Introduction to Lithuanian Genealogy
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Darius PETKŪNAS – the Sources of the 1545 Old Prussian Language
THE SOURCES OF THE 1545 OLD PRUSSIAN LANGUAGE CATECHISMS Darius Petkūnas Abstract The Teutonic Order in Prussia recognised and acknowledged its responsibility to catechise both the German-speaking colonists and the native population. The Reformation made no radical changes to these requirements, but gave them serious attention. During the 1540s to the 1560s, several Catechisms for the non-German subjects of the Duke of Prussia were pre- pared and published in Königsberg, including three in the Old Prussian language. The editor 189 of the first and second Old Prussian-language Catechisms published bilingual books, with the German Catechism on the left-hand page, and the same text on the right-hand page in the Old Prussian language. Reinhold Trautmann established that the source of the Decalogue in these books was Luther’s 1531 Small Catechism. However, he had difficulties confirming the sources of the remaining four parts of the Catechism, since he found a number of words and phrases which could not be identified as coming from Luther’s Catechisms. The article elaborates on Trautmann’s thesis that the source of the German Decalogue is Luther’s 1531 Enchiridion. In addition, it argues that the sources of the remaining parts of the Catechism were German-lan- guage catechetical and liturgical texts that were circulating in Prussia at that time. KEY WORDS: Duchy of Prussia, catechisation, Old Prussian language, Martin Luther. ANOTACIJA Vokiečių ordinas Prūsijoje suvokė ir pripažino savo pareigą katechizuoti tiek vokiečiakalbius ko- lonistus, tiek ir vietinius gyventojus. Reformacija neturėjo esminės įtakos šiems reikalavimams atsirasti, bet sustiprino jiems teikiamą dėmesį. -
The 13Th-Century Conquest of Prussia Reconsidered
ACTA HI STO RI CA UNIVERSITATIS KLAIPEDENSIS THE 13TH-CENTURY CONQUEST OF PRUSSIA RECONSIDERED DOBROSIELSKA, Alicja. Opór, oportunizm, współpraca. Prusowie wobec zakonu krzyżac kiego w dobie podboju (Monumentą Literaria Prussiae, Seria C: Monografie, nr. 7). Olsztyn: Towarzystwo Naukowe Pruthenia, 2017. - 240 s. ISBN 978-83-934214-9-7 Marius Ščavinskas Klaipėda University Nineteenth and 20th-century historiography about the conQuest of Prussia in the 13th century by the Teutonic Order, based on the different circumstances forming the political, cultural and historical memory developing in different historical epochs and in a varied geographical space, formed a rather clear point of view that the conQuest of Prussia was the expansion of Western Christianity, breaking through in the form of crusades, and interrupting the natural development of the West Balts (mainly Old Prussians), which caused the disappearance of the Old Prussians. There is no doubt that, like any other forms of war, the conQuest naturally triggered change, both in the society of the conQuered and of the conQuerors. For a longtime, the conQuest of the Old Prussians was researched by looking only at the military- political aspects: battles, a discussion of strategy and tactics, the visualisation of the cartography of battles, and the location of Old Prussian castles, highlighting the political circumstances of the arrival of the Teutonic Order in Prussia, descriptions of the ideological attitudes of the Crusades, and descriptions of the hostilities. As well as the military-political aspects, researchers paid significant attention to the pre-Christian order of Old Prussian society, its religion and mythology, confronting the 'peaceful', 'not damaged by civilisation' Old Prussian culture with the aggressive attitude of the Teutonic Order and the supporters of Christian European culture, and in this way, through invisible ties, relating the conQuest of Prussia in the 13th century to events of the 19th and 20th centuries. -
USHMM Finding
http://collections.ushmm.org Contact [email protected] for further information about this collection RG‐50.473*0075 08/21/2000 1 KIRVELAITYTĖ, Justina Lithuania Documentation Project Lithuanian RG-50.473*0075 In this interview Justina Kirvelaitytė, born in 1931 in Pilviškiai, describes a massacre of Jewish women, children and the elderly which took place in Pilviškiai in August 1941 and which she witnessed as a child. She lists and describes in detail several locals who participated in the execution; names the local organizers of the massacre, and notes that the chief of the village, Ambrasas, was one of them. She claims having seen Antanas Baltūsis, a famous Lithuanian anti- Soviet partisan, taking part in the execution. She talks about Jews, who managed to escape and people who rescued them. She also mentions a man, who was among those, who were marching the Jews, but who let one Jew escape on the way to the execution site. She references the executions of Jewish men of Pilviškiai, but explains that she has not witnessed it herself and is only sharing stories she had heard from other people. She talks about looting and mentions that the only payment for the collaborators was the clothes of the Jews, who were made to undress before being massacred. File 1 of 3 [01:] 00:41:22 - [01:] 02:33:00 00:00:53 – 00:02:48 [The setting is outside, at the place of the massacre of Pilviškiai Jews.] Q: So now, Madam, first of all, please tell me your first name and surname. A: Justina Kirvelaitytė. -
Performance of Musical Scale in Traditional Vocal Homophony: Lithuanian Examples
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Serbian Academy of Science and Arts Digital Archive (DAIS) Rytis Ambrazevičius Performance of Musical Scale in Traditional... DOI: 10.2298/MUZ1417045A UDK: 784.4(474.5) Performance of Musical Scale in Traditional Vocal Homophony: Lithuanian Examples Rytis Ambrazevičius1 Lithuanian Academy of Music and Theatre (Vilnius) Kaunas University of Technology (Kaunas) Abstract Acoustical measurements of pitches in a dozen songs exemplifying the Lithuanian traditional vocal homophony were carried out. Several phenomena were revealed. First, the entire scales experience gradual transposition (rise) from the beginning to the end of the song performances. Second, the transposition is supplemented with the gradual shrinking of the musical scales (the intervals become narrower). Third, the intonations of the scale degrees are dynamic, i.e. they depend on the musical (both melodic and harmonic) contexts. Fourth, the versions of musical scales work as certain markers for the idiolects (further studies could show if this might be extrapolated to the realm of dialects). All these insights raise issues about the per- ceptual qualities of the musical scales and their manifestations in the performance. Keywords Musical scale, vocal performance, homophony, Lithuanian traditional singing, acoustical measurements, pitch perception. Issue of musical scale Before we proceed to the elaboration of the methods and tech- niques of the acoustical measurements, and the analysis of their re- sults, let’s discuss the concept of the ‘musical scale’. Most probably, this concept seems to be entirely transparent to us. Yet, upon closer inspection we encounter several obstacles. -
The Archaeology of the Prussian Crusade
Downloaded by [University of Wisconsin - Madison] at 05:00 18 January 2017 THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE PRUSSIAN CRUSADE The Archaeology of the Prussian Crusade explores the archaeology and material culture of the Crusade against the Prussian tribes in the thirteenth century, and the subsequent society created by the Teutonic Order that lasted into the six- teenth century. It provides the first synthesis of the material culture of a unique crusading society created in the south-eastern Baltic region over the course of the thirteenth century. It encompasses the full range of archaeological data, from standing buildings through to artefacts and ecofacts, integrated with writ- ten and artistic sources. The work is sub-divided into broadly chronological themes, beginning with a historical outline, exploring the settlements, castles, towns and landscapes of the Teutonic Order’s theocratic state and concluding with the role of the reconstructed and ruined monuments of medieval Prussia in the modern world in the context of modern Polish culture. This is the first work on the archaeology of medieval Prussia in any lan- guage, and is intended as a comprehensive introduction to a period and area of growing interest. This book represents an important contribution to promot- ing international awareness of the cultural heritage of the Baltic region, which has been rapidly increasing over the last few decades. Aleksander Pluskowski is a lecturer in Medieval Archaeology at the University of Reading. Downloaded by [University of Wisconsin - Madison] at 05:00 -
C)Specimen of Folk Memorial Small Scale Architecture, Generally Called Crosses, Are No Doubt Related by Their Plastic Forms to T
CROSS-CRAFTING IN LITHUANIA 1.IDENTIFICATION a) Lithuania. b) Cross-crafting in Lithuania. c) Local communities, public organizations. d) The territory of the Republic of Lithuania. e) Lithuanian ethnographic regions: Aukštaitija, Žemaitija, Dzūkija, Suvalkija, Lithuania Minor. f) An uninterrupted tradition which has been passed on for centuries. g) The Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Lithuania, the Lithuanian Folk Culture Center. 2. JUSTIFICATION OF THE CANDIDATURE a) Cross- crafting is a craft exceptionally valuable from the historic, artistic, ethnological and sociological points of view. b) Presently, it is primarily folk artists who are the bearers of the tradition and who maintain and pass on the plastic characteristics of cross-crafting. There are now around one hundred actively performing cross-crafting masters in Lithuania (those having made over 20 crosses) and about 200 craftsmen who have made 10-20 crosses. There is no statistical information on craftsmen who have created only one or two crosses (these are usually folk artists who make wooden sculptures or other woodwork and who, if circumstances arise, can make wooden crosses, too). A list of the most actively practicing cross-crafting craftsmen is attached. The traditions of cross-crafting are primarily cherished by religious and local communities of all five ethnographic regions of Lithuania. A community as an organizational unit can commission crosses, but under certain circumstances the crosses can also be commissioned by private individuals. The majority of Lithuanians are Roman Catholics (some, however, only in the formal sense) and so are committed (at least partially) to traditional worship practices related to wooden crosses. -
Klaipedos Kr Dainos.Indd
Singing tradition of the Klaipėda region preserved in Lithuania and in the émigré communities In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries it was the Lithuanian songs of East Prussia that opened the way for Lithuanian language and culture into Western Europe. The elegiac folk poetry, with characteristically straightforward structure and plain subject matter, fascinated the enlightened minds of artists and scholars, kindling their imagination and providing inspiration for their own creative work. Certain ideas that originated in the Age of Enlightenment and gained currency in Western Europe, coupled with the nascent concern about the newly discovered yet already vanishing layer of traditional culture, lent an important impetus for preservation of that obsolescent culture. It was then that the Lithuanian songs were first recorded, published and researched. The network of Prussian clergymen who were the first collectors of folklore formed around Liudvikas Rėza (Ludwig Rhesa) (1776‒1840), a professor at the University of Königsberg, amassed a priceless repository of Lithuanian non-material culture, which kept growing by the effort of countless devout enthusiasts during the coming two hundred years. The present collection of Songs and Music from the Klaipėda Region is yet another contribution to this ever expanding repository. At long last we will have an opportunity to hear the real sound of what many of us have only known in the form of written down verses, notated melodies, and interpretations thereof. As a matter of fact, no sound recordings of authentic Prussian Lithuanian songs or instrumental music have been published in Lithuania in the course of the 20th century. On the other hand, there was no apparent lack of valuable materials preserved at folklore archives and informants who could have sung Lithuanian folk songs for the compilers of sound anthologies in the middle of 26 the 20th century. -
1 the Objectives of the Course Is to Study the Lithuanian Musical
STUDY SUBJECT PROGRAMME Subject Subject group Credits Subject Subject Reg. No. code certified certification valid until C (No., as ETN4003 Main group of 4 ECTS recorded in a study program register of study subjects). Title LIETUVI Ų ETNIN Ė MUZIKA Title in English LITHUANIAN ETHNIC MUSIC Subject annotation in English (up to 500 symbols) The objectives of the course is to study the Lithuanian musical, spreading and using traditions in the context of the ethnic history of the Lithuanians. Spreading of two main styles of ethnic music not coincides with the boundaries of current ethnographical regions – theses areas reflects ancient cultural territories. Area of polyphony more or less show the territory of former culture of ancient Western, and the monody – the culture of Eastern Balts. Using traditions of the monody reflect the customs and works of the autumn, winter and early spring period, and shows a very strong agriculture heritage, while the polyphony – coincide with the spring and summer period and connects with the heritage of cattle – breading. Necessary background knowledge for the study of the subject The courses of Narrative folklore , Basics of Ethnology and Meloflolkloristics must be studied. Study results of the subject (up to 600 symbols) Students competences are follows: • apply the knowledge, theories and methods for working position • organize researches of ethnic music and ethnic culture • research and evaluate ethnic music as the feature of culture heritage • work in the scientific, education and art institutions • prepare and work with the national and international projects and do the evaluation of these projects • prepare the programs for researching ethnic music and ethnic culture • make the support and consultations for the performers of ethnic music • make the scientific and methodical support for the government education, art and other institutions Subject contents (up to 1200 symbols) Monody and polyphony in Lithuanian ethnic music. -
Ost- U. Westpreußen Resources (Including Danzig) at the IGS Library
Ost- u. WestPreußen Resources (including Danzig) at the IGS Library Introduction to East & West Prussia and Danzig The Map Guide to German Parish Registers series has five volumes devoted to this region, #44 through #48. The first two cover West Prussia, with #44 devoted to the Regierungsbezirk Danzig and #45 the RB Marienwerder. The last three are for East Prussia, and deal with RB Allenstein, RB Königsberg and RB Gumbinnen, respectively. A note from Mark F. Rabideau on OW-Preussen-L for 1 June 2015: As for the broader situation regarding Pommern records, I would guess there is a about a 80-90% record loss due to WW2 It is truly bleak. Westpreussen fared somewhat better; the record loss there is more on the order of ~40% across that former region. The bottom line is that the LDS records are most likely your best record source (currently). It may be that archion will eventually provide (in the future) some currently unavailable records (but that is hard to know for certain). See: http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Archion Region-wide Resources Online Research in former (pre-1945) German lands — http://www.heimat-der-vorfahren.de [O/W] Prussian Antiquarian Society (German) — http://www.prussia-gesellschaft.de Society: Verein für Familienforschung in O/WPr. — http://www.vffow.de/default.htm [To enter the online databases, Login Name = “Gast” & Passwort = “vffow”.] (former) East German Gen. Assoc. (German) — http://www.agoff.de German-Baltic Gen. Soc. (German) — http://www.dbgg.de/index.htm Researching Germans in today’s Poland — http://www.unsere-ahnen.de Forum on former areas — http://forum.ahnenforschung.net/archive/index.php/f-43.html Forum topics organized by Kreis — http://www.deutscheahnen.de/forum/ Placename listings — http://www.schuka.net/FamFo/HG/orte_a.htm http://www.schuka.net/FamFo/HG/Aemter-OWP.htm Placenames, translations from German to present-day Polish — https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_deutscher_Bezeichnungen_polnischer_Orte Family names — http://forum.naanoo.com/freeboard/board/index.php?userid=21893 Scots in E. -
Vilkaviškio Rajono Įmonių Ir Organizacijų Informacinis Gidas
Vilkaviškio rajono įmonių ir organizacijų INFORMACINIS GIDAS Signalinis egzempliorius ! 1 www.vilkaviskisinfo.lt VšĮ VilkaViškio turizmo ir Verslo informacijos centras J. Basanavičiaus a. 7, Vilkaviškis LT-70101, Lietuva (+370 342) 20 525, info@vilkaviškisinfo.lt UAB „Gintvila“ Vytauto g. 16, Vilkaviškis LT-70125, Lietuva +370 620 60 533, +370 671 65 995, [email protected] Viršelyje A. Birštono nuotrauka GAMYBA PASLAUGOS PREKYBA ORGANIZACIJOS STATYBA 2 Vilkaviškio rajono meras Algirdas Neiberka Mieli Vilkaviškio krašto žmonės, turistai, gerbiami verslininkai, Vilkaviškio kraštas visada garsėjo ne tik nuostabiomis lygumomis ir aukštumomis, istoriją menan- čiais piliakalniais, istorijos ir kultūros paminklais, bet ir puikiais, darbščiais žmonėmis. Šiandien Vil- kaviškio rajonas vis labiau atsinaujina ir nori tapti patrauklia vieta ne tik čia gyvenantiems, bet ir atvykstantiems žmonėms, siekia kurti palankią verslo aplinką potencialiems investuotojams. Man labai malonu pristatyti Jums Vilkaviškio turizmo ir verslo informacijos centro iniciatyva pa- rengtą leidinį, kuriame pateikiama koncentruota informacija apie Vilkaviškio rajone veikiančias įmones, įstaigas, įvairias organizacijas bei paslaugas. Jūsų rankose – leidinys „Vilkaviškio rajono informacinis gidas: įmonės, organizacijos, paslaugos“. Jame rasite daugiau kaip 500 mūsų rajone veikiančių įmonių kontaktinius duomenis, informaciją apie viešąsias ir biudžetines įstaigas, nevyriausybines organizacijas, jų kontaktus ir teikiamas pas- laugas. Naudingos informacijos apie apgyvendinimo ir maitinimo paslaugas ras ir mūsų rajoną lankantys turistai. Vertinu mūsų krašto žmones, kurie savo iniciatyvą, išradingumą, visą energiją skiria tam, kad vysty- tų veiklą mūsų rajone, kurtų darbo vietas ir Lietuvos bendrąjį produktą, savo gaminama produkcija garsintų gimtąjį kraštą. Rajono gyventojai turi kuo didžiuotis, o mes didžiuojamės jais. Visi esame suinteresuoti, kad mūsų rajono verslas klestėtų, kad jis plėstųsi, o čia gyvenantys žmonės būtų laimingi. -
Richter Revised
University of Birmingham 'A mass which you could form into whatever you wanted' Richter, Klaus License: None: All rights reserved Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (Harvard): Richter, K 2017, 'A mass which you could form into whatever you wanted': Refugees and state building in Lithuania and Courland, 1914–21. in Europe on the move: Refugees in the era of the Great War. Cultural History of Modern War. Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: Checked for eligibility: 03/05/2019 General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain. Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document. When citing, please reference the published version. Take down policy While the University of Birmingham exercises care and attention in making items available there are rare occasions when an item has been uploaded in error or has been deemed to be commercially or otherwise sensitive. -
True History of Christianity Part1
““JohnJohn SmithSmith”” TheThe TrueTrue HistoryHistory ofof ChristianityChristianity LLet him who seeks continue seeking until he finds. When he finds, he will become troubled. When he becomes troubled, he will be astonished ... Jesus said ... For nothing hidden will not become manifest, and nothing covered will remain without being uncovered. The apocryphal Gospel of Thomas, a 4th Century ‘heretical’ text discovered at Nag Hammadi, Egypt, in 1945. MMany others, who oppose the truth and are the messengers of error, will set up their error ... thinking that good and evil are from one (source) ... but those of this sort will be cast into the outer darkness. From the Apocalypse of Peter, also found at Nag Hammadi. “Jesus said, ... For there are five trees for you in Paradise which remain undisturbed summer and winter and whose leaves do not fall. Whoever becomes acquainted with them will not experience death”. The apocryphal Gospel of Thomas II:19, also found at Nag Hammadi. The True History of Christianity “John Smith” 2005 4 The True History of Christianity DEDICATIONS This book is dedicated to a number of individuals who played an important part in this project - Firstly, no greater thanks can go to my family who patiently waited 10 years while their dad finished this book, and to my folks for their assistance when the going was really tough. Thanks also to the idiot who undid my wheel nuts (almost wiping out an entire family), not to mention the vile piece of of filth who cut through my brake hose causing my vehicle to spin out of control.