The Battle of Trenton
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
SPL115A Copy
MAPPING: NORTHERN BATTLES Using a grid system helps you locate places in the world. A grid system is made up of lines that come together to form squares. The squares divide a map into smaller pieces, making it easier to \ nd important places. Learning how to use a grid system is easy, and will teach you an important location skill. Example: In July 1777, the British Army took control of Mount Independence. Hundreds of soldiers from America, Great Britain, and Germany are buried in unmarked graves on top of Mount Independence. Mount Independence is located at ( 4,4 ). Locate Mount Independence at ( 4,4 ), by putting your \ nger on the number 1 at the bottom of the grid. Slide over to 4 and up to 4. Mount Independence is located in the square created where these two numbers come together. 6 5 Mount 4 Ind. 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 678 9 Directions: In this activity, you will use a grid system to locate important Revolutionary War forts and battles in the North. 1. Follow the example above for locating each fort or battle by going over and up. If a fort or battle is located at ( 4,4 ), go over to 4 and up to 4. 2. When you locate a fort or battle on the grid, color in the square with a coloring pencil. If the fort or battle was won by the Americans, color the square blue. If the fort or battle was won by the British, color the square red. 3. The \ rst one has been done for you as an example. -
Guide to the Battles of Trenton and Princeton
Hidden Trenton Guide to the Battles of Trenton and Princeton Nine Days that Changed the World December 26, 1776 to January 3, 1777 A self-guided tour of the places and events that shaped the battles and changed the history of America Go to http://HiddenTrenton.com/BattleTour for links to online resources Updated 2017 Copyright © 2011, 2017 all rights reserved. The pdf file of this document may be distributed for non- commercial purposes over the Internet in its original, complete, and unaltered form. Schools and other non-profit educational institutions may print and redistribute sections of this document for classroom use without royalty. All of the illustrations in this document are either original creations, or believed by the author to be in the public domain. If you believe that you are the copyright holder of any image in this document, please con- tact the author via email at [email protected]. Forward I grew up in NJ, and the state’s 1964 Tricentennial cel- Recently, John Hatch, my friend and business partner, ebration made a powerful impression on me as a curious organized a “Tour of the Battle of Trenton” as a silent 4th grader. Leutez’ heroic portrait of Washington Cross- auction item for Trenton’s Passage Theatre. He used ing the Delaware was one of the iconic images of that Fischer’s book to research many of the stops, augmenting celebration. My only memory of a class trip to the park his own deep expertise concerning many of the places a year or two later, is peering up at the mural of Wash- they visited as one of the state’s top restoration architects. -
1 Question Sheet for the Continental Army & Washington 1. Who Is
1 Question Sheet for The Continental Army & Washington 1. Who is the author of the source? What was his position (his duty) at Valley Forge? 2. What sort of military action does the source describe that occurred on December 11? What does he note as the outcome of this action? 3. Next, look at the diary entry for December 13. In your view, is this entry critical or supportive of the commanding officers at Valley Forge? What evidence in the entry supports your conclusion? 4. Read the diary entry for December 14. In this entry, list at least four conditions described by Waldo that either he or other soldiers at Valley Forge are enduring. In your view, are these conditions that are unique to Valley Forge, or do you think soldiers in all conflicts experience the same thing? 5. After reading the excerpt for Waldo’s diary, describe how you see his morale. List at least three examples from the reading to back up your description. 6. In your view, based on your reading and viewing of episodes from Liberty!, would Waldo’s account be fairly consistent of the experience of the average soldier during the Revolutionary War? Write a paragraph explaining your view. 2 7. Do you think that the conditions Waldo discusses were common of both enlisted men and officers? Why or why not? 8. Assume that you were George Washington and received a copy of Waldo’s diary. What concern, if any, would you have about the conditions stated in it? 9. In Episode #3, Pauline Maier notes, “…this means you have a different kind of an army. -
1. George Washington 9. Lexington and Concord 2
People and Events of the Revolution Directions: There are 15 people or events from the American Revolution on this page. There are 45 descriptions listed below. 3 descriptions will fit each person or event. Write the number of the person or event next to the 3 descriptions that match. 1. George Washington 9. Lexington and Concord 2. Thomas Jefferson 10. Bernardo de Galvez 3. Valley Forge 11. Treaty of Paris, 1783 4. Marquis de Lafayette 12. Patrick Henry 5. Declaration of Independence 13. Thomas Paine 6. Battle of Saratoga 14. Battle of Yorktown 7. King George III 15. John Adams 8. Ben Franklin 12 “Give me Liberty, or Give me Death!” French general and statesman. Author of the Declaration of Independence. ¼ of the soldiers died from disease, malnutrition, and exposure to cold. The treaty that ended the Revolutionary War. 2nd president of the U.S.A. Spanish military leader. Commander in chief of the Continental Army. The last major battle of the Revolutionary War. Document written and signed in 1776. Sites in Massachusetts of the 1st battles of the American Revolution. A turning point in the Revolutionary War. American statesman who negotiated an alliance with France during the American Revolution. Author of Common Sense. King of England during the American Revolution. Member of the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence. He commanded the French army that helped the Americans during the American Revolution. It confirmed the independence of the United States. Recipient of the Declaration of Independence. Battles that started the American Revolution in 1775. Battle in which the British forces surrendered. -
Appendix a — Battle History, Significance & Recent Planning
Appendix A Battle History, Significance & Recent Planning This appendix provides a historic overview of the battle and time sequence for the southern Brandywine Battlefield where Crown Force tactical maneuvers and battle skirmishes with American troops occurred prior to and the day of battle, September 11, 1777. The southern battlefield consists of strategic landscapes related to Crown Force activities of Lower Flank Northern Column and Eastern Column Advance, and the associated Crown Force Approach and Encampment. The Lower Flank of the Northern Column ends where the Phase 1 northern battlefield strategic landscapes project picks up at the border of today’s East Marlborough and Pocopson Townships. The Eastern Column Landscape ends at the eastern battlefield (to be examined in a Phase 3 project) where it is estimated that battle combat action begins. This historic overview has been adapted from 2013 Plan information using strategic landscapes projects’ information. This appendix also provides an overview of recent battlefield planning projects. Historical Overview of the Battle The late summer of 1777 in the upper Delmarva Peninsula witnessed the start of the military campaign that resulted in the capture of Philadelphia by Crown Forces (25 September 1777). Two years of warfare had preceded the Philadelphia Campaign, with much of the principal military action on land occurring in New England, New York and New Jersey. Crown Forces setbacks occurred in December 1776 (First Battle of Trenton) and in early January 1777 (Battle of Princeton). These reversals resulted in the Crown Forces wintering in New York City and in the vicinity of New Brunswick and Perth Amboy, New Jersey, and American Forces taking up winter quarters around Morristown, New Jersey. -
The American Revolution 1775-1783 Britain Vs
The American Revolution 1775-1783 Britain vs. the colonies (United States) Revolution- A war that changes the government Patriots – Americans who fought Britain for independence Loyalists – Americans who were loyal to Britain American Advantages British Advantages Knowledge of the land Superior Army More Allies Wealth Leadership More weapons Good cause to fight for Superior Navy Short lines of communication Better military training Use of rifles Strong form of Government Short supply lines Supplies Experienced soldiers Beginning of the War Lexington and Concord – April 19, 1775 First battle of the war, Britain wanted to take colonists’ guns away. Americans tried to prevent them, and fighting broke out. Casualties: U.S.- 49 Britain – 273 Result: The war begins May 10, 1775: the Second Continental Congress begins in Philadelphia. All 13 colonies are represented. Congress becomes the government of the U.S. during the war. Olive Branch Petition – Letter to King George III from Congress asking for peace. ( this request is ignored by King George III, who declares the colonists in rebellion) Congress creates the Continental Army, and chooses George Washington to be the Commander in Chief. Washington was chosen because: He had experience He was wealthy He had good character and charisma He was from Viginia Fort Ticonderoga May 10, 1775 Surprise attack by Ethan Allen and the Green Mountain Boys (with Benedict Arnold) Americans take the fort without firing a shot Americans gain much needed cannons! The Battle of Bunker Hill (a.k.a. Breed's Hill) June 17, 1775 The Americans want to force the British out of Boston. The British cannot allow the Americans to hold the high ground, so they attack! Results: Britain wins a costly victory. -
First Battle of Trenton
First Battle of Trenton Introduction The following tour is presented by the Trenton Historical Society with funding support from the New Jersey Historical Commission. Please begin this tour at the Trenton Battle Monument, located on the northern edge of downtown Trenton at the intersection of North Warren Street, North Broad Street, Pennington Avenue and Brunswick Avenue. Thank you for visiting Trenton and for your interest in the Battles of Trenton. By the middle of December 1776 it appeared that the American Revolution was all but over. General George Washington and the Continental Army had suffered a series of stunning defeats in New York at Brooklyn Heights, Harlem Heights, Throgs Neck, White Plains, and Fort Washington and had been chased across New Jersey and into Pennsylvania by the British Army. Congress questioned Washington’s ability to lead the Revolution. Washington’s troops were demoralized and ill-equipped. If the Revolution was to survive, the Americans desperately needed a victory. Washington decided to risk everything in a surprise attack on Colonel Johann Rall’s Hessian troops in the town of Trenton. Washington planned three separate but simultaneous movements across the Delaware River on Christmas night that would result in a convergent attack on Trenton before daybreak. But that night a violent winter storm pounded the Delaware Valley. Relentless snow, sleet and heavy ice thwarted all but one crossing. After battling sharp frost, high wind and heavy ice floes, only the force led by George Washington himself successfully crossed the Delaware at McConkey’s Ferry – ten miles north of Trenton and three hours behind schedule. -
Crossroads of the American Revolution in New Jersey
The National Park Service Northeast Region Philadelphia Support Office Crossroads of the American Revolution in New Jersey Special Resource Study National Heritage Area Feasibility Study Environmental Assessment August 2002 This report has been prepared to provide Congress and the public with information about the resources in the study area and how they relate to criteria for inclusion within the national park system and for feasibility of a national heritage area. Publication and transmittal of this report should not be considered an endorsement or a commitment by the National Park Service to seek or support either specific legisla- tive authorization for the project or appropriation for its implementation. Authorization and funding for any new commitments by the National Park Service will have to be considered in light of competing priorities for existing units of the national park system and other programs. This report was prepared by the United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Philadelphia Support Office. For additional copies or more information contact: National Park Service Philadelphia Support Office Planning and Legislation Program 200 Chestnut Street Philadelphia, PA 19106 (215) 597-6479 Abstract Special Resource Study National Heritage Area Feasibility Study Environmental Assessment Crossroads of the American Revolution, New Jersey August 2002 This Special Resource Study (SRS), National Heritage Area (NHA) Feasibility Study and Environmental Assessment examines the resources within a fifteen-county -
Letters from Trenton, 1776: Teaching with Primary Sources
Social Studies and the Young Learner 17(2), pp. 5-12 ©2004 National Council for the Social Studies General George Washington standing with a group of soldiers looking at the fl ags captured from the British during the battle of Trenton. Artist Percy Moran painted this scene in 1914. Library of Congress Letters from Trenton, 1776: Teaching with Primary Sources Theresa M. McCormick December 27, 1776 Do these sound like the words from a faded letter written Dear Mother, by a Continental soldier during the American Revolution? Can you Yesterday we were in the town of Trenton. We were attack- picture a tired, young Patriot writing to his mother in the aftermath ing the Hessians. We had to cross the Delaware River. It was of the Continental Army’s surprise attack on the mighty Hessians? cold and very late..... Colonel Glover had problems getting Possibly, but while the letter is based on the historical event of the all of us in the boats. Battle of Trenton during the American Revolution, the words are When we fi nally were in battle, I killed several Hessians. from one of my fi fth-graders who became fascinated in the people General Washington was very brave during this battle ... I did and events involved in this pivotal victory for the young nation. not get a chance to ask him if I would be returning home after In the fi fth grade, our social studies curriculum is based on Ameri- this battle, but soon found out that I wouldn’t. can history. Often, at the beginning of the year, I hear questions such Remember, no matter what happens, I will always love as, “Why do we need to know about what happened to people who you. -
Finding Aid on Prisoners of War
David Library of the American Revolution Finding Aid on Prisoners of War including the Peter Force Collection: Prisoner-of-War Papers (William Augustus Atlee Papers; Lancaster Committee of Safety Papers and Minutes Transcripts; Lists of Prisoners) Johannes Schwalm Historical Association Collection: (Prisoner-of-War Papers from Thomas Bradford Papers and Elias Boudinot Papers) Elias Boudinot Letterbook 1777-1778 Horatio Gates Papers: Prisoner-of-War Returns Prepared by David Swain, Volunteer Researcher, December 2016 Table of Contents Manuscript Sources—Prisoner-of-War Papers 1 Peter Force Collection (Library of Congress) 1 Johannes Schwalm Historical Association Collection (Historical Society of Pennsylvania; Library of Congress) 2 Elias Boudinot Letterbook (State Historical Society 3 of Wisconsin) Horatio Gates Papers (New York Historical Society) 4 General Index 5 Introduction 13 Overview 13 Untangling the Categories of Manuscripts from their 15 Interrelated Sources People Involved in Prisoner-of-War Matters 18 Key People 19 Elias Boudinot 20 Thomas Bradford 24 William Augustus Atlee 28 Friendships and Relationships 31 American Prisoner-of-War Network and System 32 Lancaster Committee of Safety Papers and Minutes 33 Prisoner-of-War Lists 34 References 37 Annotated Lists of Contents: 41 Selected Prisoner-of-War Documents William Augustus Atlee Papers 1758-1791 41 (Peter Force Collection, Series 9, Library of Congress) LancasterCommittee of safety Papers 1775-1777 97 (Peter Force Collection, Series 9, Library of Congress) -
American Revolution
American Revolution Major Battles and Events Three Major Phases of the War New England 17751775--17761776 Mid Atlantic 17761776--7878 Southern 1778 --1781 April 1775 Lexington and Concord Revere, Dawes, and Prescott British march on Lexington “Shot heard around the world.” Militia confront British at Concord British forced to retreat to Boston May 1775 Fort Ticonderoga Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold surprise British Green Mountain Boys Capture cannons, gunpowder, and supplies June 1775 Bunker Hill Americans occupy Breed’s Hill British full scale attack “Do not fire until you see the whites of their eyes” Militia men hold their ground July ––AugustAugust 1775 King George Draws a Line in the Sand Olive Branch Petition Declaration of the Causes and Necessity for Taking up Arms King George’s Proclamation Rebels are deemed traitors Colonists begin to unify in response Jan. 1776 Paine’s “Common Sense” Common Sense spreads through colonies Builds on Locke’s ideas King and Parliament equally wrong Complete Separation LoyalistsLoyalists--cowardscowards and fools June --JulyJuly 1776 Lee’s Resolution Jefferson uses Locke and Enlightenment Adams and Franklin help Jefferson Contentious vote on document Declaration of Independence passes AugustAugust--SeptemberSeptember 1776 Siege of New York British arrives with large navy and army Washington defeated in series of battles General Howe fails to deliver KO British occupy New York Dec. 1776 Washington’s CrossingCrossing--BattleBattle of Trenton Hessians caught by surprise -
History in the Making
Chapter Eight: The American Revolution C o nt e nt s 8.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 330 8.1.1Learning Outcomes .......................................................................................330 8.2THE SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, 1775-1781 .........................................331 8.2.1Movement toward Independence, 1775-1776 ....................................................333 8.2.2The Declaration of Independence ..................................................................... 333 8.2.3Before You Move On... .................................................................................... 336 Key Concepts ................................................................................................... 336 Test Yourself .................................................................................................... 336 8.3REVOLUTIONARY WAR BATTLES ...................................................................... 337 8.3.1 Bunker Hill, June 16, 1775 ............................................................................ 338 8.3.2 Quebec, December 31, 1775 ......................................................................... 340 8.3.3 Long Island, also known as Brooklyn Heights, August 27, 1776 .......................... 341 8.3.4 Battle of Trenton, December 26, 1776 ............................................................ 344 8.3.5 Battle of Saratoga, NY, September 19-October 17, 1777 ..................................