'5-)1•101c Saturday Review 24 Jun 72 TIRED OF THE CLASSROOM? READY FOR REAL LEARNING? ing with and seeing through them, but GEHLEN: Spy of the Century Write by E. HABITAT SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENT slightly foolish nonetheless, the cen- H. Cookrldge problem centered, project oriented tral figures; finally, hovering over all Random House, 402 pp., 510 co-ed 1625 and asserting supreme mental and Boo 1360. Belmont. Mass. 02178 moral authority, the narrating author. THE GENERAL WAS A SPY: The reading audience indulges a com- The Truth About General Gehlen plex pleasure. It is shown obvious num- and His Spy Ring skulls and shares the author's amused 044, ROGUE VALLEY RANCH SCHOOL by Heinz Hohne and Hermann Zolling retrace residential school earring . - contempt for them. It is also made to chnuirlel)-edtlen11-0111 merlon rIellailed is translated from the German help underachieving buss 10-18 Yarn hal feel superior even to those characters difilruity in in.:fine Will and APICISIle by Richard Barry NdJusirne111.1. Suptiordrs enenselina rnivird who are superior to the saps, In sum, withan upended remedial. anaemic ern. Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, anus I. pmrldrail . Waited number of born. 8$ IICTe T.11,11 the audience identifies with the au- on the beautiful Rogue Hirer twelve miles N of 5tedfarl. 347 pp., $10 Olt. Rtereatlenal Field Mtn. aver .11 mild thor's narrative voice, which consist- climate For further thfurruutiun aid mining ennhot: Harris ently proclaims its own perceptivity Allen. rstr. 1020 Flue Onto W.Y. UN.Nr.1 Paint. Orearal THE SERVICE: 117591. 15081 920.5151 and rectitude. The Memoirs of General In The Quiet End of Evening the Reinhard Gehien boobs are Irish islanders—greedy, slug- translated from the German gish. and malevolently stupid. Above by David Irving The new book by the them are the half-wits: the vaguely World, 386 pp., $10 well-off Thomas Boxham, who owns an bestselling author of Irish estate and dislikes the Irish; his GEHLEN: Master Spy of the Century How Children Learn sister Sabina, who worships them; and by Charles Whiting Harry Buckle, who is English, wealthy, Ballantine, 274 pp., $1.25 & How Children Fail handsome, tediously competent, an ad- mirer of Ireland, and obviously Sabina's Reviewed by Robert G. Deindorfer future husband. The Boxham estate is staffed by dishonest idiots; it is not In the perilous Cold War times of only filthy but collapsing. Buckle's de- eighteen to twenty years ago, few per- sire to live there, like Sabina's Irish• sons privy to the ways of international idolatry, is obviously fatuous. But Box- circles—least of them Reinhard Gehlen ham's desire to live in England is himself—could have foreseen the twi- shown to be equally silly, since London light that was to fall over his later is crowded, dirty, busy, and full of career. Gehlen's triumphs in the late foreigners. 1940s and early 1950s, particularly his The islanders are in a bad way when artful lifting of vital Soviet secrets, put the novel begins and in a hopelessly him at the top of his profession. A bad way when it ends. Serves them slight, vain, driven man, methodical right. The Boxhams begin by quarrel- and single-minded, Gehlen was the re- ing over the estate and end with no markably reliable and productive estate to quarrel over. Serves them leader of an espionage structure he right. Buckle begins enchanted with hired out Hest to the United States and Ireland and ends disenchanted. Serves then to his own West German govern- "Easily the hest book John Holt him right. Miss Tracy washes her hands ment. That was a world more clearly of the lot. divided than now between friend and has written...- —A.S. NEILL Who, for such clods, would bother foe, and Gehlen seemed to some an author of Summerhill to provide a plot, consistent charac- epic figure. concealed behind the high, A controversial, constructive & incisive terization, clarity of description, and heavily patrolled walls of his head- inquiry into the world of the child interesting, dramatically developed quarters at Pullach, a few miles from and his relationships with adults. scenes? No sensible person. Miss Tracy, Munich. However, when the Cold War by her own repeated testimony, is a began to thaw, when his network was Selected by five book clubs sensible person. breached by the Communists, when MI "Rik $7.95 at booksellers Let's reread Cold Comfort Farm this new technology rertaced people, Gehlen summer, and P. G. Wodehouse. was brought down from his under- SIR dutton cover heights. Son of a solid, middle-class Prussian SOLUTION OF 1..rar Winx's family, Gehlen, like his father, went KINGSLEY Dousta-Caostic (No. 1993) into the German army and slowly climbed up through the chain of com- A NOTE TO THE READERS Lao ROUEN: PEOPLE I HAVE LOVED mand. If he was an unimpressive-look- Norman Cousins, our former asso- 1$ (KNOWN OR ADMIRED) ing little man, with thin lips, jugged ciate, has announced his decision to ears, and a pale, cardboard complexion, launch a new magazine to be called Groucho's wit is as a masterly flirts. he was also willing to work sixteen World. Undoubtedly, a number of Lion with schizophrenia... . He can painstaking hours a day to fill in the SR readers will also want to keep up dress lunacy in paralogic until he daydream his vanity kept spinning. with Mr. Cousins's new publishing achieves that state of dementia best Gehlen, who was a general staff officer venture. An announcement appears illustrated by the philosopher Lich- Robert G. Deindorfer has written three in this issue. We at SR offer Mr. tenberg, who puzzled over "a knife Cousins and his associates our good without a blade that has no handle." books on the subject of intelligence, the most recent of which is Secret Service— wishes and congratulations. Thirty-three Centuries of Espionage. SS/JUNE 24, 1972 61

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during the Second World War, was self, who kept a suitcase fully packed agents already in place with the various named head of Fremde Heere Ost in his Pullach office just in case, posed Communist bureaucracies, Gehlen in- (Foreign Armies East), the German as Dr. Schneider, general manager of filtrated other men—many of them staff's intelligence unit on the Eastern "Siiddeutsche Industries Company." escapees recruited in the sprawling Front. With a card file for a mind and He also had emergency identity papers, refugee camps of Austria and Germany a passion for detail, he soon formed as Dr. Garner and as Dr. Gross. —for a flat price of $100 a day, plus a a successful network of agents on both Like a number of other important fluctuating bonus afterwards if they sides of the battle lines. His evalua- services, The Org observed the custom- managed to get back out safely. Among tions of Soviet strength were so ac- ary split-level morality inherent in so the notable successes were the penetra- curate that they finally did him in. essentially deceptive a calling. For ex- tion of East Germany's government Toward the end of the war, as the Rus- ample, while agents worked directly and early warnings on Soviet jet and sian armies rolled westward, Hitler with the Egyptians, whose service missile development; on uprisings in angrily relieved Gehlen of his com- they helped to modernize and improve, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, and mand, not because his intelligence fore- Gehlen people also knowingly helped Hungary; on important political vibra- casts weren't accurate—they were—but train an Israeli agent for transport tions in Moscow; on Soviet troop because mournful estimates of over- straight into Cairo, where he claimed strength, and even on the hostility be- powering Russian strength were too to be a former Wehrmacht officer but tween Russia and China. According to hard for the tormented, ever-optimistic now a gentleman horse fancier. If the people who ought to know, The Org Hitler to bear. Gehlen organization had a flaw, it was supplied upwards of 70 per cent of the In the circumstances this created, its lack of truly creative gifts. "Gehlen intelligence data from the Soviet orbit Gehlen demonstrated a flair for the did a remarkable job of re-creating an for the United States, NATO, and self-serving long view. Germany was organization at the end of the war, but SHAPE. Under the circumstances an doomed, no doubt of it. Beyond the we never credited him with any major East German newspaper was moved to defeat, though, he saw an increasing innovations," a former CIA officer of offer an improbable tribute in the sum- tension between the U.S.S.R. and its especially lofty rank told me not long mer of 1953: "The Gehlen Organization Western allies once the postwar house- ago. "It was all rather straightforward, has hitherto scored certain successes keeping in Europe commenced. He ad- rather conventional." in the recruitment of agents in the Ger- vised his better agents in the denied Still, the thorough, comprehensive man Democratic Republic." area to stay where they were, packed structure did a remarkable job of call- In 1956 the apparatus, except for up forty crates of microfilm intelli- ing the shots on the other side of the some ex-SS and ex-Nazi personnel who gence on the Soviet Union, and scuttled Iron Curtain down through the years were phased out for political reasons, into Bavaria to bury the treasure and of the Cold War. In addition to having became the Bundesnachrichtendienst await the advancing Americans, who seemed as the most promising market. Gen. Reinhard Gehlen (left) Inspecting Russian auxiliaries For a while, after Gehlen had given during the Second World War—"too many old sausages." himself up, be was submerged in the great wash of prisoners of war. When his unique background came to the at- tention of U.S. military intelligence of- ficers, however, he was flown to Wash- ington. In a matter of months he made an agreement to pull together an American-funded, German-manned in- telligence service, with the help of his voluminous files, his dormant agents and networks, and an intimate knowl- edge of the Russians. Gehlen and his people got on to the job immediately, with an annual budget variously reported to be from $6 million to $20 million. With the col- laboration of German soldiers still prisoners in the Soviet Union and a host of refugees streaming into West- ern Europe, not to mention some former Abwehr and SS officers, Gehlen built an enormous service just as the breach between the Soviet Union and the United States began to widen. "The Org," as the Gehlen organiza- tion was known, developed right out of the craft books: agents, subagents and cutouts, dead drops, codes, and safe houses—the whole sealed off with a watertight compartmentalization for the obvious reason of security. All over Europe Gehlen agents masqueraded as businessmen, tax advisers, and employ- ment agents, while the director him-

62 SR/JUNE 24, 1972

IMMAIWARVKIn,,,.1,5,..1,M.,,,,AhM,..7.1,41,,aulunmunoncuraa11.41.1mNatraftltrfan4rernMilOttn-IV,11:WMI,V111,-„ct0,11764.111WMP.5,!.1..MMANININOMW,M•arSif,...VISinNetYl.:41.4,17,217.m.. NaL ..,TAIrreq5.,,,,,M^TtONIZASTP,MM,.. WIT TWISTER NO. 277 N&REVIEWSBooks Edited by ARTHUR SWAN The German Espionage Setup In Russia, 1942.1945 The object of the game is to com- plete the poem by thinking of one Hitler word whose letters, when rear- ranged, will yield the appropriate word for each series of blanks. Himmler SS F. M. Keitel Admiral Canaris's Each dash within a blank corre- Supreme Army HO sponds to a letter of the word. Abwehr t We — — — — esteem, as ill-begot, General Schellenberg General Gehlen HQ Residents in HQ SS Secret Service The — — — — that we breed; Foreign Armies East venous countries

And yet we — — — —, as like as V-men Skorzeny's V-men Walli I and V-men' Regiment not, Friedenthal Walli Ill Brandenburg Commando ti Behind a -- of greed. From "Golden: Master Spy of the Century" What — — — — shunned as mor- (BND), the official service of the Fed- Gehlen the general, interpreting his tal sin, eral Republic of Germany, with Gehlen role in the Cold War, and providing the being given the special title of presi- reader detailed reasons for his even- This we, the — — — —, continue dent. What this meant, of course, was tual collapse. in! that the CIA began receiving carbon The General Was a Spy: The Truth copies of reports from Pullach to Bonn About General Gehlen and His Spy Peter Hugh DeVries instead of the originals, as happened Ring by Heinz Ilkihne and Hermann all those years when Bonn was getting tolling, while intriguing, is freighted (Answer on page 72) the carbons. It wasn't long before a with too much in the way of internal series of erupting events diminished West German politics and damaged by the network's vitality. The BND be- a reluctance even to credit Gehlen with came involved in a rackety political his many impressive victories. This im- dispute with the German news maga- balance may have been inevitable, since zine Der Spiegel and then learned it the authors, who edit Der Spiegel, are had been penetrated by three Commu- West Germans and the book originally Buy nist double agents, one of them Heinze appeared in West Germany Felfe, a ranking officer who had been For all the prepublication hullabaloo, U.S. Savings Bonds honored for ten years' service only a Gehien's own book, The Service: The few weeks before his arrest. As a re- Memoirs of General Reinhard Gehlen, sult, agents and networks in East Ger- is a disappointment: it is peckish and many and beyond collapsed. Gehlen self-serving. By the scoring scales he de- and his BND took to serving up too veloped for his own agents, his unsup- many old sausages right out of Soviet ported suggestion that Martin Bor- publications or off the Soviet radio. mann crossed over to work with the FRASER YOUNG Unable to adjust to the new era Russians following the war wouldn't LITERARY CRYPT NO. 1512 of warming relations and electronic rate more than a "D." The book is short equipment, the president even began on detail and long on windy sermons .4 cryptogram is writing in ci- coloring an occasional item in an effort about the real nature of Communism. pher. Every letter is part of a code to preserve his importance. One day he Gehlen's ego frequently shows through it that remains constant throughout suggested that a bit of material be at- criticism of a number of individual the puzzle. Answer No. 1512 will tributed to a sympathetic source on the targets, including several service rivals he found in the next issue. Communist Central Committee. "But and Americans be felt didn't measure we have no collaborator on the Central up: "I well recall my feelings—a grim ARO HVAVJQ KY EW SWENQJ Committee," an assistant said. humor at the situation as I, a brigadier "Who can prove otherwise?" Gehlen general who had played a not unimpor- XRCA KA VYQP AW IQ. answered. tant part in the war, had to turn myself Just prior to his forced retirement in over to a young American first lieuten- H. RWSSCEPQJ 1968, the aging chief managed to achieve ant. . • Here the American personnel one last victory. Months before Soviet were uncharitable, to say the least." tanks clattered into Czechoslovakia, he As for Charles Whiting's paperback, correctly forecast that Moscow was apparently Gehlen: Master Spy of the Answer to Literary Crypt No. 1511 moving toward a brutal showdown Century was stitched together very fast with the Dubek regime in Prague. in an effort to cash in on the trend. How . . . At the age of four with paper Of four new books on Gehlen, far and else does one account for passages such hats and wooden swords we're all away the most useful is E. H. Cook- as this: "Lead began to beat the grass generals. Only some of us never ridge's Gehlen: Spy of the Century (al- around them like hot summer rain on grow out of it. through the title itself strikes me as a tin roof. They had been spotted. Peter Ustinov extravagant). A first-rate writer with a Tracers cut the air. Like myriad solid background in intelligence. Conti- red, angry bees, the bullets zigzagged ridge is on the mark in reviewing through the night," 66 error in paging; should be 64 SR/JUNE 24, 1972