. p. 260. BUR [341] BUR

This has undoubtedly been written burrio, i. e. ex- bursary to the student whom have chosen, and they1' cutioner. V. BURIO. who continues in it for 4 years. P. Dron, Perths Statist. Ace. ix. 480. *. l. "There are four bursaries BURRIS, P at the King's college of Aberdeen "Thai have nocht ceissit,'thir dyuers yens bigane for boys educated here. They arise from L.600 to slay and distroy the saidis solane geis, be casting of Sterling." P. Mortlach, Aberd. Statist. Ace xvii. neittis and hwikis with bait and burri, to draw and 433. "That nane sail allure tlio auld solane geis to the boittis quhairin the bruik ane burss in ony facultie hot saidis personia and marinaris ar." Acts Ja. VI. 1592, for the space of foure yeiris." Acts Ja. VI. 1579, Ed Ed. 1814, p. 614. 1814, p. 179, 180. Must from Fr. bourre, flocks or locks of " probably 2. A Ane burss wool, hair, &c. purse, commound ;" Aberd. BURROWE-MAIL. V.MAIL. Reg. BURSE, s. A court of s. consisting merchants, BURS, BUKRES, The cone of the fir, S. constituted for giving prompt determination But contrair thec, togidder stiffe they stand, fast like burres in mercantile affairs the And they cleife baith ane and all, ; resembling Dean To word and vs in hald, God, thy thrall. of Guild's court in S.; from Fr. bourse. Poems of the Sixteenth Century, p. 97. the jugement of the said Deane of [Burres here means the heads or flowers of the "Cpnfermis gild Bur, and his counsaill in all actionis or concerning merchan- Bur-dock, q. v.] dis and to haue full strenth ; and effect in all tymes BURSAR, s. One who receives the benefit according to the lovable forme of jugement vsit in all the guid townis of France and Flanderis, quhair burses of an endowment in a for ar erected college, bearing and constitute, and speciallie in Pariss, his expenses during his education there, S. Eowen, Burdeaulx, Rochell." Acts Ja. VI. 1593, Ed. ' ' 1814, p. 30. We thinke it expedient that in every Colledge in " La bourse i Toulouse est le lieu ou les marchands every University, there be 24 Bursar*, devided rendent leur all justice, suivant le pouvoir leur en equally in the classes and sieges as is above expre- qui a e'te' donne edit Henri mit that in S. in par II. i Paris au mois de Juillet ; is, Androes 72 Bursars, Glasgow 48 1548, quel u leur d'etablir dans Toulouse une Bursars, in Aberdeen 48, to be sustained only in meat octroya bourse commune semblable au de avec upon the charges of the Colledge." First Buik of Change Lyon, pouvoir d'elire tons les ana un Prieur et deux Descipline, c. 7, 22. Consuls, " qui jugeroient en premiere instance tous les Queen Mary, for the zeal she bore to letters, &c., proces entre les merchands. L'edit direction founds five poor children bursars within the said de- celle de Paris porte meme c'est tout ainsi college, to be called in all times to come bursars of her expressement que que les places appellees le a et Bourse a foundation. The name of bursar, or bursarius, was Change Lyon, Toulouse et a Rouen." Diet. Trev. anciently given to the treasurer of an university or of Guicciardini that the of the as a college, who kept the common purse of the com- says, origin term, that in denoting an Exchange (as that of London) was that munity ; we see, Queen Mary's time, this in Bruges, where Bourse was first used in this name had come to be given to poor students, probably sense, they occupied a great house which had been built because they were pensioners on the common purse." by Univ. a noble family of the name of Bourse. But as this Glasgow, Statist. Ace. xxi., App. p. 18. word seems to have been used in to L. B. Bursar-ius not only denotes a treasurer, but a previously regard a society, the members of which made a common stock scholar supported by a pension. Bursarii dicuntur, far and it ex avoiding envy opposition ; seems preferable quibus ejusmodi Bursts stipendia : praestantur quae to view this as vox etiamnum obtinet in Academiarum merely an oblique use of the term, as publiearum a Scholasticis, quibus ob rei domesticae penuriam certa originally signifying purse. to the name indeed uuaedam stipendia ex area ad id ad According Kilian, referred to destinata, peragen- the dos studiorum cursus institution at Surges, but for a different reason, ; Du Cange. because the house was the Fr. boursier, in like manner, not a trea- distinguished by sign of " signifies only a but a or one that large purse or scrip. As he renders Germ, and Si- surer, pensioner ; hath an yearely camb. bars, contubernium, he Teut. pension in a college ;" Cotgr. V. also Diet. Trev. manipulus, expl. I borse, crumena, Gr. i.e. corium find no proof as to the time when these terms were marsupium, Bup

2. It often with And bois schaumes of torned lusch boun tre, signifies, overpowered fatigue; That grew on Berecynthia montane hie. so as to also, overheated by violent exertion Doug. Virgil, 299. 45. Buxus, Virg. dead. s. is used in a similar drop down The Belg. bosse-boom, butboom, Fr. bouts, buis, Ital. busso, sense a burst. Bor. brossen id. induced the similarity of the phrase to ; He got A. ; Being by the Teut. to look into the various I Grose. name, readings, find that in edit. 1553, it is "bosch borne tre," which ' ' Rudd. views as A great many burgesses were killed, twenty-five perhaps right. householders in St. Andrews, many were bursten in the To v. n. To an ambush tight, and died without a stroke." Baillie's Lett., ii. 92. BUSCH, lay ; pret. buschyt. BURSTON, s. A dish composed of corn, The ost he maid in gud quyet to be, roasted hot stones it till by rolling amongst A space fra thaim he buschyt prewale. viii. 588. MS. it be made quite brown, then half ground Wallace, 0. E. bussed. and mixed with sour milk, Orkn. was bussed besid the flora. Perhaps softened from burnt-stane, q. burnt with Saladyn priuely stones. R. Brunne, p. 187. This resembles the Graddan of the Highlanders. This word, although it may be a corr. of Fr. V. GRADDAN. embusch-er, preserves more of the original form. For it is undoubtedly from busch, a bush. Ital. bone-are, Addressed to BUS, (Fr. M) interj. cattle, imbosc-are, from bosco, q. to lie hid among bushes. equivalent to "Stand to the stake;" Dumfr. BUSCHEMENT, s. Ambush. Evidently from Buse, a stall, q. v. The buschement and come in all thair brak, mycht ; BUS, s. A bush, S. buss. At thair awne will soue entrit in that place. Wallace, vi. 821. MS. Upon the biases birdies sweetly sung. It is used in 0. E. Ross's Heknore, p. 26. Leulyn in a wod a bussement he held. Doug, uses it metaph. R. Brunne, p. 242. Before the formest oistis in the plane, . cow's a Amyd ane bus of speris in rade thay. BUSE, BUISE, BOOSE, A stall, Virgil, 232. 16. V. BUSK. crib, Lanarks.; the same with E. boose.

s. 1. Isl. bovis in bovili an ox's stall BUSCH, Bus, BUSHE, A larger kind bans, locus, ; boes-a, bovem in locum suum ducere (G. Andr. 24) ; the of boat, used by those who go on the herring p. very idea conveyed by our v. V. Buss, v. S. E. fishing, ; buss, s. A between "For the commone gud of the realme, & the gret WEIR-BUSE, partition cows, riches to encress of be brooht within the realme of [i.e. Lanarks. Flandr. weer,sepimenturn, septum, or out vther that certain from, of] euntreis, lordis and buse, a stall. spirituale & temporale, & burowis, ger mak or get & vther witht nettis schippis, buschis, gret pynk botis, s. An iron for & al tharfor for BUSE-AIEN, marking sheep, abilyementis ganing fisching." Parl. To Ja. III. A. 1471, Acts Ed. 1814, p. 100. Clydes. [V. BUIST.] It is a term of at least considerable antiquity. Not connected with Buse a stall ; but softened from Su.-G. buz, buza, busza, navigii grandioris genus. This Buist, used to denote the mark set on sheep. word is used by Sturleson to denote a large ship. It was well known in at least as as the England early reign To BUSE, BUST, v. a. To inclose cattle in a of Richard I. Rex Anglorum Richardus iter mariti- S. B. mum ingrediens, secum habuit 13 naves praegrandes, stall, vocant bussas &c. MS. This quae vulgo, ap, Spelman. A.-S. bosg, bosig, praesepe ; E. boose, a stall for a learned writer derives the term from Belg. bmse, a box, cow, Johns, because a ship of this kind resembled a box in the width of its form. A variety of other conjectures as to its To BUSH, v. a. To sheathe, to inclose in a are mentioned vo. etymon by Ihre, Buz. Fr. busse, case or to the wheels of box, S. ; applied bunt ; Belg. buys ; L. B. buss.a, buz--a, buc-ia, &c. carriages. 2. It seems to have been anciently used in a Su.-G. bosse, Germ, buchse, Belg. bosse, a box or case more sense, general of any kind, Sw, huilbosse, the inner circle of a wheel " Ane busche quhilk was takin be the Franchemen," which incloses the axletree. Aberd. Reg, A. 1538, V. 16. "The busche that come "Item, ane pair of new cannone quheillis buschit last out of Danskyn." Ibid. with brass, nocht schod." Invent. A. 1566, p. 168. "Item, ane auld cannone quheill buschit with brace half with BUSHE-FISHING, s, The act of fishing in [brass], garnisit iron." Ibid. Hence, busses, S. " BUSCH, BOUSCHE, s. A sheath of this de- That there be no bushe faking betwix the ylands" and the mayne land whilk is from the Farayheid, &c. scription. Acts Cha. I. Ed. 1814, V. v. 238. "Item, fyve buscheis of found [i.e. cast] for can- nonis and batterd quheillis." Invent. A. 1566, p. l(5Jt. BUSCH, s. Boxwood, S. B, "Ane vther cannon with ane of auld pair quheillis" As the quhissil renderis soundis sere, weill garnist with yron werk and bousches of fonte. With tympanys, tawbernis, ye war wouut to here, Ibid, p. 215. BUS [343] 111 S

of a ornare, to prepare a banquet. E. to drcsn, to pivp.u-i- BUSH, inter/. Expressive rushing sound, for to victuals. any purpose ; prepare of Tweedd. It as that water spouting out, Isl. bun-, while it signifies to prepare in general, is also to dress which renders it in some occurs in a coarse enough passage. applied ; degree probable that the verbs mentioned above may be traced To keep baith down, that upwards flew, to it, as having more of a radical form. At bua si;/, llf strave fu' hard, nae doubt o't; induere vestes, whence buuad-ur, habitus seu vestitus, Till bush I he gae a desperate spue, 1 dressed. An' gut an ga' he scoutit. Jtev. J. NicoFs Poems, i. 115. 3. To for defence used as a L. B. bus-bas was a term used to denote the noise prepare ; military made by fire-arms or arrows in battle. Bm-bas ultro term. ex eorum mortariolis resonantibus citroquc sagittisve "The covenanters heard indeed of the marquis in astris. V. Du Cange. coming, and therefore they took in the town, and busked the yard dykes very commodiously, as I have s. A small Fife; synon. BUSHEL, dam, said." Spalding, i. 108. v. He refers to what he had said in the Gushel, q. preceding took the town of and page ; "Thus they up Turriff, To BUSK, v. a. 1. To dress, to attire one's placed their muskets very advantageously about the Bor. id. Gl. dykes of the kirk yard." self, to deck, S. ; bus, A. Grose. 4. v. n. To tend, to direct one's course For athir the ordanit has partie price he, towards. In this sense it is used still more For the victour ane bull, and all his hede Of goldin schakeris, and rois garlandis rede, obliquely as intimating that one's course Buakit full well. towards is a Doug. Virgil, 149. 51. any place necessary preparation for the in view. She had noe sooner luskel her sell, reaching object Nor putten on her gown, his With mekil honour in erd he maid offering ; Till Adam o' Gordon and his men buskit hame the way, that he before yude. Were round about the town. Syne samyne Thayr wes na spurris to spair, spedely thai spring. Ritson's S. Songs, ii. 18. (Jaivan and Ool., i. 24. The term busk is used in this sense in a primary Out of this world all shall we meve, beautiful which is used in S. proverb very commonly And when we busk unto our bier, bride is soon 1. i.e. a "A bonny busked ;" Kelly, p. ; Again our will we take our leave. to time in beautiful woman does not need spend much Ritson's Anc. Sonys, p. 44. adorning herself. Quoted by Mr. Ellis, Spec. E. P. I. 263. He renders This seems to be the original sense of the word, it (/o. which Rudd. derives "from Fr. buse, bust], a, plated This use of the term is found in O. E. body, or other quilted thing, or whalebone to keep the of tho Danes were body straight." Sibb. supposes it might perhaps ori- Many priuely left, " to deck with flowers or Dan. & busked westward, forto robbe eft. ginally signify, bushes, R. Brunne, p. 39. busk, bush." But we have its natural affinity in Germ. butz-en, buss-en, Belg. boets-en, Su.-G. puls-a, puss-a, 5. It sometimes seems to imply the idea of ornare, decorare ; Germ, butz, buss, ornatus ; hence butz well dressed Wachter here motion as to rush. frauu, a woman. rapid ; equivalent refers to a term used in the Walapauz, Longobardic . To the wall thai sped them swith : to the act of on the of a Laws, signify putting garment And sone has wp thair leddir set, stranger surreptitiously obtained ; from wale, alieuus, That maid a clap quhen the cruchet and pauz, vestimentum. Wes fixit fast in the kyrneill.

That herd ane off the wachis weill ; 2. To prepare, to make ready, in general, S. And buskyl thiddirwart, but baid. Harbour, x. 404. MS. This is merely an oblique sense, borrowed On the ost but mar thai the one's as a gret process yeid, from idea of dressing self, Fechtand in and meikle frount, maistry maid ; necessary preparation for going abroad, or On the frayit folk buskyt with outyn baid, on an Rudly till ray thai ruschit thaim agayue. entering expedition. Wallace, vii. 818. MS. Thai busked, and maked hem bonn, be the same with the This, however, may preceding ; Nas ther no long abade. the phrases, but baid> with outyn baid, being perhaps Trislmn, p. 16. at. 14. added to convey the idea of rapid progress. The King bmkyt and maid him yar, Northwartis with his folk to far. to dress To BUSK HUKES, hooks ; to busk Harbour, viii. 409. MS. id. S. With that thai buskyl them onane, flies, And at the thair leiff has tane. King "He has done but dance and down Ibid. iv. 364. MS. nothing up about the town, without doing a single turn, unless "That all men busk thame to be archaris, fra he tliay trimming the laird's fishing-wand or buskiny his fiif, xii. of Acts Ja. 1. c. 20. Edit. 1566. 1 ' yeiris age." 1424, or may be catching a dish of trouts at an over-time. It occurs in the same sense in 0. E. i. 123. " " Waverley, Rise up," he said, thu proud schereff, /;.i/.v the, and make the bowne ; BUSKER, s. One who dresses another. I have spycd the kingis felon, Ffor sothe he is in this towne." "Mistress Mary Seaton is praised, by the queen, MS. Libr. Jamieson's ii. 5S. Cambridge Pop. Ball. to be the finest busker, that is, the finest dresser of a This figure is common in other languages. Thus, woman's head of hair, that is to be seen in any coun- Lat. ad Lett. Chalmers's i. 285. aliquid agendum accimji, to prepare ; convivium try." Knolly's Mary, BUS [344] BUS

BUSKIE, adj. Fond of dress, S.; expl. ''macka- BUSSIE, adj. Bushy, S. ronish," Gl. BUSS-TAPS. To gang o'er the buss-taps, to Kintra an' buskie lairds, cits, behave in an to A' gather roun' some sumphs. extravagant manner, q. "go Tarms's Poems, p. 136. over the tops of the bushes," Roxb. s. decoration. BUSKINGS, Dress, BUSS, s. The name given to a small ledge "That none weare their or buskinys, upon heads, of rocks, projecting into the sea, covered any feathers." Ace. Ja. VI. 1621., c. 25., 2. with sea-weed, Frith of Forth ; as, the Buss "If such glorious stones bee the foundation stones, what glorie must bee above in the palace top, where is of Newhaoen, the Buss of Werdie. &c. the busking of beautie ?" Z. Boyd's Last Battel, p. Denominated perhaps from its resemblance of a bush, 809. in S. buss. " pron. Too curious busking is the mother of lusting lookes, s. linen or worn the iuy-bush hung out for to inueigle vnsanctifieil BUSSIN, A cap hood, by hearts vnto folie." Ibid. 961. old p. women, much the same as Toy, q. v. West of S. from buss-us BUSK, BUSKRY, s. Dress, decoration. Perhaps Moes-G. fine Gr. id. or as allied to "The sight and consideration whereof may make linen, @vaan*t, ; me to tremble so as I be neither hurried into poor ; following word. blind transports neither yet be hissed nor hectored -Ye, sae droll, begin to tell us into a silence, a blaze and bunk of boisterous words, by How cank'ry wives grew witches pat, and the of the confidence of by brags big any." An' if they gaed to see a fair, 'Ward's 1. 2. M Contendings, p. Bade on a broom-stick thro' the air, "You will have that abominable brat dextrously Wi' lang-tail'd bussins, ty'd behin', cloathed and adorned with the busk and bravery of An' sax grey hairs upo' their chin. beautiful and big words, to make it be entertained Picken's Poems, 1788, p. 59. Ibid. 356. kindly." p. s. BUSSING, Covering. . "In the present case, we must not be pleased or put The folk was fain off with the buskry or bravery of words, when the To the on thair theis put bussing ; thing itself is lost and let go, which gives these words And sae they fled with all thair main, their right accent, sound and sweetness." Ibid. p. Douu owre the brae lyke clogged beis. 324. Redsqnair, Evergreen, ii. 230. What is here referred is the use of the merchants BUSK, s. A bush. to, packs, mentioned in the lines immediately preceding. My wretchit fude was berryis of the brymbill, And had not bene the merchant And staiu't heppis, quhilk I in buskis fand. packs There had bene mae of Scotland slain. Doug. Virgil, 90. 17. The the at of Su.-G. Isl. bu/tke, Germ, busch, Belg. bosch, frutex. English having advantage first, part them seized on the and loaded themselves with Ital. bosco, wood. spoil, it, in consequence of which they fell into disorder. from Germ, a a far- BUSKENING, s. Perhaps busch, fascis, bundle, if del ; not a derivative from the v. Bush, q. v. But I know by your busJcening, That you have something in studying, BUST, *. A box. V. BUIST. For your love, Sir, I think it be. Sir 13. " Egeir, p. BUST, BOOST, s. Tar mark upon sheep, This seems to like that signify high-flown language, the initials of the the E. the shoe an- commonly proprietor's used on stage ; from buskin, high Gl. Sibb. V. BUIST. ciently worn by actors. name,"

Can this be allied to Germ, butz, larva ; Teut. boets, To v. a. 1. To deck, Lanarks.; BUSS, synon. adumbratio picturae, Kilian? Or, does it merely Busk, q. v. mean, what is taken out of the ia.r-bust ? I'll buss my hair wi' the gowden brume, v. a. to dust with And speer nae leave o' thee, To BUST, To powder, An' come an' gae to the knowe, fairy flour, Aberd. Must, Whane'er it listeth me. synon. This v. is formed from a in Ballad, Edin. Mag. Oct. 1818, p. 327. probably bust, buist, box, allusion to the meal-bust. 2. dress as to Roxb. To ; applied hooks, To v. a. To beat, Aberd. Islboest-a,id. An' bonny Tweed, meandring by, BUST, Sweet sha'd her jumping finny fry, for busked, To tempt his saunt'ring steps abroad BUST, part. pa. Apparently Wi' Hy-buss'd hook, an' fishing rod. dressed. A. Scott's Poems, 1811, p. 18. To this our brave embassado r [f. Is] ; This retains the form of Germ, ornare. r buss-en, Whome to we doe sic hono , That I am send for, to hir Grace, s. A bush, S. BUSS, A cowe bust in a bischop's place '! With easy sklent, on ev'ry hand the braes Leg. Bp. St. Androis, Poems 16th Cent. p. 331. To right well up, wi' scatter'd busses raise. V. Buss, v. Moss's Helena/re, p. 22. BUST, (Fr. u) v. imp. Behoved; as, "He I like our hills an' heathery braes, the of Ilk burdie, buss, an' burnie, bust to do't," he was under necessity That lends its charms to glad my way doing it. This is the pron. of Wigtons. while On life's sad weary journey. is v. Picken's Poems, ii. 163- Bud that of Dumfr. BOOT, BUT, imp. I! rs [MB] BUI

And but scho come into the hall anone BUSTIAN, *. A kind of cloth. ; BUSTIAM, And syne sho went to se gif pny come. " // MaMand 1 Biutianu or woven twcill stuflf, the single peecc >ir, Poems, |>. not above fifteen elnes xvi 1." Rates A. 1611. 2. In the outer apartment. liimtinns, A. 1670. This seems the same now called To the bernis fer but sweit blenkis I cast. Fustian. For we learn, from Picken's Gl. that in Ayra. Duitbar, MaMand Poems, p. 63. Busline still signifies Fustian. " To gne but, to go forwards, or into, the outer apart- Gl. called BUSTINE, adj. Fustian, cloth," ment, or that used as the kitchen ; sometimes It is also as a Gur Imi Neat, neat she was, in Imstmn waistcoat clean, the but-home, S. used prep. As she came skifliug o'er the dewy green. the hotttf, 8. ii. Ramsay's Poems, 70. A.-S. butt, buta, Teut. buyten. extra foras ; forth, of out of doors. V. BEN. Perhaps it rather respects the shape the garment ; from Fr. bustf, "the long, small, or sharp pointed, and s. The outer of a house, S. hard-quilted belly of a doublet ;" Cotgr. BUT, apartment Mony blenkis ben our the but [that] full far sittis. Maillnnd 62. BUSTUOUS, BUSTEOUS, adj. 1. Huge, large Dunbar, Poems, p. in size. BUT, prep. 1. Without. The same time sendis sche "Touch not the cat but a glove ;" the motto of the Doun to his folkis at the coist of the se, Macintoshes. Twenty fed oxin, large, grete and fyne, And ane hundreth bustuous boukes of swyne. 2. Besides. Doug. Virgil, 33. 8. The gud Stewart of Scotland then Send for his and his men 2. Strong, powerful. frendis, ; Quhill he had with him, but archeris, The hie of thare helmes schane, tymbrellis And but burdowys and awblasteris, to behald as bustuous aikis twane, Lyke V hundre men, wycht and worthi, Beside the riuere Athesis beyne grow. That bar armys of awncestry. Jbid.,302. 27. Barbour, xvii. 235, 236. MS. That terribil trumpet, I hear tel, i.e. "Besides and besides and cross- Beis hard in heauin, in eirth and hel : archers, burdowys five at Those tliat wer drownit in the sey, bowmen, he had no more than hundred men That busteous blast sal arms." they obey. 167. manner soever Lyndsay's Warkis, 1592, p. A.-S. butan, praeter. In what but, this source " without, be derived, must have a common ; 'A. Eudd. If used in this Terrible, fierce," for it is evidently the same word, very little varied in sense by Douglas, I have overlooked it. meaning.

C. B. bvn/fitus, ferine, brutal, ferocious ; from btuyst, BUT, conj. 1. Marking what has taken place wild, ferocious, savage. recently, as to time. 4. Rough, unpolished. "They tirred from off his body a rich stand of ap- Weill I schaw bureil bustious thocht may my ; parel, but put on the same day." Spalding, ii. 281. shall endure in Bot thy werke laude and glorie ; But or eterne memorie. spot fait, condigne 2. Sometimes used as a conj. for that. Doug. Virgil, 3. 51. "Ye heard before, how James Grant was warded The of this word is uncertain. Bullet ima- origin in the castle of Edinburgh, looking but he should that C. B. boKtlo not but many gines only signifies, proud, of October have died ; nevertheless on Monday the 15th nigh in stature. With considerable it has probability at night, he came down over the castle wall, upon tows been traced to Su. -G. bui-a, cum impetu fern ; Ellis brought to him secretly by his wife,, and clearly wan Spec. 1. 352. Nearly connected with this is Teut. away," &c. Spalding, i. 18. boes-en, impetuose pulsare. Skinner having mentioned This seems an ellipsis, instead of "looking for no- Teut. byster, ferox, inmanis, as the origin of E. bowler- thing Imi that he should have died." ous, Rudd. says that it "seems to have the same ori- with this." If Germ, to and Isl. ginal busten, blow, BUT OIF, conj. Unless. bostra, grande sonare, have no affinity to buttuous, they "Tnielie in conscience I cannot that seem allied at least to the E. word. my gif you excellent pre-emynence and place, but

v. a. To divide as with 2. It seems also to be used for a small of To BUTE, ; synon. piece part. ground disjoined, in whatever manner, from the lands. In this sense, a small In the Sea Laws, it is ordained that if ships have adjacent been present at a capture, but have not aided in making parcel of land is often called, the butts. it, the mariners have no claim to a share ; unless it that their influenced the 3. Those of the tanned hides of horses appear being present " enemy parts to strike from fear. In this case the sail prisoneris which are under the crupper, are called credence thair aithis be trowit, and have upon ; except butts, as the extremities. it be that thair was promise maid amangis thame probably being [viz. the captors] to bute and part the pnzes takin Fr. bout, end, extremity. This Menage derives from ather in thair presence or absence." Balfour's Pract., Celt, bod, id. L. B. butta tcrrae, agellus, Fr. bout de p. 636. terrae; Du Cange. to divide in as a Schilter as a Celt, term The sense undoubtedly is, common gives but, terminus, limes, ; prey. L. B. but-um. This interpretation is confirmed by other passages. " *. V. under s.. A Of all pillage, the Capitane, the Master, &c., gettis BUTT-RIG, RIG, RIGG, na part nor buteing, bot it sail be equallie dividit ainang ridge. the remanent of the companie marineris that mak s. for watch, andgangis to the ruder." Ibid., p. 640. BUTT, Ground appropriated practising ' ' And it beis it sail remane to bute and gif mair, archery, S. parting." Ibid., p. 640. This is an oblique use of the E. term, which denotes The origin is most probably Su.-G. Isl. byt-a, pro- the mark shot at by archers. Our sense of the word nounced but-a, which primarily signifies to change, to be from Fr. butte, an or void exchange, and in a secondary sense, to divide, to may open place. share. De divided the bytte rofvet, They spoils ; Wideg. To BUTT, v. a. To drive at a stone or stones Teut. buet-en, buyt-en, in like manner signifies, permu- if near the mark, in ; so as, tare, commutare ; and also, praedari, praedam facere; lying curling denotes both and Kilian. Su.-G., Isl., buyte, exchange possible, to push them out of the way, exuviae. Su.-G. spoil ; Teut, buet, buyt, spolium, to Galloway ; ride, synon. Ang. bytning, has the same signification. Halfva bytning of alt thet sortem Ralph, vexed at the fruitless play, rof, Dimidiam omnis praedae ; Hist. The cockee butted fast. Alex. Magn. ap. Ihre. In S. this would be Half buteing Davidson's Seasons, p. 167. of all that reif. From the action of an animal with the horn. Buteing is used in our Sea Laws in such connexion pushing with bute, as to indicate that it was anciently viewed, To v. a. To to a low even in the sense of booty, as formed from the . BUTTER, flatter, coax, "That the masteris havand care and of S. from the idea of bread charge ship- word, ; rendering pis, bring the persounis, shippis, merchandice, vessellis, more palatable by it with butter. and utheris gudis quhilk thay sail tak in thair voyage, besmearing to the partis frae quhilk thay lousit, under the pane to BUTTERIN', s. Flattery, S. tyne the haill richt that thay sail haue to the said prize, and buteimj of gudis, and ane amerciameut and BUTTER and BEAR-CAFF. Its a butter and unlaw at the will." 638. V. Judge's Balfour, p. a to EDITING. bear-caff, phrase very commonly used denote what is considered as gross flattery, BUTELANG, s. The length or distance S. B. between one used in and butt, archery, Shall we suppose that this odd phrase has any another. reference to the use of Butter as a v. signifying to flat- " ter 1 Or has it been originally meant to intimate, that As his maiestie wes within tua pair of butelangia it would be as difficult to credit to the to the towne of Perth, the erle of Gowrie, accumpanyit give compliment as to swallow so rough a morsel as the chaff or with diuerss persones all on fute, met his hieness in paid, awns of barley, in butter as their the Inche and salutit him." Acts Ja. VI. 1600, Ed. although steeped sauce ? It seems to have been formed somewhat like 1814, p. 203. that S. Prov. "They 'gree like butter and mells," i.e. mauls or mallets ; "spoken when people do not agree." BUTTER, s. Bittern. V. BOYTOUR. BUTER, V. Kelly, p. 323. " s. Boots. Ane of butis." BUTIS, pi. pair BUTTER-BOAT, s. V. BOAT. Aberd. Keg. A. 1548. V. 20. BUTTER-BRUGHTINS, s. pi. V. BRUGH- BUTOUR, s. Perhaps, bittern, V. BUTER. TINS.

"Ane butour fute with gold and round perllis." In- s. Small of ventories, A. 1578, p. 239. Can this denote thefoot of BUTTER-CLOCKS, pi. pieces a bittern? Teut. butoor, FT. butor. butter on the top of milk, Roxb.; denominat- ed perhaps from their resemblance in size to s. 1. of which in BUTT, A piece ground, small beetles. ploughing does not form a proper ridge, but BUTTLE, BATTLE, s. A sheaf, is excluded as an angle, S. Ayrs. Aft I gaed out to the plain, " other or butt of land the And that rigg of samen An' hint a' the shearers, wi' Peggie lyand in the ffield called the Gallowbank at the taill or I bindit the buttles o' grain. south end thereof." Acts Cha. II. Ed. 1814, viii. 295. Picken's Poems, i. 193. BUT [347] CAB

Originally the same with E. bottle, as denoting a BWNIST. bundle of hay or straw. This must be viewed as allied I wald the wist to Teut. fascis. gudman that we war heir ! buKsel, wait Quha perchance the better we may fayr ? For sickerlie my hart will ewir be sair BUTTOCK MAIL, s. A ludicrous designa- Gif you scheip's head with Symon bwnist be, tion given to the fine exacted by an ecclesi- And thair so gud meit in yon almorie. Dunbar, Afaitland Poems, 75. astical court, as a commutation for public p. This is given in Gl. as not understood. But it seems satisfaction, in cases of S. fornication, &c., to be merely a superlative formed from boon, contr. "What d'ye think the lads wi' the kilts will care from abone, abowyn, above, corresponding to modern for yere synods and yere presbyteries, and yere buttock- boonmost, uppermost, q. v., Belg. bovenstf, id., from mail, and yere stool o' repentance?" Waverley, ii. 122. boven, above.

Thus : V. MAIL, ., as denoting tribute, 4c. the meaning is "I shall be sorry if this be the uppermost food in Simon's stomach, if he have adv. Towards the outer of after BUTWARDS, part nothing it, when there is better in the ambry." a room, S. B. BYAUCH (gutt. monos.), s. Applied to any To this auld Colin glegly 'gan to hark, Wha with his Jean sat buiwards in the mark. living creature, rational or irrational; as, "a Ross's Helenore, p. 126. peerie byauch ;" a small child, a puny calf, &c. Orkn., Caithn. BWIGHT, . A booth; Aberd. Keg. A. This 1538. differs only in pronunciation, and greater lati- tude of application, from Batch, JBakhie, a child, q. v.

C.

s. walk CA, CAW, A for cattle, a particular To CA', CAW, v. v. To call. V. under CALL. district, S. B. To CAW v. a. To contradict. A of Kettrin AGAIN, crowd did their forest fill : On ilka side took it in wi' This be viewed as a sort of they care ; may perhaps secondary sense of And in the ca, nor cow nor ewe did spare. the v. Ayain-call, to revoke. Ross's Helenore, p. 22. CA', used as an abbreviation for S. O. From caw, to drive, because cattle are driven through calf, the extent of the district thus denominated. V. CALL. Than Clootie, shaped like a burd, Flew down as big s a towmont ca', s. or defile And clinket wheel CA, A pass, between hills, Sutherl. Eppie's awa'. " A. Wilson's Poems, 1816, 188. By the heights of Lead-na-bea-kach, until you p. arrive at the Ca the (i.e. slap or pass) of that hill." To CA', v. n. To calve, S. O. GL Picken. P. Assint, Sutherl. Statist. Ace., xvi. 168. " It seems uncertain whether this be or formed s. A foolish Gael., CA', soft, person ; as, Ye silly from the circumstance of this the being passage, by ca'," Eoxb. which they used to caw or drive their cattle. Shaw the same with E. used in mentions cead as signifying a pass. Probably calf, the same sense elsewhere. Teut. kalf, vitulus; also, homoobesus. To CA', v. a. To drive, &c. V. under CALL. To v. a. CAB, To Loth. ; To CA'-THROW, v. a. To business pilfer, perhaps go through the originally same with Cap, q. v. actively. s. A disturbance. CABARR, . A lighter. CA'-THRO', great V. " sent down six CALL, v. They barks or cabarrs full of ammu- "&c. ii. nition, Spald., 57. The same with Oabert, q. v. CA, CAW, s. Quick and oppressive respira- CABBACK, s. A cheese. V. KEBBUCK. tion " ; as, He has a great caw at his breast," S. CABBIE, s. A sort of box, made of laths ' ' which close to a horse's narrow That there was a severe heaving at his breast, and claps side, a and strong caic, he cried to keep open the windows at the top, so as to prevent the in it to grain give him breath." Ogilvy and Nairn's Trial, 83. p. from being spilled. One is used on each CA' o' the the side of water, motion of the waves as .the horse in place of a pannier, S. driven the wind other by ; as, The ca' o' the water "The implements of husbandry are harrows, is the the crooked and west, waves drive toward the west, S. straight delving spades, English spades, some creels." V. v. mattocks, cabbies, crook-saddles, CALL, P. Assint, Sutherl. Statist. Ace. xvi. 187.