Picture IT AT Work: An inside Review of This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC Monocular Vision Introduction: Terry Dailey MA ABVE, CRC, LPC

• I am currently employed as a Vocational Expert in private rehabilitation. I assess whether a claimant/defendant, (given the medically defined limitations set forth by the physician), can perform the duties required in the fields of employment suitable to his/her training, experience and education. I have been qualified to testify in Federal and State courts. Previously, I worked for twenty years for PA Office of Vocational Rehabilitation as a vocational rehabilitation counselor and returned as an annuitant in 2016, 2018 and 2019 providing services to individual with multiple disabilities reintegrating into sustainable gainful employment. • I have presented conference sessions at National. State and Local Organizations. I am a member of ABVE, NRA, NARL, PRA and held board positions of NARL and PRA • I also have personal experience with Monocular Vision. Emily Wilson Biography

• Emily Wilson earned her Bachelor’s degree in Communication Sciences and Disorders from the University of South Florida in Tampa. For the last seven years she has been employed at the FAAST Central Regional Demonstration Center as the Program Specialist. Her role with FAAST involves exploring assistive technology solutions aimed to promote independence in a variety of environments, such as school, work, home, and community. Recently, she has achieved eligibility to sit for RESNA’s Assistive Technology Professional (ATP) exam which will certify her competency in the field of assistive technology. Medical Aspects of Monocular Vision

• Congenital • Industrial • Accidental • Medical Malpractice Note: injuries in the workplace are very common. More than 2,000 people injure their at work each day. About 1 in 10 injuries require one or more missed workdays to recover from. Of the total amount of work-related injuries, 10-20 % will cause temporary or permanent vision loss. https://www.preventblindness.org/eye-safety- work Functional Aspects of Monocular Vision

• • decrease in peripheral visual field • decrease in the horizontal visual field • monocular saccades, pursuits, and near- to-far accommodation • Eye-hand-coordination • Mobility • balance, coordination, and motility Vision Assessment

• Complete and review results of comprehensive eye examination (within 1 year), Spectacle prescriptions as needed for improving distance and near vision, and Polycarbonate lenses Depth perception

• The ability to judge depth or the relative distance of objects in space and to orient one’s position in relation to them; Also called stereopsis. Peripheral Vision Field

• indirect vision, is vision as it occurs outside the point of fixation, i.e. away from the center of gaze. The vast majority of the area in the visual field is included in the notion of peripheral vision. "Far peripheral" vision refers to the area at the edges of the visual field, "mid-peripheral" vision refers to medium eccentricities, and "near-peripheral", sometimes referred to as "para-central" vision, exists adjacent to the center of gaze Horizontal Vision Field

• normal vision, the horizontal visual field is about 210 to 230 degrees • monocular visual field extends to approximately 60 degrees nasally (toward the nose, or inward) from the vertical meridian in each eye, to 107 degrees temporally (away from the nose, or outwards) from the vertical meridian, and approximately 70 degrees above and 80 below the horizontal meridian. Monocular saccades, pursuits, and near-to-far accommodation.

• Effect of visual distractors on saccade latency and accuracy • Visual tracking (pursuits) is an oculomotor skill that is essential for learning, reading, and so many tasks we perform • How fast and how efficiently you can focus on objects, both near and far, with your eyes Eye Hand Coordination

• The ability of the vision system to coordinate the information received through the eyes to control, guide, and direct the hands in the accomplishment of a given task, such as handwriting or catching a ball Mobility Visual system balance, coordination, and motility Monocular Vision in the World of Work

VISION: • NE - Near Acuity - Frequent • FA - Far Acuity - Not Present • DE - Depth Perception – Occasional • AC - Accommodation - Occasional • CV - Color Vision - Not Present • FV - Field of Vision - Not Present Handouts

• Assessment Questions • Driving Tips • Instructions for 3D picture • Light and Glare • Physical Requirements-V Hands on Experience

• Monocular Vision – What do you or don’t you see? 3D Picture C Cover your dominant eye and look closely at the picture. Can you find the picture inside?

Uncover your eye and look again. Do you see the picture inside? Walk-and-Turn Test Procedure: http://www.fieldsobrietytestsorg/walkandturntes t.html

• To perform the test, you will take nine heel-to-toe steps forward on a real or imaginary line, pivot, and take nine steps back. At all times, you will keep your arms to the side, watch your feet and count the steps aloud. Do this with your dominant eye covered and then with both eyes. Do you notice any difference? Fill a glass of Water:

• Wrap a piece of black construction paper around a glass, tape to hold in place. Cover dominant eye and pour the glass full of water within 1 inch from top. What happens? Now use both eyes to fill the cup. What happens? Accommodations AT Work Emily Wilson Florida Alliance for Assistive Technology

• Vision Training • Hardware • Software • YouTube link: https://www.youtube.com/wa tch?v=-Vyq-I6Xzf8 Questions

• Did this session expand your knowledge of Monocular vision? • Will you have a better understanding when addressing forensic issues and correlation to job tasks? • Was the hands-on experience helpful? Terry S. Dailey, M.A., ABVE/F, CRC, LPC Vocational Expert Leslie Vocational Consulting Sterling Center 26E East Roseville Road Lancaster, PA 17601 Phone: (717) 435-9693 Fax: (717) 435-9453 web: leslievc.com

Emily Wilson B.A. Program Specialist FAAST Regional Demonstration Center 6 Tampa General Circle Tampa, Florida 33606 (813) 844-7591 TTY: (813) 844-7767 Email: [email protected] Acquired Monocular Vision Rehabilitation Program, Carolyn Ihrig, OD, Daniel P. Schaefer, MD, FACS, Buffalo Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Buffalo, NY, 10.1682/JRRD.2006.06.0071; Survey Questions for Acquired Monocular Vision Rehabilitation Evaluation (Appendix 1); Driving Tips (Appendix 7)

Adapting to the Loss of an Eye, Malcom McClean M.D. BC Medical Journal, Vol 53, No 10, December 2011, www.bcmj.org

American Academy of Ophthalmology, copyright 2020; https://www.aao.org/eye-health/symptoms/vision-loss- peripheral-side

Clipart, https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Mr.+Magoo+Computer&FORM=IRIBIP

Experience of Monocular Vision in Australia, Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, September 2004, Volume 98, Number 9

Functional Visual Loss, John J Chen, MD, PhD and Yanjun (Judy) Chen, MD, PhD, March 6, 2013; http://webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu/eyeforum/cases/165-functional-visual-loss.htm

Hidden 3D, Woodbury CT; www.hidden3d.com

How to Parallel Park: 10 Ridiculously Easy Parallel Parking Steps, Andrei Zakhareuski, November 10, 2020 (Source: https://driving-tests.org/beginner-drivers/how-to-parallel-park/) References: Mosby’s Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing & Health Professions, 8th Edition, Elsevier, Copyright 2009; ISBN: 978- 0-323-0493735

Occupation Information Network (O*NET), U.S. Department of Labor, Employment & Training Administration, https://www.onetcenter.org/

One-eyed View of Life: An Insight into the Problems of Monocular Vision, Terry Spring, Published April 2, 2012 by Publish-Me; ASIN B007TRSDGK

The effect of binocular and monocular distractors on saccades in participants with normal , Helen Griffiths, Jon Whittle, David Buckley; Academic Unit of Ophthalmology and Orthoptics, University of Sheffield, UK; October 2004; revised form July 2005; Elsevier, www.sciencedirect.com

The Connection Between Vision & Balance, https://vestibular.org/news/12-23-2016/connection-between- vision-balance

U.S. Dept. of Labor, Selected Characteristics of Occupations Defined in the Dictionary of Occupational Titles (1993). (electronic files contain all, not just selected characteristics.) U.S. Dept. of Labor, The Revised Handbook for Analyzing Jobs, (1991)