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PROGRAM COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT IN THE VILLAGE ALOR OF DISTRICT ALOR-WEST DISTRICT ALOR , POST- DETERMINATION OF AREA GARDEN SEA STRAIT AS TOURISM DIVING MOST POPULAR IN AT NIGHT GIFT OF CHARM OF INDONESIA YEAR 2017

Alvonso Fanisius Gorang Study Program Management Faculty of Economics, University of, Tribuana Jl. Sukarno, Batunirwala Kalabahi, East-Indonesia Nusa Tenggara Alor

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted in response to the determination of Pantar Strait marine park area as a tourist attraction Indonesia’s most popular dive at night boon charm Indonesia organized by the Ministry of Tourism of the Republic of Indonesia which therefore needs to be supported with the preparation of the people residing around the marine park areas are to welcome the flow of tourist arrivals increasing from time to time research conducted in the village alor this magnitude is a qualitative descriptive study by him found still lack the readiness of the community in welcoming the flow of tourist arrivals which is indicated by limited access to the public to benefit from the flow of tourists. This study has also recommended a number of programs and activities that are likely when it is done it will be useful for opening the opportunity for people to be able to obtain economic benefits from the flow of tourist visits after the establishment of marine park areas strait Pantar as a tourist attraction dive popular in Indonesia

Keywords: community empowerment program Alor Besar village located in the coastal marine park Pantar strait

INTRODUCTION Destinationsnature, and culture long enough Alor From various vigorous campaign conducted in district closed from public knowledge due to a lack recent years, now Alor well known on the national of promotion and support within the framework of scene and even the world until Marine Park Alor tourism. Only in the last few years to spread the spirit Island designated as Object Indonesia’s most popular of market Alor district into a tourism area through dive tourism in the grace of the charm of Indonesia the media: travel books, travel guidebooks, travel journals, in 2017 organized by the Ministry of Tourism of the feature media (magazines, tabloids, newspapers) even Republic of Indonesia internet media(blogs and portals), facebook twitter, Marine Park is geographically located Instagram and so forth by the activists/lover of in Pantar Strait surrounded by a number of islands, tourism in addition to the expo Alor held the last few such as , Kepa Island, the island of Ternate years by local government Alor and Buaya Island. The beauty of the underwater park

Program Community Development in The Village Alor of District Alor-West District Alor East Nusa Tenggara .... 107 Alor also touted as the most beautiful marine park in The problems identified in the area around the the world after the Caribbean. This recognition comes marine park strait Pantar Alor district include: from a number of foreign and domestic tourists are 1. Low benefits communities around the Park sea diving in Alor. strait Pantar of tourists visit Among the islands, there is a favorite diving spot 2. The low sensitivity of the community towards the for tourists. The average spot diving in Pantar Strait tourism potential that is around has become the most favorite spots and most popular 3. is still a lack of public knowledge around the in the world. Almost every day, the underwater park Park sea Pantar strait of opportunities that can Pantar Strait of domestic and foreign tourists visited. be managed as a revenue source Alor underwater world has at least 50 diving spots 4. lodging and entertainment business is dominated spread across a number of islands including Pantar by businessmen/investors outside even foreign Island. The water is clear and diversity of marine life investors are starting to master lands around the provides a new alternative for tourists besides Raja tourist area Pantar strait marine park. Ampat, Komodo Island and other tourist destinations 5. The absence of program/policy of the use of in Indonesia. budgetary funds allocated for the development For professional divers, Alor marine park of village community-based tourism enterprises has unique characteristics and beauty, because the 6. And tourist Sadar Sapta charm has not been combination of the cold Australian waters and the manifested in attitudes and behavior of the warm waters of Indonesia, so that this region is rich people living in the Park Pantar Strait sea. in marine life with beautiful coral reefs. Some divers revealed that the underwater Observing the condition/reality of the existing park Alor there are many cliffs and ravines are development, this research is done for if only neatly arranged. In certain months from October to generate ideas and programs that can contribute to November, ocean currents here are very friendly for the preparation of the community in the surrounding divers. area to establish the Village Alor large as the pilot Of the various potential beauty of the existing area development to be able to find and access a marine parks. Alor district now has been visited by variety of opportunities that allow for community to tourists both foreign and domestic. Flight schedule be developed in order to improve living standards and originally using aircraft Casa has evolved to use ATR welfare. and that was only once a day has now been increased Furthermore, the problem in this research is as to 4 Flaigth within days by the airline Trans Nusa and follows: Wings Air. 1. How do people around the marine park Pantar From these developments are good if society heir Strait facilitate or empowered to receive who has preserved the natural beauty and culture for significant benefits from the development of generations to benefit from the potential that exists in tourist visits to the marine park area Pantar Strait them. But the facts show that the beneficiaries of the post-establishment as the most popular marine increasing number of tourist visits by the public but it park areas in Indonesia? is not the financiers, businessmen and foreign investors 2. How to build sensitivity and awareness for the and society even more or less than a spectator who did tourism sector, Liding sector for improving not benefit directly from tourist visits increased from standards of living around the park lau Pantar time to time. Strait? People living in the area around the area of the 3. How to build an entrepreneurial spirit for the strait Pantar should ideally be able to obtain significant community is able to capture various business benefits, but about how mengetahui and take advantage opportunities of tourism that allows it to be of existing opportunities, the community does not have managed in the surrounding area Pantar Strait ample references even limited access to opportunities Marine Park? for the development of community-based tourism 4. How are people helped to not only be a spectator that is expected to provides significant benefits for the but also a specialty business entrepreneur? improvement of living standards and economic growth 5. How to shape the mindset of government officers in the region surrounding the strait of Pantar. in the villages around the area to be able to

108 1st International Proceeding: Building Synergy on Diversity in The Borders “Embodying The Global Maritime Axis” organize programs of community-based tourism businesses in the surrounding area Pantar Strait Furthermore, this research was conducted by the Marine Park? steps comprising: 6. How to form communities around the Pantar 1. Perform the initial observation to identify the Strait Marine Park area are aware of travel and villages whose territory is located around the running Sapta charm? marine park areas strait Pantar, 2. identify existing problems 3. develop interview guidelines METHODS 4. Conducting observations in the sample villages This study aimed to know and understand the 5. Conducting interviews community empowerment strategies in several villages 6. Conducting documentation in the surrounding area of the marine park strait Pantar 7. ConductingFGD and to understand the steps and how the effectiveness 8. Analyzing the data and benefits of community development after the 9. Make conclusions and suggestions. establishment of marine park areas strait Pantar as a tourist attraction of the best diving in Indonesia and RESULTS AND DISCUSSION as a pilot program selected villages to be the object of this study is that her great Alor village there are leisure Directly adjacent to its South Sea Park Alor Pantar location known as Alor Sebanjar coast of Indonesia. large village which has the sebanjar beach with white Therefore, this study used a qualitative approach. As sand along the 1 Km which has become one of the quoted by Meleong (2001) that a qualitative approach attractions in Alor District. The beach directly facing is a research procedure that produces the data the Pantar Strait which is the location of the best description of the form of words written or spoken of marine park in Indonesia has built six (6) units of people and behaviors that can be observed. homestay and other facilities owned by the government The use of qualitative research approach is based but not yet optimized Alor District utilization. In on the reason that is flexible or flexible, serving directly addition, it has also built the port of Jet Sky but the the nature of the relationship between the researcher process has not been completed. Location within less and the object of study, as well as giving the possibility than 20 Kilo Meters from the city center of the Capital for changes when there is a fact that more basic, City Kalabahi Alor district. attractive and unique meaning in the field. In addition, Alor large village inhabited by people who have through a qualitative approach, these researchers hope the skill to weave especially for women although aware to describe and analyze the strategy of community that women are still able to weave just older women empowerment through community empowerment and only a few young women who have these skills. programs in Alor Besar Village located around Pantar While the majority of men who worked as Farmers Strait marine park. and Fishermen themselves are not professional to This type of research is descriptive as revealed by his work so that the results obtained from farming Mardalis (2002), descriptive research is research that and fishing no significant impact on the household aims to illustrate, describe, analyze and interpret the economy. Earned income is preferred for consumption record this condition occurs or there. and daily living support so reserve a considerable cost Data obtained derived from observation, to meet the needs of a limited economy and into its informant interviews, field notes, notes or memos and own difficulties when want to send their children to other official documents. pursue higher education. To obtain objective data in this study, researchers Alor large village situated on the coast below the used data collection methods are qualitative measures mountainsidemenyebabvillage rights categorized as a consist of activities of observation, interviews, natural state of the coastal villages very arid dry season documentary studies and focus groupdiscussion. while making it difficult for citizens Alor Besar village The data used in this study consisted of for activities during the dry season. primary data and secondary data obtained directly Desa Alor Besar divided into two hamlets namely by researchers from informants and other sources hamlet I Alor Besar with two (2) RW, 4 (four) RT relevant. and hamlets II Sebanjar with two (2) RW, 5 (five) RT

Program Community Development in The Village Alor of District Alor-West District Alor East Nusa Tenggara .... 109 located on the coast and in the lower slopes of the To ensure the implementation of the forms of the mountains, approach developed above, the following is specified Alor Besar Village is one part of the District targets activities that need to be implemented in Alor of Alor Northwestern with an area of 23,720 m2, large village with indicators of achievement. with its limits are as follows: a) the East with Hulnani village; b) west borders the Strait of Ternate and Pantar No Activity Target Indicators of Strait; c) Northside adjacent to the Village Oa Mate; 1. Importance formed BUMDES existence of the d) Southside adjacent to the Village Small Alor and business group travel/ group management in Village Lefo Kisu. Tourism BUMDES As the large Alor village with a container community clear work program Alor rural communities are not yet a specification gathering place to business engaged in tourism because people still develop business tourism consider business travel as foreign goods which are `2 Need for dissemination 90% of the people not in accordance with their existing needs. That is on and transfer of knowledge who are members to people who are of the membership them are groups of fishermen and farmers. members of membership BUMDES tourism has Furthermore, from the results of this study, to BUMDES tourism to be the knowledge related answer permasalahan is happening around the area able to run a tourism to the tourism business business and no attempt group or of the strait Pantar which in this case in the village of individual associated with Alor among others: tourism 1. It is necessary for the establishment of groups 3 Necessity pushed to their of society such as business of tourism businesses similar village-owned sensitivity and awareness services, There is a boat enterprises (BUMDES) that are likely to be of the village of Alor tour; Dive Master who great living in the coastal came from the local facilitated and accompanied by a container if it region Pantar strait tourist community alor large can be beneficial to the community’s readiness to submarine that terwadah village; handicrafts and welcome the flow of tourist visits. in BUMDES or outside tourism foods are sold it in order to access by the local community; 2. The results showed that the public needs to be better opportunities for facility-beach umbrellas educated to foster sensitivity and awareness by improvement of living and benches bedside giving an overview of the economic benefits that standards community property leased; the dive and can be obtained from the management of all the snorkeling equipment are potential in them as a door to access the Pantar provided, and so forth. Strait marine park. 4 The need for training presence of 3. Community and Board BUMDES Tourism in entrepreneurship to entrepreneurial new build morale berwira businesses engaged in the invited to have an interest in entrepreneurship business-based tourism tourism business origin to further educated and trained to have the spirit for members BUMDES of coastal communities and kemampuan berwira business community pesisisir in the around the marine park 4. needs a government policy areas/villages to village of Alor Besar and areas strait Pantar either the surrounding individually or in groups be programmed construction homestay in the 5 Importance business built There Homestay which locations of the village with the potential to be inn is managed by the was built and maintained developed as a tourist village either through the individual and society by a community- village fund, the budget or the central budget BUMDES Alor Besar from owned inn BUMDES the village located in the and Alor Besar village allocation which will be managed by people who area around the coastal representative for rent are members of Tourism BUMDES. marine park strait Pantar 5. Village officials and community leaders need 6 Need for implementation formation of to build understanding through FGDs to build FGD- FGD to build a VillageTourism Village common vision for the Alor large as can be a common vision for the development of rural development of Alor Besar supported by the budget tourism to become a reference for the government Village area as theTourism of the village fund to next village in the determination of rural tourism Village complement the needs development program that can be supported from of the supporting infrastructure of the the budget of the village. Village fund budget, 6. Society needs to be educated to be conscious the budget and support society is able to travel and carry out Sapta charm Pendanaan center in everyday life.

110 1st International Proceeding: Building Synergy on Diversity in The Borders “Embodying The Global Maritime Axis” No Activity Target Indicators of No Name of Activity/Program 7 The Importance of tourism Their awareness of society f. Preparation of tourist awareness campaigns and to uphold Sapta charm of facilities in the form of Sapta charm for Alor Besar tourism by not behaving a bench and a beach Village community and contrary to Sapta Pesona umbrella surrounding areas. g. The accessories to manipulate the fishing Furthermore, the programs need to be developed boat into a boat tourism during the day to promote the creation of community readiness to be and switch functions able to support the development of the area around on the evening as the the marine park strait pants include: fishing boats 6 Mapping sons and a. Placement penanada at plebeian each spot of diving No Name of Activity/Program b. Making maps and 1 Preparation of a. introduction of street signs implementation b. Socialization program c. Structuring parking lot 2 Entrepreneurship Training a. Coordination 7 Provision place of a. socialization preparation b. Facilitate preparation b. entrepreneurship training c. preparation of Proposals proposed 3 Formation BUMDES a. Coordination the construction of preparation of a homestay over to b. Socialization and FGD the ministry of Public c. Establishment of Works-PERA institutional d. development d. preparation of Homestay from the documents and source Village Fund permits funding 3 Formation of Village a. Coordination 8 d. Promotion and a. Packagingtravel Tourism preparation for Marketing packages b. FGD To perception b. Tourism Promotion c. Declaration on Tourism 9 e. and closing given c. Coordinating Village implementation Preparatory 4 Establishment insight a. Coordination of d. Implementationphoto into the tourism and preparation contest/Selfish underwater, festivals facilitating the provision b. Socialization of equipment ikat and cultural correctional tourism performances and sapta charm c. Facilitate provision of snorkeling and diving from the village fund CONCLUSION 5 Diversificationtourism a. Coordinating In this section can be disampaikan be arepa conclusions business preparation obtained from this study that, among others, can be b. Socialization explained that the Park area is the sea strait Pantar is a opportunities are I s tourism which makes it strategic area to be developed in order to accelerate the possible to develop economic development of communities surrounding a. training loom for them but the fact that the case today of the potential younger age groups and maintained by the community has not good c. Training manufacture economic impact for the surrounding community due of souvenir to limited knowledge and understanding of tourism d. Training food making tourism from local and tourism-based business development. materials Observing the reality that there is then the results e. Training snorkeling and of this study recommended a number of programs diving and activities that are likely to be implemented in

Program Community Development in The Village Alor of District Alor-West District Alor East Nusa Tenggara .... 111 the village of Alor Besar include Entrepreneurship Pratikto, AW 2005. Selling Coastal and small islands.Department Training, Formation BUMDES, the launching of the of Marine and Fisheries. Jakarta village of Alor Besar as a tourist village, Formation Pratikto, AW2009. Marine Ecotourism In Economic Perspective. Trust Magazine No.09 & 10 Year VII December insight tourism and facilitating the provision of 29th, 2008 - January 11th,2009. equipment, diversification tourism, sons Mapping and Rahman, S. 2006. Study of Madura Area Development (Regional plebeian and Provision of venue belonging to citizens marketing approach).Thesis. ITS. Surabaya. both individually and collectively. Rangkuti, F. 2008. Dissecting SWOT Analysis Technique Business Case: Reorientation of Rinse, U, and Abdi. 2008. The methodology of Social and Economic REFERENCES Research, Theory and applications.Publisher Alfabeta. Bandung ______, 2017, the limited cabinet meeting on the Salusu, J. 2003. Strategic Decision Making for Public and Nonprofit development of the province. OrganizationsOrganization.PT. Means Indonesia Widia Anonymous.Development Plan Alor Besar Village2015.District. Gramedia. Jakarta. Alor Northwestern. Regency Alor: NTT Strategic Planning Concepts For Facing the 21stCentury.PT. Government Regulation No. 26, 2008. About the National Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Jakarta. SpatialPlan.The ministry of law and human rights RI. Sulastri, E. 2006. Implementation of the Strategic Place Triangle Jakarta. Model for the Development of Marine Tourism Island http://viva.co.id.com/read/8481/peningkatan_ AreaSapeken.Thesis. ITS. Surabaya. sumberdayamanusia_pariwisata # .VS9ip_CEnIU. Supranto, J. 2004. Multivariate Analysis: Meaning Olivier Serrat.2008.The Sustainable livelihoods approach.Asean andInterpretation.PT. Rineka Reserved. Jakarta. Development Bank

112 1st International Proceeding: Building Synergy on Diversity in The Borders “Embodying The Global Maritime Axis”