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Return and Reintegration of Sudanese Refugees to Southern Sudan

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Return and Reintegration of Sudanese Refugees to Southern Sudan Return and Reintegration of Sudanese Refugees to Southern Sudan REVISED SUPPLEMENTARY APPEAL January 2004 – December 2005 Home beckons for these Sudanese refugees in Uganda. © UNHCR I. INTRODUCTION period up to 31 December 2004. The estimated funding requirements for planned activities during Decades of armed conflict in southern Sudan January – December 2005 are USD 60 million, have resulted in over 500,000 Sudanese fleeing thereby bringing the total two–year budget to USD into neighbouring countries of Uganda, Ethiopia, 89.9 million. UNHCR will reflect these revised Kenya, the Democratic Republic of the Congo project needs in the 2004 Inter-agency (DRC), Central African Republic (CAR) and Egypt. Consolidated Appeal for the Sudan Assistance The conflict also internally displaced about four Programme (ASAP). million persons. With the funds being requested, it will become In 2002, renewed peace talks launched in possible to strengthen UNHCR’s present capacity Machakos, Kenya, under the auspices of the to support the planned repatriation and Inter-Governmental Authority on Development reintegration activities in southern Sudan. In view (IGAD), resulted in the Machakos Protocol which of the total absence of basic infrastructure, such provided a framework for the cessation of as schools, hospitals and other public service hostilities between the Government of Sudan and facilities, UNHCR must work, more than ever, very the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army closely with all UN/other agencies with expertise (SPLM/A). This initiative created a momentum for in addressing the enormous needs of this complex both parties to engage in a sustainable peace and challenging operation. process. With the recent signing on 26 May 2004 between II. SUMMARY OF ACTIVITIES FROM the Government of Sudan and the SPLM/A of JANUARY – JUNE 2004. three protocols in Naivaisha, covering the “contested” areas of (i) Abyei, (ii) Southern Blue UNHCR has, to date, received USD 3,081,679 Nile and Nuba mountains and (iii) power sharing, from two donors against the initial preparatory the parties have entered the final phase of the activities’ budget of USD 8.8 million. Two peace process. It is anticipated that the plan of temporary allocations amounting to USD 5.7 action for the implementation of a comprehensive million were approved from the Operational peace agreement can be completed in the next Reserve in order to prevent a break in the ongoing three months. Thereafter, a pre-interim period of preparatory activities. The total funds therefore six months is required to discuss and put in place available for the programme are approximately an administrative (governance) structure for the USD 8.7 million. Over 93 per cent of this amount actual implementation. According to the has already been used/committed. It is critical, agreement, the transitional period is expected to therefore, that UNHCR receives adequate funding last for six years. in order to support the implementation of key activities to be undertaken up to December 2004. It is, therefore, opportune to consolidate UNHCR’s operational presence in the South. The need to Funding overview – 2004 UNHCR carry out preparatory and response activities is Supplementary Appeal for southern Sudan strategically important in order to ensure not only the protection and assistance for spontaneous Initial Budget: USD 8,868,000 returnees but also to make certain that UNHCR is engaged in partnership with other UN agencies, As at 1 July 2004 NGOs and local authorities, in fully developing and implementing the return and reintegration of DONORS Contributions (USD) refugees and other displaced persons. United States 2,700,000 Canada 381,679 UNHCR is planning to facilitate the initial voluntary Total 3,081,679 repatriation and reintegration of 150,000 refugees In addition, USD 5.7 million was allocated on a in 2004 - 2005. Moreover it is expected that temporary basis from the Operational Reserve to 80,000 IDPs will return to the same areas as enable the Office to continue the implementation refugees. In order to prepare for and support of the planned preparatory and limited response these returns, UNHCR has revised the activities for 2004, pending the receipt of further preparatory and initial assistance activities to donor contributions. cover a two-year period, with a proviso to review the 2005 component commensurate with the From January to June 2004, preparatory activities developments on the ground by the end of 2004. were embarked on, mainly to enable UNHCR to conduct assessment missions inside Sudan and As a result, the financial requirements of the 2004 countries of asylum; initiate the establishment of a Supplementary Appeal for Sudan have increased presence in southern Sudan; conduct registration from USD 8.8 million to USD 29.7 million for the 2 exercises and profiling of refugees in six countries • In the Democratic Republic of the Congo of asylum (CAR, Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, DRC, (DRC), registration for repatriation of Egypt); and strengthen the capacity of the Sudanese refugees is ongoing at four UNHCR office in Khartoum and at Headquarters refugee sites. to support the operation. The detailed activities • In Kenya, registration in Kakuma camp are listed below: started in May 2004. • In Uganda, the assessment mission 1) Fielding of teams, opening of offices planned for April 2004 was postponed due to current insecurity in the north of • After an absence of 15 years from the country. It is now planned to take southern Sudan, UNHCR deployed an place in August 2004. emergency team in early December 2003 and opened an office in Juba followed by 3) Logistics assessment the establishment of a presence in Rumbek. The team established contacts • Logistics assessment missions to with local authorities and humanitarian determine the feasibility and indicative agencies, principally the Operation requirements of providing organized Lifeline Sudan (OLS), the NGO transport to Sudanese refugees from consortium and the Sudan Relief and countries of asylum to respective areas of Rehabilitation Commission (SRRC). In origin in southern Sudan, and to define close consultation with counterparts in the the supply chain were conducted on countries of asylum, the team explored seven road transport corridors linking modalities for repatriation of Sudanese camps and settlements in CAR, DRC, and refugees and assessed the initial logistical Uganda to areas of origin in western conditions for ensuring the safety of return Equatoria. It has also been completed in movements in all provinces. Bahr El Ghazal, Eastern Equatoria, Upper • Twenty posts were established (8 Nile, Khartoum as well as in the Blue Nile international and 12 national). The province in Sudan. selection process has been completed • A preliminary survey of routes of return and more than half of the required staff and identification of the scope of repairs members have already been appointed. to be carried out to upgrade roads and • A Special Operations Unit for Sudan was construct bridges was completed. formed at Headquarters in May 2004 to • Security along the return routes was support the repatriation operation. assessed and telecommunication needs • Two meetings with UNHCR offices in for the way stations were identified. countries of asylum were held in • The transport corridor linking Kakuma November 2003 and February 2004 to refugee camp in Kenya to the Sudanese define the policy framework for the border was assessed and a border registration of Sudanese refugees in the crossing point was identified. region. Consolidation of registration and voluntary repatriation data in the country 4) Prepositioning non–food items of origin was agreed upon based on the use of standard voluntary repatriation and • Non-food items for 40,000 refugees, 4 registration forms. trucks and 4 light vehicles (value of USD • A mission was conducted by the Inspector 952,000) were deployed to Rhino camp in General to assess the level of Uganda in mid-May 2004. preparedness in southern Sudan during • Two additional light vehicles were ordered March 2004. from Nairobi bringing the total vehicles to eight, including two vehicles deployed to 2) Registration Juba from Khartoum. • In Ethiopia, a registration support mission was fielded in February 2004 to define methodology and IT requirements. All III. STRATEGY equipment have been procured and shipped to Addis Ababa. Another support The post-conflict environment in southern Sudan mission completed the registration in is expected to be fragile at the political and socio- Yarenja and Assosa camps. The economic levels. Stability to a large extent will continuation of the exercise in the depend on how the peace agreement is Gambella camps is on hold pending implemented and owned by all communities, and improvement of the security situation in how inter-tribal or other likely conflicts will be the area. resolved. On the assumption that the security conditions will progressively improve, UNHCR’s 3 assistance and protection activities in 2004 will be • Rehabilitate basic survival infrastructure guided by the following objectives: and provide essential services in areas of return. Main 2004 objectives • Build capacity of the local government administration and partners to put in place • Verify and promote conditions that are an effective protection and monitoring conducive to voluntary return in safety mechanism. and dignity. • Facilitate and strengthen linkages and co- • Address legal and protection issues ordination with aid agencies and before
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