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Manual for Language Test Development and Examining
Manual for Language Test Development and Examining For use with the CEFR Produced by ALTE on behalf of the Language Policy Division, Council of Europe © Council of Europe, April 2011 The opinions expressed in this work are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy of the Council of Europe. All correspondence concerning this publication or the reproduction or translation of all or part of the document should be addressed to the Director of Education and Languages of the Council of Europe (Language Policy Division) (F-67075 Strasbourg Cedex or [email protected]). The reproduction of extracts is authorised, except for commercial purposes, on condition that the source is quoted. Manual for Language Test Development and Examining For use with the CEFR Produced by ALTE on behalf of the Language Policy Division, Council of Europe Language Policy Division Council of Europe (Strasbourg) www.coe.int/lang Contents Foreword 5 3.4.2 Piloting, pretesting and trialling 30 Introduction 6 3.4.3 Review of items 31 1 Fundamental considerations 10 3.5 Constructing tests 32 1.1 How to define language proficiency 10 3.6 Key questions 32 1.1.1 Models of language use and competence 10 3.7 Further reading 33 1.1.2 The CEFR model of language use 10 4 Delivering tests 34 1.1.3 Operationalising the model 12 4.1 Aims of delivering tests 34 1.1.4 The Common Reference Levels of the CEFR 12 4.2 The process of delivering tests 34 1.2 Validity 14 4.2.1 Arranging venues 34 1.2.1 What is validity? 14 4.2.2 Registering test takers 35 1.2.2 Validity -
REFERENCE DOCUMENT Containing the Annual Financial Report Fiscal Year 2016 PROFILE
REFERENCE DOCUMENT containing the Annual Financial Report Fiscal Year 2016 PROFILE The Lagardère group is a global leader in content publishing, production, broadcasting and distribution, whose powerful brands leverage its virtual and physical networks to attract and enjoy qualifi ed audiences. The Group’s business model relies on creating a lasting and exclusive relationship between the content it offers and its customers. It is structured around four business divisions: • Books and e-Books: Lagardère Publishing • Travel Essentials, Duty Free & Fashion, and Foodservice: Lagardère Travel Retail • Press, Audiovisual (Radio, Television, Audiovisual Production), Digital and Advertising Sales Brokerage: Lagardère Active • Sponsorship, Content, Consulting, Events, Athletes, Stadiums, Shows, Venues and Artists: Lagardère Sports and Entertainment 1945: at the end of World 1986: Hachette regains 26 March 2003: War II, Marcel Chassagny founds control of Europe 1. Arnaud Lagardère is appointed Matra (Mécanique Aviation Managing Partner of TRAction), a company focused 10 February 1988: Lagardère SCA. on the defence industry. Matra is privatised. 2004: the Group acquires 1963: Jean-Luc Lagardère 30 December 1992: a portion of Vivendi Universal becomes Chief Executive Publishing’s French and following the failure of French Offi cer of Matra, which Spanish assets. television channel La Cinq, has diversifi ed into aerospace Hachette is merged into Matra and automobiles. to form Matra-Hachette, 2007: the Group reorganises and Lagardère Groupe, a French around four major institutional 1974: Sylvain Floirat asks partnership limited by shares, brands: Lagardère Publishing, Jean-Luc Lagardère to head is created as the umbrella Lagardère Services (which the Europe 1 radio network. company for the entire became Lagardère Travel Retail ensemble. -
The 2021 Guide to Manuscript Publishers
Publish Authors Emily Harstone Authors Publish The 2021 Guide to Manuscript Publishers 230 Traditional Publishers No Agent Required Emily Harstone This book is copyright 2021 Authors Publish Magazine. Do not distribute. Corrections, complaints, compliments, criticisms? Contact [email protected] More Books from Emily Harstone The Authors Publish Guide to Manuscript Submission Submit, Publish, Repeat: How to Publish Your Creative Writing in Literary Journals The Authors Publish Guide to Memoir Writing and Publishing The Authors Publish Guide to Children’s and Young Adult Publishing Courses & Workshops from Authors Publish Workshop: Manuscript Publishing for Novelists Workshop: Submit, Publish, Repeat The Novel Writing Workshop With Emily Harstone The Flash Fiction Workshop With Ella Peary Free Lectures from The Writers Workshop at Authors Publish The First Twenty Pages: How to Win Over Agents, Editors, and Readers in 20 Pages Taming the Wild Beast: Making Inspiration Work For You Writing from Dreams: Finding the Flashpoint for Compelling Poems and Stories Table of Contents Table of Contents .......................................................................................................... 5 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 13 Nonfiction Publishers.................................................................................................. 19 Arcade Publishing .................................................................................................. -
Jean-Yves Mollier
French publishing in World War Two: A habitus of submission? Jean-Yves Mollier The present article sets out to explore the situation of French publishing between June 1940 and August 1944. Before addressing the main argument, however, it is important to bear in mind that it is difficult to understand this key sector of French cultural life in the period immediately prior to the Nazi occupation without looking back at its development over the preceding decades and even centuries. Similarly, understanding the deeper meaning underlying the attitude of the leading publishers who occupied the higher echelons of the publishing union means bearing in mind their “centuries-old habitus of submission”1 to authority. Take for example the “voluntary delegation of notables representing Paris's industrial sector” led by the industrialists Emile Menier and Jean- François Cail and the printer Henri Plon to the Elysée Palace on December 19, 1851 to thank Louis- Napoléon Bonaparte for “guaranteeing the defence of order, family, and property” after seizing power in a coup seventeen days earlier.2 Though it is important not to overstate the importance of such an event in the contemporary context, it can be seen as symbolic of a craven attitude to power that remained largely unchanged in the summer of 1940. Napoleon I and his successors set up a system to police the book trade, with inspectors whose task it was to keep a close eye not only on ports and borders, but also printers, bookshops, pedlars, second-hand bookshops, and any other premises or itinerant points of sale where books could be acquired. -
FALL 2008 Columbia University in the City of New York Co
FALL 2008 Columbia University in the City of New York CO 435 West 116th Street, Box A-2 L UM New York, NY 10027 BI A L RETURN SERVICE REQUESTED A W S C HO O L M ag azine www.law.columbia.edu/alumni fall 2008 BREAKING THE CODE NEW FACULTY MEMBER MICHAEL GRAETZ HAS AN INNOVATIVE PLAN FOR REVAMPING AMERICA’s TAX CODE TALKINGTALKING TETELECLECOM: TIM WU CHATS WITH JEFFREY TOOBIN SCOTUS ANALYSIS FROM BLASI, BRIFFAULT, GREENAWALT, HAMBURGER, AND PERSILY Opportunity The Future of Diversity and Opportunity in Higher dean Columbia Law School Magazine David M. Schizer is published three times annually for alumni and friends of associate dean Education: A National Columbia Law School by the for development and Office of Development and alumni relations Alumni Relations. Forum on Innovation and Bruno M. Santonocito Opinions expressed in Columbia Law Collaboration executive director School Magazine do not necessarily of communications reflect the views of Columbia Law and public affairs School or Columbia University. Elizabeth Schmalz This magazine is printed December 3-5, 2008 guest editor on FSC certified paper. Matthew J.X. Malady editorial director James Vescovi assistant editor Mary Johnson Change of address information should be sent to: copy editors Lauren Pavlakovich, Columbia Law School Joy Y. Wang 435 West 116 Street, Box A-2 New York, NY 10027 During the first week in December, design and art direction Attn: Office of Alumni Relations Empire Design Studio Alumni Office university presidents, provosts, and photography 212-854-2680 Peter Freed, Robyn Twomey, Magazine Notices Eric van den Brulle, Jon Roemer 212-854-2650 academic innovators will gather for David Yellen [email protected] an historic conference focused on new printing Copyright 2008, Columbia Maar Printing Service, Inc. -
Course Catalogue 2016 /2017
Course Catalogue 2016 /2017 1 Contents Art, Architecture, Music & Cinema page 3 Arabic 19 Business & Economics 19 Chinese 32 Communication, Culture, Media Studies 33 (including Journalism) Computer Science 53 Education 56 English 57 French 71 Geography 79 German 85 History 89 Italian 101 Latin 102 Law 103 Mathematics & Finance 104 Political Science 107 Psychology 120 Russian 126 Sociology & Anthropology 126 Spanish 128 Tourism 138 2 the diversity of its main players. It will thus establish Art, Architecture, the historical context of this production and to identify the protagonists, before defining the movements that Music & Cinema appear in their pulse. If the development of the course is structured around a chronological continuity, their links and how these trends overlap in reality into each IMPORTANT: ALL OUR ART COURSES ARE other will be raised and studied. TAUGHT IN FRENCH UNLESS OTHERWISE INDICATED COURSE CONTENT : Course Outline: AS1/1b : HISTORY OF CLASSIC CINEMA introduction Fall Semester • Impressionism • Project Genesis Lectures: 2 hours ECTS credits: 3 • "Impressionist" • The Post-Impressionism OBJECTIVE: • The néoimpressionnism To discover the great movements in the history of • The synthetism American and European cinema from 1895 to 1942. • The symbolism • Gauguin and the Nabis PontAven COURSE PROGRAM: • Modern and avantgarde The three cinematic eras: • Fauvism and Expressionism Original: • Cubism - The Lumière brothers : realistic art • Futurism - Mélies : the beginnings of illusion • Abstraction Avant-garde : - Expressionism -
MEDIA POLARIZATION “À LA FRANÇAISE”? Comparing the French and American Ecosystems
institut montaigne MEDIA POLARIZATION “À LA FRANÇAISE”? Comparing the French and American Ecosystems REPORT MAY 2019 MEDIA POLARIZATION “À LA FRANÇAISE” MEDIA POLARIZATION There is no desire more natural than the desire for knowledge MEDIA POLARIZATION “À LA FRANÇAISE”? Comparing the French and American Ecosystems MAY 2019 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In France, representative democracy is experiencing a growing mistrust that also affects the media. The latter are facing major simultaneous challenges: • a disruption of their business model in the digital age; • a dependence on social networks and search engines to gain visibility; • increased competition due to the convergence of content on digital media (competition between text, video and audio on the Internet); • increased competition due to the emergence of actors exercising their influence independently from the media (politicians, bloggers, comedians, etc.). In the United States, these developments have contributed to the polarization of the public square, characterized by the radicalization of the conservative press, with significant impact on electoral processes. Institut Montaigne investigated whether a similar phenomenon was at work in France. To this end, it led an in-depth study in partnership with the Sciences Po Médialab, the Sciences Po School of Journalism as well as the MIT Center for Civic Media. It also benefited from data collected and analyzed by the Pew Research Center*, in their report “News Media Attitudes in France”. Going beyond “fake news” 1 The changes affecting the media space are often reduced to the study of their most visible symp- toms. For instance, the concept of “fake news”, which has been amply commented on, falls short of encompassing the complexity of the transformations at work. -
AP French Language and Culture: Syllabus Course Objectives
AP French Language and Culture: Syllabus Course Objectives: This course is the equivalent of a third-year college course in advanced French grammar, composition, conversation and civilization where only French is spoken and heard every day. The emphasis is on reinforcement of the students’ ability to communicate and express ideas, feelings and opinions, both orally and in writing, using the three modes of communication: interpersonal, interpretive and presentational. By incorporating a thematic approach, students will develop an awareness and appreciation of aspects of the target culture, including products, practices and perspectives. Each unit is designed to address the six themes around which the AP French Language and Culture course is structured: Global Challenges, Science and Technology, Contemporary Life, Personal and Public Identities, Families and Communities, and Beauty and Aesthetics. They will achieve proficiency in reading and interpreting by analyzing selected works of literary and cultural significance. The study of selected aspects of the arts will encourage students to demonstrate comprehension of cultural perspectives and make comparisons between cultures and languages. By training in the organization and writing of compositions and a complete review of grammar, an intensive vocabulary building program and a thorough program of practice specifically for the AP exam, the students will have ample performance opportunities to succeed on the AP Exam. Students are evaluated based on assignments which are graded according to the AP guidelines. The target language is used exclusively to develop these skills, including all student discourse with the instructor and with each other. Primary Texts: Grammar practice: to perfect your ability to communicate clearly and coherently in French, with correct grammar and demonstrating mastery of all the necessary verb conjugations Interaction: Langue et Culture, 8th ed. -
Publishing in the Nineteenth Century
1 Publishing in the Nineteenth Century Originally published as “Editer au XIXe siècle”, Revue d’histoire littéraire de la France, vol. 107, no. 4, 2007, pp. 771–90. Introduction When Roger Chartier and Henri-Jean Martin were preparing the introduction to the first volume of their monumental Histoire de l’Édition francaise (History of French publishing), which they entitled Le livre conquérant. Du Moyen Age au milieu du XVIIe siècle (The Conquering Book. From the Middle Ages to the mid-seventeenth century), they encountered a problem – one might even call it an aporia. They explained their twin debt both to Lucien Febvre, the initiator of research into the history of the book,1 and to Jean-Pierre Vivet, a journalist turned director of Promodis Publishing, who had expressed his desire to “see [the publisher] placed at the center of these four volumes,” which he had entrusted to them.2 This outspoken directive implied that the figure of the publisher long predated the invention of printing, and that he had been performing the role of broker or mediator without interruption from the thirteenth up to the twentieth century, as is the case today. The two editors were very well aware that sustaining such a notion could prove risky, and so they added this further comment, which partly contradicted what had gone before: The story we would like to tell is one in which the role of the publisher was gradually asserted and became more clearly defined; he was bold in the age of the conquering 1 Lucien Febvre and Henri-Jean Martin, L’apparition du livre (Paris: Albin Michel, 1958), translated into English as The Coming of the Book: The Impact of Printing, 1450-1800 (London: Verso, 1976). -
Offres Titres Presse Papier.Pdf
OFFRE MÉDIAS DE TITRES DE PRESSE PAPIER OFFRE MÉDIAS DE TITRES DE PRESSE PAPIER Quotidiens nationaux d'information générale Hebdomadaires d'information nationaux Presse économique AUJOURD'HUI EN FRANCE 1 (LE) ALTERNATIVE ÉCONOMIQUES CROIX (LA) CHALLENGES CAPITAL DIRECT MATIN COURRIER INTERNATIONAL ÉCHOS (LES) FIGARO (LE) EXPRESS (L') MANAGEMENT HUMANITÉ (L') FIGARO MAGAZINE (LE) QUE CHOISIR JOURNAL DU DIMANCHE (LE) INROCKUPTIBLES (LES) REVENU (LE) LIBÉRATION LE POINT MONDE (LE) MARIANNE 20 MINUTES OBS (L') PARIS MATCH POLITIS TRIBUNE (LA) VALEURS ACTUELLES OFFRE MÉDIAS DE TITRES DE PRESSE PAPIER Presse jeunesse 1 JOUR 1 ACTU HISTOIRE JUNIOR MON QUOTIDIEN SALAMANDRE JUNIOR ACTU (L') IMAGES DOC OISEAU MAG JUNIOR (L') SCIENCE ET VIE ET DÉCOUVERTES ARKÉO JUNIOR J’APPRENDS L'ANGLAIS OKAPI SCIENCE ET VIE JUNIOR BAÏKA JDE (Le Journal des Enfants) OLALAR SO FOOT CLUB BTj JMAGAZINE PATATRAS MAG TENNIS MAGAZINE CLAP'SANTÉ JOURNAL DE MICKEY (LE) PETIT LÉONARD (LE) JUNIOR DISNEY GIRL JOURNAL DE SPIROU PETIT QUOTIDIEN (LE) TOPO DOSSIERS DE L'ACTUALITÉ (LES) KEZAKO MUNDI PETITE SALAMANDRE (LA) TOUT COMPRENDRE ÉCO (L') KOPKIDS (LES) / Le Petit mag) PHOSPHORE VIRGULE ENGLISH NOW LE MONDE DES ADOS PIROUETTE YOUPI ÉTUDIANT (L') LE PTIT LIBÉ POMME D'API GO ENGLISH KIDS MAGNIFICAT JUNIOR P'TITES SORCIÈRES (LES) GROOM MICKEY JUNIOR QUELLE HISTOIRE OFFRE MÉDIAS DE TITRES DE PRESSE PAPIER Arts Culture Lettres Sciences AUTOPORTRAIT D'UN REPORTER GÉO SCIENCES ET VIE BOOKS GÉO HISTOIRE SCIENCES HUMAINES ÇA M'INTÉRESSE GO ENGLISH SOCIETY ÇA M'INTÉRESSE HISTOIRE -
A Fascinating Literary Puzzle Very Special Souvenirs!
http://enter.lagardere.net www.lagardere.com INNOVATION IS CORE TO OUR BRANDS AND BUSINESSES A fascinating literary puzzle 02 Calmann-Lévy publishes Guillaume Musso’s new novel Very special souvenirs! 03 Lagardère Travel Retail France reappointed to run Eiffel Tower offi cial stores May 2019 #150 PUBLISHING More Stories from Gaul Asterix celebrates his 60th birthday this year, and to mark the occasion, Éditions Albert René are reissuing the very fi rst Asterix book – Astérix le Gaulois – in both luxury and Artbook editions. This anniversary year will culminate in the publication, on October 24, of the 38th book in the Asterix series, with a projected print run of more than 5 mil- © Emanuele Scorcelletti lion copies: La Fille de Vercingétorix. Calmann-Lévy publishes Guillaume Musso’s new novel Late February brought the debut of a new Instagram account, #lArtdAsterix, that offers an inside look at “the art of Asterix”. www.asterix.com A fascinating literary puzzle Guillaume Musso at Hachette Livre island, determined to discover his lated into 34 languages. In July it TRAVEL RETAIL is hitting the headlines twice with secret. That same day, a woman’s will be released as The Reunion the release of La Vie secrète des body is found on a beach and the by Little, Brown in the United States écrivains (Authors’ secret life) and island is cordoned off by the author- and Orion in the UK, and produc- the paperback version of La Jeune ities. Thus begins a dangerous con- tion of a TV adaption for France Fille et la Nuit. frontation between Mathilde and Télévisions is set to start soon. -
Reference Document Including the Annual Financial Report
REFERENCE DOCUMENT INCLUDING THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT 2012 PROFILE LAGARDÈRE, A WORLD-CLASS PURE-PLAY MEDIA GROUP LED BY ARNAUD LAGARDÈRE, OPERATES IN AROUND 30 COUNTRIES AND IS STRUCTURED AROUND FOUR DISTINCT, COMPLEMENTARY DIVISIONS: • Lagardère Publishing: Book and e-Publishing; • Lagardère Active: Press, Audiovisual (Radio, Television, Audiovisual Production), Digital and Advertising Sales Brokerage; • Lagardère Services: Travel Retail and Distribution; • Lagardère Unlimited: Sport Industry and Entertainment. EXE LOGO L'Identité / Le Logo Les cotes indiquées sont données à titre indicatif et devront être vérifiées par les entrepreneurs. Ceux-ci devront soumettre leurs dessins Echelle: d’éxécution pour approbation avant réalisation. L’étude technique des travaux concernant les éléments porteurs concourant la stabilité ou la solidité du bâtiment et tous autres éléments qui leur sont intégrés ou forment corps avec eux, devra être vérifié par un bureau d’étude qualifié. Agence d'architecture intérieure LAGARDERE - Concept C5 - O’CLOCK Optimisation Les entrepreneurs devront s’engager à executer les travaux selon les règles de l’art et dans le respect des règlementations en vigueur. Ce 15, rue Colbert 78000 Versailles Date : 13 01 2010 dessin est la propriété de : VERSIONS - 15, rue Colbert - 78000 Versailles. Ne peut être reproduit sans autorisation. tél : 01 30 97 03 03 fax : 01 30 97 03 00 e.mail : [email protected] PANTONE 382C PANTONE PANTONE 382C PANTONE Informer, Rassurer, Partager PROCESS BLACK C PROCESS BLACK C Les cotes indiquées sont données à titre indicatif et devront être vérifiées par les entrepreneurs. Ceux-ci devront soumettre leurs dessins d’éxécution pour approbation avant réalisation. L’étude technique des travaux concernant les éléments porteurs concourant la stabilité ou la Echelle: Agence d'architecture intérieure solidité du bâtiment et tous autres éléments qui leur sont intégrés ou forment corps avec eux, devra être vérifié par un bureau d’étude qualifié.