DOCSLIB.ORG

Presentation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Presentation GAS SUPPLY TO DOMESTIC MARKET. EXECUTING RUSSIAN REGIONS GASIFICATION PROGRAM IN 2010 Kirill Seleznev Member of the Management Committee – Head of the Gas and Liquid Hydrocarbons Marketing and Processing Department, Gazprom; Director General, Gazprom mezhregiongaz PRESS CONFERENCE ON TRESHOLD OF GAZPROM’S ANNUAL GENERAL SHAREHOLDERS MEETING. JUNE 27, 2011 Gazprom Group’s Gas Sales to Consumer Groups in 2010 In 2010 Gazprom Group delivered 262.1 billion cubic meters of the Group’s gas to Russian consumers (versus 262.6 billion cubic meters in 2009) (without regard to gas supplied within the Group) Power industry – 30% Population – 19% Household sector – 15% Agrochemistry – 7% Metallurgy – 7% Cement industry – 2% Miscellaneous – 20% 2 GAS SUPPLIES TO DOMESTIC MARKET. EXECUTING RUSSIAN REGIONS GASIFICATION PROGRAM IN 2010 Gas Marketing by Gazprom Group in 2010 Gazprom Group’s proceeds from gas marketing in Russia grew by 24% to RUB 614.7 billion (net of VAT and excise duty) versus 2009 RUB billion 614.7 474.3 494.9 356.1 399.5 GAS SUPPLIES TO DOMESTIC MARKET. EXECUTING RUSSIAN REGIONS 3 GASIFICATION PROGRAM IN 2010 Gas Marketing by Gazprom Group in 2010 In 2010 the average gas sales price at the domestic market rose by 24.4% to RUB 2,345.5 per 1,000 cubic meters (net of VAT and excise duty) versus 2009 RUB/1,000рублей/ cubic 1000 meters м3 2,3452345 16531,653 18851,885 11251,125 13011,301 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 GAS SUPPLIES TO DOMESTIC MARKET. EXECUTING RUSSIAN REGIONS 4 GASIFICATION PROGRAM IN 2010 Gazprom mezhregiongaz: Gas Marketing in 2010 In 2010 Gazprom mezhregiongaz sold 301.3 billion cubic meters of gas using Gazprom’s and other resources, thus achieving a 2.2% rise versus 2009 including 25.1 billion cubic meters of gas sold at prices provided for by Russian Government Directive No.333 GAS SUPPLIES TO DOMESTIC MARKET. EXECUTING RUSSIAN REGIONS 5 GASIFICATION PROGRAM IN 2010 Payments by Population in 2009-2010, % Regions with the payment level below Russian average: 1. Republic of Chechnya 49.7 2. Republic of Dagestan 52.2 Level of gas 3. Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria 75.7 payments by 4. Irkutsk Oblast 82.4 5. Astrakhan Oblast 84.1 population equaled 6. Republic of Adygea 88.9 96.1% which is 1.4% 7. Republic of Ingushetia 89.5 up versus 2009 8. Republic of Altai 92.7 9. Republic of Kalmykia 94.9 10. Orel Oblast 95.2 GAS SUPPLIES TO DOMESTIC MARKET. EXECUTING RUSSIAN REGIONS 6 GASIFICATION PROGRAM IN 2010 Growing Debt to Gazprom mezhregiongaz Group for Supplied Gas As of January 1, 2011 the overdue amount payable to Gazprom mezhregiongaz Group totaled RUB 43.6 billion. More than RUB 23.5 billion out of this amount is owed by the population. RUB billion 33.3 43.6 GAS SUPPLIES TO DOMESTIC MARKET. EXECUTING RUSSIAN REGIONS 7 GASIFICATION PROGRAM IN 2010 Russian Regions Gasification Program 2010 RUB 25.6 billion of investments Number of Program participants: 65 regions – installation and construction work 2 regions – elaboration of General Gas Supply and Gasification Schemes GAS SUPPLIES TO DOMESTIC MARKET. EXECUTING RUSSIAN REGIONS 8 GASIFICATION PROGRAM IN 2010 Supplements to Russian Regions Gasification Program 2010 RUB 612 million of additional investments provided to the regions affected by natural fires. 18 facilities constructed and retrofitted in 7 regions: Vladimir Oblast Volgograd Oblast Voronezh Oblast Ivanovo Oblast Lipetsk Oblast Nizhny Novgorod Oblast Ryazan Oblast GAS SUPPLIES TO DOMESTIC MARKET. EXECUTING RUSSIAN REGIONS 9 GASIFICATION PROGRAM IN 2010 Results of Russian Regions Gasification Program 2010 Gazprom entirely fulfilled its obligations in 2010. ―156 gasification facilities stretching for 2,100 kilometers are ready. ―Total investment amount – RUB 25.612 billion. inter-settlement gas pipelines Completed according to schedules: 120 in 44 Russian regions As part of natural fire consequences mitigation: 18 gasification facilities Completed ahead of schedule according to inter-settlement gas pipelines applications by local authorities: 18 GAS SUPPLIES TO DOMESTIC MARKET. EXECUTING RUSSIAN REGIONS 10 GASIFICATION PROGRAM IN 2010 Natural Gas Penetration Уровень газификации природным газом Throughout Russia % 54.2 63.1 As of January 1, 2005 In cities and urban settlements 60.9 As of January 1, 2011 69.8 In rural areas 36.1 46.7 GAS SUPPLIES TO DOMESTIC MARKET. EXECUTING RUSSIAN REGIONS GASIFICATION 11 PROGRAM IN 2010 Meeting Obligations on Consumer Preparation by Regional Authorities in 2010 Consumer preparation for gas supplies completed successfully in 29 regions 8 regions seriously fall behind schedules: Arkhangelsk Oblast Kaliningrad Oblast Pskov Oblast Tver Oblast Tula Oblast Republic of Dagestan Republic of Adygea Republic of North Ossetia – Alania GAS SUPPLIES TO DOMESTIC MARKET. EXECUTING RUSSIAN REGIONS GASIFICATION 12 PROGRAM IN 2010 Russian Regions Gasification Program 2011 RUB 25 billion of investments 66 regions included in Program GAS SUPPLIES TO DOMESTIC MARKET. EXECUTING RUSSIAN REGIONS 13 GASIFICATION PROGRAM IN 2010 Targets of Russian Regions Gasification Program 2011 Program targets in 2011: ― Finalize ongoing construction of 126 facilities included in gas distribution networks with total length of around 1,515 kilometers. ― Carry on construction of 130 gasification facilities with total length of around 1,775 kilometers ongoing since 2010. ― Launch activities on 76 construction facilities stretching for nearly 1,008 kilometers. GAS SUPPLIES TO DOMESTIC MARKET. EXECUTING RUSSIAN REGIONS GASIFICATION 14 PROGRAM IN 2010 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! PRESS CONFERENCE ON TRESHOLD OF GAZPROM’S ANNUAL GENERAL SHAREHOLDERS MEETING. JUNE 27, 2011.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Voter Alignments in a Dominant Party System: the Cleavage Structures of the Russian Federation
    Voter alignments in a dominant party system: The cleavage structures of the Russian Federation. Master’s Thesis Department of Comparative Politics November 2015 Ivanna Petrova Abstract This thesis investigates whether there is a social cleavage structure across the Russian regions and whether this structure is mirrored in the electoral vote shares for Putin and his party United Russia on one hand, versus the Communist Party of the Russian Federation and its leader Gennady Zyuganov on the other. In addition to mapping different economic, demographic and cultural factors affecting regional vote shares, this thesis attempts to determine whether there is a party system based on social cleavages in Russia. In addition, as the Russian context is heavily influenced by the president, this thesis investigates whether the same cleavages can explain the distribution of vote shares during the presidential elections. Unemployment, pensioners, printed newspapers and ethnicity create opposing effects during parliamentary elections, while distance to Moscow, income, pensioners, life expectancy, printed newspapers and ethnicity created opposing effects during the presidential elections. The first finding of this thesis is not only that the Russian party system is rooted in social cleavages, but that it appears to be based on the traditional “left-right” cleavage that characterizes all Western industrialized countries. In addition, despite the fact that Putin pulls voters from all segments of the society, the pattern found for the party system persists during presidential elections. The concluding finding shows that the main political cleavage in today’s Russia is between the left represented by the communists and the right represented by the incumbents.
    [Show full text]
  • COMMISSION DECISION of 21 December 2005 Amending for The
    L 340/70EN Official Journal of the European Union 23.12.2005 COMMISSION DECISION of 21 December 2005 amending for the second time Decision 2005/693/EC concerning certain protection measures in relation to avian influenza in Russia (notified under document number C(2005) 5563) (Text with EEA relevance) (2005/933/EC) THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, cessed parts of feathers from those regions of Russia listed in Annex I to that Decision. Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, (3) Outbreaks of avian influenza continue to occur in certain parts of Russia and it is therefore necessary to prolong the measures provided for in Decision 2005/693/EC. The Decision can however be reviewed before this date depending on information supplied by the competent Having regard to Council Directive 91/496/EEC of 15 July 1991 veterinary authorities of Russia. laying down the principles governing the organisation of veterinary checks on animals entering the Community from third countries and amending Directives 89/662/EEC, 90/425/EEC and 90/675/EEC (1), and in particular Article 18(7) thereof, (4) The outbreaks in the European part of Russia have all occurred in the central area and no outbreaks have occurred in the northern regions. It is therefore no longer necessary to continue the suspension of imports of unprocessed feathers and parts of feathers from the Having regard to Council Directive 97/78/EC of 18 December latter. 1997 laying down the principles governing the organisation of veterinary checks on products entering the Community from third countries (2), and in particular Article 22 (6) thereof, (5) Decision 2005/693/EC should therefore be amended accordingly.
    [Show full text]
  • A Captive Island Kaliningrad Between MOSCOW and the EU
    41 A CAPTIVE ISLAND KAlInIngRAD bETWEEn MOSCOW AnD ThE EU Jadwiga Rogoża, Agata Wierzbowska-Miazga, Iwona Wiśniewska NUMBER 41 WARSAW JULY 2012 A CAPTIVE ISLAND KALININGRAD BETWEEN MOSCOW AND THE EU Jadwiga Rogoża, Agata Wierzbowska-Miazga, Iwona Wiśniewska © Copyright by Ośrodek Studiów Wschodnich im. Marka Karpia / Centre for Eastern Studies CONTENT EDITORS Adam Eberhardt, Marek Menkiszak EDITORS Katarzyna Kazimierska, Anna Łabuszewska TRANSLATION Ilona Duchnowicz CO-OPERATION Jim Todd GRAPHIC DESIGN PARA-BUCH CHARTS, MAP, PHOTOGRAPH ON COVER Wojciech Mańkowski DTP GroupMedia PuBLISHER Ośrodek Studiów Wschodnich im. Marka Karpia Centre for Eastern Studies ul. Koszykowa 6a, Warsaw, Poland Phone + 48 /22/ 525 80 00 Fax: + 48 /22/ 525 80 40 osw.waw.pl ISBN 978–83–62936–13–7 Contents KEY POINTS /5 INTRODUCTION /8 I. KALININGRAD OBLAST: A SUBJECT OR AN OBJECT OF THE F EDERATION? /9 1. THE AMBER ISLAND: Kaliningrad today /9 1.1. Kaliningrad in the legal, political and economic space of the Russian Federation /9 1.2. Current political situation /13 1.3. The current economic situation /17 1.4. The social situation /24 1.5. Characteristics of the Kaliningrad residents /27 1.6. The ecological situation /32 2. AN AREA UNDER SPECIAL SURVEILLANCE: Moscow’s policy towards the region /34 2.1. The policy of compensating for Kaliningrad’s location as an exclave /34 2.2. The policy of reinforcing social ties with the rest of Russia /43 2.3. The policy of restricted access for foreign partners to the region /45 2.4. The policy of controlling the region’s co-operation with other countries /47 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Pedagogical Work of Mikhail M. Bakhtin (1920S – Early 1960S)1
    ISSN: 2325-3290 (online) Pedagogical work of Mikhail M. Bakhtin (1920s – early 1960s)1 Vladimir I. Laptun Galin Tihanov M.I. Evsevyev Mordovia State Queen Mary University of London, Pedagogical Institute, Russia State UK Abstract The purpose of this essay to is to describe and discuss Bakhtin’s pedagogical work based on diverse archival materials and memoirs of his students. Vladimir I. Laptun, PhD., a senior lecturer of the Department of Education, M.I. Evsevyev Mordovia State Pedagogical Institute, Russia. His research interests include: life and pedagogical activity of Mikhail M. Bakhtin, history of pedagogy and education, comparative pedagogy, historical studies of local communities. Galin Tihanov is the George Steiner Professor of Comparative Literature at Queen Mary University of London. His most recent research has been on cosmopolitanism, exile, and transnationalism. His publications include four books and nine (co)edited volumes. Tihanov is winner, with Evgeny Dobrenko, of the Efim Etkind Prize for Best Book on Russian Culture (2012), awarded for their co-edited A History of Russian Literary Theory and Criticism: The Soviet Age and Beyond (University of Pittsburgh Press, 2011). He is member of Academia Europaea and Honorary President of the ICLA Committee on Literary Theory. He is also on the Advisory Board of the Institute for World Literature (Harvard University) and is an honorary scientific advisor to the Institute of Foreign Literatures, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Tihanov has held visiting appointments at Yale University, St. Gallen University, University of Sao Paulo, Peking University, and Seoul National University. The life and legacy of the great Russian philosopher of the 20th century Mikhail Bakhtin (1895- 1975) have been analyzed in numerous studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Second Report Submitted by the Russian Federation Pursuant to The
    ACFC/SR/II(2005)003 SECOND REPORT SUBMITTED BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 25, PARAGRAPH 2 OF THE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES (Received on 26 April 2005) MINISTRY OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION REPORT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROVISIONS OF THE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES Report of the Russian Federation on the progress of the second cycle of monitoring in accordance with Article 25 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities MOSCOW, 2005 2 Table of contents PREAMBLE ..............................................................................................................................4 1. Introduction........................................................................................................................4 2. The legislation of the Russian Federation for the protection of national minorities rights5 3. Major lines of implementation of the law of the Russian Federation and the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities .............................................................15 3.1. National territorial subdivisions...................................................................................15 3.2 Public associations – national cultural autonomies and national public organizations17 3.3 National minorities in the system of federal government............................................18 3.4 Development of Ethnic Communities’ National
    [Show full text]
  • NRA's Research on the Current State of Russian Regions' Public Debt For
    NRA’s Research on the Current State of Russian Regions’ Public Debt for the 8 Months of 2016 NRA’s Research on the Current State of Russian Regions’ Public Debt for the 8 Months of 2016 112 • Since the beginning of the year, the aggregate public debt of the Russian regions has slightly decreased, whereas the debt structure has changed markedly, with commercial loans further replaced with budget loans; • The share of bank loans in the total regional governments’ debt continues to decline quite noticeably; • The Russian regions’ stratification by the quality of debt management practices continues to extend: 39 regions have increased and 40 regions have decreased their public debt; • Around a dozen of regional governments are in the red, experiencing both a fiscal deficit and a high debt burden, and this problem has been getting worse in the past three years. The solution will soon be impossible without radical actions by the federal government; • Regional governments with the highest debt burden and persistent fiscal deficit continue to build up their public debt, mainly at the expense of budget loans; • Regional governments fail to meet the budget loan issuance terms; • The Ministry of Finance’s decision to introduce a public debt management rating and a floating interest rate on loans to regions ismeant to enhance the effectiveness of the budget loan use by regional governments and improve the payment discipline; • If the new version of the Budget Code were put in force now, then 25 out of 85 regional governments would be found unstable in terms of their public debt situation Over the 8 months ended 31th August 2016, the Russian regions’ aggregate public debt decreased by 2.28 percent to RUB 2.267 trillion.
    [Show full text]
  • Demographic, Economic, Geospatial Data for Municipalities of the Central Federal District in Russia (Excluding the City of Moscow and the Moscow Oblast) in 2010-2016
    Population and Economics 3(4): 121–134 DOI 10.3897/popecon.3.e39152 DATA PAPER Demographic, economic, geospatial data for municipalities of the Central Federal District in Russia (excluding the city of Moscow and the Moscow oblast) in 2010-2016 Irina E. Kalabikhina1, Denis N. Mokrensky2, Aleksandr N. Panin3 1 Faculty of Economics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia 2 Independent researcher 3 Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia Received 10 December 2019 ♦ Accepted 28 December 2019 ♦ Published 30 December 2019 Citation: Kalabikhina IE, Mokrensky DN, Panin AN (2019) Demographic, economic, geospatial data for munic- ipalities of the Central Federal District in Russia (excluding the city of Moscow and the Moscow oblast) in 2010- 2016. Population and Economics 3(4): 121–134. https://doi.org/10.3897/popecon.3.e39152 Keywords Data base, demographic, economic, geospatial data JEL Codes: J1, J3, R23, Y10, Y91 I. Brief description The database contains demographic, economic, geospatial data for 452 municipalities of the 16 administrative units of the Central Federal District (excluding the city of Moscow and the Moscow oblast) for 2010–2016 (Appendix, Table 1; Fig. 1). The sources of data are the municipal-level statistics of Rosstat, Google Maps data and calculated indicators. II. Data resources Data package title: Demographic, economic, geospatial data for municipalities of the Cen- tral Federal District in Russia (excluding the city of Moscow and the Moscow oblast) in 2010–2016. Copyright I.E. Kalabikhina, D.N.Mokrensky, A.N.Panin The article is publicly available and in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC-BY 4.0) can be used without limits, distributed and reproduced on any medium, pro- vided that the authors and the source are indicated.
    [Show full text]
  • Russia's Peacetime Demographic Crisis
    the national bureau of asian research nbr project report | may 2010 russia’s peacetime demographic crisis: Dimensions, Causes, Implications By Nicholas Eberstadt ++ The NBR Project Report provides access to current research on special topics conducted by the world’s leading experts in Asian affairs. The views expressed in these reports are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of other NBR research associates or institutions that support NBR. The National Bureau of Asian Research is a nonprofit, nonpartisan research institution dedicated to informing and strengthening policy. NBR conducts advanced independent research on strategic, political, economic, globalization, health, and energy issues affecting U.S. relations with Asia. Drawing upon an extensive network of the world’s leading specialists and leveraging the latest technology, NBR bridges the academic, business, and policy arenas. The institution disseminates its research through briefings, publications, conferences, Congressional testimony, and email forums, and by collaborating with leading institutions worldwide. NBR also provides exceptional internship opportunities to graduate and undergraduate students for the purpose of attracting and training the next generation of Asia specialists. NBR was started in 1989 with a major grant from the Henry M. Jackson Foundation. Funding for NBR’s research and publications comes from foundations, corporations, individuals, the U.S. government, and from NBR itself. NBR does not conduct proprietary or classified research. The organization undertakes contract work for government and private-sector organizations only when NBR can maintain the right to publish findings from such work. To download issues of the NBR publications, please visit the NBR website http://www.nbr.org.
    [Show full text]
  • The State Hermitage Museum Annual Report 2012
    THE STATE HERMITAGE MUSEUM ANNUAL REPORT n 2012 CONTENTS General Editor 4 Year of Village and Garden Mikhail Piotrovsky, General Director of the State Hermitage Museum, 6 State Hermitage Museum. General Information Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16 Awards Full Member of the Russian Academy of Arts, Professor of St. Petersburg State University, 20 Composition of the Hermitage Collection as of 1 January 2013 Doctor of History 40 Exhibitions 86 Restoration and Conservation 121 Publications EDITORIAL BOARD: 135 Electronic Editions and Video Films Mikhail Piotrovsky, 136 Conferences General Director of the State Hermitage Museum 141 Dissertations Georgy Vilinbakhov, 142 Archaeological Expeditions Deputy Director for Research 158 Major Construction and Restoration of the Buildings Svetlana Adaksina, Deputy Director, Chief Curator 170 Structure of Visits to the State Hermitage in 2012 Marina Antipova, 171 Educational Events Deputy Director for Finance and Planning 180 Special Development Programmes Alexey Bogdanov, Deputy Director for Maintenance 188 International Advisory Board of the State Hermitage Museum Vladimir Matveyev, 190 Guests of the Hermitage Deputy Director for Exhibitions and Development 194 Hermitage Friends Organisations Mikhail Novikov, 204 Hermitage Friends’ Club Deputy Director for Construction 206 Financial Statements of the State Hermitage Museum Mariam Dandamayeva, Academic Secretary 208 Principal Patrons and Sponsors of the State Hermitage Museum in 2012 Yelena Zvyagintseva, 210 Staff Members of
    [Show full text]
  • Russian Government Continues to Support Cattle Sector
    THIS REPORT CONTAINS ASSESSMENTS OF COMMODITY AND TRADE ISSUES MADE BY USDA STAFF AND NOT NECESSARILY STATEMENTS OF OFFICIAL U.S. GOVERNMENT POLICY Voluntary - Public Date: 6/17/2013 GAIN Report Number: RS1335 Russian Federation Post: Moscow Russian Government Continues to Support Cattle Sector Report Categories: Livestock and Products Policy and Program Announcements Agricultural Situation Approved By: Holly Higgins Prepared By: FAS/Moscow Staff Report Highlights: Russia’s live animal imports have soared in recent years, as the Federal Government has supported the rebuilding of the beef and cattle sector in Russia. This sector had been in continual decline since the break-up of the Soviet Union, but imports of breeding stock have resulted in a number of modern ranches. The Russian Federal and oblast governments offer a series of support programs meant to stimulate livestock development in the Russian Federation over the next seven years which are funded at hundreds of billions of Russian rubles (almost $10 billion). These programs are expected to lead to a recovery of the cattle industry. Monies have been allocated for both new construction and modernization of old livestock farms, purchase of domestic and imported of high quality breeding dairy and beef cattle, semen and embryos; all of which should have a direct and favorable impact on livestock genetic exports to Russia through 2020. General Information: Trade Russia’s live animal imports have soared in recent years, as the Federal Government has supported the rebuilding of the beef and cattle sector in Russia. This sector has been in decline since the break-up of the Soviet Union, but imports of breeding stock have resulted in a number of modern ranches which are expected to lead to a recovery of the cattle industry.
    [Show full text]
  • Subject of the Russian Federation)
    How to use the Atlas The Atlas has two map sections The Main Section shows the location of Russia’s intact forest landscapes. The Thematic Section shows their tree species composition in two different ways. The legend is placed at the beginning of each set of maps. If you are looking for an area near a town or village Go to the Index on page 153 and find the alphabetical list of settlements by English name. The Cyrillic name is also given along with the map page number and coordinates (latitude and longitude) where it can be found. Capitals of regions and districts (raiony) are listed along with many other settlements, but only in the vicinity of intact forest landscapes. The reader should not expect to see a city like Moscow listed. Villages that are insufficiently known or very small are not listed and appear on the map only as nameless dots. If you are looking for an administrative region Go to the Index on page 185 and find the list of administrative regions. The numbers refer to the map on the inside back cover. Having found the region on this map, the reader will know which index map to use to search further. If you are looking for the big picture Go to the overview map on page 35. This map shows all of Russia’s Intact Forest Landscapes, along with the borders and Roman numerals of the five index maps. If you are looking for a certain part of Russia Find the appropriate index map. These show the borders of the detailed maps for different parts of the country.
    [Show full text]
  • The Euro-Atlantic Integration and the Future of Kaliningrad Oblast
    NATO EURO-ATLANTIC PARTNERSHIP COUNCIL INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH FELLOWSHIPS 2000 - 2002 PROGRAMME THE EURO-ATLANTIC INTEGRATION AND THE FUTURE OF KALININGRAD OBLAST by Česlovas Laurinavičius Vilnius - 2002 1 CONTENT Abstract 3 Aim of the Research 4 Methodology 8 1. Main tendencies of Russia’s foreign policy after the collapse of the Soviet Union 9 2. NATO enlargement and Kaliningrad 11 2.1. Military transit of the Russian Federation through the territory of the Republic of 13 Lithuania: historic and political science profile 2.2. Circumstances of the Soviet military withdrawal from the Republic of Lithuania: 15 Negotiations Process 2.3. 1994-1995 negotiations between Vilnius and Moscow over military transit 18 agreement 2.4. Regulation of the military transit of the Russian Federation through the territory of 27 Lithuania and its practical execution 2.5. Intermediate conclusion 29 3. The impact assessment of the EU enlargement on the Kaliningrad oblast 30 3.1. Relations between Moscow and Kaliningrad 30 3.2. The trends of the social, economical and political development in the Kaliningrad 35 oblast of the Russian Federation 3.3. The EU acquis communautaire, the applicant countries and Kaliningrad: issue 37 areas 3.4. Perspectives of the crisis prevention 45 Conclusions 50 2 ABSTRACT The collapse of the Soviet Union has given impetus to the debate about the future of the Kaliningrad Oblast (KO) of the Russian Federation. The main cause for this is the fact that concrete exclave of the Russian Federation – which is the country’s westernmost outpost – has been left cut off from Russia by Lithuania and Poland and surrounded by countries that are orienting themselves toward the European Union and NATO.
    [Show full text]